GB2315695A - Eliminating casting defects by applying pressure - Google Patents
Eliminating casting defects by applying pressure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2315695A GB2315695A GB9715583A GB9715583A GB2315695A GB 2315695 A GB2315695 A GB 2315695A GB 9715583 A GB9715583 A GB 9715583A GB 9715583 A GB9715583 A GB 9715583A GB 2315695 A GB2315695 A GB 2315695A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- pressure
- cylinder block
- pressurizing
- applying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
- B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
- B23P6/04—Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
- B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A method of eliminating casting defects includes the steps of taking a casting out of a casting mold and applying a pressure to the casting taken out of the casting mold. The pressure is so determined as not to strike blows against the casting and as to be larger than a force required to crush casting defects. A rolling member such as a roller or a ball may be applied to the casting. Alternatively a bar pressurizing member may be applied to a specific portion of the surface. The casting may be heated before the pressure is applied thereto or while the pressure is applied thereto, suitably to a semi-molten state. The method may be applied to a cylinder block for an engine die-cast from aluminium.
Description
METHOD OF ELIMINATING CASTING DEFECTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the invention
This invention relates to a method of eliminating casting defects generated on the surface of a casting or in the inside of the casting in the vicinity of the surface thereof.
2. Description of the prior art
Casting defects such as blowholes or cavities tend to be generated in castings. Such casting defects, when generating on the surface of the casting, spoil an appearance thereof. Moreover, the casting defects tend to result in a failure in fulfillment of functions required of cast products. Furthermore, the surface of the casting is sometimes machined. The casting defects are exposed on the surface as the result of machining when they are in the inside of the casting in the vicinity of the surface thereof. This results in extreme inconvenience. Accordingly, it has been desired to eliminate the casting defects generated on the surface of the casting or in the inside of the casting in the vicinity of the surface thereof. The surface or the inside of the casting in the vicinity of its surface will hereinafter be referred to as "surface layer."
Japanese patent publication No.1-159135 (1989) discloses a conventional method of eliminating the casting defects generated in the surface layer of the casting. In the disclosed method, the surface of a casting taken out of a casting mold is heated to a temperature allowing easy plastic deformation of the surface. Blows are struck against the surface of the casting with a hammer etc. to crush blowholes or the like formed during solidification of the casting, thereby eliminating the casting defects from the surface layer of the casting. Consequently, cavities are prevented from being exposed on the surface of the casting even when the casting surface is machined.
Shot peening etc. is employed to strike blows against surface portions of the casting which cannot be hammered.
In the above-described method, the blows need to be strong enough to crush the blowholes etc. when struck against the surface layer of the casting by the hammer or a number of shots. However, the casting tends to be cracked or distorted when the blows are so strong as to crush the blowholes. As a result, the above-described conventional casting defects eliminating method can be used only under limited conditions and cannot be used in many cases.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to realize a method of eliminating casting defects generated in the surface layer of the casting without the casting's being cracked or distorted.
Another object of the invention is to realize a method of eliminating casting defects generated in the surface layer of the casting without striking blows against the casting.
Further another object of the invention is to realize a method of efficiently pressurizing the surface of the casting by compact pressurizing means.
Further another object of the invention is to realize a method of efficiently refining casting defects generated in the surface layer of the casting.
Further another object of the invention is to realize a method of efficiently eliminating casting defects generated in specific portions of the casting.
Further another object of the invention is to realize a method of preventing fins from being formed on corners of the casting when the casting surface is pressurized.
Further another object of the invention is to realize a method of eliminating the casting defects generated in the surface layer of the casting by application of a small force thereto.
The present invention provides a method of eliminating casting defects comprising the steps of taking a casting out of a casting mold and applying a pressure to the casting taken out of the casting mold, the pressure being so determined as not to strike blows against the casting and as to be larger than a force required to crush casting defects.
In a preferred form of the invention, a rolling member is rolled on a surface of the casting so that the pressure is applied to the casting.
The rolling member preferably comprises a roller or a ball.
