GB2490539A - Laminated packaging sheet comprising stiff and hygroscopic fibre layers - Google Patents
Laminated packaging sheet comprising stiff and hygroscopic fibre layers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2490539A GB2490539A GB1107548.8A GB201107548A GB2490539A GB 2490539 A GB2490539 A GB 2490539A GB 201107548 A GB201107548 A GB 201107548A GB 2490539 A GB2490539 A GB 2490539A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- strands
- wool
- liner
- board
- packaging sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020965 cold beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012171 hot beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013550 pizza Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013101 initial test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/08—Corrugated paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
- B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
- B32B2317/127—Corrugated cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/20—Starch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/40—Closed containers
- B32B2439/62—Boxes, cartons, cases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/70—Food packaging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/80—Medical packaging
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
Abstract
The laminated packaging sheet comprises a stiff (rigid) layer of board, preferably cardboard, and a pliable liner secured to one side of the board. The liner comprises hygroscopic strands, preferably felted wool. The strands are compressed from their natural condition and retained in that compressed condition, preferably by needle stitching, to thereby trap air between them. Preferably the wool felt liner is fixed to the corrugated cardboard by a soluble adhesive, especially starch.
Description
Packaging Laminates This invention relates to packaging laminates and in particular sheets of such laminates that can be cut and bent to form e.g. cartons of varying shapes and sizes.
It is well known, such as from US patent number 4,765,534, to make packaging laminates in the form of corrugated cardboard in which the stiffness of the laminate is improved by the corrugations being sandwiched between respectively opposite outer layers of paper or cardboard glued to the outermost edges of the corrugations, which not only improves stiffness or rigidity but also provides a degree of impact resistance and thermal insulation. For these reasons conventional cartons for e.g. the fast food industry, such as pizza delivery cartons, are made of corrugated cardboard laminate, typically with one side of the laminate embossed or otherwise printed over with marketing information such as branding. Whilst these cartons are very cheap to produce and offer limited protection against mechanical damage to the contents, as well as being reasonably efficient for the purposes of keeping the contents warm until delivery has been made, the natural tendency of the cardboard to absorb some of the moisture from the pizza, leading to the risk of the pizza lid sagging, but not 1:'> 20 enough to absorb all the moisture from the pizza, which thereby rapidly becomes soggy throughout. The effects of both of these disadvantages increases over time so that there is a practical limit on how long it can take to deliver a freshly baked pizza before its condition or the condition of the cardboard pizza box is unacceptable to the consumer.
It is also well known from e.g. US patent number 1601625 that the hygroscopic qualities of natural wool can be used in packaging in order to absorb moisture and/or to thermally insulate the contents, such as by the use of layers of wool fixed to the walls of a cardboard pizza storage carton as is shown in W02010/119140. However, as will be appreciated, the relatively bulky nature of wool can take up significant volume within the packaging and requires containment in e.g. individual pockets or pillows, one for each wall of the storage carton, which increases the complexity of the packaging and is conducive to mass manufacture only for specifically dimensioned and shaped cartons, where the crease lines are between respectively adjacent pockets or pillows of wool.
Packaging of the foregoing type can find use in many industry sectors, such as in the medical field where pharmaceuticals or donor organs are required to be transported over relatively long periods, such as 24 to 48 hours, but where it is essential to keep the contents of the packaging within a relatively closely defined thermal range. This may be hot, warm, cool or cold, depending upon the contents of the packaging but where, in each case, the hygroscopic properties of wool are able to assist in providing the necessary insulation and minimising the thermal gradient until delivery of the package.
The present invention is derived from the realisation that there is a need for a cost effective laminate sheet which obviates the disadvantages referred to above and which may conveniently be used for producing packaging with excellent thermal characteristics and which does not substantially degrade the stiffness or rigidity of the packaging over its intended period of use.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided laminated packaging sheet for forming into a generally rigid insulated package, the sheet comprising a relatively stiff layer of board, such as corrugated cardboard, and a pliable liner secured to one side of the board, the liner being comprised of hygroscopic strands, such as felted wool, the strands being compressed from their natural condition and retained in that compressed condition, such as by needle stitching, to thereby trap air between the strands and act as a heat insulant, the strands also acting to, in use, absorb moisture therewithin or thereupon.
With this arrangement, the laminated sheet can be mass produced and subsequently cut and formed from a roll into packaging of any required shape without the need, separately, to provide insulation within the package or its contents, which may be initially hot, in the case of fast foods such as pizzas, or initially cold in the case of e.g. medicines, where the packaging may take the form of inner liners for containers made of other materials, such as metal or plastic, for transporting quantities of medicines or other material while keeping them within a required temperature and/or humidity range.
Advantageously, the hygroscopic strands are aligned, such as by felting, and, following compression, they are held in their compressed condition, such as by needle stitching, i.e. by driving hooked needles through the strands and pulling the needles out, thereby snagging some of the strands so that, instead of being aligned with the rest of the strands they are at least partially orientated transverse thereto. Conveniently, the strands may comprise a layered mix of different material, such as virgin wool for forming an outer layer and recycled wool or other material in an inner layer.
Example
Two square samples of pure wool were tested using a Fox 200 heat flow meter manufactured by LaserComp, Inc, with each sample being approximately mm2 and weighing approximately 28g. One sample was uncompressed and had a thickness of 35mm, whereas the other sample was compressed to a thickness of about 10mm. Ambient temperature was 21°C with relative humidity at 67%. The thermal plates were set at 0°C and +20°C respectively to produce a mean temperature of 10°C with water being used as the coolant to maintain these plates to within 0.03°C by means of Peltier heating and cooling. Each initial test run lasted well over 2.5 hours, during which each sample gained weight by about 0.2gms, (later tests were well over 7 hours, although it was found that by 2 hours equilibrium was generally reached). At the end of each initial test the Lambda values (W/m.°K) were, respectively, 0.0396 and 0.02983.
These tests showed conclusively and counter-intuitively that compression of the wool actually increased its thermal insulation properties, and was sufficient to show that compressed wool or wool composites can be used in packaging without seriously compromising the available space for the packaged item or the hygroscopic properties of the wool. Later tests confirmed this general principal.
A moisture permeable layer, such as a paper layer, may advantageously . 20 cover the liner so as to prevent or inhibit the hygroscopic strands from touching the contents of e.g. a carton manufactured using the laminated sheet, which carton may thereafter be recyclable or fully compostable.
Conveniently, the liner is fixed to the corrugated board by a soluble adhesive, such as starch, so that above a chosen level of water content the adhesive dissolves when e.g. the carton has been composted.
The invention also extends in a second aspect to pre-cut sheets of insulated board provided with e.g. mitres or other pre-cut shapes by which connected sections of board can thereafter be bent to form cartons having the internal shape of another container into which the board is then placed to provide thermal insulation. This is particularly advantageous where e.g. robust plastics or metal containers are being used to transport delicate goods such as human tissue or medicines requiring residence during transport within a tightly defined range of temperatures, such as between 4°-8° C for a relatively long period of time, such as 48 hours. In a similar vein, fresh food, such as meat, fish, fruit and vegetables, can be transported in strong but lightweight bins or other such containers so that they are able to withstand the mechanical handling stresses during transport, while the goods themselves are cocooned within an easily replaceable carton made from the laminated sheet of the invention, which therefore assists in protecting the contents of the carton from mechanical shock, insulates the contents sufficiently to ensure that they arrive at their destination still within the required temperature range and ensures that the correct level of humidity is maintained.
The invention in a further aspect also extends to a carton made from laminated sheet according to the invention in which the outer walls are corrugated board, such as cardboard, and the inner walls are comprised of or include hygroscopic strands as the liner, either with or without a protective but permeable cover for the liner.
In a still further aspect the invention also extends to drink containers insulated by compressed wool or wool substitute forming part of the walls of the container, or alternatively to a drink container holder for providing insulation for e.g. hot or cold drinks within a conventional drinks container, such as a paper or plastics cup.
S
* **..* * .
