GB2319332A - Lighting system with variable-focus lens - Google Patents
Lighting system with variable-focus lens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2319332A GB2319332A GB9723060A GB9723060A GB2319332A GB 2319332 A GB2319332 A GB 2319332A GB 9723060 A GB9723060 A GB 9723060A GB 9723060 A GB9723060 A GB 9723060A GB 2319332 A GB2319332 A GB 2319332A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- lighting system
- lens
- light
- flexible
- light source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/0011—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor with light guides for distributing the light between several lighting or signalling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
- F21S41/635—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by moving refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
- F21S41/64—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
- F21S41/645—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices by electro-optic means, e.g. liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S6/00—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing
- F21S6/002—Table lamps, e.g. for ambient lighting
- F21S6/003—Table lamps, e.g. for ambient lighting for task lighting, e.g. for reading or desk work, e.g. angle poise lamps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/003—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by interposition of elements with electrically controlled variable light transmissivity, e.g. liquid crystal elements or electrochromic devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A lighting system comprising a light source 2 and a flexible, variable-focus lens 1 in the light path to control the light beam 12, the focal distance of the lens being controlled by remote actuation of an actuator system 7-10. The lens may be liquid filled lens, the focal distance being varied by varying the volume of liquid, or a solid lens deformable by piezoelectric actuators or other means. The lighting system may form a vehicle headlight, a standard or desk lamp or part of a projector system.
Description
2319332 Lighting system The invention relates to a lighting system with a
light source and at least one optical lens inserted into the beam path of the light in.order to determine the cone of 5 light.
For many lighting systems, such as headlights for vehicles, standard lamps or ceiling light fittings, an ability to change not only the luminous intensity but also the field of illumination is often desired. Since as a 10 rule electric light sources are used, the luminous intensity can be readily adjusted by correspondingly adjusting the electrical power parameters. However, there are greater problems with the formation of the cone of light of a lighting system to influence the extent of is illumination and to determine the illumination surface.
In the cabe of headlights for vehicles, the problem of regulating the extent of illumination has hitherto been solved by switching on one of two light sources, depending on whether normal driving light or alternatively main-beam 20 light is desired, the two light sources being arranged at dif f erent spatial relations f rom the f ocussing means used. The majority of such headlights have a concave mirror as a focussing means. However, it is also known to use glass lens systems f or focussing. The characteristic of both 2 these systems is that in principle there are two settings for the extent of illumination, and hence for determining the field of illumination, namely normal driving light and main-beam light. To allow adaption to the inclination of the vehicle as a result of loading, mechanical ly-operat ing extent of illumination adjustment means are also known which are set once to the load and are not changed again until there are changes in load.
For electric torches, it is known to change the distance between the lamp and the concave mirror used as reflector in a continuously adjustable manner by means of adjustment means. By this means, the shape of the cone of light and hence also the extent of illumination can be influenced.
A pair of spectacles is known from GB Patent 1 209 234, is the "glasses" of which are each in the form of a flexible lens. The focal distance of this flexible lens can be,changed by means of an adjustment means. The. lens itself is designed as a flexible hollow body which is provided with a liquid filling. The shell of the hollow body and the liquid filling are made of a material having very good light permeability. The cavity of the lens is connected by means of a flexible hose with a small piston/cylinder system housed in the ear-piece of the spectacles. The hose and the cylinder space of the piston/cylinder system are likewise filled with liquid. By changing the position 3 of the piston with the aid of a slider control, liquid can either be conveyed into the lens cavity or be removed therefrom, so that the curvature of the lens becomes either greater or less.
It is an object of the present invention to improve a lighting system of the type referred to first hereinbefore such that.adjustment of the field of illumination of a lighting system is possible in as simple a manner as possible without the lighting system itself having to be displaced relative to the illumination surface.. Therefore, it is an object to allow alteration of the shape of the cone of light of the lighting system.
A lighting system according to the invention comprises a light source and at least one optical lens inserted into is the path of the light beam in order to set the light cone, wherein the lens is a flexible lens whose focal distance can be changed by remote actuation of an actuator system.
