GB2513287A - Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material - Google Patents
Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2513287A GB2513287A GB1219598.8A GB201219598A GB2513287A GB 2513287 A GB2513287 A GB 2513287A GB 201219598 A GB201219598 A GB 201219598A GB 2513287 A GB2513287 A GB 2513287A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- matting
- textile material
- outer layers
- respectively opposite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
- D04H1/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
In multi-layered non-woven hygroscopic fibrous textile material 1, the fibres of the material extend across the thickness of the material and respectively opposite outer layers 3, 4 of fibres are fixed in a matted state relative to the inner fibres 2. The extent of matting is sufficient to increase thermal insulation per mm thickness relative to the inner fibres, whilst still permitting the outer layer fibres to allow air circulation between and through the outer fibres, to permit moisture retention or release. Matting of the outer layers may be by water jet hydro-entanglement, needle punching or chemical bonding. The fibres are preferably wool. The textile may mimic the fleece of a sheep and may be biodegradable or be recycled and may be used for packaging to keep items hot, warm, cool or cold, such as donor organs, pharmaceuticals and food.
Description
Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material It is well known from e.g. US patent number 1601625 that the hygroscopic qualities of natural wool can be used in packaging in order to absorb moisture and/or to thermally insulate the contents, such as by the use of layers of wool fixed to the walls of a cardboard pizza storage carton as is shown in W02010/119140. However, as will be appreciated, the relatively bulky nature of wool can take up significant volume within the packaging and requires containment in e.g. individual pockets or pillows, one for each wall of the storage carton, which increases the complexity of the packaging and is conducive to mass manufacture only for specifically dimensioned and shaped cartons, where the crease lines are between respectively adjacent pockets or pillows of wool.
Packaging of the foregoing type can find use in many industry sectors, such as in the medical field where pharmaceuticals or donor organs are required to be transported over relatively long periods, such as 24 to 48 hours, but where it is essential to keep the contents of the packaging within a relatively closely defined thermal range. This may be hot, warm, cool or cold, depending upon the contents of the packaging but where, in each case, the hygroscopic properties of wool are able to assist in providing the necessary insulation and minimising the thermal gradient until delivery of the package.
An obvious problem with packaging which either contains individual pockets or pillows of wool or similar hygroscopic fibres such as jute and cotton is that they limit airflow therebetween or therethrough, thereby adversely affecting the otherwise beneficial hygroscopic properties of the fibre. Similarly, where e.g. wool is fixed to the walls of a carton as shown in W020101119140 this problem is also compounded by the use of a suitable adhesive, which also acts to limit the ability of the fibres to absorb or release moisture and is not readily usable where the carton is made of different materials, such as aluminium or plastic.
The present invention is derived from the realisation that there is a need for a simpler and more effective approach which may be used to insulate cartons made from all kinds of materials whilst retaining the benefits of the hygroscopic properties of e.g. wool used as the insulating medium, although the invention is not limited to the use of wool.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a multi-layered non-woven hygroscopic fibrous textile material in which the fibres extend across the thickness of the material, respectively opposite outer layers of fibres being fixed in a matted state relative to the inner fibres, the extent of matting being sufficient to increase thermal insulation per unit thickness relative to the inner fibres, whilst still permitting the outer layer fibres to allow air circulation between and through the outer fibres, to thereby permit moisture retention or release.
With this arrangement the textile material effectively "biomimics" a fleece of wool on a sheep, in that the outer layers of the material are matted, corresponding to the matted and hence dense wool immediately next to the skin of a sheep and the matted and dense wool on the outside of the fleece which thereby improves the insulation of the textile material without impairing the benefits of the hygroscopic properties of the fibres.
Conveniently, the textile material is comprised of fibres which have been loose needled felted prior to the respectively opposite outer layers being matted or compressed so that the inner fibres retain their relatively open nature and this may be conveniently assisted by the use of coarse wool fibres where typically the fibres have a thickness greater than about 27 microns.
The matting or compression of the respectively opposite outer layers of the textile material may conveniently be accomplished by hydroentanglement using respectively opposite water jets, although needle punching, chemical bonding or other methods may instead be used to compress or matt the respectively opposite outer layers.
Accordingly, a second aspect of the invention extends to a method of making a multi-layered non-woven hygroscopic fibrous textile material in accordance with the first aspect of the invention including the steps of orientating strands of hygroscopic fibres to form a relatively loosely bonded multi-layered fibrous material and thereafter matting or compressing respectively opposite sides of the material to produce an insulating textile material.
Conveniently, the method according to the second aspect includes matting or compressing the respectively opposite outer layers by the use of hydroentanglement, where the outer fibres of the material are matted together through the use of jets of liquid such as water and thereafter dried. Alternatively, the matting of the respectively opposite outer layers may be by needle punching or felting, or chemical bonding using a suitably breathable adhesive, such as starch. Other possible methods of matting the outer layers are not excluded.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a slab of fibrous textile material according to the first aspect of the invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic view of a method of making the textile material of Figure 1 according to the second aspect of the invention.
Referring firstly to Figure 1 there is shown an enlarged side view of part of a slab of fibrous textile material shown generally at 1 comprising a lightweight inner layer 2 and more dense respectively opposite outer layers 3, 4, with all three layers having strands of hydroscopic fibres in the form of wool orientated in the same direction. Each of the outer layers 3, 4 are originally formed from the same relatively lightweight inner material 2 but have been subsequently compressed or matted together to form respectively opposite outer skins surrounding the inner layer 2 and thereby giving, amongst other things, mechanical strength to the material 1 so that it may be cut to any desired length or shape for subsequent use as insulation within e.g. a rigid container such as a box or between side walls of a container requiring thermal insulation. The compression of the respectively opposite outer layers 3, 4 is not complete, and is such that it still allows the fibres within those layers to absorb or release moisture without acting as a pneumatic barrier to the less dense inner layer 2.
This construction closely models or "biomimics" that of a sheep's fleece and it has been found that provided the compression or matting of the layers 3, 4 is not too great so as to form a thermally conductive barrier the insulation values are potentially even better for the less-dense inner layer 2.
The textile material 1 shown in Figure 1 may be used as it is by being cut into any required length or shape, or it may be incorporated into or onto other layers of material. For example reflective foils or rigid foams may be used to assisting insulation and impact absorption etc. Figure 2 shows one of several methods that have been used to construct the textile material of Figure 1 through the process of hydroentanglement where an initially wet but uncompressed moving ribbon of unwoven textile material la is compressed by the use of oppositely disposed jet strips 5, 6 to reduce the thickness of the outer layers to form the textile 1 as shown in Figure 1. This is achieved by the jet strips 5, 6 being composed of multiple high pressure nozzles spraying fine jets of water (shown arrowed) at a pressure of e.g.100 bar out of each side of the textile 1 before it is finally formed and thereafter dried for use.
With this arrangement, by way of example, an initially 30mm thick ribbon of loose needled 800 gsm carded coarse wool was reduced to a final thickness of 20mm, with the matted and compressed outer layers each being 4mm thick.
The end result showed significantly improved thermal insulation performance as compared to the original 30mm thick ribbon, with a net 10mm space saving.
Hence, by taking a "biomimicry" approach the invention provides an elegantly simple solution to the general problem of providing high performance insulation which, after use, can biodegrade or be recycled for whatever purpose. AflS
Claims (5)
- I.Aniultilayered non-woven hygroscopc fibrous textUe material in which the fibres extend across the thickness at the material, respectivek' oppost uter layets ci ths ht'inq x'a n a ma'ted state relativc* to the inner fibres, the extent of matting beIng sufficient to increase thermal insulation per unit thickness relative to tue inner fibres, whUst cUD permitting the outer layer fibres to aDow air circulation between and throuoh the outer fibres, to thereby permit moisture retention or release.
- $.Atexfite materi according to claini 1, wherein the textile material is it) comprised ot fibres which have been loose needled totted prior to the co respectively opposite outer layers being matted or compressed so that (0 the inner fibres retain their relatively open nature.
- 3. A textile material according to claim 1 or 2. wherem the matting or compression of the respectively opposite outer layers ot the textile material is accomplished by hydroentanglement.
- 4. A textile material according to claim 3. wherein the hydroentanglernent uses respectively opposite water jets.
- 5. A textile material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the matting or compression of the respectively opposite outer k3yen of the textile rnaterml is accomplished using at east one of needle punching or chemica bonding.1$. A method of making a multi-layered non-woven hygroscopic fibrous textile material according to claim 1, the method including the steps oF orientating strands of hygroscopic fibres to form a relatively loosely bonded multi-layered fibrous material and thereafter matting or compressing tespecbvely oposfte sides of the material to produce an insulating textde material 7. A method according to claim *3, furthet comprising matting or compresstng the respectively opposite outer layers byte use of hydroentanglement.8. A method according to claim 7, further comprising drykig, the material.9. A method according to claim., further compdsing matting or compressing the respectiv&y opposite outer layers by the use of at least one of needle punching or chemical bonding.CO (0 c'J
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1219598.8A GB2513287A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
EP13786303.1A EP2914765A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-28 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
PCT/GB2013/052802 WO2014068290A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-28 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
US14/439,315 US20150299917A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-28 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1219598.8A GB2513287A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201219598D0 GB201219598D0 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
GB2513287A true GB2513287A (en) | 2014-10-29 |
Family
ID=47358954
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1219598.8A Withdrawn GB2513287A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Multi-layered non-woven insulating textile material |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150299917A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2914765A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2513287A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014068290A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2546257A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-19 | The Wool Packaging Company Ltd | Temperature controlled packaging and transportation method |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120157904A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-06-21 | Gabriele Stein | Textile fabric |
WO2012164044A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-06 | Knauf Insulation | Mineral wool product |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8905793D0 (en) * | 1989-03-14 | 1989-04-26 | Emhart Materials Uk | Graduated density felt |
DE4139180A1 (en) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-03 | Jacob Emendoerfer Nachf Baur V | Heat insulation material, esp. for buildings - comprises mixed fibre felt of sheep's wool and kapok fibres |
DE4340562A1 (en) * | 1993-03-21 | 1995-06-01 | Dierig Holding Ag | Mfr. of nonwoven material for use as insulation material |
DE4343271A1 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-06-22 | Jacob Emendoerfer Nachf Baur V | Strong, low density multilayer fibre, esp. wool, fleece strip |
US6852654B2 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2005-02-08 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Differentially entangled nonwoven fabric |
-
2012
- 2012-10-31 GB GB1219598.8A patent/GB2513287A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-10-28 WO PCT/GB2013/052802 patent/WO2014068290A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-10-28 EP EP13786303.1A patent/EP2914765A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-10-28 US US14/439,315 patent/US20150299917A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120157904A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-06-21 | Gabriele Stein | Textile fabric |
WO2012164044A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-06 | Knauf Insulation | Mineral wool product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150299917A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
WO2014068290A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
EP2914765A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
GB201219598D0 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AT | Applications terminated before publication under section 16(1) | ||
S20A | Reinstatement of application (sect. 20a/patents act 1977) |
Free format text: REQUEST FOR REINSTATEMENT FILED Effective date: 20140731 |
|
S20A | Reinstatement of application (sect. 20a/patents act 1977) |
Free format text: REQUEST FOR REINSTATEMENT ALLOWED Effective date: 20140917 |
|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |