IL33948A - Control standard for use in counting blood cells - Google Patents
Control standard for use in counting blood cellsInfo
- Publication number
- IL33948A IL33948A IL33948A IL3394870A IL33948A IL 33948 A IL33948 A IL 33948A IL 33948 A IL33948 A IL 33948A IL 3394870 A IL3394870 A IL 3394870A IL 33948 A IL33948 A IL 33948A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- fluid suspension
- per cubic
- blood cell
- million
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004820 blood count Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002489 hematologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 101150105814 ERMN gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000005534 hematocrit Methods 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008100 Human Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006905 Human Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930193140 Neomycin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012870 ammonium sulfate precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940089206 anhydrous dextrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004927 neomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002102 polyvinyl toluene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/1031—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects
- G01N15/12—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects by observing changes in resistance or impedance across apertures when traversed by individual particles, e.g. by using the Coulter principle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/96—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood or serum control standard
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/76—Assays involving albumins other than in routine use for blocking surfaces or for anchoring haptens during immunisation
- G01N2333/765—Serum albumin, e.g. HSA
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2496/00—Reference solutions for assays of biological material
- G01N2496/05—Reference solutions for assays of biological material containing blood cells or plasma
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2496/00—Reference solutions for assays of biological material
- G01N2496/10—Reference solutions for assays of biological material containing particles to mimic blood cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing
- Y10T436/101666—Particle count or volume standard or control [e.g., platelet count standards, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing
- Y10T436/105831—Protein or peptide standard or control [e.g., hemoglobin, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing
- Y10T436/107497—Preparation composition [e.g., lysing or precipitation, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing
- Y10T436/108331—Preservative, buffer, anticoagulant or diluent
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
Control standard for counting blood cells BAXTER LABORATORIES, INC.
C:-32257 This invention relates to a control standard for use in the ¾ counting of blood cell particles. More particularly, this invention relates to a composite and unitary hematological control standard for calibrating and checking the accuracy of automatic or manual red blood cell and white blood cell counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin determinations .
Quality control has long been a necessary and routine procedure in clinical chemistry and coagulation laboratories. Accuracy in the counting of red and white blood cells and in the making of hematocrit and hemoglobin determinations of the patient's serum is dependent, in part, upon the use of adequate control standards. Thus, the accuracy of the manual technic of particle counting, such as by the classical method of microscopy, can be checked by giving the technician a so-called "blind" sample, or control standard, containing a known concentration of particles for comparison with the unknown samples for which he is to make determination.
Modern technology has provided numerous types of automatic equipment for particle counting which is gradually replacing the older and more laborious manual techniques. But even these automatic methods of particle counting require constant quality control by the use of control standards since the possibility of malfunctioning of the instrument is ever present. Consequently, the importance of accurate and reliable checks on hematological determinations- that' may be used in the diagnosis of disease speaks for itself and needs no further amplification here.
The traditional method of calibrating automatic particle counting-equipment has consisted of providing a whole blood standard by repeatedly counting such blood by manual hemacytometer techniques to establish its value. The disadvantage of this method is that the standard is usable for only one day and each time a fresh whole blood standard is prepared, the manual co ints must be repeated.
Other conventional methods consist of providing a red blood cell standard in which the red cells have been stabilized by one means or another to prolong their shelf life. However, these methods are not usable for white cell counts in a system which provides for the destruction of the red cells by a lysing agent prior to counting of the white cells.
Still other methods consist of substituting simulated cell particle in suspension, for example, polystyrene latex particles, in place of natural blood cells. These methods have not been very satisfactory, however, since it has been too difficult heretofore to suitably suspend sufficient particles in the carrier liquid.
Various other approaches to the problem of providing control standards for blood cell particle counting are described in recent U. S. Patents 3, 406, 121 and 3, 412, 037, and in recent British Patents 1, 129, 873 and 1,- 131, 690. ' . It is an object of the present invention to provide- a new and improved control standard for use in the counting of blood cell particles.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a composite and unitary hematological control standard for calibrating and checking the accuracy of automatic or manual red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin determinations.
These and other objects will be apparent to the person skilled in' the art after reading the disclosure hereof.
Bri efly stated, the objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a hematological control standard which comprises a fluid suspension of a known amount of serum albumin containing pre determined amounts of washed red blood cells and synthetic latex particles having a particle size ranging from about 5 to about 15 microns, said fluid suspension having a specific gravity and viscosity similar to normal blood serum.