The flexible lens may consist of a solid material, e.g. a light-permeable flexible plastics material, with the actuator system being designed, for example, in the form of piezoelectric actuators. By means of such actuators, pressure.and/or tensile forces of different sizes which alter the lens curvature correspondingly can be exerted externally on the lens body. of course, it is also 4 possible to apply these deformation forces in a different way (e.g. by means of an electric motor, electromagnetically, hydraulically or alternatively pneumatically or purely mechanically).
Particular properties of the flexible lens can be achieved if the lens body is made of different materials in the manner of a multi-layer composite body. One embodiment of the flexible lens which is particularly advantageous comprises a liquid-filled hollow body, the volume of liquid being increased and reduced as desired by means of a corresponding filling means, in order to change the lens shape. To this end, the shell of the lens has a corresponding elasticity. The filling means may for example be in the form of a small electric pump (e.g. gear is pump).
The use of a cylinder/piston system is particularly recommended, in particular if the system driven by an electric motor. Expediently, the filling means is connected by means of a flexible line connectionj i.e. a tube connection, to the cavity of the flexible lens.
Electric lamps are preferred as light sources owing to their compact design and good adjustability. For some applications, it is recommended to arrange the light source at a relatively great distance from the flexible lens and to transmit the light from the light source by means of glass fibre optics into the zone adjacent the flexible lens. This means that the physical size of the illumination surface from the lighting system can be made 5 completely independent of the size of the light source.
An embodiment which is particularly suitable for vehicle headlights includes a concave mirror in the region of the optical axis of the flexible lens, the light source being arranged between the concave mirror and the flexible lens such that the light emerging from the light source is directed into the hollow mirror.
In order to adjust the extent of illumination, provision is made to connect the actuator system for changing the focal distance of the flexible lens to the selector switch is for switching between the driving light and main-beam light by control means. Such a vehicle headlight may if required also be arranged such that it can change its illumination cone in continuously adjustable manner, i.e. is not only varied between the two stages of driving light and main-beam light.
In a further embodiment, the lighting system is part of a standard lamp or desk lamp which has a foot and a column, the light outlet being arranged at the f ree end of the column.
6 In order to expand the possible uses of this lamp, it is recommended to design the column as a swan neck, i.e. to make it flexible and bendable. This means that the cone of light can be directed at any desired objects. The illumination surface can be set without changing the distance from the object by appropriate adaptation of the curvature of the flexible lens.
In another advantageous application the lighting system is used as a component of a projection means, e.g. a slide projector. In principle, it is possible to arrange a plurality of flexible lenses in series for the lighting system, in order to permit adjustment of the extent of illumination within as large a range as possible. For many purposes, however, it suffices completely to have a is single flexible lens.
The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a lighting system with concave mirror according to the invention, and Fig. 2 shows a desk lamp according to the invention.
The lighting system diagrammatically illustrated in Fig.
7 1 has a flexible lens 1 which has an optical axis 4. In the region of this optical axis 4, there is arranged a concave mirror 3 at a distance from the flexible lens 1, the opening of the concave mirror 3 facing the flexible 5 lens 1. Likewise in the region of the optical axis 4 (between the concave mirror 3 and the flexible lens 1), there is a light source designed as an electric lamp 2, the light outlet of which is directed into the concave mirror 3. The concave mirror 3 has the function of a reflector, and produces a reflected light, which meets the flexible lens 1 substantially in parallel beams. The f lexible lens 1 focuses the light rays at the point of focus 5.
The curvature of the flexible lens 1 can be changed by actuators (not shown), which exert tensile and/or pressure forces thereon, such that the extent of illumination of the lighting system changes, dependent thereon, i.e. the point of focus 5 is shifted to the left or right along the optical axis.