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* S.... * . * S. * . . 4* * I... * q. *5 I
Claims (9)
- Claims 1. A laminated packaging sheet for forming into a generally rigid insulated package, the sheet comprising a relatively stiff layer of board, such as corrugated cardboard, and a pliable liner secured to one side of the board, the liner being comprised of hygroscopic strands, such as felted wool, the strands being compressed from their natural condition and retained in that compressed condition, such as by needle stitching, to thereby trap air between the strands and act as a heat insulant, the strands also acting to, in use, absorb moisture therewithin or thereupon. c\J
- 2. A packaging sheet according to Claim 1 wherein the hygroscopic strands are aligned, such as by felting, and, following compression, they are held in their compressed condition, such as by needle stitching.C'%J
- 3. A packaging sheet according to Claim I or Claim 2 wherein the strands comprise a layered mix of different material, such as virgin wool for forming an outer layer and recycled wool or other material in an inner layer.
- 4. A packaging sheet according to any preceding Claim including a moisture permeable layer, such as a paper layer covers the liner so as to prevent or inhibit the hygroscopic strands from touching the contents of e.g. a carton manufactured using the laminated sheet.
- 5. A packaging sheet according to Claim 4 wherein the liner is fixed to the corrugated board by a soluble adhesive, such as starch, so that above a chosen level of water content the adhesive dissolves when e.g. the carton has been com posted.
- 6. A pre-cut sheet of insulated board according to any preceding Claim provided with e.g. mitres or other pre-cut shapes by which connected sections of board can thereafter be bent to form cartons having the internal shape of another container into which the board is then placed to provide thermal insulation.
- 7. A carton made from laminated sheet according to any preceding Claim in which the outer walls are corrugated board, such as cardboard, and the inner walls are comprised of or include hygroscopic strands as the liner, either with or without a protective but permeable cover for the liner.
- 8. A drink container insulated by compressed wool or wool substitute c\J forming part of the walls of the container.C\J
- 9. A drink container holder insulated by compressed wool or wool substitute for providing insulation for e.g. hot or cold drinks within a conventional drinks container, such as a paper or plastics cup.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1107548.8A GB2490539A (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Laminated packaging sheet comprising stiff and hygroscopic fibre layers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1107548.8A GB2490539A (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Laminated packaging sheet comprising stiff and hygroscopic fibre layers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201107548D0 GB201107548D0 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
GB2490539A true GB2490539A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=44243692
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1107548.8A Withdrawn GB2490539A (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Laminated packaging sheet comprising stiff and hygroscopic fibre layers |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2490539A (en) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB466873A (en) * | 1934-09-05 | 1937-06-03 | Rene Grenier | Packing devices for the transportation and preservation of ice cream |
GB586408A (en) * | 1945-01-02 | 1947-03-18 | Louis Stanley Morris | Improved box or carton |
GB1304373A (en) * | 1969-07-15 | 1973-01-24 | ||
GB2009671A (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-06-20 | Bury & Masco Ind | Pressed felt |
JPS62250259A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1987-10-31 | 丸三開発株式会社 | Keratinous fibr laminate and its production |
WO1991004152A1 (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-04-04 | Stanley Brian Payne | Composite material for the insulation of containers and containers formed therefrom |
WO1995031893A2 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1995-11-30 | Palluet Joel | Container for cultivating seedlings and method for making same |
WO2001011129A1 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-15 | Bontex, Inc. | Composite structure incorporating a composite material |
-
2011
- 2011-05-06 GB GB1107548.8A patent/GB2490539A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB466873A (en) * | 1934-09-05 | 1937-06-03 | Rene Grenier | Packing devices for the transportation and preservation of ice cream |
GB586408A (en) * | 1945-01-02 | 1947-03-18 | Louis Stanley Morris | Improved box or carton |
GB1304373A (en) * | 1969-07-15 | 1973-01-24 | ||
GB2009671A (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-06-20 | Bury & Masco Ind | Pressed felt |
JPS62250259A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1987-10-31 | 丸三開発株式会社 | Keratinous fibr laminate and its production |
WO1991004152A1 (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-04-04 | Stanley Brian Payne | Composite material for the insulation of containers and containers formed therefrom |
WO1995031893A2 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1995-11-30 | Palluet Joel | Container for cultivating seedlings and method for making same |
WO2001011129A1 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-15 | Bontex, Inc. | Composite structure incorporating a composite material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201107548D0 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |