IT201900002503A1 - CONTROL PRECISION SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL - Google Patents
CONTROL PRECISION SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- IT201900002503A1 IT201900002503A1 IT102019000002503A IT201900002503A IT201900002503A1 IT 201900002503 A1 IT201900002503 A1 IT 201900002503A1 IT 102019000002503 A IT102019000002503 A IT 102019000002503A IT 201900002503 A IT201900002503 A IT 201900002503A IT 201900002503 A1 IT201900002503 A1 IT 201900002503A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- lead screw
- bearings
- lubrication
- machine
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/2003—Screw mechanisms with arrangements for taking up backlash
- F16H25/2009—Screw mechanisms with arrangements for taking up backlash with radial preloading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/54—Arrangements or details not restricted to group B23Q5/02 or group B23Q5/22 respectively, e.g. control handles
- B23Q5/56—Preventing backlash
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/2021—Screw mechanisms with means for avoiding overloading
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/2025—Screw mechanisms with means to disengage the nut or screw from their counterpart; Means for connecting screw and nut for stopping reciprocating movement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE DEL BREVETTO PER INVENZIONE DAL TITOLO: DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT FOR INVENTION BY TITLE:
“VITE DI PRECISIONE DI COMANDO PER MACCHINA UTENSILE” "CONTROL SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL"
Campo della tecnica: nelle macchine utensili di precisione. Field of technology: in precision machine tools.
I problemi tecnici incontrati sono i seguenti: The technical problems encountered are the following:
Nelle madre viti di precisione per macchine utensili a sfere o a rullini, si presenta sempre un certo gioco ed una certa elasticità. In precision lead screws for ball or needle roller machine tools, there is always a certain play and a certain elasticity.
Soluzione al problema: con questo trovato viene compensato automaticamente e con forte sforzo il gioco della madre vite, che viene divisa trasversalmente, comprimendone una parte verso l'altra con l'interposta vite di comando. Solution to the problem: with this invention the play of the lead screw is compensated automatically and with a strong effort, which is divided transversely, compressing one part towards the other with the intervening lead screw.
Veniamo ora ad illustrare che cosa è noto: We now come to illustrate what is known:
È noto che nella vite a filetti triangolari l'angolo a, al vertice del filetto, varia fra i 55 ed i 60 gradi. It is known that in the screw with triangular threads the angle a, at the vertex of the thread, varies between 55 and 60 degrees.
E' noto che il momento applicato vale M=Pr= Qrtg (a+r), in cui r è l'angolo della vite. It is known that the applied moment is M = Pr = Qrtg (a + r), where r is the angle of the screw.
È noto che, la madre vite non può disserrarsi per effetto dello sforzo assiale Q, se a è minore di r. It is known that the lead screw cannot loosen due to the axial stress Q, if a is less than r.
È noto che, la filettatura di comando presenta, rispetto alla madre vite, un gioco radiale variabile da punto a punto della vite, a seconda dell'imprecisione di quest'ultima e può essere anche progressivo. It is known that the control thread has, with respect to the lead screw, a radial play which varies from point to point of the screw, depending on the inaccuracy of the latter and can also be progressive.
È noto che, la lunghezza della madre vite compensa parzialmente le imprecisioni della vite. It is known that the length of the lead screw partially compensates for the inaccuracies of the screw.
LO SCOPO DEL TROVATO THE PURPOSE OF THE FOUND
è quello di compensare l'elasticità ed il gioco della vite senza far aprire le ganasce della porzione elasticizzante della vite, fino al carico di sicurezza. is to compensate for the elasticity and play of the screw without opening the jaws of the elasticizing portion of the screw, up to the safety load.
I BREVETTI ESAMINATI SONO I SEGUENTI: PATENTS EXAMINED ARE THE FOLLOWING:
CN207746455: ADJUSTABLE SPANNER NUMERICAL CONTROL MACHINING LATHE= In un tornio a comando numerico, l'imprecisione della vite di comando viene compensata a mezzo di una seconda vite motorizzata. CN207746455: ADJUSTABLE SPANNER NUMERICAL CONTROL MACHINING LATHE = In a numerically controlled lathe, lead screw inaccuracy is compensated by means of a second motorized screw.
CN2076756504: GRINDING MACHINE IS WITH LITTLE FEEDING DEVICE= Non è stato possibile rintracciarlo. CN2076756504: GRINDING MACHINE IS WITH LITTLE FEEDING DEVICE = It could not be found.
ALLO STATO ATTUALE DELLA TECNICA, non era possibile né compensare l'elasticitdell'insieme madre vite/sfere e vite, né il relativo gioco; quindi sotto lo sforzo di lavorazione, si presentava un certo cedimento che viene eliminato col presente trovato. IN THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ART, it was neither possible to compensate for the elasticity of the mother screw / ball and screw assembly, nor for the relative play; therefore, under the working effort, a certain yielding occurred which is eliminated with the present invention.
Veniamo ora ad effettuare l'ESPOSIZIONE DELL'INVENZIONE We now come to carry out the EXPOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Come mostrato in tav. 1, la madre vite si divide orizzontalmente in una parte inferiore (1) fissa al carrello mobile (2) ed una sua parte superiore (3) atta a mantenerla in contatto alla parte fissa (1); sia lo sforzo assiale sulla vite (5), la reazione verticale da suddividere fra le due o quattro molle (4) vale V=Q cotg (a/2) (per a= 60° si ha v=2Q). As shown in pl. 1, the lead screw divides horizontally into a lower part (1) fixed to the mobile carriage (2) and an upper part (3) thereof adapted to keep it in contact with the fixed part (1); both the axial stress on the screw (5), the vertical reaction to be divided between the two or four springs (4) is V = Q cotg (a / 2) (for a = 60 ° we have v = 2Q).
Talché la componente assiale è pari a Q=M [r tg (a+r)] ove M è il momento atto a generare lo spostamento della vite di raggio medio r, r è l'angolo di avanzamento dei filetti della vite; la vite (5) è cava in (8) e di grandi dimensioni, onde assicurare una buona eliminazione del calore di attrito e onde non flettere. So that the axial component is equal to Q = M [r tg (a + r)] where M is the moment suitable for generating the displacement of the screw with an average radius r, r is the advancement angle of the screw threads; the screw (5) is hollow in (8) and of large dimensions, in order to ensure a good elimination of the frictional heat and in order not to bend.
La lubrificazione idrodinamica è dovuta al lubrificante contenuto nel carter (9), tale da portarlo fra le due parti (1 e 3) della madre vite; la lubrificazione idrostatica è dovuta alle tasche (4) poste nella parte inferiore (1) della madre vite (2). The hydrodynamic lubrication is due to the lubricant contained in the casing (9), such as to bring it between the two parts (1 and 3) of the lead screw; the hydrostatic lubrication is due to the pockets (4) located in the lower part (1) of the lead screw (2).
Come illustrato in tav. 2, la madre vite (1/3) muove la tavola della macchina col porta-utensile, mentre la vite (5) è fissata alla macchina: da una parte a mezzo di un insieme di cuscinetti (6), dall'altra estremità i cuscinetti (7) la lasciano libera di espandersi. As illustrated in pl. 2, the lead screw (1/3) moves the machine table with the tool holder, while the screw (5) is fixed to the machine: on one side by means of a set of bearings (6), on the other end i bearings (7) leave it free to expand.
Allo sforzo assiale Qs di sicurezza, le ganasce della madre vite (1/3) si aprono, senza così danneggiare l'accoppiamento con la vite (5), piché le molle (4) cedono sotto il carico di sicurezza Vs=2Qs suddiviso fra le quattro molle (4). At the safety axial force Qs, the jaws of the lead screw (1/3) open, without thus damaging the coupling with the screw (5), since the springs (4) yield under the safety load Vs = 2Qs divided between the four springs (4).
La precisione del dispositivo è quella della vite, che pertanto viene eseguita in materiale col minimo coefficiente di dilatazione, quale l'invar; mentre la madre vite viene eseguita in materiale col minimo coefficiente di attrito, quale il bronzo da bronzine, o il teflon; è sottinteso che, dilatandosi, la madre vite sposterà il maggior carico ai propri estremi; per le molle si consiglia l'acciaio armonico, che presenta la minima isteresi. Nel caso si voglia ottenere la massima precisione, anche la madre vite ed il proprio supporto vengono eseguite in invar, ad evitare spostamenti abnormi della madre vite rfispetto alla struttura della macchina, col cambiare della temperatura; pure la macchina tutta è eseguita con compensazioni delle dilatazioni. The precision of the device is that of the screw, which is therefore made of material with the minimum expansion coefficient, such as invar; while the lead screw is made of material with the minimum coefficient of friction, such as bronze from bushings, or Teflon; it is understood that, expanding, the mother screw will shift the greatest load to its extremes; for springs we recommend harmonic steel, which has the least hysteresis. If you want to obtain maximum precision, also the lead screw and its support are performed in invar, to avoid abnormal displacements of the lead screw with respect to the structure of the machine, as the temperature changes; the whole machine is also performed with expansion compensations.
I VANTAGGI TALI DA GIUSTIFICARE L'ATTIVITA' INVENTIVA E L'INNOVAZIONE, SONO I SEGUENTI: THE ADVANTAGES TO JUSTIFY THE INVENTIVE ACTIVITY AND INNOVATION ARE THE FOLLOWING:
a) viene compensato il gioco assiale dalla pressione della madre vite superiore (1) contro la (3) inferiore; così la rigidezza è di gran lunga superiore a quella della vite a sfere o a rulli. b) La madre vite si divide sulla propria lunghezza i giuochi della vite. a) the axial play is compensated by the pressure of the upper lead screw (1) against the lower (3); thus the stiffness is far superior to that of the ball or roller screw. b) The mother vine divides the games of the vine along its own length.
c) Viene eliminato il calore dall'anima della vite. c) The heat is eliminated from the core of the vine.
d) La lubrificazione idrodinamica e, volendo, la idrostatica, sono assicurate dalla divisione fra le due metà della madre vite (1 e 3) e dalle tasche sulla (3). d) Hydrodynamic lubrication and, if desired, hydrostatics, are ensured by the division between the two halves of the lead screw (1 and 3) and by the pockets on (3).
e) La grande dimensione della madre vite e della vite ne compensano il carico di punta ed il cedimento assiale. e) The large size of the lead screw and of the screw compensate for the peak load and axial yielding.
f) Naturalmente la precisione del sistema è assegnata ad una rettificatrice per filetti di precisione ed alla esecuzione in invar della vite. f) Of course the precision of the system is assigned to a precision thread grinder and to the invar execution of the screw.
g) Le dilatazioni della vite sono diminuite dal raffreddamento attraverso il foro interno. h) L'elasticità ed il grande diametro della madre vite cava, sono tali da diminuirne la concentrazione delle tensioni interne. g) The expansions of the screw are decreased by cooling through the internal hole. h) The elasticity and the large diameter of the hollow lead screw are such as to reduce the concentration of internal tensions.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102019000002503A IT201900002503A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | CONTROL PRECISION SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102019000002503A IT201900002503A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | CONTROL PRECISION SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IT201900002503A1 true IT201900002503A1 (en) | 2020-08-21 |
Family
ID=66641243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102019000002503A IT201900002503A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | CONTROL PRECISION SCREW FOR MACHINE TOOL |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | IT201900002503A1 (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2491543A (en) * | 1948-05-07 | 1949-12-20 | Alfonso Joseph | Release nut |
| DE1077028B (en) * | 1956-03-01 | 1960-03-03 | Friedrich Pongracz | Guide for two-part spindle nut |
| DE1425090A1 (en) * | 1962-12-11 | 1968-12-05 | Porath Gordon H | Guide screw structure |
| JPS63140159A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fine positioning device |
| US5511438A (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 1996-04-30 | Sony Corporation | Positioner |
| CN206756504U (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-12-15 | 深圳市广前电力有限公司 | A kind of detachable power plant's oil sample sampler |
| CN207746455U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-21 | 邵东县金旺五金工具制造有限公司 | A kind of monkey wrench numerical control machine tool |
-
2019
- 2019-02-21 IT IT102019000002503A patent/IT201900002503A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2491543A (en) * | 1948-05-07 | 1949-12-20 | Alfonso Joseph | Release nut |
| DE1077028B (en) * | 1956-03-01 | 1960-03-03 | Friedrich Pongracz | Guide for two-part spindle nut |
| DE1425090A1 (en) * | 1962-12-11 | 1968-12-05 | Porath Gordon H | Guide screw structure |
| JPS63140159A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fine positioning device |
| US5511438A (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 1996-04-30 | Sony Corporation | Positioner |
| CN206756504U (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-12-15 | 深圳市广前电力有限公司 | A kind of detachable power plant's oil sample sampler |
| CN207746455U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-21 | 邵东县金旺五金工具制造有限公司 | A kind of monkey wrench numerical control machine tool |
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