GB2622325A

GB2622325A - Battery management system

Info

Publication number: GB2622325A
Application number: GB2318224.9A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Yu Haijun; Li Aixia; Xie Yinghao; Zhang Xuemei; Chen Kang
Original assignee: Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd; Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd; Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd; Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd; Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2022-04-28
Publication date: 2024-03-13
Also published as: CN113872281A; WO2023045332A1; ES2971552A2; GB202318224D0; DE112022002199T5

Abstract

A battery management system, comprising: a plurality of battery connection modules, wherein each battery connection module has a positive input end and a negative input end; two adjacent battery connection modules are connected by means of positive input ends and negative input ends, such that the plurality of battery connection modules are connected to form at least part of a charging/discharging series circuit; and each battery connection module comprises a short-circuit unit, a battery connection unit for connecting batteries, and a connection/disconnection switching unit, the short-circuit unit being connected to the battery connection unit in parallel, and both the short-circuit unit and the battery connection unit being electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative input end by means of the connection/disconnection switching unit. A charging/discharging module is electrically connected to the charging/discharging series circuit, a battery monitoring module is connected to the battery connection unit, and a main control module is respectively connected to the battery monitoring module and the connection/disconnection switching unit to control the operation of the connection/disconnection switching unit according to a battery monitoring situation, such that the input and output of a battery are separately controlled, thereby ensuring a sufficient surplus of the capacity of the battery, and improving the power supply stability of the battery during cascade utilization.

Description

BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery management, and in particular to a battery management system.

BACKGROUND

In China, cascade utilization can enable recycled lithium batteries to serve as a power reservoir for off-peak power storage, and thereby elongate service time of these batteries. For example, the recycled lithium batteries may be applied to various mobile base stations. Generally, in the cascade utilization for the recycled batteries, multiple batteries constitute a battery pack, and multiple battery packs are connected in parallel according to capacity requirements to form a storage power supply. In practice, state of charge (SOC) of a battery in a battery pack may decrease significantly, causing a voltage drop of the entire battery pack, and the battery pack with a low voltage is directly isolated in a conventional battery management system. In such case, the reserved power in the storage power supply would be lower than a designed power before the battery pack is repaired, which affects normal power usage.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure aims to address at least one technical issue in the conventional technology. In view of the above, a battery management system is provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, to improve stability of power supply in battery cascade utilization.

In a first aspect, a battery management system is provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery management system includes a plurality of battery connection modules, a charging/discharging module, a battery monitoring module, and a main control module. Each battery connection module includes a positive input end and a negative input end, and the two adjacent battery connection modules are connected via the positive input ends and the negative input ends to form at least part of a charging/discharging series circuit. Each battery connection module includes a short circuit unit, a battery connection unit configured to connecting a battery, and a connection/disconnection switching unit, wherein the short circuit unit is connected in parallel with the battery connection unit Each of the short circuit unit and the battery connection unit is electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative end via the connection/disconnection switching unit. The charging/discharging module is electrically connected to the charging/discharging series circuit. The battery monitoring module is connected to the battery connection unit to monitor a battery condition. The main control module is connected to both the battery monitoring module and the connection/disconnection switching unit, and is configured to control switching of the connection/disconnection switching unit according to the battery condition.

The battery management system according to embodiments of the present disclosure has at least following advantages The battery management system includes a plurality of battery connection modules, a charging/discharging module, a battery monitoring module, and a main control module. Each battery connection module includes a positive input end and a negative input end, and the two adjacent battery connection modules are connected via the positive input ends and the negative input ends to form at least part of a charging/discharging series circuit. Each battery connection module includes a short circuit unit, a battery connection unit configured to connecting a battery, and a connection/disconnection switching unit, wherein the short circuit unit is connected in parallel with the battery connection unit. Each of the short circuit unit and the battery connection unit is electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative end via the connection/disconnection switching unit. Thereby, the main control module is capable to select an individual battery connection unit or a corresponding short circuit unit, via the connection/disconnection switching unit, to be connected into the charging/discharging series circuit. The batteries, which are connected into charging/discharging series circuit, are connected in series, and are connected to the charging/discharging module for normal charging and discharging. Accordingly, the main control module is capable to monitor a condition of batteries corresponding to the battery connection units via the battery monitoring module, isolate an abnormal battery from the charging/discharging series circuit, and couple an idle normal battery into the charging/discharging series circuit. In the above solution, instead of isolating the entire charging/discharging series circuit and waiting for repairing or replacing a malfunctioned battery, flexible control on connection and disconnection of an individual battery can be achieved through the battery connection unit. Thereby, the charging/discharging series circuit can be maintained in a normal charging or discharging state, which ensures an adequate margin of battery capacity. The power supply is more stable arid reliable in battery cascade utilization, and the battery maintenance is less frequent and has a lower cost.