Fig. 2 shows the diagram of a desk lamp in cross-section as an example. The desk lamp has a f oot 14 to which a column 15 is joined, which is largely designed as a swan neck 6, i.e. is flexible and bendable. At the free end of the column 15, there is the light outlet side of the desk lamp. This has a flexible lens 1 and an electric bulb 2 8 arranged behind it. The flexible lens 1 is in the form of a liquid- filled hollow body, and is connected by means of a flexible tube 11 to an actuating device which is located in the lower part of the column 15.
The actuating device consists of a liquid-filled cylinder 7, in which a piston 8 is displaceably arranged. The displacement of the piston 8 is ef f ected by means of a piston rod 9, which can be displaced upwards or downwards by an electric motor drive 10. Depending on the position of the piston 8, there is a larger or smaller volume of liquid in the flexible lens 1. The curvature of the flexible lens and hence the focal distance thereof is set accordingly. The shape of the cone of light 12 of the desk lamp changes correspondingly with the curvature of is the flexible lens 1, so that the illumination surface 13 becomes larger or smaller.
The lighting system can also be used very advantageously in ceiling lighting, if it is desired to be able to illuminate surfaces of a room which are of different sizes, i.e. to be able to concentrate the brightness on those points at which it is in fact currently required. This contributes not least to saving energy. At the same time, undesirable development of heat is also reduced to a minimum.
9 With regard to a,visually attractive configuration, for example of a desk lamp or standard lamp, it may be advantageous to form the pressure actuator system for example from a glass cylinder and a glass piston, and to 5 integrate them clearly visibly in the column of the lamp. A highly transparent or alternatively even a coloured liquid could be used as liquid. In this case, it would readily be possible to use a clear, highly transparent liquid in the region of the flexible lens and a coloured 10 liquid in the region of the pressure actuator system. In order to avoid mixing of the two liquids, a separating piston which floats with them, e. g. of glass, could be provided within the cylinder space 7 or within the tube 11. The supply of current to actuate the actuator system is can be ensured without difficulty from the same source which is available anyway to supply the electric lamp.
Claims (11)
1. A lighting system comprising a light source and at least one optical lens inserted into the path of the light beam in order to set the light cone, wherein the lens is a flexible lens whose focal distance can be changed by remote actuation of an actuator system.
2. A lighting system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the lens has an elastic shell and a liquid filling, the volume of which can be increased and reduced by means of a filling device in order to change the lens shape.
3. A lighting system as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the filling device is a cylinder/piston system driven by an electric motor.
4. A lighting system as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the is cylinder/piston system is connected by a tube to the flexible lens.
5. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the lens is formed of an elastic plastics material deformable by pressure or tensile forces initiated by externally controllable actuators, in particular piezoelectric actuators.
6. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the light source is in the f orm, of an electric bulb.
7. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the light source is at a distance from the f lexible lens and glass f ibre optics are provided f or transmitting light into the vicinity of the flexible lens.
8. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein a concave mirror is provided along the optical axis of the flexible lens and wherein the light source is arranged between the concave mirror and the flexible lens, the light emerging from the light source being directed into the con cave mirror.
9. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the lighting system is designed as a vehicle is headlight, with the actuator system for changing the focal distance of the flexible lens being actuatable by means of the selector switch for selecting driving light and mainbeam light.
10. A lighting system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
10. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the lighting system is designed as a standard lamp or desk lamp with a foot and a column, the light outlet being arranged at the free end of the column.
12
11. A lighting system as claimed in Claim 10, wherein the column is a flexible swan neck.
12. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the lighting system is a component of a projection means.
13. A lighting system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
12 Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows Claims 1 A lighting system comprising a light source and at least one optical lens inserted into the path of the light beam in order to set the light cone, wherein the lens is formed of an elastic plastics material deformable by pressure or tensile forces initiated by an externally controllable actuator system to change the focal distance of the lens.
2. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the actuator system is a piezoelectric actuator system.
3. A lighting system as claimed in either Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the light source is in the form of an electric bulb.
4. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the light source is at a distance from the flexible lens and glass fibre optics are provided for transmitting light into the vicinity of the flexible lens.
5. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein a concave mirror is provided along the optical axis of the flexible lens and wherein the light source is arranged between the concave mirror and the flexible lens, the light emerging from the light source being directed into the concave mirror.
6. A lighting system as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the lighting system is designed as a vehicle headlight, with the actuator system for changing the focal distance of the flexible lens being actuatable by means of the selector switch for selecting driving light and mainbeam light.
7. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the lighting system is designed as a standard lamp or desk lamp with a foot and a column, the light outlet being arranged at the free end of the column.
8. A lighting system as claimed in Claim 7, wherein the column is a flexible swan neck.
9. A lighting system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the lighting system is a component of a projection means.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19648620A DE19648620C2 (en) | 1996-11-12 | 1996-11-12 | Lighting system for illuminating an adjustable lighting field |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9723060D0 GB9723060D0 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
| GB2319332A true GB2319332A (en) | 1998-05-20 |
Family
ID=7812615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9723060A Withdrawn GB2319332A (en) | 1996-11-12 | 1997-10-31 | Lighting system with variable-focus lens |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19648620C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2755749A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2319332A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102022701B (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2012-08-29 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Desk lamp with adjustable illuminating directions |
| TWI416040B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-11-21 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Desk lamp capable of adjusting illumination direction |
| CN105444043A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆市光遥光电节能科技有限公司 | Fiber transmission eye-protective desk lamp |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10005795C2 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2003-06-12 | Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh | Headlamp with a number of individual light emitters |
| DE10321564A1 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-12-16 | Audi Ag | Vehicle headlamp having a piezo-optical element which affects the optical properties of the light emitting surface |
| DE102004029057A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-12 | Carl Zeiss | Lighting device and optical observation device |
| FR3068110B1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-08-09 | Valeo Vision | LUMINOUS MODULE WITH VARIABLE LIGHTING |
| CN109539056B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2023-08-25 | 赣州市众恒光电科技有限公司 | Adjustable industrial and mining lamp of light-emitting angle with balanced internal pressure differential of lamp |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3600063A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1971-08-17 | Thomas R Bowen | Varifocal beam spreader |
| US4380374A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1983-04-19 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company | Variable focal length projection lens for use on overhead projectors |
| EP0351792A2 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-24 | Artemide Sidecar S.R.L. | Table lamp |
| US5438486A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-08-01 | Mcnair; Edward P. | Headlights with variably shaped optical elements |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1209234A (en) * | 1968-03-11 | 1970-10-21 | Nat Res Dev | Improvements in or relating to variable focus lenses |
| FR2188098B3 (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1975-08-08 | Ducellier & Cie | |
| JPS59178426A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-09 | Canon Inc | Shading device |
| JP2662593B2 (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1997-10-15 | 名古屋大学長 | Variable focus lens and its focus control device |
| FR2683296B1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1994-01-28 | Angenieux Ets Pierre | VARIABLE ILLUMINATED FIELD LIGHTING SYSTEM. |
| DE4429496A1 (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vehicle headlamp |
| DE4436620A1 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-04-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Motor vehicle headlamp with reflector, light source and light permeable element |
-
1996
- 1996-11-12 DE DE19648620A patent/DE19648620C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-31 GB GB9723060A patent/GB2319332A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-06 FR FR9713942A patent/FR2755749A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3600063A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1971-08-17 | Thomas R Bowen | Varifocal beam spreader |
| US4380374A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1983-04-19 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company | Variable focal length projection lens for use on overhead projectors |
| EP0351792A2 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-24 | Artemide Sidecar S.R.L. | Table lamp |
| US5438486A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-08-01 | Mcnair; Edward P. | Headlights with variably shaped optical elements |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102022701B (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2012-08-29 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Desk lamp with adjustable illuminating directions |
| TWI416040B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-11-21 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Desk lamp capable of adjusting illumination direction |
| CN105444043A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆市光遥光电节能科技有限公司 | Fiber transmission eye-protective desk lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19648620C2 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
| FR2755749A1 (en) | 1998-05-15 |
| GB9723060D0 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
| DE19648620A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |