GB2613713A

GB2613713A - Threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic field, and combine harvester

Info

Publication number: GB2613713A
Application number: GB2302051.4A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Tang Zhong; Li Pengcheng; Liang Yaquan; Zhang Hao; Ding Hantao
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2022-01-11
Publication date: 2023-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-11
Also published as: GB202302051D0; GB2613713B

Abstract

Provided are a threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and an electrostatic field, and a combine harvester, the threshing and cleaning device comprising a threshing and cleaning device (1), a periodic transmission gearbox (2), a test mechanism, and a control system. A high-voltage discharger is disposed in the interior of the threshing and cleaning device (1), and the high-voltage discharger allows an electrostatic field to be generated inside of the threshing and cleaning device; the periodic transmission gearbox (2) is connected to a roller of the threshing and cleaning device (1); and the test mechanism is used to measure the strength of the electric field in the interior of the threshing and cleaning device and the torque of a spindle of the roller of the threshing and cleaning device, and to transmit same to the control system. Critical inertia threshing is performed by using the transmission of a special-shaped gear (201) to force the weakest point rate of grain connection strength to break first, so that threshing is more thorough; by electrifying a cylindrical sieve (105) and a concave plate sieve (102) such that an electrostatic field is formed in the middle thereof, under the action of an electric field force and a Coulomb repulsion force, the grains are more easily separated to thereby complete a cleaning process, and the rotational speed of the threshing roller and the electric field strength are adjusted, so as to adapt to the threshing impact caused by non-periodic changes in feeding amount.

Description

THRESHING AND CLEANING DEVICE COMBINING INERTIA AND

ELECTROSTATIC EFFECT AND COMBINE HARVESTER

Technical Field

The present disclosure belongs to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery technologies, and in particular, relates to a threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect.

Background

Threshing and cleaning on the combine harvester are two important segments of rice harvesting. The high impurity content problem caused by the combine harvester in the process of rice harvesting leads to difficulties in subsequent grain cleaning work. The broken stems and leaves produced during rice threshing are mixed with the threshed grains, the situation makes it difficult to clear the grains. At present, there are two main reasons for the high impurity content of rice threshing mixture: firstly, the content of broken stems and broken leaves in rice threshing mixture is too high; secondly, it is difficult to separate the seeds from the separated mixture during the cleaning process. The mass ratio of grains and miscellaneous residues in the rice threshing mixture is about 3:1, but the volume ratio of grains and miscellaneous residues is 1:3 to 1:4, the mass ratio leads to difficulties in subsequent grain cleaning work.

The prior art mainly adopts the structure of' reciprocating air-and-screen cleaning device, the prior technology comprises stepped shaking plate, stepped punching cleaning screen, fan, tail screen and crank. The device is driven by a crank mechanism and cooperates with the air flow of a fan to carry out cleaning by taking advantage of the difference in the gravity of grains and impurities. Although many scholars have carried out a lot of research on the structure optimization and performance control of the cleaning device, the device still adopts the structure of the traditional airand-screen cleaning device. It is difficult to solve the problem of stripping out the mixture with high impurity content. The prior art discloses a cylindrical screen cleaning device, the device mainly comprises a fan, a cylindrical screen and a vibrator. The air inlet of the device is connected with the centrifugal fan to transport the air flow into the cleaning space. However, in principle, vibration and air blowing are still used for grain cleaning.

Summary

Regarding the shortcomings of the prior art, the present disclosure provides a threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect. In the present disclosure, critical inertia threshing work is carried out by using special-shaped gear transmission, the improvement forces the weakest point of grain connection to break first and makes threshing more complete. The present disclosure uses a threshing and cleaning device composed of a cylindrical screen and a threshing cylinder. In this disclosure, the electrostatic field is formed between the cylindrical screen and the concave screen, through the method, the grains are more easily separated under the action of the electric field and the Coulomb repulsion force. The present disclosure also establishes a control system to adjust the rotational speed of the threshing cylinder and electric field intensity to adapt to the non-periodic change of the feed rate.

The present disclosure is achieved by the technical means described below: A threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect, characterized by comprising a threshing and cleaning device, a periodic transmission gearbox, a detection mechanism and a control system; wherein the threshing and cleaning device is internally equipped with a high voltage discharger, and the high voltage discharger generates an electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device; the periodic transmission gearbox is connected with the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar of the threshing and cleaning device; the detection mechanism is configured to detect an electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device and a cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device and then transmit detection information to the control system and the control system is connected with the threshing and cleaning device, the periodic transmission gearbox and the detection mechanism.

In the above-mentioned solution, the threshing and cleaning device comprises a feeding head, a concave screen, a threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar, a device shell, a cylindrical screen, a collection box, a helix conveyor, a driving gear, a feed inlet and a positioning gear, wherein a threshing cylinder body is formed by the feeding head, the concave screen, a threshing cylinder cover plate, and the threshing cylinder combining nail-toothed and rasp-bar; the threshing cylinder body is installed on the device shell through a spindle; the cylindrical screen is engaged with both the driving gear and the positioning gear; the driving gear is connected with an external power source and has a function of driving rotation of the cylindrical screen; the positioning gear is installed on the device shell and has a function of rotating the cylindrical screen; the feed inlet is connected with the feeding head; the collection box is placed directly below the threshing cylinder body; the helix conveyor is installed at a bottom of the collection box.

Further, the tail of the threshing cylinder body inclines downward by 20 to 30 degrees In the above-mentioned solution, the threshing and cleaning device is provided with an intercepting conveying plate; the intercepting conveying plate is installed at the tail of the cylindrical screen.

Further, the intercepting conveying plate comprises three sections, the first section is a semicylindrical structure and the tail inclines downward by 30 to 40 degrees; the second section is a plane plate with an angle of 50 to 60 degrees from the horizontal direction and the second section is welded with the first section; the third section is a plane plate with an angle of 20 to 30 degrees from the horizontal direction and the third section is welded with the second segment.

In the above-mentioned solution, the periodic transmission gearbox comprises periodic transmission variable speed gears and shafts, the periodic transmission variable speed gear are divided into a stable transmission ratio region and a speed-changing region; the stable transmission ratio region comprises two symmetrical constant speed transmission sections; the speed-changing region includes symmetrical acceleration section and deceleration section; special shaped teeth are installed at the contact between the speed-changing region and the stable transmission ratio region section.

In the above-mentioned solution, the detection mechanism comprises a torque sensor and an electrostatic sensor, the torque sensor is configured to detect spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device, the electrostatic sensor is configured to detect electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device.

A combine harvester comprises the threshing and clean ng device combining inertia and electrostatic effect.

A control method of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect includes the following steps: a. setting parameters: comprising defaults of threshing cylinder speed parameters and electric field intensity.

b. generating the electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device by the high voltage discharger; driving the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device to rotate by the periodic transmission gearbox.

c. detecting the electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device and the spindle torque of the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device by the detecting mechanism; transmitting the detection information to the control system by the detection mechanism.

d. adjusting the number of stages of the periodic transmission gearbox by the control system according to the torque; controlling the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device; adjusting the electric field intensity according to the rotation speed by the control system.

In the above-mentioned solution, the detection mechanism collects maximum value of periodic change of the threshing cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device; the control system work with data by weighted average method and the data is the maximum value of continuously periodic change system during a certain time; the mechanism collects maximum value of the electric field intensity in the threshing and cleaning device within a certain time during the working and the mechanism transmits the maximum value to the control system. wherein if the weighted average value of received torque calculated by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range, the control system will change the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device through the periodic transmission gearbox. if the maximum electric field intensity received by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range, the electric field intensity will be adjusted according to change of the threshing cylinder speed.

Beneficial effects of the present disclosure:

1. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic field uses a cylindrical screen, the cylindrical screen effectively reduces the vibration amplitude of the combine harvester. The threshing and cleaning device combining the cylindrical screen and the threshing cylinder, optimizes the mechanical mechanism, saves space required for the internal cleaning device, and makes the internal structure of the harvester more compact. The present disclosure reduces the size of the whole machine to a certain extent, but it will not affect the quality of threshing and cleaning work. At the same time, the present disclosure eliminates the use of fans because of the inclined installation mode and the application of the electric field, the improvement improves the driver's comfort.

2. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic field uses special-shaped gear transmission critical to carry out the inertia threshing work according to the difference between the breaking force of rice stem/leaf and the tensile breaking force of rice grain stalk and the phenomenon of multi-modal wave elastic delayed breaking. The present disclosure uses the transient inertia force formed by the transient acceleration to make the grain stalk of the rice plant break at the minimum point of the breaking force, so that the extracted mixture contains only a small amount of broken rice leaves and has a low impurity rate.

3. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic field enables the cleaning process to be carried out in an electrostatic field taking advantage of the difference of water content of rice stem/leaf/grain to lead to the difference of conductivity and charge. The electriferous grains and impurities tend to separate from each other under the action of different forces such as electric field force, Coulomb repulsion force and gravity So the separation of grains and impurities is successfully realized and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

4. The control system of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect detects the non-periodic change of the feeding rate by detecting the maximum value of the periodic change of the spindle torque of the threshing cylinder. During the actual working conditions, the feeding rate of the harvester varies aperiodically. The present disclosure automatically adjusts the electric field intensity of the electrostatic field and the rotation speed of the main shaft of the threshing cylinder to adapt to the different feeding rate. Thus, the parameter configuration improves the power utilization rate and realizes the intellectualization of agricultural mechanization.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect and the combine harvester.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of the cylindrical screen FIG. 3 is a side view of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect FIG. 4 is an overall structure diagram of the collection box.

FIG. 5 is an overall structure diagram of the intercepting conveying plate.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the transmission mode of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of engagement of the periodic transmission gearbox.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the periodic transmission gearbox.

FIG. 9 is a workflow diagram of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the high voltage generator.

FIG. I I is a block diagram of the feedback control of the control system.

FIG. 12 is a control frame diagram of the control system.

FIG. 13 is a control flowchart of the control system.

The reference numerals are described below: Wherein: I. threshing and cleaning device, 101. feeding head, 102 concave screen, 103. threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar, 104. device shell, 105. cylindrical screen, 106. collection box, 107. helix conveyor, 108, driving gear, 109. intercepting conveying plate, 1010. feed inlet, 1011. positioning gear, 2. periodic transmission gearbox, 201. periodic transmission variable speed gear, 301. battery, 302. torque sensor.

Detailed Description of the Embodiments

Embodiment 1: As shown in FIG. I, it is a preferred embodiment of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect, characterized by comprising a threshing and cleaning device 1, a periodic transmission gearbox 2, a detection mechanism and a control system; wherein the threshing and cleaning device 1 is internally equipped with a high voltage discharger, and the high voltage discharger generates an electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device 1; the periodic transmission gearbox 2 is connected with the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103 of the threshing and cleaning device 1; the detection mechanism is configured to detect an electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device 1 and a cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device 1 and then transmit detection information to the control system; and the control system is connected with the threshing and cleaning device 1, the periodic transmission gearbox 2 and the detection mechanism. Further, the detection mechanism comprises a torque sensor 302 and an electrostatic sensor, the torque sensor 302 is configured to detect spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device 1, the electrostatic sensor is configured to detect electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device 1.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, The threshing and cleaning device 1 comprises a feeding head 101, a concave screen 102, a threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103, a device shell 104, a cylindrical screen 105, a collection box 106, a helix conveyor 107, a driving gear 108, a feed inlet 1010 and a positioning gear 1011, wherein a threshing cylinder body is formed by the feeding head 101, the concave screen 102, a threshing cylinder cover plate, and the threshing cylinder combining nail-toothed and rasp-bar 103; the threshing cylinder body is installed on the device shell 104 through a spindle; the cylindrical screen 105 is engaged with both the driving gear 108 and the positioning gear 1011, the driving gear 108 is connected with an external power source and has a function of driving rotation of the cylindrical screen 105; the positioning gear 1011 is installed on the device shell 104 and has a function of rotating the cylindrical screen 105; the feed inlet 1010 is connected with the feeding head 101; the collection box 106 is placed directly below the threshing cylinder body; the helix conveyor 107 is installed at a bottom of the collection box 106. The intercepting conveying plate 109 is installed at the tail of the cylindrical screen 105. The cylindrical screen 105 and the concave screen 102 are respectively connected to the high voltage discharger. Further, the cylindrical screen 105 is connected to a high voltage positive electrode, and the concave screen 102 is connected to a high voltage negative electrode, the concave screen 102 is configured to charge the grains and impurities when they pass through the concave screen 102. Grains and impurities are affected by electric field force and Coulomb repulsion force in the electric field composed of cylindrical screen 105 and concave screen 102. At the same time, the contact between the cylindrical screen 105, the concave screen 102 and the whole machine are blocked with insulating materials to prevent leakage. The cylindrical screen 105 and the concave screen 102 are installed coaxially and parallel. The threshing cylinder body comprises the feeding head 101, the concave screen 102, the threshing cylinder cover plate and the threshing cylinder combining nail-toothed and rasp-bar 103 and the threshing cylinder body is installed at the tail of the device and the angle deviates from the horizontal by 20 to 30 degrees. The dynamic expression model of grain in

electric field is:

d2 R SR + 6n-qa = qE(R,1)+ F"(R,O+ F"(R) d1 di Wherein, R-Position vector of rice stem! leaf! grain from origin, E(R, 0-Electric field vector, Fe(R, 0-Gradient force acting on rice stem! leaf! grain except Coulomb force, Fe(R)-External force except electrical force, q-Viscosity coefficient, a-Equivalent radius, m-mass, q-QGD The component of the resultant force of grains and impurity parallel to the direction of the cylindrical screen 105 separates grains and impurity. The grains fall into the collection box 106 under the action of the resultant force, and the impurities are removed from the threshing and cleaning device 1 under the action of the resultant force.

Further, the intercepting conveying plate 109 comprises three sections, the first section is a semicylindrical structure and the tail inclines downward by 30 to 40 degrees; the second section is a plane plate with an angle of 50 to 60 degrees from the horizontal direction and the second section is welded with the first section; the third section is a plane plate with an angle of 20 to 30 degrees from the horizontal direction and the third section is welded with the second segment. Further, the grains and impurities falling from the concave screen 102 within 200 mm from the tail to 300 mm from the tail of the cylindrical screen 105, the improvement prevents the grains and impurities from being directly discharged from the body without screening.

As shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, the transmission system of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect includes the input sprocket, driving gear 108, positioning gear 1011 and periodic transmission gearbox 2. The power output from the harvester power is transmitted to the periodic transmission gearbox 2 by the input sprocket. Further, the periodic transmission gear box 2 is a three-stage speed change gear box, the periodic transmission gear box 2 mainly realizes the three-shaft speed adjustment of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103. The gear teeth of the periodic transmission variable speed gear 201 are divided into a stable transmission ratio region and a speed change region. The stable transmission ratio region includes two symmetrical constant speed transmission sections with an angle of 120°. The speed change region includes symmetrical acceleration section and deceleration section with an angle of 60°. Special shaped teeth are installed at the contact between the speed change region and the stable transmission ratio region section to ensure that the teeth will not be damaged when the transmission ratio changes. The power of the cylindrical screen 105 is transmitted by the driving gear 108, the power provides a stable rotational speed, the speed does not change with the parameters. The positioning gear 1011 acts as a support.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, The main workflow of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect is as follows: The grain enters the inside of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103 from the feeding head 101. Under the driving force of the variable transmission ratio of the periodic transmission gear box 2, threshing work is carried out by inertia threshing methods such as rubbing and hitting of nail-tooth and rasp-bar The grains and impurities are charged through the concave screen 102 and enter the electric field between the concave screen 102 and the cylindrical screen 105. Under the Coulomb repulsion, the grains and impurities are separated against the group cohesion, and acceleration is generated under the action of gravity and electric field forces. Due to the different water content of grains and miscellaneous residues, their electric charges are different. Furthermore, its motion state in the electric field force is different, so that the separation is more complete and the cleaning effect is enhanced.

As shown in FIG. 10, the high-voltage discharge circuit mainly comprises an overcurrent protector, a step-up transformer, a step-down transformer, a voltmeter, an ammeter, a silicon rectifier, an electrostatic inductor, an electrostatic voltmeter, a cylinder screen high-voltage positive electrode, and a concave screen high-voltage negative electrode. The overcurrent protector is connected in series in the circuit to protect the circuit from overload. The switches are connected in series in the circuit to control the power on or off of the circuit. The step-down transformer is installed behind the switch, the step-down transformer reduce the output voltage to reduce the line power loss. The voltmeter is connected in parallel in the circuit for displaying the real-time voltage of the circuit. The ammeter is connected in series in the circuit for displaying the real-time current of the circuit. The step-up transformer is installed at the end of the circuit, the step-up transformer is near the output end of the high-voltage electrode, and the step-up transformer is configured to boost the voltage to a desired value. The silicon rectifier is close to the step-up transformer and is used for rectifying the current to output a stable DC current to the high voltage electrode. The electrostatic inductor is installed in series behind the silicon rectifier. The electrostatic voltmeter is connected to the electrostatic inductor in parallel and is used to display the voltage value of the high-voltage electric field in real time. The high-voltage positive electrode of the cylindrical screen and the high-voltage negative electrode of the concave screen are respectively connected with the cylindrical screen 105 and the concave screen 102 for high-voltage output. The high-voltage positive electrode of the cylindrical screen and the high-voltage negative electrode of the concave screen provide a high-voltage electrostatic field.

As shown in FIG. 11, the control system 3 includes a main controller, a drum execution controller, and a voltage output execution controller. The torque sensor is used to collect the torque of the main shaft of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103 and transmit it to the main controller. The main controller controls the drum execution controller to adjust the number of stages of the periodic transmission gearbox 2 according to the torque signal to control the rotation speed of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103. The electrostatic sensor is used to collect the electrostatic signal between the concave screen 102 and the cylindrical screen 105 and transmit it to the main controller. The main controller is used to control the voltage output according to the electrostatic signal, and it execute the controller to adjust the electric field intensity between the concave screen 102 and the cylindrical screen 105.

As shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 13, the main controller is installed on the console and is respectively connected with the torque sensor 302, the electrostatic sensor and the execution controller. The execution controller is respectively connected with the periodic transmission gearbox 2, the battery 301 and the high voltage discharger. The torque sensor 302 is installed on the main shaft of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103. The electrostatic inductor is installed in the electric field between the concave screen 102 and the cylindrical screen 105. The voltage regulating transformer, voltmeter, ammeter and overcurrent protector are integrally installed under the console and externally connected to the console data display to display data.

The control method of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect includes the following steps: a. Setting parameters: including defaults of threshing cylinder speed parameters and electric field intensity. The defaults is determined by the test bench according to the working condition experiment, the parameter of the simulation test and the parameter of the actual working condition are kept within a reasonable deviation range.

b. Generating the electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device 1 by the high voltage discharger, driving the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device 1 to rotate by the periodic transmission gearbox 2.

c. Detecting the electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device 1 and the spindle torque of the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device 1 by the detecting mechanism; transmitting the detection information to the control system by the detection mechanism.

d. Adjusting the number of stages of the periodic transmission gearbox 2 by the control system according to the torque; controlling the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device 1; adjusting the electric field intensity according to the rotation speed by the control system.

Wherein, particularly, the detection mechanism collects the maximum value of the periodic change of the threshing cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device 1 during the working. Then the system work with data by weighted average method, the data is the maximum value of the continuously periodic change during a certain time. At the same time, the mechanism collects the maximum value of the electric field intensity in the threshing and cleaning device 1 within a certain time during the working and transmits it to the control system. When the weighted average value of the received torque calculated by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range, the control system changes the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device I through the periodic transmission gearbox 2. When the maximum electric field intensity received by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range, the electric field intensity is adjusted according to the change of the threshing cylinder speed.

According to the embodiment 1, the control method of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect specifically comprises the following steps: Determine the defaults of the main controller: including defaults of threshing cylinder speed parameters and electric field intensity The defaults are determined by the test bench according to the working condition experiment, the parameter of the simulation test and the parameter of the actual working condition are kept within a reasonable deviation range. The main controller starts the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103 and the high voltage discharger. The control device distributes power according to the no-live load defaults and detects the load of the device.

The torque sensor 302 collects the maximum value of the periodic change of the threshing cylinder spindle torque of the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar 103 during the working. Then the system work with data by weighted average method, the data is the maximum value of the continuously periodic change during five consecutive seconds. At the same time, the electrostatic sensor collects the maximum value of the electric field intensity in the threshing and cleaning device 1 within a certain time during the working of the five consecutive seconds and transmits it to the control system. When the weighted average value of the collected torque calculated by the main controller is lower than or higher than 20% of the default, the main controller sends the comparison judgment result to the drum execution controller, the drum execution controller adjusts the periodic transmission gearbox. Then the main controller compares the maximum value of the collected electric field intensity with the default to determine whether to adjust the corresponding electric field strength according to the change of the drum speed. If necessary, the main controller send the signal to the electric field execution controller for parameter matching. In the process of parameter adjustment of the device, the current and voltage changes of the circuit are monitored in real time to determine whether the indication is out of range. If the device exceeds the range, circuit protection will be carried out, and the equipment alarm will be controlled to move and the equipment will stop. If there is no fault, the device will collect data for analysis in real time and the main controller will perform cyclic control.

Embodiment 2 A combine harvester including the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect described in embodiment 1 has the beneficial effects of embodiment 1, so it will not be repeated here.

The combine harvester comprises a conveying device, a control bridge, a threshing and cleaning device integrating inertia and electrostatic effect, a crawler and a crawler chassis The threshing and cleaning device 1 is installed at the tail of the crawler chassis and communicates with the conveying device through the feed port 1010. Electrostatic field is applied in the inner enclosed space to thresh the rice. After threshing, the rice is cleaned thoroughly under the electric field force and Coulomb repulsion force. The periodic transmission gearbox 2 is installed close to the threshing and cleaning device 1 to provide power. The control lever is externally connected to the driver's seat. The control system detects the torque of the threshing cylinder under different working conditions through a torque sensor, the control system further detects the non-periodic change of the feeding rate. Then the system automatically adjusts the number of periodic transmission gearbox 2 and the electric field force of electrostatic threshing and cleaning device 1. The crops are harvested by the harvesting device, then the crops are conveyed to the threshing and cleaning device integrating inertia and electrostatic effect for threshing and cleaning, and finally the crops are conveyed to the grain collecting box by the helix conveyor 107 and the impurity is discharged from the body It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, each embodiment may include more than one independent technical solution. This description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand The series of detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of possible embodiments of the present disclosure. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present disclosure should be included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

Claims What is claimed is: 1. A threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect, characterized by comprising a threshing and cleaning device (1), a periodic transmission gearbox (2), a detection mechanism and a control system: wherein the threshing and cleaning device (1) is internally equipped with a high voltage discharger, and the high voltage discharger generates an electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device (1); the periodic transmission gearbox (2) is connected with the threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar (103) of the threshing and cleaning device (1); the detection mechanism is configured to detect an electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device (1) and a cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device (1) and then transmit detection information to the control system; and the control system is connected with the threshing and cleaning device), the periodic transmission gearbox (2) and the detection mechanism; and the threshing and cleaning device (1) comprises a feeding head (101), a concave screen (102), a threshing cylinder combining nail-tooth and rasp-bar (103), a device shell (104), a cylindrical screen (105), a collection box (106), a helix conveyor (107), a driving gear (108), a feed inlet (1010) and a positioning gear (1011), wherein a threshing cylinder body is formed by the feeding head (101), the concave screen (102), a threshing cylinder cover plate, and the threshing cylinder combining nail-toothed and rasp-bar (103); the threshing cylinder body is installed on the device shell (104) through a spindle; the cylindrical screen (105) is engaged with both the driving gear (108) and the positioning gear (1011); the driving gear (108) is connected with an external power source and has a function of driving rotation of the cylindrical screen (105); the positioning gear (1011) is installed on the device shell (104) and has a function of rotating the cylindrical screen (105); the feed inlet (1010) is connected with the feeding head (101); the collection box (106) is placed directly below the threshing cylinder body; the helix conveyor (107) is installed at a bottom of the collection box (106).
2. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 1, wherein the tail of the threshing cylinder body inclines downward by 20 to 30 degrees.
3. The threshing and cleaning device combining Inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 1, wherein the threshing and cleaning device (1) is provided with an intercepting conveying plate (109); the intercepting conveying plate (109) is installed at the tail of the cylindrical screen (105).
4. The threshing and cleaning device combining Inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 3, wherein the intercepting conveying plate (109) comprises three sections, the first section is a semicylindrical structure and the tail inclines downward by 30 to 40 degrees, the second section is a plane plate with an angle of 50 to 60 degrees from the horizontal direction and the second section is welded with the first section; the third section is a plane plate with an angle of 20 to 30 degrees from the horizontal direction and the third section is welded with the second segment.
5. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 1, wherein the periodic transmission gearbox (2) comprises periodic transmission variable speed gears (201) and shafts, the periodic transmission variable speed gear (201) are divided into a stable transmission ratio region and a speed-changing region; the stable transmission ratio region comprises two symmetrical constant speed transmission sections; the speed-changing region includes symmetrical acceleration section and deceleration section; special shaped teeth are installed at the contact between the speed-changing region and the stable transmission ratio region section.
6. The threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 1, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a torque sensor (302) and an electrostatic sensor, the torque sensor (302) is configured to detect spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device (1), the electrostatic sensor is configured to detect electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device (1).
7. A combine harvester with the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect, characterized in that the combine harvester comprises the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
8. A control method of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to any of claims I to 6, comprising the following steps: a. setting parameters: comprising defaults of threshing cylinder speed parameters and electric field intensity; b. generating the electrostatic field in the threshing and cleaning device (1) by the high voltage discharger: driving the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device (I) to rotate by the periodic transmission gearbox (2); c. detecting the electric field intensity inside the threshing and cleaning device (1) and the spindle torque of the threshing cylinder of the threshing and cleaning device (1) by the detecting mechanism; transmitting the detection information to the control system by the detection mechanism; and d. adjusting the number of stages of the periodic transmission gearbox (2) by the control system according to the torque; controlling the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device (1): adjusting the electric field intensity according to the rotation speed by the control system.
9. The control method of the threshing and cleaning device combining inertia and electrostatic effect according to claim 8, characterized in that the detection mechanism collects maximum value of periodic change of the threshing cylinder spindle torque of the threshing and cleaning device ( I); the control system work with data by weighted average method and the data is the maximum value of continuously periodic change system during a certain time; the mechanism collects maximum value of the electric field intensity in the threshing and cleaning device (1) within a certain time during the working and the mechanism transmits the maximum value to the control system; if the weighted average value of received torque calculated by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range, the control system will change the threshing cylinder speed of the threshing and cleaning device (1) through the periodic transmission gearbox (2); and if the maximum electric field intensity received by the control system is lower or higher than the default in a certain range the electric field intensity will be adjusted according to change of the threshing cylinder speed.