GB870349A - Method and apparatus for the separation of gas mixtures - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the separation of gas mixtures

Info

Publication number
GB870349A
GB870349A GB35972/58A GB3597258A GB870349A GB 870349 A GB870349 A GB 870349A GB 35972/58 A GB35972/58 A GB 35972/58A GB 3597258 A GB3597258 A GB 3597258A GB 870349 A GB870349 A GB 870349A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
exchanger
path
column
paths
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB35972/58A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Joy Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Joy Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joy Manufacturing Co filed Critical Joy Manufacturing Co
Publication of GB870349A publication Critical patent/GB870349A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F25J3/04357—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen and comprising a gas work expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

870,349. Cold separation of gas mixtures. JOY MANUFACTURING CO. Nov. 10, 1958 [Nov. 14, 1957], No. 35972/58. Class 8(2). In a method of separating readily condensible impurities from a gas mixture e.g., air prior to its rectification in a column 72 to produce a substantially pure product e.g., nitrogen comprising cooling compressed air in one or other of paths 16, 18 in heat exchangers 20, 22 in countercurrent to cold nitrogen in paths 86 or 88 then interrupting said air and nitrogen flows and passing a reverse flow of effluent nitrogen in say path 18, warm high pressure nitrogen is passed through a third path 102 of the exchanger being derimed and of such heat content as to sublime the condensed impurities. The cold and warm nitrogen paths are included in a refrigeration cycle comprising an expansion engine 70 exhausting a minor portion of nitrogen through a line 126, one or other of paths 86, 88 of exchangers 20, 22 to the intake of a compressor 76 where it is joined by the remaining major portion of the engine exhaust after having liquefied high pressure nitrogen in an exchanger 120 and effected preliminary cooling of said nitrogen in an exchanger 78. The minor portion of the warm compressed nitrogen issuing from compressor 76 traverses a path 114 of exchanger 78 after which it is joined by the remainder after having traversed one or other of paths 100, 102 of the exchanger being derimed, and a major portion of the combined streams passes to the intake of the expansion engine whilst the remainder traverses a path 156 of exchanger 120 where it is liquefied before beingfed through a line 158 to the column 72. Make-up for the cycle is provided by the column through a line 128. An operation change-over of exchangers 20, 22 is effected by a conventional valve arrangement once an hour, but since the warm high pressure nitrogen flow is designed to provide more heat than is necessary the flow through path 100 or 102 is shut off five minutes short of the hour and the cold nitrogen stream is allowed to flow through say path 88 of exchanger 22 near the end of its deriming period as well as through path 86 of the exchanger 20 in use, whereby exchanger 22 due to be put into use is cooled at all points to substantially those temperatures which subsist after the air flow is established therein. Low pressure liquid nitrogen product is withdrawn through a duct 188 and valve 228 whereas gaseous nitrogen product is withdrawn through ducts 189, 220 a path 222 of exchanger 78 and a line 224. The pressure of product liquid or gaseous nitrogen may be increased by a pump 212. In a modification for the production of oxygen using a conventional double column 225, Fig. 2 (not shown), the nitrogen liquefied in exchanger 120, instead of being fed direct to the column gives up its cold in a fourth exchanger to the incoming air stream just prior to its entry into the column.
GB35972/58A 1957-11-14 1958-11-10 Method and apparatus for the separation of gas mixtures Expired GB870349A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US870349XA 1957-11-14 1957-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB870349A true GB870349A (en) 1961-06-14

Family

ID=22202739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB35972/58A Expired GB870349A (en) 1957-11-14 1958-11-10 Method and apparatus for the separation of gas mixtures

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR1214369A (en)
GB (1) GB870349A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0607979A1 (en) 1993-01-21 1994-07-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Single column cryogenic rectification system for producing nitrogen gas at elevated pressure and high purity
JP2015190718A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Air separation equipment and starting method of the same
WO2022179748A1 (en) 2021-02-25 2022-09-01 Linde Gmbh Process and plant for providing compressed nitrogen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1100661B (en) * 1958-06-06 1961-03-02 Linde S Eismaschinen Ag Zweign Method and device for cooling and cleaning a raw gas in the heat exchange with colder gas

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0607979A1 (en) 1993-01-21 1994-07-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Single column cryogenic rectification system for producing nitrogen gas at elevated pressure and high purity
EP0607979B1 (en) * 1993-01-21 1998-08-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. Single column cryogenic rectification system for producing nitrogen gas at elevated pressure and high purity
JP2015190718A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Air separation equipment and starting method of the same
WO2022179748A1 (en) 2021-02-25 2022-09-01 Linde Gmbh Process and plant for providing compressed nitrogen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1214369A (en) 1960-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB768923A (en) Improvements in the low temperature separation of gas mixtures
GB642587A (en) Method and apparatus for deriming a countercurrent heat exchanger to remove impurities deposited therein by a gaseous mixture
GB647654A (en) Improvements in or relating to the purification of gaseous mixtures and apparatus therefor
GB903462A (en) Improvements in or relating to the rectification of gas mixtures
GB931371A (en) Improvements in liquefaction of gases
GB1096781A (en) Improvements in refrigeration
GB899171A (en) Fractionation of gaseous mixtures
US2825212A (en) Process for separating a compressed gas mixture
US3233418A (en) Apparatus for liquefying helium
GB929798A (en) Low temperature separation of air
GB870349A (en) Method and apparatus for the separation of gas mixtures
GB1023558A (en) Process and apparatus for the manufacture of substantially pure hydrogen and hydrogen-nitrogen mixture
GB900438A (en) Improvements in the cold separation of gas mixtures
GB884971A (en) Low-temperature purification of an impurity-containing gas
GB930682A (en) Improvements in and relating to the low temperature separation of gases
US2089543A (en) Method and apparatus for separation of gaseous mixtures
US3094402A (en) Process for the separation of air
GB894558A (en) Improvements in low temperature purification of gases
GB804944A (en) Process and apparatus for the low temperature separation of air
US1961201A (en) Process for separating mixed gases by liquefaction
GB946009A (en) Improvements in the cold separation of gas mixtures
GB873176A (en) Improvements in or relating to method and apparatus for separating a gaseous mixture
GB865660A (en) Improvements in or relating to separation of gaseous mixtures
GB824159A (en) Process of and apparatus for low-temperature separation of air
GB727911A (en) Improvements in or relating to the separation of one or more constituents of a gaseous mixture