In another preferred form, a pressurizing member for applying the pressure to the casting is moved in a direction crossing a direction in which the pressurizing member applies the pressure to the casting, thereby applying the pressure to a predetermined range of a surface of the casting. Alternatively, a bar pressurizing member continuously applies the pressure to a specific portion of a surface of the casting while being axially displaced. The casting is advantageously heated before the pressure is applied thereto or while the pressure is being applied thereto. It is desirable that the casting be heated into a semi-molten state.
In further another preferred form, another pressure is applied to a portion of the casting to be machined subsequently to the step of applying the pressure to the casting. Alternatively, the method comprises the additional step of cutting a skin of the casting until a portion of the casting defect is nearly reached between the taking-out step and the pressure applying step.
This invention will be understood better upon a reading of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and claims with reference to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.1 is a sectional view of a cylinder block attached to a pressurizing mechanism illustrative of a first embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.2(A) and 2(B) are sectional views of the cylinder block attached to the pressurizing mechanism illustrative of a second embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG.3 is a sectional view of the cylinder block attached to the pressurizing mechanism illustrative of a third embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.4(A) to 4(E) are side views of various types of pressurizing pins used in a fourth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention; FIG.5 is a sectional view of the cylinder block attached to the pressurizing mechanism illustrative of a fifth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.6(A) to 6(C) are a side view and perspective views of pressurizing rollers used in the method of the fifth embodiment;
FIG.7 is a sectional view of the cylinder block attached to the pressurizing mechanism illustrative of a sixth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.8(A) to 8(C) are sectional views of the cylinder block illustrative of a seventh embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.9(A) to 9(D) are sectional views of the cylinder block illustrative of an eighth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG.10 is a sectional view of the front milling cutter and balls illustrative of a ninth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.11(A) and 11(B) are sectional views of a lathe used in a tenth embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS.12(A) and 12(B) are side views of the casting and roller illustrative of an eleventh embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG.13 is a side view of the casting and roller illustrative of a method of pressurizing a casting with corners.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
First embodiment:
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.1. In the first embodiment, a cylinder block 2 for an engine is die-cast from aluminum. The method of the first embodiment is directed to eliminating casting defects on an upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 and cavities etc. present in a predetermined range of thickness from the surface 2u. This range of the cylinder block 2 will hereinafter be referred to as "surface layer".
The term "pressurizing" has the same meaning as "applying pressure to" throughout the description. Referring to FIG.1, a method is illustrated of applying pressure to or pressurizing the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 by pressure applying or pressurizing pins 6 mounted on a pressure applying or pressurizing mechanism 4. The pressurizing mechanism 4 can be ascended and descended. The pressurizing mechanism 4 is descended so that the pressurizing pins 6 are slowly abutted against the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2.
Thereafter, the pressurizing mechanism 4 is further descended after the pins 6 are slowly abutted against the upper surface 2u, whereupon the pressurizing pins 6 apply a predetermined pressure to the cylinder block 2. The pressure applied to the cylinder block 2 is set at such a value that cavities K etc. present in the surface layer of the cylinder block 2 can reliably be crushed. No blows are struck against the casting (the cylinder block 2, in the embodiment) while the pressure is being applied to the casting. Each pressurizing pin 6 is formed into the shape of a bar and applies the pressure to the surface of the casting at a portion of the distal end thereof abutted against the casting surface.
The cylinder block 2 is positioned so that the cavities K etc. are located directly below the pressurizing pins 6 when the locations of the cavities etc. are previously measured. Under this condition, the pressuring mechanism 4 is descended from an original position to a lower limit position so that the cavities K etc. in the surface layer of the cylinder block 2 are slowly crushed, whereupon the structure of the surface layer of the casting is rendered sound. In this descent of the pressurizing mechanism 4, the descending speed of the pressurizing mechanism 4 is slow so that no blows are struck against the cylinder block 2 when the pressurizing pins 6 come into contact with the upper surface 2u thereof. The pressurizing mechanism 4 is ascended to the original position upon completion of the pressurization against the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. Thus, the pressurizing mechanism 4 is descended from the original position to the lower limit position and then ascended from the lower limit position to the original position. This operation of the pressurizing mechanism 4 will hereinafter be referred to as "one cycle operation."