In some embodiments, the battery monitoring module includes a level monitoring unit and a charge-discharge test unit. The level monitoring unit is connected to the battery connection unit to monitor a level of the battery. The charge-discharge test unit is electrically connected to the battery connection unit to perform a charge-discharge test on the battery connection unit. The main control module is respectively connected to the level monitoring unit and the charge-discharge test unit.

In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a first connection/disconnection controlling module and a second connection/disconnection controlling module. The battery connection unit includes a first positive end and a first negative end, and the charge-discharge test unit includes a first input end and a second input end. The main control module is connected to the first connection/disconnection controlling module to control the connection/disconnection of the first connection module, and is connected to the second connection/disconnection controlling module to control the connection/disconnection of the second connection/disconnection controlling module. The first input end is electrically connected to the first positive end by the first connection/disconnection controlling module, and the second input end is electrically connected to the first negative end by the second connection/disconnection control ling module.

In some embodiments, the battery connection unit includes a first positive end and a first negative end. The connection/disconnection switching unit includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit. The short-circuit unit includes a third input end and a fourth input end. The first switch unit includes a first connection end and a second connection end, wherein the first connection end is electrically connected to the positive input end, and the main control module is connected to the first switch unit to control a switching connection between the second connection end and either the first positive end or the third input end. The second switch unit includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, wherein the third connection end is electrically connected to the negative input end, and the main control module is connected to the second switch unit to control another switching connection between the fourth connection end and either the first negative end or the fourth input end.

In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a communication module The main control module is connected to the communication module to inform an external management platform of the battery condition.

In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a battery compartment. The battery compartment is provided with multiple battery positions for disposing the batteries, and the battery connection units are in one-to-one correspondence to the battery positions. Each battery position is provided with a driving mechanism configured to drive the battery toward the corresponding battery connection unit for connection, or drive the battery away from the corresponding battery connection unit for disconnection.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a sliding support and a battery holder for disposing the battery. The sliding support is provided at the corresponding battery position, and the battery holder is in sliding connection with the sliding support.

In some embodiments, the sliding support is provided with a first driving module and a gear. The first driving module is in transmission connection with the gear. The battery holder is provided with a rack meshed with the gear. The main control module is connected to the first driving module to control operation of the first driving module. The first driving module is configured to drive rotation of the gear, and the rotation of the gear drives the rack to slide the battery holder along the sliding support.

In some embodiments, each battery position is provided with a connecting base. The battery connection unit includes a first connecting post and a second connecting post are disposed on the connecting base. The first connecting post and the second connecting post are electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative input end, respectively, via the connection/disconnection switching unit. The battery holder is provided with a positive connector and a negative connector. The positive connector is configured to be connected to a positive electrode of the battery, and the negative connector is configured to be connected to a negative electrode of the battery. The positive connector is provided with a first slot hole configured to mate with the first connecting post, and the negative connector is provided with a second slot hole configured to mate with the second connecting post.

In some embodiments, each of the first connecting post and the second connecting post is a bolt, and each of the first slot hole and the second slot hole is a threaded slot hole. The connecting base is further provided with a second driving module that is in transmission connection with both the first connecting post and the second connecting post. The main control module is connected to the second driving module to control operation of the second driving module. The second driving module is configured to drive rotation of the first connecting post to connect or disconnect the first connecting post to the first slot hole via threads, and drive rotation of the second connecting post to rotate to connect or disconnect the second connecting post to the second slot hole via threads.

Hereinafter additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be described. Some additional aspects and advantages would be obvious from following description, or be conceived in practice based on embodiments of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The forgoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent and conceivable from following described embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of a circuit of a battery connection module, a first connection/disconnection controlling module, and a second connection/disconnection controlling module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection among a charging/discharging series circuit, a main control module, and a charging/discharging module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery compartment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of location "a" in Figure 4 Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery holder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting base according to another embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery holder according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 10 is a bottom view of a connecting base as shown in Figure 8. Reference numerals: battery compartment 100, sliding support 110, first driving module 111, gear 112, battery holder 120, positive connector 121, negative connector 122, first slot hole 123, second slot hole 124, electrode spring sheet 125, pressing piece 126, front plate 127, rear plate U8, side plate 129, connecting base 130, second driving module 131, wire 132, second motor 133, worm gear case 134, insulating sheet 135, electrical connection end sheet 136, battery connection unit 210, first connecting post 211, second connecting post 212, connection/disconnection switching unit 220, first switch unit 221, second switch unit 222, short circuit unit 230, charging/discharging module 300, power supply unit 310, load unit 320, battery monitoring module 400, level monitoring unit 410, charge-discharge test unit 420, main control module 500, first connection/disconnection controlling module 610, second connection/disconnection controlling module 620, communication module 700, battery 800, battery positive electrode 810, battery negative electrode 820.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Hereinafter embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail. Exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which same or similar reference numerals are used to indicate same or similar elements, or elements with same or similar functions. Embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only intended for illustrating the present disclosure, and should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

When describing orientation or positional relationship in embodiments, terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", are based on orientation or positional relationship as shown in the drawings, and are merely intended for helping understand and simplifying description of the present disclosure. Such terms do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a specific orientation or must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and hence do not construe a limitation to the present disclosure.

In the following description, the term "several" means "one or more", the term "multiple" means "two or more". The range defined by "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", or the like, should be understood as excluding the following value, and the ranged defined by "above", "below", "within", or the like, should be understood as including the following value. The terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, a quantity of referenced technical features, or a sequence of the referenced technical features.

In the following description, the terms "installation", "link" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited. For example, such term may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection, may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and may refer to inner connection between two components. Those skilled in the art may appreciate specific meaning of the foregoing terms based on a specific context in the present disclosure.

Reference is made to Figure 1 to Figure 10. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery management system includes a plurality of battery connection modules, a charging/discharging module 300, a battery monitoring module 400, and a main control module 500. Each battery connection module includes a positive input end and a negative input end, and the two adjacent battery connection modules are connected via the positive input ends and the negative input ends to form at least a part of a charging/discharging series circuit. The charging/discharging series circuit is electrically connected to the charging/discharging module 300. Each battery connection module includes a short circuit unit 230, a battery connection unit 210 configured to connecting a battery 800, and a connection/disconnection switching circuit 220, wherein the short circuit unit 230 is connected in parallel with the battery connection unit. Each of the short circuit unit 230 and the battery connection unit 210 is electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative end via the connection/disconnection switching unit 220. The battery monitoring module 400 is connected to the battery connection unit 210 to monitor a battery condition. The main control module 500 is connected to both the battery monitoring module 400 and the connection/disconnection switching unit 220, and thereby is capable to control operation of the connection/disconnection switching unit 220 according to the battery condition.

The main control module 500 may be implemented with a micro controller unit (MCU), or a central processing unit (CPU), and peripheral circuits thereof. Alternatively, the main control module 500 may be implemented with a conventional battery management system (B M S) chip. Specific implementation of the main control module 500 is not limited herein.

Hence, the main control module 500 controls each battery connection module via the connection/disconnection switching unit 220, to couple either the battery connection unit 210 or the short-circuit unit 230 into the charging/discharging series circuit. Thereby, the batteries 800 connected into the charging/discharging series circuit are connected in series, and are connected to the charging/discharging module 300 for normal charging and discharging. As an example, reference is made to Figure 3. Multiple batteries 800, which are electrically connected by the battery connection modules, are connected in series to form the charging/discharging series circuit. A positive input end IN1 of the charging/discharging series circuit is electrically connected to an end of the charging/discharging module 300. A negative input end IN2 of the charging/discharging series circuit and another end of the charging/discharging module 300 are both connected to the main control module 500. In an embodiment, the charging/discharging module 300 may include a power supply unit 310 and a load unit 320 that are connected in parallel. The power supply unit 310 is configured to charge the charging/discharging series circuit, and the load unit 320 is configured to discharge the charging/discharging series circuit. The load unit 320 may include, but is not limited to, a resistor, an electrical appliance, or the like. The main control module 500 may control the charging/discharging series circuit to be connected to the power supply unit 310 and then the load unit 320, in order to complete a charge-discharge process.

Hence, the main control module 500 is capable to monitor the battery a condition of batteries corresponding to the battery connection units 210 via the battery monitoring module 400, isolate an abnormal battery 800 from the charging/discharging series circuit, and couple an idle normal battery 800 into the charging/discharging series circuit In the above solution, instead of isolating the entire charging/discharging series circuit and waiting for repairing or replacing a malfunctioned battery, flexible control on connection and disconnection of an individual battery can be achieved through the battery connection unit 210. Thereby, the charging/discharging series circuit can be maintained in a normal charging or discharging state, even when maintenance personnel cannot replace the abnormal battery timely. The power supply is more stable and reliable in battery cascade utilization, an adequate margin of battery capacity is ensured through reliable and economic circuit structure, and the battery maintenance is less frequent and has a lower cost.

A quantity of battery connection modules may be adjusted on requirement, to exceed a quantity of batteries required to achieve a predetermined voltage. Thereby, backup batteries for maintaining normal operation of the charging/discharging series circuit are ensured even when batteries of a certain quantity fail.

In some embodiments, the battery monitoring module 400 may include a level monitoring unit 410 and a charge-discharge test unit 420, which are not limited herein. Both the level monitoring unit 410 and the charge-discharge test unit 420 are connected to the battery connection unit 210. The level monitoring unit 410 may include, but is not limited to, a state of charge (SOC) monitoring unit and a state of health (SOH) monitoring unit. The SOC monitoring unit and the SOH monitoring unit are configured to monitor a charging capacity and a performance status, respectively, or another level, of the battery electrically connected to the battery connection unit 210. The charge-discharge test unit 420 is configured to perform a charge-discharge test on a battery connected to an individual battery connection unit 210. In an embodiment, the charge-discharge test unit 420 includes a charging branch, a discharging branch and a switching unit connected in parallel with each other. The charging branch includes a power supply. The discharge branch includes a load, such as a resistor or an electrical appliance. The switching unit may be a change-over switch or a relay. The main control module 500 is connected to the switching unit to control operation of the switching unit. The switching unit is capable to connect the battery connection unit 210 electrically to the charging branch, in order to charge the battery electrically connected to the battery connection unit 210. The switching unit is further capable to connect the battery connection unit 210 electrically to the discharge branch, in order to discharge the battery electrically connected to the battery connection unit 210.

In such configuration, the main control module 500 is connected to both the level monitoring unit 410 and the charge-discharge test unit 420. When the level monitoring unit 410 detects that the a level of the battery electrically connected to the battery connection unit 210 is abnormal (for example, a charging capacity drops greatly), the main control module 500 may perform a charge-discharge test on the abnormal battery via the charge-discharge test unit 420. Thereby, it is identified, according to a monitoring result of the level monitoring unit 410 during the charge-discharge test, whether the battery electrically connected to the battery connection unit 210 is subject to an accidental temporary failure. The battery that is recovered from the accidental temporary failure may be re-connected into the charging/discharging series circuit, while a damaged battery may be recorded for subsequent maintenance. Therefore, instead of being directly isolated or replaced, the battery subject to the accidental temporary failure is identified and reused, which prevents a waste of resources and elongates a service life of the battery. Further, a deeper cascade utilization of the batteries is achieved.

In some embodiments, the battery connection unit 210 includes a first positive end and a first negative end. Reference is made to Figure 2. In an embodiment, the battery management system further includes a first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 and a second connection/disconnection controlling module 620. The first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 and the second connection/disconnection controlling module 620 each may be implemented with a relay or a switch component, such as a single-pole switch or a toggle switch, which is not limited herein. The charge-discharge test unit 420 includes a first input end and a second input end, such as the input ends 1N3 and 1N4 shown in Figure 2. In such case, both the charging branch and the discharging branch are connected to the first input end and the second input end via the switching unit. The main control module 500 is connected to the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 and the second connection/disconnection controlling module 620, to control switching of the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 and the second connection/disconnection controlling module 620. Hereinafter Figure 2 is taken as an example. In a case that the connection end of the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 is connected to the upper contact, the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 is in a disconnecting state. In a case the connection end of the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 is connected to the lower contact, the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 is in a connecting state. The above states applies mutatis mutandis to the second connection/disconnection controlling module 620. In this way, the first input end is connected to the first positive end via the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610, and the second input end is connected to the first negative end via the second connection/disconnection controlling module 620 When both the first connection/disconnection controlling module 610 and the second connection/disconnection controlling unit 620 are in the connecting state, the charge-discharge test unit 420 is connected to the battery connection unit 210. Thereby, charge-discharge test on the individual battery connection unit 210 is controllable when such battery connection unit 210 is isolated from the charging/discharging series circuit.

In some embodiments, the connection/disconnection switching unit 220 includes a first switch unit 221 and a second switch unit 222, as shown in Figure 2. The short-circuit unit 230 includes a third input end arid a fourth input end. The first switch unit 221 includes a first connection end and a second connection end, wherein the first connection end is electrically connected to the positive input end. The main control module 500 is connected to the first switch unit 221 to control a switching between the second connection end and either the first positive end or the third input end. The second switch unit 222 includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, wherein the third connection end is electrically connected to the negative input end. The main control module 500 is connected to the second switch unit 222 to control another switching connection between the fourth connection end and either the first negative end or the fourth input end. In such configuration, when the second connection end is electrically connected to the first positive end and the fourth connection end is electrically connected to the first negative end, the battery connection unit 210 is connected into the charging/discharging series circuit. When the second connection end is electrically connected to the third input end and the fourth connection end is electrically connected to the fourth input end, the short-circuit unit 230 is connected into the charging/discharging series circuit.

In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a communication module 700. The main control module 500 is connected to the communication module 700, to inform to an external management platform of the battery condition via the communication module 700. The communication module 700 may include, but is not limited to, a Bluetooth communication module, a Wi-Fi communication module, a 2.46Hz wireless communication module 700, or the like. The external management platform may be a cloud service platform, or a terminal management platform such as a server, a mobile terminal (e.g. a mobile phone), a wearable device, a tablet, a laptop, or desktop computer. In some embodiments, the main control module 500 may generate a fault code based on monitoring data from the battery monitoring module 400 and battery information such as a serial number and signal of a malfunctioned battery, and then send the fault code to the external management platform via the communication module 700 Thereby, the external management platform may prompt and analyze a fault based on the fault code, and relevant personnel is able to learn the fault quickly and prepare to handle the fault.

In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a battery compartment 100. The battery compartment 100 is provided with multiple battery positions for disposing the batteries 800, and the battery connection units 210 are in one-to-one correspondence to the battery positions. Thereby, a safe battery environment is provided to protect the batteries 800. Each the battery position is provided with a driving mechanism configured to drive the battery 800 toward the corresponding battery connection unit 210 for connection, or drive the battery 800 away from the corresponding battery connection unit 210 for disconnection. Thereby, operations of loading and unloading the battery 800 is convenient and flexible.

As an example, reference is made to Figure 4. Sixteen battery positions are provided on the battery compartment 100 for disposing sixteen batteries. A quantity of battery positions is not limited to this example. In practice, the battery management system may include one or more battery compartments 100. The batteries disposed in a same battery compartment 100 belong to a battery group, and each battery group is configured to be connected into a same charging/discharging series circuit. The main control module 500 is capable to control different charging-discharging strings to connect to the charging-discharging module 300 independently. Thereby, a charging-discharging process of each battery group can be implemented, and different battery groups can be switched for utilization.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism may include a conveyor belt, a drive motor, and at least two conveyor rollers. One of the conveyor rollers may be coaxially connected with the drive motor, and is in transmission connection with the other conveyor roller via the conveyor belt. In a case that the battery 800 is disposed on the conveyor belt, the main control module 500 is connected to the drive motor to control operation of the drive motor. In such case, the drive motor may drive the conveyor belt to convey the battery 800 from an end of the conveyor belt away from the battery connection unit 210 to an end close to the battery connection unit 210, until the battery 800 is connected to the battery connection unit 210.

Similarly, the drive motor may drive the conveyor belt to convey the battery 800 in a reverse direction In an embodiment, a limiting member may be provided on the conveyor belt The limiting member is configured to limit a position of the battery 800 on the conveyor belt, such that the battery 800 is prevented from sliding.

In other embodiments, the driving mechanism may include a sliding support 110, and a battery holder 120 for receiving the battery 800, as shown in Figure 4. The sliding support 110 is provided at the corresponding battery position, and the battery holder 120 is in sliding connection with the sliding support 110. In an embodiment, the sliding support 110 is a guide rail, the battery holder 120 is provided with a sliding block. A sliding groove runs through the sliding block, and the guide rail extends along the sliding groove, such that the sliding block may move along the guide rail when the battery holder 120 slides.

In an embodiment, the sliding support 110 is provided with a first driving module 111 and a gear 112, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The first driving module 111 may have be a drive motor or a reducer (such as a gear reducer and a worm reducer). The first driving module 111 is in transmission connection with the gear 112. The battery holder 120 is provided with a rack meshed with the gear 112. The main control module 500 is connected to the first driving module 111 to control operation of the first driving module 111. The first driving module 111 is configured to drive rotation of the gear 112, and the rotation of the gear 112 drives the rack to slide the battery holder 120 along the sliding support 110. In an embodiment, the first driving module 111 is a worm-drive reducer, including a first motor, a first worm wheel, and a first worm. The first worm wheel and the first worm may have a self-locking structure. The first motor is in rotation connection with the first worm wheel, and the first worm wheel meshes with the first worm. Each of two ends of the first worm may be fixedly connected to a gear U. Therefore, the first motor drives the first worm wheel to rotate, thus drives the first worm to rotate, and thereby drives the gears 112 at the two ends of the first worm to rotate.

In some embodiments, the battery position is provided with a connecting base 130. The connecting base 130 may be made of an insulating material. The battery connection unit 210 includes a first connecting post 211 and a second connecting post 212, which may be made of conductive materials and are insulated from each other. The first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212 are electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative input end, respectively, via the connection/disconnection switching unit 220. The first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212 are provided on the connection base 130. The battery holder 120 is provided with a positive connector 121 and a negative connector 122. The positive connector 121 is configured to be connected to a battery positive electrode 810, and the negative connector 122 is configured to be connected to a battery negative electrode 820. The positive connector 121 is provided with a first slot hole 123, which is configured to mate with the first connecting post 211. The negative connector 122 is provided with a second slot hole 124, which is configured to mate with the second connecting post 212. Thereby, electrical connection between the battery connection unit 210 and the battery 800 is achieved via coordination between the connecting posts and the slot holes.

Each of the positive connector 121 and the negative connector 122 may include an electrode block (such as a copper column) and an electrode spring sheet 125. The electrode spring sheet125 is made of conductive material. The battery positive electrode 810 is electrically connected to the electrode block of the positive connector 121 through pressing the corresponding electrode spring sheet 125, and the battery negative electrode 820 is electrically connected to the electrode block of the negative connector 122 through pressing the corresponding electrode spring sheet 125. In an embodiment, the battery holder 120 further includes a chassis and a rear plate 128. An accommodating cavity is provided within the chassis that has an opening. The rear plate 128 is detachably connected to the chassis to seal the opening, and the battery 800 may be disposed into the accommodating cavity from the opening. Reference is made to Figures 7 and 9. In an embodiment, the battery holder 120 may include a front plate 127, a rear plate 128, and two side plates 129, which form an accommodating groove for containing the battery 800.

Further, a first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the front plate 127 (or the chassis of the battery holder 120. The electrode block of the positive connector 121 is provided with the first slot hole 123, and the electrode block of the negative connector 122 is provided with the second slot hole 124. The first through hole is in communication with (i.e. connected to) the first slot hole 123, and the second through hole is in communication with (i.e. connected to) the second slot hole 124. When the battery holder 120 moves toward to or away from the battery connection unit 210, the front plate 127 faces the battery connection unit 210, and the connecting posts are aligned with the through holes. In addition, the battery holder 120 may further include a pressing piece 126. The pressing piece 126 may be disposed between the positive connector 121 and the negative connector 122. When being disposed into the battery holder 120 (for example, inserted into the accommodating cavity or the accommodating groove), the battery 800 presses the pressing piece 126, and the pressing piece deforms. Since a space within the battery holder 120 is limited, the pressing piece 126 presses tightly against the battery 800, and thereby the battery 800 is fixed.

In an embodiment, the first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212 are both connection ends, which may be connected to the connection/disconnection switching unit 220 via wires 132, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. The two connection ends are configured to be inserted into the first slot hole 123 and the second slot hole 124, respectively. In an embodiment, the first connecting post 211 is provided with an arc-shaped first notch at an end for connecting the first slot hole 123, and the first slot hole 123 is provided with a first protrusion. When the first connecting post 211 is inserted into the first slot hole 123, the first protrusion abuts against the first notch, so that the first protrusion is engaged with the first notch. Similarly, the second connecting post 212 is provided with an arc-shaped second notch at an end for connecting the second slot hole 124, and the second slot hole 124 is provided with a second protrusion. When the second connecting post 212 is inserted into the second slot hole 124, the second protrusion abuts against the second notch, so that the second protrusion is engaged with the second notch.

In other embodiments, the first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212 may be bolts, and the first slot hole 123 and the second slot hole 124 may be threaded slot holes, as shown in Figures 8 to 10. The connecting base 130 is further provided with a second driving module 131, and the second driving module 131 may be a drive motor or a reducer (such as a gear reducer and a worm reducer). The second driving module 131 is in transmission connection with both the first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212. The main control module 500 is connected to the second driving module 131, to control operation of the second driving module 131. The second driving module 131 is configured to drive rotation of the first connecting post 211, so as to connect or disconnect the first connecting post 211 to the first slot hole 123 via threads. The second driving module 131 is further configured to drive rotation of the second connecting post 212, so as to connect or disconnect the second connecting post 212 to the second slot hole 124 via threads. Thereby, thread connection between connecting posts and slot holes can be controlled via the second driving module 131. The connecting posts is fastened in the slot holes, ensuring stable engagement between the battery connection unit 210 and the battery 800.

In an embodiment, the second driving module 131 may be implemented with a worm-drive reducer, including a second motor 133, a second worm wheel, and a third worm wheel. The second worm wheel and the third worm wheel may be disposed in different worm gear cases 134. The second motor 133 is connected with both the second worm wheel and the third worm wheel, in order to drive the second worm wheel and the third worm wheel to rotate in opposite directions. The second worm wheel meshes with the first connecting post 211, so that the second worm wheel is capable to drive rotation of the first connecting post 211. The third worm wheel meshes with the second connecting post 212, so that the third worm wheel is capable to drive rotation of the second connecting post 212. When both are driven, the first connecting post 211 and the second connecting post 212 rotate in opposite directions Further, two electrical connection end sheets 136 and two insulating sheets 135 may be provided on the connection base 130, and are referred to as a first electrical connection end sheet, a second electrical connection end sheet, a first insulating sheet, and a second insulating sheet. The first electrical connection end sheet is electrically connected to the first connecting post 211 and the connection/disconnection switching unit 220, and may be disposed on the first insulating sheet. The second electrical connection end sheet is electrically connected to the second connecting post 212 and the connection/disconnection switching unit 220, and may be disposed on the second insulating sheet. The first insulating sheet and the second insulating sheet are disposed on the connecting base 130, and serves as an isolation between the electrical connection end sheets 136 and the connecting base 130.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. Possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not enumerated for concise description. Any combination of the technical features that do not conflict shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and purpose of the present disclosure The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A battery management system, comprising: a plurality of battery connection modules, wherein: each of the battery connection modules comprises a positive input end and a negative input end, and two adjacent battery connection modules are connected via the positive input ends and the negative input ends to form at least a part of a charging/discharging series circuit, the battery connection module comprises a short circuit unit (230), a battery connection unit (210) configured to connecting a battery (800), and a connection/disconnection switching unit (220), wherein the short circuit unit (230) is connected in parallel with the battery connection unit (210); each of the short circuit unit (230) and the battery connection unit (210) is electrically connected to the positive input end and the negative end via the connection/disconnection switching unit (220), a charging/discharging module (300), electrically connected to the charging/discharging series circuit; a battery monitoring module (400), connected to the battery connection unit (210) to monitor a battery condition, and a main control module (500), respectively connected to the battery monitoring module (400) and the connection/disconnection switching unit (220), is configured to control switching of the connection/disconnection switching unit (220) according to the battery condition.
2. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein: the battery monitoring module (400) comprises a level monitoring unit (410) and a charge-discharge test unit (420); the level monitoring unit (410) is connected to the battery connection unit (210) to monitor a level of the battery (800); the charge-discharge test unit (420) is electrically connected to the battery connection unit (210) to perform a charge-discharge test on the battery connection unit (210); and the main control module (500) is respectively connected to the level monitoring unit (410) and the charge-discharge test unit (420)
3. The battery management system according to claim 2, further comprising a first connection/disconnection controlling module (610) and a second connection/disconnection controlling module (620), wherein: the battery connection unit (210) comprises a first positive end and a first negative end, and the charge-discharge test unit (420) comprises a first input end and a second input end, the main control module (500) is respectively connected to the first connection/disconnection controlling module (610) and the second connection/disconnection controlling module (620), to control the connection/disconnection of the first connection/disconnection controlling module (610) and the second connection/disconnection controlling module (620); and the first input end is electrically connected to the first positive end by the first connection/disconnection controlling module (610), and the second input end is electrically connected to the first negative end by the second connection/disconnection controlling module (620).
4. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein: the battery connection unit (210) comprises a first positive end and a first negative end, the connection/disconnection switching unit (220) comprises a first switch unit (221) and a second switch unit (222), and the short-circuit unit (230) comprises a third input end and a fourth input end; the first switch unit (221) comprises a first connection end arid a second connection end, wherein the first connection end is electrically connected to the positive input end, and the main control module (500) is connected to the first switch unit (221) to control a switching connection between the second connection end and either the first positive end or the third input end; and the second switch unit (222) comprises a third connection end and a fourth connection end, wherein the third connection end is electrically connected to the negative input end, and the main control module (500) is connected to the second switch unit (222) to control another switching connection between the fourth connection end and either the first negative end or the fourth input end.
5. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a communication module (700), wherein: the main control module (500) is connected to the communication module (700), to inform an external management platform of the battery condition.
6. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a battery compartment (100), wherein: the battery compartment (100) is provided with battery positions for disposing the batteries (800), and the battery connection units (210) are in one-to-one correspondence to the battery positions; and each of the battery positions is provided with a driving mechanism configured to drive the battery (800) toward the battery connection unit (210) for connection, or drive the battery (800) away from the battery connection unit (210) for disconnection.
7. The battery management system according to claim 6, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a sliding support (110) and a battery holder (120) for disposing the battery (800); and the sliding support (110) is provided at said battery position, and the battery holder (120) is in sliding connection with the sliding support (110).
8. The battery management system according to claim 7, wherein: the sliding support (110) is provided with a first driving module (111) and a gear (112), and the first driving module (111) is in transmission connection with the gear (112); the battery holder (120) is provided with a rack meshed with the gear (112); the main control module (500) is connected to the first driving module (111) to control operation of the first driving module (111); the first driving module (111) is configured to drive rotation of the gear (112), and the rotation of the gear (112) drives the rack to slide the battery holder (120) along the sliding support (110).
9. The battery management system according to claim 7, wherein: each of the battery positions is provided with a connecting base (130); the battery connection unit (210) comprises a first connecting post (211) and a second connecting post (212), the first connecting post (211) and the second connecting post (212) are disposed on the connecting base (130); the first connecting post (211) and the second connecting post (212) are electrically connected to the positive input end arid the negative input end, respectively, via the connection/disconnection switching unit (220); the battery holder (120) is provided with a positive connector (121) and a negative connector (122); the positive connector (121) is configured to be connected to a positive electrode of the battery (800), and the negative connector (122) is configured to be connected to a negative electrode of the battery (800); and the positive connector (121) is provided with a first slot hole (123) configured to mate with the first connecting post (211), and the negative connector (122) is provided with a second slot hole (124) configured to mate with the second connecting post (212).
10. The battery management system according to claim 9, wherein: each of the first connecting post (211) and the second connecting post (212) is a bolt, and each of the first slot hole (123) and the second slot hole (124) is a threaded slot hole; the connecting base (130) is further provided with a second driving module (131) that is in transmission connection with both the first connecting post (211) and the second connecting post (212); the main control module (500) is connected to the second driving module (131) to control operation of the second driving module (131); and the second driving module (131) is configured to: drive rotation of the first connecting post (211) to connect or disconnect the first connecting post (211) to the first slot hole (123) via threads; and drive rotation of the second connecting post (212) to connect or disconnect the second connecting post (212) to the second slot hole (124) via threads.