IE47645B1 - Heat-recoverable metallic coupling members - Google Patents
Heat-recoverable metallic coupling membersInfo
- Publication number
- IE47645B1 IE47645B1 IE69/79A IE6979A IE47645B1 IE 47645 B1 IE47645 B1 IE 47645B1 IE 69/79 A IE69/79 A IE 69/79A IE 6979 A IE6979 A IE 6979A IE 47645 B1 IE47645 B1 IE 47645B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- coupling member
- center
- heat
- tooth
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
- B23P11/02—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits
- B23P11/025—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits by using heat or cold
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/004—Shrunk pipe-joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
- F16B2200/77—Use of a shape-memory material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
A coupling member comprises a tubular memory metal member which is heat-shrinkable or can be rendered heat-shrinkable in the radial direction, and which is provided on its inner surface with at least three teeth in the form of radially extending rings, the distance (t) between any pair of adjacent teeth being less than 0.95 d and less than 4 w, where d is the internal diameter of the tubular member, and w is the wall thickness of the tubular member, there being at least one tooth either side of the tooth nearest the center of the tubular member the distance from the center of the member to the tooth nearest the center of the member being from 0 to 0.3 d and the distance between the two teeth adjacent the tooth nearest the center of the member being more than the smaller of 0.4 d and 3 w. Such a coupling member can be expanded by mandrel expansion methods without danger of damaging the teeth.
Description
This invention relates to heat-recoverable metallic couplings as described in, for example, O.S. Patents Nos. 4,035,007 and 3,805,567 and German Offenlegungschrift· No. 2,448,160, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. The known monolithic couplings comprise a heat-recoverable tubular member which recovers directly onto the substrates to be coupled. The member is preferably provided on its inner surface with at least two teeth which are in the form of radially extending rings. The function of these teeth is to grip and/or seal to the substrates when the member is recovered, and they are therefore spaced away from the center of the member, leaving the center section of the inner surface free of teeth (indeed the center section has often been provided with a recess such that the ends of the tubings being coupled do not touch the coupling at any point).
The conventional method of preparing such monolithic couplings is to drive a tempered mandrel through the coupling while the metal is in the martensitic state. However, a disadvantage of this method is that the mandrel can score or otherwise damage one or more of the teeth in a way which allows the installed coupling to leak. We have now discovered a novel coupling member in which teeth are so disposed on the inner surface of the member that the likelihood of damage to the teeth by the mandrel is substantially reduced. In particular we have discovered that, contrary to the accepted teaching in the art as represented bv u.S. Patent No. 4,035,007, it is advantageous that the center section of the coupling member should be provided with a tooth, especially when the distance between the innermost gripping teeth defining the center section is relatively large. -247645 In one aspect, the invention provides a coupling member which comprises a hollow, generally tubular member composed of a memory metal, which member is heat-shrinkable in the radial direction or can be rendered heat-shrinkable in the radial direction, and which is provided on its inner surface with at least three teeth in the form of radially extending rings, the distance (t) between any pair of adjacent teeth having a value which is less than 0.95 d and less than 4 w, where d is the internal diameter of the tubular member and w is the wall thickness of the tubular member, there being at least one tooth either side of the tooth nearest the center of the tubular member, the distance from the center of the member to the tooth nearest the center of the member being from 0 to 0.3 d, and the distance (p) between the two teeth adjacent the tooth nearest the center of the member being more than the smaller of 0.4 d and 3 w (i.e. p is greater than 0.4 d if 0.4 d is less than 3 w, and p is greater than 3 w if 0.4 d is more than 3 w).
The term memory metal is used herein to denote a metallic material which exists in an austenitic phase at a first temperature and in a martensitic phase at a second temperature lower that the first temperature, which material, when cooled from a first temperature at which it is in a first configuration and is in the austenitic phase to a temperature at which it is in the martensitic phase, can be deformed to a second configuration which it will maintain until it is reheated to a temperature at which it is in the austenitic phase, whereupon it will recover towards the first configuration. The memory metals used in the present invention are preferably alloys comprising nickel and titanium. -347645 Xn another aspect, the invention provides a method of preparing a heat-shrinkable coupling member as defined above, which method comprises driving a tapered mandrel through a coupling member as defined above which can be rendered heat-shrinkable, thereby effecting radial expansion of the member while the memory metal thereof is in the martensitic phase.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of coupling together a pair of substrates which comprises placing the ends of the substrates within a heatshrinkable coupling member as defined above, and heating the coupling member to cause shrinkage thereof. The substrates should of course be positioned and sized so that when the coupling member has shrunk, at least one of the teeth grips each of the substrates.
The less the distance (t) between any pair of adjacent teeth, the less is the danger that the mandrel will damage the teeth. The distance t is generally at most 0.8 d, preferably at most 0.75 d, especially at most 0.7 d, particularly at most 0.6 d. The internal diameter of the member between the teeth is generally less than 3 inches e.g. 1 to 2.5 inches, but can be much greater. The height of the teeth (h) is generally from 0.015 d to 0.02 d. The wall thickness (w) of the member is generally not more than 0.45 d, for example 0.1 d to 0.4 d, preferably 0.2 d to 0.35 d, e.g. 0.23 d to 0.33 d. -447848 The distance (p) between the two teeth adjacent the tooth nearest the center of the member is usually at least 0.6 <3, preferably at least 0.75 d, for example at least 0.80 d or 0.9 d. The couplings will usually comprise at least two teeth either side of the tooth nearest the center of the member, and will usually be symmetrical about the mid-point thereof (i.e. have a tooth at the center thereof).
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which the Figure is a cross-section of a coupling member according to the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A coupling member which comprises a hollow, (as hereinbefore defined) generally tubular member composed of a memory metal,/which member is heat-shrinkable in the radial direction or can be 5 rendered heat-shrinkable in the radial direction, and which is provided on its inner surface with at least three teeth in the form of radially extending rings, characterised in that (i) the distance (t) between any pair of adjacent teeth is less than 0.95 d and less than 4 w, where d is the 10 internal diameter of the tubular member and w is the wall thickness of the tubular member; (ii) there is at least one tooth either side of the tooth nearest the center of the tubular member; (iii) the distance from the center of the member to the tooth nearest the center of the member is from 15 0 to 0.3 d; and (iv) the distance (p) between the two teeth adjacent the tooth nearest the center of the member is more than the smaller of 0.4 d and 3 w.
2. A coupling member according to Claim 1, characterised in that w is 0.1 d to 0.4 d, t is at most 20 0.7 d and p is at least 0.75 d.
3. A coupling member according to Claim 2, characterised in that w is 0.2 d to 0.35 d, t is at most 0.6 d, p is at least 0.8 d and the height of each of the teeth is 0.015 d to 0.02 d. 25
4. A coupling member according to Claim 3^ characterised in that w is 0.23 d to 0.33 d, t is at most 0.6 d and p is at least 0.9 d. -647645
5. A coupling member according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that it has a tooth at the center thereof and at least two teeth either side of the central tooth. 5
6. A coupling member according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that said memory metal is an alloy comprising nickel and titanium.
7. A method of making a heat-shrinkable coupling member as defined in any one of the preceding claims
8. 10 characterised by driving a tapered mandrel through a coupling member as defined in any one of the preceding claims which can be rendered heat-shrinkable, thereby effecting radial expansion of the member while the memory metal thereof is in the martensitic state. 15 8. A method of coupling together a pair of substrates which comprises placing the ends of the substrates within a heat-shrinkable coupling member composed of a memory metal and heating the coupling member to cause it to shrink and engage the substrates, characterised by 20 using a heat-shrinkable coupling member as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86972078A | 1978-01-16 | 1978-01-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE790069L IE790069L (en) | 1979-07-16 |
| IE47645B1 true IE47645B1 (en) | 1984-05-16 |
Family
ID=25354132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE69/79A IE47645B1 (en) | 1978-01-16 | 1979-01-16 | Heat-recoverable metallic coupling members |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54148960A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7900242A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1101463A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2901536A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2414677A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2012384B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE47645B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1110021B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7900096A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO144078C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3007307A1 (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-07-23 | BBC AG Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau | Detachable shrunk joint - uses shape memory alloy with two=way effect |
| US4639802A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1987-01-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Shrink ring for disk clamping |
| DE8432062U1 (en) * | 1984-11-02 | 1985-03-07 | kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover | Plug connection for line pipes for the transport of deep-frozen media |
| US4913386A (en) * | 1987-12-12 | 1990-04-03 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd. | Fixing apparatus for fixing tubular members allowing fluid to pass therethrough |
| DE3813854A1 (en) * | 1988-04-23 | 1989-11-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Connecting rod with a pressure body and a strap retainer |
| JPH0322192U (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-03-06 | ||
| CN105276318A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-27 | 成都长江热缩材料有限公司 | Firm connecting pipe sleeve based on heat sealing layer |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1022743B (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1978-04-20 | Raychem Corp | PARTICULARLY COMPOSED COUPLING FOR HYDRAULIC CONDUCTOR |
| AU483233B2 (en) * | 1975-04-01 | 1975-06-19 | Raychem Corporation | Heat recoverable hollow article |
| JPS587042B2 (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1983-02-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Kotaiden Atsugataseitokuseisa Mista |
| GB1580036A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1980-11-26 | Raychem Corp | Heat-recoverable composite coupling devices |
-
1979
- 1979-01-05 NL NL7900096A patent/NL7900096A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-01-12 FR FR7900781A patent/FR2414677A1/en active Granted
- 1979-01-15 GB GB791377A patent/GB2012384B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-15 NO NO790120A patent/NO144078C/en unknown
- 1979-01-15 BR BR7900242A patent/BR7900242A/en unknown
- 1979-01-16 JP JP380379A patent/JPS54148960A/en active Granted
- 1979-01-16 IE IE69/79A patent/IE47645B1/en unknown
- 1979-01-16 CA CA319,679A patent/CA1101463A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-16 IT IT19347/79A patent/IT1110021B/en active
- 1979-01-16 DE DE19792901536 patent/DE2901536A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7900242A (en) | 1979-08-14 |
| NL7900096A (en) | 1979-07-18 |
| IE790069L (en) | 1979-07-16 |
| DE2901536A1 (en) | 1979-07-19 |
| GB2012384A (en) | 1979-07-25 |
| CA1101463A (en) | 1981-05-19 |
| NO790120L (en) | 1979-07-17 |
| GB2012384B (en) | 1982-03-10 |
| FR2414677A1 (en) | 1979-08-10 |
| NO144078B (en) | 1981-03-09 |
| IT7919347A0 (en) | 1979-01-16 |
| JPS54148960A (en) | 1979-11-21 |
| IT1110021B (en) | 1985-12-23 |
| NO144078C (en) | 1981-06-17 |
| FR2414677B1 (en) | 1984-05-18 |
| JPS6222002B2 (en) | 1987-05-15 |
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