GB618787A - Production of optical elements - Google Patents
Production of optical elementsInfo
- Publication number
- GB618787A GB618787A GB21260/46A GB2126046A GB618787A GB 618787 A GB618787 A GB 618787A GB 21260/46 A GB21260/46 A GB 21260/46A GB 2126046 A GB2126046 A GB 2126046A GB 618787 A GB618787 A GB 618787A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- screen
- light
- sector
- axis
- mould
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0888—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using transparant moulds
- B29C35/0894—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using transparant moulds provided with masks or diaphragms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00038—Production of contact lenses
- B29D11/00125—Auxiliary operations, e.g. removing oxygen from the mould, conveying moulds from a storage to the production line in an inert atmosphere
- B29D11/00134—Curing of the contact lens material
- B29D11/00153—Differential curing, e.g. by differential radiation
- B29D11/00163—Movable masks or shutters, e.g. to vary the exposure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00432—Auxiliary operations, e.g. machines for filling the moulds
- B29D11/00442—Curing the lens material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0026—Transparent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Optical elements which possess an axis of reference such that the thickness of the element <PICT:0618787/IV(a)/1> <PICT:0618787/IV(a)/2> measured parallel to the said axis at all points in the element at a given distance from the said axis is substantially constant are prepared by subjecting a liquid polymerizable monomeric compound having the group >C=C<, or a liquid partial polymer derived therefrom, to the polymerizing action of light in a transparent mould giving the shape of the said optical element until a solid body is formed, the average quantity of light falling per unit time upon the said monomer or partial polymer being controlled according to the equation Qx=ktx (1-Kx) wherein Qx is the average quantity of light falling per unit time upon the polymerizable compound at a distance x in the centre of the optical element from the said axis of reference, tx is the thickness of the material being polymerized, measured in the direction of the incident light, at the same distance x, k is an arbitrary constant and K has any positive value greater than O and less than 1/r, where r is the maximum value of x, that is, the semi-diameter of the optical element. If the light is not parallel to or symmetrical about the axis of reference there will be several values of tx for each value of x and then an average tx is taken. Usually K is about 1/10 r but is chosen by trial and error to be the value giving a bubble free casting, while Wx is related to a small unit of time such as a minute or second. Monomers specified are acrylic and methacrylic acids, methyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 2,2,2,-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, fluoroacrylic esters with fluorinated alcohols, styrene, vinyl acetate, allyl methacrylate, diallyl fumarate. Low molecular weight polymethyl methacrylate, obtained by malaxating higher polymers on hot rolls, or by polymerizing the monomer in the presence of a large amount of catalyst or in the presence of a chain ending compound such as turpentine, as well as mixtures of monomer and polymer may be used. Photopolymerization catalysts such as glycollic aldehyde; benzoin; acetoin; butyroin; 12 - hydroxy - 13 - ketotetracosane; o, and p tert. butyltoluin, benzoin methyl ether; benzoin ethyl ether; benzoin propyl ether; pivaloin ethyl ether; anisoin methyl ether; diacetyl; pentadione-2,3; octadione-2,3; 1 - phenyl - butadione - 1,2; benzil; 2,2-dimethyl-4-phenylbutanedione-3,4; glyoxal; phenyl-glyoxal; diphenyl triketone; and 1,2-cyclohexanedione may be used with or without an organic peroxide such as benzoyl, lauroyl, acetyl, and butyroyl peroxides or heat and light active catalysts such as a ,a 1-azodiisobutyronitrile; a ,a 1-azo bis-(a ,g -dimethylvaleronitrile); dimethyl and diethyl a ,a 1-azodiisobutyrates; 1,11-azodicyclohexanocarbonitrile; a ,a 1-azobis-(a -ethylbutyronitrile); a ,a 1-azobis-(a -ethylbutyronitrile); and a ,a 1-azodiisobutyrocarbonamide. Control of Qx may be effected by having an excised or transparent sector in an opaque screen which is interposed between the source of light and the mould, the sector covering all parts at which, using polar co-ordinates, <FORM:0618787/IV(a)/1> , taking the centre of the screen as origin and any radius of the disc as the x axis. The screen may have more than one sector of the required shape, there being relative rotation between the screen and mould. A photographic plate may be placed behind the screen so that on exposure with relative rotation of the screen and plate a negative is obtained, the positives of which having a circular area allowing the controlled amount of light Qx to pass, relative rotation between the mould and such a positive being unnecessary. Allowance is made in the sector for the forming of a flash for the optical element. In Figs. 1 and 2 the parabolic reflector 1 containing a lamp is mounted over an opaque screen 2 having an accurately cut sector 3. Below the screen is a mould made of two halves 4 and 5 separated by a gasket 8 and mounted on a turntable 9 rotatable by the spindle 10. The portion 13 of the sector 3 allows for polymerization of the flash. A graded diffusion screen may be interposed between the lamp and the screen to give a uniformly bright source.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB21260/46A GB618787A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1946-07-16 | Production of optical elements |
FR952308D FR952308A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1947-08-25 | Manufacture of optical elements |
GB6421/48A GB636379A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1948-03-01 | Production of shaped optical elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB21260/46A GB618787A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1946-07-16 | Production of optical elements |
GB6421/48A GB636379A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1948-03-01 | Production of shaped optical elements |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB618787A true GB618787A (en) | 1949-02-28 |
Family
ID=37907658
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB21260/46A Expired GB618787A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1946-07-16 | Production of optical elements |
GB6421/48A Expired GB636379A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1948-03-01 | Production of shaped optical elements |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB6421/48A Expired GB636379A (en) | 1946-07-16 | 1948-03-01 | Production of shaped optical elements |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR952308A (en) |
GB (2) | GB618787A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4166088A (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1979-08-28 | Neefe Charles W | Method of making high quality plastic lenses |
GB2155940A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-10-02 | Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved | Method for the polymerization of monomer mixtures in the production of contact lenses by centrifugal casting |
EP0439394A2 (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-07-31 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL Compagnie Générale d'Optique | Process for the production of an artificial ophthalmic lens, and corresponding artificial ophthalmic lens |
FR2669265A2 (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1992-05-22 | Essilor Int | Method for the manufacture of an artificial optical lens, and corresponding artificial optical lens |
WO1998028126A2 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Innotech, Inc. | Polymeric processing system for producing ophthalmic lenses |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2657294B1 (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1992-11-27 | Essilor Int | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AN ARTIFICIAL OPTICAL LENS, AND CORRESPONDING ARTIFICIAL OPTICAL LENS. |
-
1946
- 1946-07-16 GB GB21260/46A patent/GB618787A/en not_active Expired
-
1947
- 1947-08-25 FR FR952308D patent/FR952308A/en not_active Expired
-
1948
- 1948-03-01 GB GB6421/48A patent/GB636379A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4166088A (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1979-08-28 | Neefe Charles W | Method of making high quality plastic lenses |
GB2155940A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-10-02 | Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved | Method for the polymerization of monomer mixtures in the production of contact lenses by centrifugal casting |
EP0439394A2 (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-07-31 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL Compagnie Générale d'Optique | Process for the production of an artificial ophthalmic lens, and corresponding artificial ophthalmic lens |
EP0439394A3 (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-10-16 | Essilor International, Cie Generale D'optique | Process for the production of an artificial ophthalmic lens, and corresponding artificial ophthalmic lens |
US5172143A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1992-12-15 | Essilor International Cie Generale D'optique | Artificial optical lens and method of manufacturing it |
FR2669265A2 (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1992-05-22 | Essilor Int | Method for the manufacture of an artificial optical lens, and corresponding artificial optical lens |
WO1998028126A2 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Innotech, Inc. | Polymeric processing system for producing ophthalmic lenses |
WO1998028126A3 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-12 | Innotech Inc | Polymeric processing system for producing ophthalmic lenses |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR952308A (en) | 1949-11-15 |
GB636379A (en) | 1950-04-26 |
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