The hematological control standard of this invention provides users of automated instruments with control for red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin determinations all in a single product, thereby eliminating the need for separate control standards for red blood cell counts and white blood cell counts as used heretofore. The control standard has a shelf life of at least four weeks, which can be extended by fixing or stabilizing the viable red cells by known methods. It has been found that in this control standard there is only about a one percent hematocrit, decrease per week, due to the natural shrinkage of the red blood cells, and virtually no hemolysis." The synthetic latex particles used in the control standard of this invention are generally spherical in shape, they have a relatively uniform size of from about 5 to about 15 microns, which approximates the relative size of the normal leukocytes, or white cells, and are preferably employed in the fluid suspension at a concentration of from about 5, 000 to about 10, 000 particles per cubic millimeter, which is the approximate count in normal blood.
These latex particles can comprise polystyrene, polyvinyltoluene and/or styrene -divinylbenzene copolymer latex and the like synthetic polmeric latex materials of suitable particle size.
A The styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer* latex particles a rc pre ferred for use in this invention. These latex particles arc visible under the microscope under conventional magnifications at 10X and 4 OX, they are inert to the usual red cell lysing agents, such as acetic acid and various detergent substances, and otherwise provide suitable simulation of the white blood cells in the control standard of this invention.
The washed red blood cells are preferably employed in the control standard at a concentration of from about 3 million to about 5 million per cubic millimeter, which approximates the count in nor-mal blood. These washed cells are preferably obtained from 1 to 24 day old human whole blood, although any fresh red cells or viable red cells which have not been lysed can be used. Careful and thorough washing of the blood cells after separation from the plasma, such as by saline washing and/or washing in Alsevers solution, followed by filtering to remove any residual white blood cells, is desirable. As used herein, the term "washed" red blood cells refers to red blood cells which have been separated from the other constiuents of whole blood >y the above methods or by any other conventional method of separating red blood cells from contaminating substances.
The serum albumin is employed in the control standard of this invention to provide a proteinaceous medium closely resembling plasma in consistency. Serum albumin also has been found to provide a suitable medium for suspension of the latex particles in the control standard of this invention without necessity of employing any of the other normal serum proteins. The serum albumin can be obtained from whole plasma by alcohol fractionation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and any other such conventional procedures for preparing se rum albumin.
Fro nt a bout 2 percent to about 5 percent, and preferabl y about per cent, by weight o f al bu m i n i : : gene rally conta ined in U io control H l.a.nda rd flu id s iufpe-n.s ion of Li u'.;; invention. Whe n the wa sh d red on] I ; : and la te particles, at approximately the normal particle cou nU; of red and white cells as hereinbefore stated, are suspended in an aqueous solution of the albumin at a pH of about 6, the control standard fluid suspension is found to v ery closely resemble normal blood serum in specific gravity and viscosity.
It is preferable to additionally include in the control standard a s mall but effective amount of antibiotic or preservative, for example, teramycin, neomycin, sodium azide, and the like antibiotics or pre servatives, for their biocidal effects . About one percent by weight of antibiotic or preservative in the final product is suitable for this purpose.
The hematological control standard of this invention can be used for both automatic and manual particle counting techniques as hereinbefore stated. The automatic equipment to which the control standard is adapted is of great diversity. In general, one or the other of two types of particle size analysis equipment is employed. In one type, each particle is counted and its discrimination property is measured directly. In the other type, the particles are measured in bulk and particle behavior is recorded through a series of measure ments of the magnitude of the bulk, in terms of the count, combined surface area or combined mass . The type of measurement used then determines the basis of the size distribution.
Optical and electrical properties are two of the most prevalent types of size discriminating properties employed in the particle size analysis equipment to which the control standard of this invention is adapted. The optical equipment can employ imaging, spectral trans mission, scattering and diffraction mechanisms, while the electrical equipment can employ resistance, capacitance, and charge mechanisms.
A specific suitable example of an instrument useful with the control standard of this invention is the "Coulter Electronic Blood Cell Counter" and similar such equipment as described, for example, in U. S. Patents 2, 656, 508, 2, 869, 078, 2, 985, 830 and 3, 340, 470.
This particular instrument discriminates among particles by how they affect the electrical resistance of the fluid medium containing the particles in suspension as they pass through an orifice.
Other examples of apparatus which can be calibrated by the control standard of this invention are the "Technicon Instruments' AutoAnalyzers" and similar such equipment as described, for example, Patent SH, 573. in U. S. Application Serial No. 127, 500, filed January 25, 106&: This apparatus provides a support for a plurality of whole blood samples which are sequentially diluted, a flow cell of small crosssection through which the volume of diluted blood is passed, illuminated optical means coupled to the flow cell for detecting the passage of individual cells therethrough and providing an output pulse signal in response thereto, and electronic means for receiving and- totaling the number of pulses per unit of time and providing an output signal.
Various other conventional types of particle counting instruments which employ the metering of a sample of the particle -containing suspension past a scanning point in the detecting system will be apparent In the use of the control standard in calibrating or checking the accuracy of the above or similar such equipment, the flu d suspensi on is mixed well prior to its use to ensure good dispersion and prevent the pa rticle s ize;:; .from being indicated too large and si/.c distribu tion too w ide. The consistency of the fluid suspension of the control sta n ¬ dard of tin's invention as described hereinbefore is capable of retaining the particles in suspension without appreciable loss of particles by settlement during the usual calibration procedures on equipment such as described herein. Excellent calibration can be achieved when every fifth sample used in these instruments is the control standard of this invention. The employment of this control standard in place of an unknown blood sample at other predetermined periodic and regular intervals will similarly provide suitable calibration of various other instruments .
After making the cell counts, calculation of the red blood cell indicies can be made by the following formulas : (a) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is the average of the indi¬ vidual red blood cell.
Hematocrit (percent) X 1 0 = MCV (in cubic microns) " red blood cell count (in millions) (b) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) is the average weight of hemoglobin in the individtial red blood cell.
Hemoglobin (g. / lOO ml. ) X 10 = MCH (in micrograms) red blood cell count (in millions) (c) Mean, corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is the percent of hemoglobin in the average red cell.
Hemoglobin (g. / 100 ml. ) X 100 - MCHC (in percent) Hematocrit (percent) The following example further illustrates the invention herein although the invention is not limited to this specific example. All parts and percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise specifically stated.
Example Whole human blood containing anticoagulant is centrifuged and the supernatant plasma is aspirated. Saline (an aqueous solution of 1. 2% aCl) is added to the packed cells in an amount sufficient to replace the volume of separated plasma. The packed cells are thoroughly mixed with saline and centrifuged again. This saline washing and centrifugation is repeated two more times.
The packed cells are then similarly washed three times with a modified Alsevers solution, pH 7. 0, made-up by dissolving in one liter of water, 20. 5 grams of anhydrous dextrose, 8. 0 grams of sodium citrate · 2H2O, 4. 2 grams of sodium chloride and 5. 2 ml. of an aqueous one percent citric acid solution. After the third washing with the modified Alsevers solution, the red cells are again spun down and the supernatant is extracted.
About 40-50% by volume of an aqueous solution of 6 percent by weight human serum albumin in modified Alsevers solution (as described above) is then added to the washed red blood cells. The fluid suspension is then adjusted to a concentration of about 5 million red cells per cubic millimeter and 3 percent by weight of albumin.
Latex particles of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a particle size range of 6 to 14 microns and an average particle size of 7. 6 microns are then added to a count of about 10, 000 particles per cubic mi l limeter". The final product s then filled into bottles of 10 , 20 and 50 ml. s ize and is ready for use in calibration and checking the ac curacy of automatic and manual blood cell counting instru ments as des cribed hereinbefore. The specific gravity of the final product is similar to that of normal blood serum (about 1. 03 ) and its vis cos ity, as determined by its flow and other handling characteristics, vex-y closely resembles that of normal blood serum.
Variovis other examples and modifications of the foregoing example will be apparent to the person skilled in the art after reading the invention described herein and defined in the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such further examples and modifications of the foregoing example are included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. 33948/2 C IMS 1« A fluid suspension constituting a hematological control standard for the calibration of blood cell counting apparatus consisting of a known amount of serum albumin containing predetermined amounts of washed red blood cells and synthetic latex particles having a particle size ranging from about 5 to 15 microns, said fluid suspension having a specific gravity and viscosity similar to.normal blood serum.
2. The fluid suspension of J&aim 1 in which the concentration of serum albumin is from about 2 percent to about 5 percent by weight, the red blood csll ^ount is from about 3 million to about 5 million per cubic millimeter and the latex particle count is from about 5 000 to about 10,000 per cubic millimeter*
3. The method of making a hematological control standard according to Claim 1 for the calibration of blood cell counting apparatus comprising the steps of admixing predetermined amounts of washed red blood cells and. synthetic latex particles having a particle size range of from about 5 to about 15 microns in a fluid suspension of a known amount of serum albumin. .
4. The method of Claim 3 in which the concentration of serum albumin in the fluid suspension is from about 2 percent to about 5 percent by weight, the red blood cell count is from about 3 million to about 5 million per cubic millimeter and the latex particle count is from about 5,000 to about 10,000 per cubic millimeter.
5. The method of calibrating automatic blood cell counting apparatus comprising substituting the fluid suspension of Claim 1 in place of a unknown blood sample in said apparatus at redetermined eriodic and re ular intervals.
6. The method of Claim 5 in which the concentration of ;;ermn a lbumin in the fluid suspension is from about 2 percent to about 5 percent by weight, the red blood cell count is from about 3 million to about 5 million per cubic millimeter and the latex particle count is from about 5, 000 to about 10, 000 per cubic millimeter.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US80468169A | 1969-03-05 | 1969-03-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IL33948A0 IL33948A0 (en) | 1970-04-20 |
| IL33948A true IL33948A (en) | 1973-04-30 |
Family
ID=25189561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL33948A IL33948A (en) | 1969-03-05 | 1970-02-23 | Control standard for use in counting blood cells |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3558522A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS4940928B1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE746068A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2007843A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2037585A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1300827A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL33948A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE377966B (en) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3920580A (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1975-11-18 | Miles Lab | Liquid control solution |
| US3873467A (en) * | 1974-02-01 | 1975-03-25 | United Medical Lab Inc | Hematologic reference control |
| US3977995A (en) * | 1974-10-17 | 1976-08-31 | Baxter Laboratories, Inc. | Calibrating fluid for blood cell counting and hemoglobin determination |
| US3962125A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1976-06-08 | Coulter Diagnostics, Inc. | Multi-purpose diluent for use in blood analysis by electronic instrumentation of the coulter type |
| US4020006A (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1977-04-26 | Icl/Scientific | Fluid containing dispersed particles simulating leukocytes and method for producing same |
| US3973913A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1976-08-10 | Louderback Allan Lee | Blood control standard |
| US4076419A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-02-28 | Kleker Richard G | Method and apparatus for hematology |
| US4179398A (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1979-12-18 | ICN Medical Laboratories, Inc. | Platelet control composition |
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| US4324687A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1982-04-13 | Louderback Allan Lee | Blood biochemistry control standard |
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| US4704364A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1987-11-03 | Coulter Electronics, Inc. | Hematology control compositions for three populations of leukocytes; and methods for their preparation and use in whole blood control systems |
| US5039487A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1991-08-13 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods for quantifying components in liquid samples |
| US4950455A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1990-08-21 | Board Of Regents, University Of Texas System | Apparatus for quantifying components in liquid samples |
| JPH026616U (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1990-01-17 | ||
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| US6362003B1 (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 2002-03-26 | Coulter Corporation | Hematological reference control composition containing leukocyte analogs, methods of making, and uses thereof |
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| US6509192B1 (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 2003-01-21 | Coulter International Corp. | Quality control method |
| US5605837A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-02-25 | Lifescan, Inc. | Control solution for a blood glucose monitor |
| US6221668B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-04-24 | Streck Laboratories, Inc. | Hematology control and system for multi-parameter hematology measurements |
| US6200500B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-13 | Streck Laboratories, Inc. | Hematology control and system for multi-parameter hematology measurements |
| US6569682B2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-05-27 | Coulter International Corp. | Hematology control product with increased closed vial stability |
| US6723563B2 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2004-04-20 | Streck Laboratories Inc. | Hematology reference control |
| US6653137B2 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2003-11-25 | Streck Laboratories Inc. | Hematology reference control |
-
1969
- 1969-03-05 US US804681A patent/US3558522A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-02-17 BE BE746068D patent/BE746068A/en unknown
- 1970-02-20 DE DE19702007843 patent/DE2007843A1/en active Pending
- 1970-02-23 GB GB8605/70A patent/GB1300827A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-02-23 IL IL33948A patent/IL33948A/en unknown
- 1970-03-03 SE SE7002813A patent/SE377966B/xx unknown
- 1970-03-04 JP JP45017990A patent/JPS4940928B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-03-09 FR FR7007695A patent/FR2037585A5/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1300827A (en) | 1972-12-20 |
| SE377966B (en) | 1975-08-04 |
| IL33948A0 (en) | 1970-04-20 |
| BE746068A (en) | 1970-07-31 |
| US3558522A (en) | 1971-01-26 |
| JPS4940928B1 (en) | 1974-11-06 |
| DE2007843A1 (en) | 1970-09-24 |
| FR2037585A5 (en) | 1970-12-31 |
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