GB446981A - Improvements in or relating to the production of moulded articles - Google Patents

Abstract

Salts of ethereal sulphates are prepared by reacting a long chain alcohol having 10 to 20 carbon atoms with 100 per cent sulphuric acid, fuming sulphuric acid or chlorosulphonic acid at a temperature within the range of 0 to 50 DEG C. and thereafter neutralizing with a suitable base. In addition to single alcohols, mixtures such as those produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of cotton seed oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, coconut oil, and various fats can be employed, for example, the mixture of lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, and stearyl alcohols obtained from coconut oil catalytically, or the mixed oleyl-stearyl alcohols obtained by the saponification of sperm oil. Esters obtained from hexyl, octyl, decyl and ricinoleyl alcohols are also mentioned.ALSO:In the moulding of plastic compositions especially of natural, synthetic, and artificial rubber, adherence of the composition to the mould is prevented by the presence between the contacting surfaces of the mould and moulding composition of a salt of a polybasic acid which has been partially esterified with a saturated or unsaturated alcohol of the aliphatic series having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a mixture of such salts. The alkali metal salts, especially the sodium salts, are particularly suitable, but ammonium and amine salts can be used also. The sulphate ester salts may be prepared by reacting a long chain alcohol having 10 to 20 carbon atoms with 100 per cent sulphuric acid or fuming sulphuric acid or chlorosulphonic acid at a temperature within the range of 0 to 50 DEG C., and thereafter neutralizing with a suitable base. In addition to single alcohols, mixtures such as those produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of cottonseed oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, coconut oil, and various fats can be employed, for example, the mixture of lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, and stearyl alcohols obtained from coconut oil, catalytically, or the mixed oleyl-stearyl alcohols obtained by the saponification of sperm oil. Esters obtained from hexyl, octyl, decyl and ricinoleyl alcohols are also mentioned. The polybasic inorganic or organic acids which can be used for the esterification include, in addition to sulphuric acid, phosphoric, oxalic, tartaric, citric, phthalic, and lauric acids. Water or alcoholic solutions of the salts may be used, or the salt may be deposited on talc or other dry material base and applied as a dust. An example is given.