ITRM20130168U1 - DIOTRO CONFIGURED TO REDUCE THE ELECTRICAL MAGNETIC RADIATION THAT IS HARMFUL TO THE VISUAL SYSTEM - Google Patents
DIOTRO CONFIGURED TO REDUCE THE ELECTRICAL MAGNETIC RADIATION THAT IS HARMFUL TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMInfo
- Publication number
- ITRM20130168U1 ITRM20130168U1 IT000168U ITRM20130168U ITRM20130168U1 IT RM20130168 U1 ITRM20130168 U1 IT RM20130168U1 IT 000168 U IT000168 U IT 000168U IT RM20130168 U ITRM20130168 U IT RM20130168U IT RM20130168 U1 ITRM20130168 U1 IT RM20130168U1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- diopter
- visual system
- harmful
- lens
- reduce
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BEYOBVMPDRKTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl79759 Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 BEYOBVMPDRKTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVEKCXBOGWJNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxycyclohexane;carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O.C1CC(C(C)(C)C)CCC1OOC1CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 MVEKCXBOGWJNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEYOBVMPDRKTNR-BUHFOSPRSA-N 4-Hydroxyazobenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1 BEYOBVMPDRKTNR-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000212977 Andira Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010002945 Aphakia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011013 Corneal erosion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001523858 Felipes Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFZHPFOXAAIUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylethylmalonamide Chemical compound CCC(C(N)=O)(C(N)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JFZHPFOXAAIUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034944 Photokeratitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001742 aqueous humor Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/104—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having spectral characteristics for purposes other than sun-protection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
- G02C2202/06—Special ophthalmologic or optometric aspects
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Description
“DIOTTRO CONFIGURATO PER RIDURRE LE RADIAZIONI ELETTROMAGNETICHE NOCIVE AL SISTEMA VISIVO”, "BACK CONFIGURED TO REDUCE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION HARMFUL TO THE VISUAL SYSTEM",
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
Campo del modello Model field
Il presente modello si inserisce nel campo generale della medicina preventiva e della salute pubblica e riguarda, in modo particolare, un diottro configurato per ridurre le radiazioni nocive al sistema visivo. This model is part of the general field of preventive medicine and public health and concerns, in particular, a diopter configured to reduce harmful radiation to the visual system.
Descrizione dell’arte nota Description of the known art
Le lunghezze d’onda nell’intervallo da 180 a 380 nm possono essere causa di fotocheratite e opacizzazione del cristallino. Nell’intervallo da 380 a 550 nm dello spettro visibile (luce violetta e blu), possono indurre lesioni fotochimiche alla retina (da 310 a 550 nm nell’occhio afachico). Il riscaldamento mediante assorbimento della radiazione visibile o IRA (da 400 nm a 1.200 nm) può comportare l’opacizzazione del cristallino oltre a erosioni corneali. A seguito della trasparenza dei mezzi oculari, la radiazione visibile e IRA (da 400 a 1.400 nm) può provocare danni termici alla retina. Nell’intervallo dell’IR A e B (da 800 a 3.000 nm), le lesioni termiche del cristallino sono riconducibili a un deterioramento delle sue proteine. Nella regione dell’IR B e C dello spettro (rispettivamente, da 1.400 a 3.000 nm e da 3.000 a 10.000 nm,), l’assorbimento si verifica soprattutto nella cornea e nell’umore acquoso. Oltre i 1.900 nm, la cornea è l’unico mezzo assorbente per cui le lesioni termiche interessano, in genere, questa struttura. Tale tipologia di lesione è riconducibile, quasi esclusivamente, all’esposizione alle radiazioni laser. Wavelengths in the range from 180 to 380 nm can cause photokeratitis and clouding of the lens. In the range from 380 to 550 nm of the visible spectrum (violet and blue light), they can induce photochemical lesions to the retina (from 310 to 550 nm in the aphakic eye). Heating by absorption of visible radiation or IRA (from 400 nm to 1,200 nm) can lead to opacification of the lens as well as corneal erosions. Due to the transparency of the ocular media, visible radiation and IRA (400 to 1,400 nm) can cause thermal damage to the retina. In the range of IR A and B (from 800 to 3,000 nm), the thermal lesions of the lens are attributable to a deterioration of its proteins. In the IR B and C region of the spectrum (respectively, from 1,400 to 3,000 nm and from 3,000 to 10,000 nm,), absorption occurs mainly in the cornea and in the aqueous humor. Beyond 1,900 nm, the cornea is the only absorbent medium for which thermal lesions generally affect this structure. This type of injury is almost exclusively attributable to exposure to laser radiation.
Nei brevetti ES2247946, ES2257976, ES2281301, ES2281303, ES2289957, ES2296552, ES2298089, ES2303484 ed ES2312284 ci si richiama alla problematica delle lunghezze d’onda corta nello spettro da 380 a 500 nm. Tuttavia, nessuno di questi documenti illustra i danni provocati dalle radiazioni comprese tra 180 e 10.000 nm. In patents ES2247946, ES2257976, ES2281301, ES2281303, ES2289957, ES2296552, ES2298089, ES2303484 and ES2312284, reference is made to the problem of short wavelengths in the spectrum from 380 to 500 nm. However, none of these documents illustrate the damage caused by radiation between 180 and 10,000 nm.
Si delinea quindi l’esigenza di fornire un elemento atto a proteggere il sistema visivo dalle radiazioni nocive. The need to provide an element to protect the visual system from harmful radiation is therefore outlined.
Descrizione del modello Description of the model
Il presente modello viene a risolvere il problema sollevato nella descrizione dell’arte nota. Innanzitutto, il medesimo si riferisce a un diottro (in seguito, diottro del modello in oggetto) configurato in modo tale da ridurre le radiazioni nocive al sistema visivo e comprendente una sostanza in superficie o al suo interno in grado di modificarne le proprietà di trasmissione. This model solves the problem raised in the description of the known art. First of all, it refers to a diopter (hereinafter, diopter of the model in question) configured in such a way as to reduce radiation harmful to the visual system and including a substance on the surface or inside it capable of modifying its transmission properties.
Nel modello in oggetto, il termine diottro, come da Manual de Óptica Geométrica (Manuale di ottica geometrica) (Felipe, 1998) è una superficie rifrangente, vale a dire una superficie che separa due mezzi con diverso indice di rifrazione. In the model in question, the term diopter, as per Manual de Óptica Geométrica (Manual of geometric optics) (Felipe, 1998) is a refracting surface, that is to say a surface that separates two media with different refractive index.
In particolare, le radiazioni nocive al sistema visivo appartengono allo spettro infrarosso, ultravioletta e/o lunghezze d’onda dello spettro visibile le cui lunghezze d’onda sono comprese tra 180 nm e 10.000 nm. In particular, radiation harmful to the visual system belongs to the infrared, ultraviolet and / or wavelengths of the visible spectrum whose wavelengths are between 180 nm and 10,000 nm.
Più specificatamente, le proprietà di trasmissione modificate dal diottro del modello in oggetto sono la riflessione, la rifrazione, l’assorbimento, la dispersione, la polarizzazione e/o il fenomeno dell’interferenza. More specifically, the transmission properties modified by the diopter of the model in question are reflection, refraction, absorption, dispersion, polarization and / or the phenomenon of interference.
Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto ha forma piano-parallela, piano-concava, piano-convessa; biconcava o biconvessa. Più specificatamente, la sostanza contenuta nel diottro del modello in oggetto viene selezionata fra pigmenti, sostanze metalliche, polimeri, composti inorganici, composti organici o un mix delle medesime. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question has a plane-parallel, plane-concave, plane-convex shape; biconcave or biconvex. More specifically, the substance contained in the diopter of the model in question is selected from pigments, metallic substances, polymers, inorganic compounds, organic compounds or a mix of the same.
Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto ha forma curva. Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto è munito di lente oftalmica. Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto è una lente a contatto. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question has a curved shape. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question is equipped with an ophthalmic lens. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question is a contact lens.
Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto ha forma piana. Più specificatamente, il diottro del modello in oggetto è un filtro. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question has a flat shape. More specifically, the diopter of the model in question is a filter.
In un altro aspetto, il presente modello si riferisce ad un elemento contenuto nel diottro del modello in oggetto. Più specificatamente, si riferisce ad un paio di occhiali, superfici su infissi di finestre, porte o sistemi divisori di spazi, visori di caschi, superfici di copertura, rivestimenti, parasoli, tende da sole, ombrelloni. Descrizione particolareggiata del modello In another aspect, the present model refers to an element contained in the diopter of the model in question. More specifically, it refers to a pair of glasses, surfaces on window frames, doors or space dividing systems, helmet visors, roofing surfaces, coatings, parasols, awnings, parasols. Detailed description of the model
Esempio 1: Diottro: lente a contatto Example 1: Diopter: contact lens
Si è proceduto a sciogliere 10.3 mg di un colorante convenzionale giallo, 4-Phenylazophenol, Solvent Yellow 7 (SY7), in 10.01 g di una soluzione monomerica contenente 66% di PEA, 30.5% di PEMA e 3.3% di BDDA. Ne è derivata una concentrazione di SY7 da 0.103 wt %. Sono stati, quindi, aggiunti 52.3 mg di bis 4-tert-butilcicloesilperossido bicarbonato come catalizzatore della polimerizzazione. Con una siringa, si è proceduto a iniettare la soluzione in uno stampo formato da due piatti di vetro, sovrapposti e uniti mediante clip di metallo e un anello di Teflon da 1mm. La soluzione si è estesa in strati da 1 mm. La polimerizzazione è avvenuta dopo aver inserito lo stampo in un forno a 65 ºC per 17 ore. Successivamente, si è provveduto ad aumentare la temperatura del forno fino a 100 ºC per altre 3 ore. Terminata la polimerizzazione, si è provveduto all’estrazione della lamina dallo stampo, all’espletamento delle verifiche di misura della protezione e si è provveduto al rispettivo taglio finale. In questo esempio, il diottro era rappresentato da una lente a contatto comprendente un pigmento giallo quale sostanza in grado di modificarne le proprietà di trasmissione. Più particolarmente, si è provveduto ad aumentare l’assorbimento delle lunghezze d’onda corta comprese tra 350 e 500 nm. 10.3 mg of a conventional yellow dye, 4-Phenylazophenol, Solvent Yellow 7 (SY7), was dissolved in 10.01 g of a monomer solution containing 66% of PEA, 30.5% of PEMA and 3.3% of BDDA. This resulted in a 0.103 wt% SY7 concentration. 52.3 mg of bis 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl peroxide bicarbonate were then added as polymerization catalyst. With a syringe, the solution was injected into a mold formed by two glass plates, superimposed and joined by metal clips and a 1mm Teflon ring. The solution spread in 1mm layers. The polymerization took place after placing the mold in an oven at 65 ºC for 17 hours. Subsequently, the oven temperature was raised to 100 ºC for another 3 hours. After the polymerization, the foil was extracted from the mold, the protection measurement checks were carried out and the respective final cut was made. In this example, the diopter was represented by a contact lens comprising a yellow pigment as a substance capable of modifying its transmission properties. More particularly, the absorption of short wavelengths between 350 and 500 nm was increased.
Esempio 2: diottro: lente oftalmica Example 2: diopter: ophthalmic lens
Mediante calcolo dei parametri della lente, si è provveduto a selezionare gli stampi con superfici interne in vetro, regolarmente levigate costituenti il negativo perfetto delle superfici della lente. La miscela da polimerizzare, denominata prepolimero, costituita dal monomero e dal catalizzatore, è stata tenuta a bassa temperatura per evitare che la polimerizzazione avvenisse prima di iniettarla nello stampo. Il prepolimero vi è stato inserito a temperatura ambiente e si è poi provveduto ad agitare il tutto per eliminare le bolle d’aria. Quindi, lo stampo contenente il prepolimero iniettato è stato sistemato in un recipiente per relativa polimerizzazione a bagnomaria a 40 ºC per 12 ore. Decorso tale lasso di tempo, la temperatura è stata portata a 97 ºC per un’ora. Data la riduzione del volume della miscela nel corso della polimerizzazione, in tale processo si è provveduto a riempire lo stampo con il prepolimero. By calculating the parameters of the lens, we proceeded to select the molds with internal surfaces in glass, regularly polished constituting the perfect negative of the surfaces of the lens. The mixture to be polymerized, called prepolymer, consisting of the monomer and the catalyst, was kept at a low temperature to prevent polymerization from occurring before injecting it into the mold. The prepolymer was added to it at room temperature and everything was then shaken to eliminate the air bubbles. Then, the mold containing the injected prepolymer was placed in a container for relative polymerization in a water bath at 40 ºC for 12 hours. After this period of time, the temperature was brought to 97 ºC for one hour. Given the reduction in the volume of the mixture during the polymerization, in this process the mold was filled with the prepolymer.
Solidificato il polimero ed a taglio e levigazione avvenuti della lente, la medesima è stata immersa per 5 min. in una soluzione di pigmento giallo a 90 ºC per ridurre all'incirca del 10% l’assorbimento della luce violetta e blu. Once the polymer solidified and the lens was cut and smoothed, it was immersed for 5 min. in a solution of yellow pigment at 90 ºC to reduce the absorption of violet and blue light by approximately 10%.
Esempio 3: diottro: filtro su finestre di edifici e/o veicoli Example 3: diopter: filter on windows of buildings and / or vehicles
Il diottro era rappresentato da un filtro, inserito in un vetro, contenente un pigmento giallo quale sostanza in grado di modificare le proprietà di trasmissione di tale diottro. In particolare, è aumentato l’assorbimento delle lunghezze d’onda corta comprese tra 350 e 500 nm. The diopter was represented by a filter, inserted in a glass, containing a yellow pigment as a substance capable of modifying the transmission properties of this diopter. In particular, the absorption of short wavelengths between 350 and 500 nm has increased.
Esempio 4: diottro: lente con superficie a specchio Per predisporre la lente con superficie a specchio ci si è avvalsi delle soluzioni di cui appresso: Example 4: diopter: mirror surface lens To prepare the mirror surface lens, the following solutions were used:
Soluzione mista: Mixed solution:
1.- 900 cm<3>di acqua distillata 30 g. di nitrato d’argento; 1.- 900 cm <3> of distilled water 30 g. of silver nitrate;
2.- 900 cm<3>di acqua distillata 20 g. di potassa caustica; 2.- 900 cm <3> of distilled water 20 g. of caustic potash;
Soluzione di riduzione: Reduction solution:
3.- 1000 cm<3>di acqua distillata 50 g. di glucosio. 3.- 1000 cm <3> of distilled water 50 g. of glucose.
Le soluzioni sono state tenute in bottiglie opache avendo cura di non esporle alla luce diretta. The solutions were kept in opaque bottles taking care not to expose them to direct light.
Le superfici da argentare sono state strofinate con acido nitrico concentrato e risciacquate con acqua e poi asciugate con un panno di lino. Quindi, si è provveduto a versare sulla superficie una miscela, in parti uguali, della soluzione 2 e alcool. Dopo averla asciugata, è stata risciacquata nuovamente con acqua. Successivamente, la lente è stata immersa in un recipiente contenente acqua distillata, avendo cura di rivolgere la superficie da argentare verso il basso. The surfaces to be silvered were rubbed with concentrated nitric acid and rinsed with water and then dried with a linen cloth. Then, a mixture, in equal parts, of solution 2 and alcohol was poured onto the surface. After drying it, it was rinsed again with water. Subsequently, the lens was immersed in a container containing distilled water, taking care to turn the surface to be silvered down.
In precedenza, si era preparata la soluzione mista con 5 parti della soluzione 1 a cui si era aggiunta lentamente dell’ammoniaca fino ad ottenerne la chiarificazione necessaria. In seguito, sono state aggiunte 6 parti della soluzione 2 e di nuovo ammoniaca fino alla rimozione dell’intorbidamento. Infine, si è provveduto ad aggiungere una parte della soluzione 1. La soluzione di color bruno è stata poi travasata in una bottiglia scura, mediante filtraggio. Previously, the mixed solution was prepared with 5 parts of solution 1 to which ammonia was slowly added until the necessary clarification was obtained. Subsequently, 6 parts of solution 2 were added and ammonia again until the turbidity was removed. Finally, a part of solution 1 was added. The brown solution was then poured into a dark bottle by filtering.
Il diottro è stato disposto con la superficie da rendere a specchio rivolta all’ingiù in un recipiente contenente la soluzione mista (alta circa 1 cm). Si è poi aggiunta la soluzione di riduzione (soluzione 3) agitando dolcemente il recipiente contenente la lente. Le proporzioni della soluzione mista e di quella di riduzione sono pari a 3:1 e 2:1. A deposito avvenuto dell’argento sulla super ficie della lente, si è provveduto alla sua estrazione dalla soluzione per risciacquarla sotto un filo d’acqua corrente e quindi asciugarla su carta da filtro sistemata, a sua volta, su una piastra leggermente riscaldata. The diopter was placed with the surface to be mirrored facing downwards in a container containing the mixed solution (about 1 cm high). The reduction solution (solution 3) was then added by gently shaking the container containing the lens. The proportions of the mixed solution and the reduction solution are 3: 1 and 2: 1. Once the silver has been deposited on the surface of the lens, it has been extracted from the solution to rinse it under a trickle of running water and then dry it on filter paper placed, in turn, on a slightly heated plate.
Il diottro era rappresentato da una lente contenente argento come sostanza in grado di modificarne le proprietà di trasmissione. In particolare, la trasmissione delle radiazioni è stata pari al 40% tra 380 e 780 nm riflettendo il 60% della luce incidente. The diopter was represented by a lens containing silver as a substance capable of modifying its transmission properties. In particular, the radiation transmission was equal to 40% between 380 and 780 nm reflecting 60% of the incident light.
Esempio 5: diottro: lenti da saldatori Example 5: diopter: welding lenses
Diottro rappresentato da una lente contenente pigmenti verdi come sostanza in grado di modificarne le proprietà di trasmissione. In particolare, la modifica delle proprietà di trasmissione del diottro è avvenuta come segue: Diopter represented by a lens containing green pigments as a substance capable of modifying its transmission properties. In particular, the modification of the transmission properties of the diopter occurred as follows:
Dati di trasmissione e di assorbimento della radiazione incidente: Transmission and absorption data of incident radiation:
− % assorbimento UV (180 – 380 nm): 99,9% -% UV absorption (180 - 380 nm): 99.9%
− % trasmissione visibile (380 – 780 nm): 3% -% visible transmission (380 - 780 nm): 3%
− % assorbimento IR (780 – 1.100 nm): 99,5% -% IR absorption (780 - 1,100 nm): 99.5%
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201300500U ES1094781Y (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Diopter configured to restrict electromagnetic radiation that damages the visual system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ITRM20130168U1 true ITRM20130168U1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
Family
ID=49323617
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000168U ITRM20130168U1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-10-09 | DIOTRO CONFIGURED TO REDUCE THE ELECTRICAL MAGNETIC RADIATION THAT IS HARMFUL TO THE VISUAL SYSTEM |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH708114A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202013102610U1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES1094781Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3006452B3 (en) |
| IE (1) | IES20140139A2 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITRM20130168U1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT10925T (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10642087B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2020-05-05 | Eyesafe, Llc | Light emission reducing compounds for electronic devices |
| EP3125005A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-01 | Tecnología Sostenible y Responsable SL | Optical product comprising two pigments |
| US11810532B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2023-11-07 | Eyesafe Inc. | Systems for monitoring and regulating harmful blue light exposure from digital devices |
| US11126033B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2021-09-21 | Eyesafe Inc. | Backlight unit with emission modification |
| US11592701B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2023-02-28 | Eyesafe Inc. | Backlight unit with emission modification |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2247946B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-01 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | THERAPEUTIC CONTACT LENS FOR PSEUDO-AFAQUIC EYES AND / OR IN NEURODEGENERATION PROCESS. |
| ES2257976B2 (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2007-03-16 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | THERAPEUTIC AND PROFILACTIC OPHTHALMOLOGICAL LENS FOR PSEUDOAFAQUIC EYES AND / OR IN THE PROCESS OF NEURODEGENERATION. |
| ES2281301B1 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2008-07-16 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | LIGHTING DEVICE WITH THERAPEUTIC AND PROFILACTIC FILTER FOR HEALTHY EYES, PSEUDO-AFAQUICOS AND / OR IN NEURODEGENERATION PROCESS. |
| ES2281303B1 (en) | 2006-12-04 | 2008-07-16 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | PREVENTION COMPONENT FOR HEALTHY EYES AND THERAPY AND PROFILAXIS FOR PSEUDO-AFAQUIC EYES AND / OR IN PROCESS OF VEHICLE NEURODEGENERATION. |
| ES2289957B1 (en) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-12-01 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | LIGHTING SOURCE WITH REDUCED ISSUANCE OF SHORT WAVE LENGTHS FOR EYE PROTECTION. |
| ES2296552B1 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2009-08-25 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | ELEMENT OF PREVENTION ON TRANSPARENT SURFACES OF BUILDINGS FOR THE PROTECTION AND THERAPY OF EYES. |
| ES2298089B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2010-03-08 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | SAFETY HELMET VISOR AND PREVENTION WITH SURFACE TREATED FOR EYE PROTECTION AND THERAPY. |
| ES2303484B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2010-03-08 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | COVERAGE, COATING OR DISPLAY MATERIAL FOR EYE PROTECTION AND THERAPY AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT. |
| ES2312284B1 (en) | 2007-10-26 | 2010-01-08 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | SAFETY AND PREVENTION GLASSES WITH SURFACE TREATED FOR THE PROTECTION AND THERAPY OF EYES IN OFFICES AND SPORTS. |
-
2013
- 2013-06-03 ES ES201300500U patent/ES1094781Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-06-17 PT PT10925U patent/PT10925T/en unknown
- 2013-06-18 DE DE202013102610U patent/DE202013102610U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-06-18 CH CH01141/13A patent/CH708114A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-06-18 FR FR1355732A patent/FR3006452B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-10-09 IT IT000168U patent/ITRM20130168U1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-06-03 IE IES20140139A patent/IES20140139A2/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE202013102610U1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
| FR3006452A3 (en) | 2014-12-05 |
| ES1094781Y (en) | 2014-02-24 |
| FR3006452B3 (en) | 2015-10-09 |
| IES86544B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| ES1094781U (en) | 2013-12-03 |
| IES20140139A2 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| CH708114A2 (en) | 2014-12-15 |
| PT10925T (en) | 2013-12-17 |
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