Second embodiment:
The pressurizing mechanism 4 is operated by one cycle every time the cylinder block 2 is horizontally moved a predetermined distance, as shown in FIGS.2(A) and 2(B), in the case where the positions of the cavities etc. cannot be specified. As a result, the pressure is applied over the upper surface 2u such that the casting defects can reliably be eliminated.
Third embodiment:
FIG.3 illustrates a method of applying pressure to the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 by a pressure applying or pressurizing mechanism 14 provided with fin removing cutters C.
The pressurizing mechanism 14 is descended relative to the cylinder block 2 positioned at a reference position to thereby be positioned so that the fins B of the cylinder block 2 can be cut off by the cutters C.
Furthermore, the pressurizing pins 6 are also positioned nearly directly above the cavities K etc. of the cylinder block 2 positioned at the reference position. Accordingly, the pressurizing mechanism 14 is operated one cycle so that cutting off the fins B of the cylinder block 2 and pressurizing the upper surface 2u thereof can simultaneously be executed.
Fourth embodiment:
FIGS.4(A) to 4(E) illustrate several types of pressurizing pins 6 mounted on the pressurizing mechanism 4. FIG.4(A) shows a flat plate-shaped pressurizing pin 6a used to uniformly pressurizing the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. FIG.4(B) shows a needle pressurizing pin 6b used to pressurize the upper surface 2u to thereby crush the casting defect located deeper in the surface layer. FIG.4(C) shows a semispherical pressurizing pin 6c used to partially pressurize the upper surface 2u to thereby crush the casting defect located near the upper surface 2u in the surface layer. FIG.4(D) shows a bar pressurizing pin 6d having a flat distal end. The pressurizing pin 6d is also used to partially pressurize the upper surface 2u to thereby crush the casting defect located near the upper surface 2u in the surface layer as the semispherical pressurizing pin 6c. FIG.4(E) shows a pressurizing pin 6e formed to have a suitable shape according to the location, size, etc. of the casting defect.
Pressure is applied to a casting surface or the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 in the foregoing embodiment. However, when the locations of the cavities etc. are previously specified, the upper surface 2u can be pressurized after being cut so that the portion near the cavities etc. is exposed. Consequently, the cavities etc. can efficiently be crushed.
Furthermore, the property of adhesion taking place after the crush of the cavities etc. is improved when the cylinder block 2 containing a sufficient amount of residual heat due to the casting operation is heated. Additionally, a force required for crushing the cavity can be rendered smaller.
According to the above-described embodiment, the pressure is applied to the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. The pressure is determined so as to crush the cavities etc. formed in the cylinder block 2. Consequently, since the cavities etc. in the surface layer of the cylinder block 2 are reliably crushed, the structure of the surface layer is rendered sound. Accordingly, an occurrence of quality failure due to the casting defects can be prevented even when the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is machined at a subsequent step.
Furthermore, no blows are struck against the casting when it is pressurized. Consequently, the casting can be prevented from being broken or distorted.
Furthermore, pressurizing the cylinder block 2 is an independent process executed after the cylinder block 2 has been taken out of the casting mold. Since a pressurizing mechanism need not be incorporated in the casting machine, the construction of the casting machine can be prevented from being complicated. Additionally, the pressure can optionally be applied to any portion of the cylinder block 2.
Fifth embodiment:
A fifth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS.5 to 6(C). A pressure applying or pressurizing roller 26 is used to apply pressure to the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 in the fifth embodiment. The pressurizing roller 26 is mounted on pressurizing means (not shown) so as to be pressed against the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 to thereby apply thereto a pressure sufficient to crush the cavities etc. in the surface layer of the cylinder block 2. The pressurizing roller 26 may be moved along the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2.
Alternatively, the cylinder block 2 may transversely be moved with the pressuring roller 26 being held at a predetermined position.
Consequently, the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 can uniformly be pressurized.
FIGS.6(A) to 6(C) illustrate some types of pressurizing rollers used in the fifth embodiment. FIG.6(A) shows a pressurizing roller 26a having a larger diameter at its axially central portion. As shown, the pressurizing roller 26a can partially pressurize the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. FIG.6(B) shows a pressurizing roller 26b comprising a cylindrical member having mesh grooves formed on the surface thereof. This construction of the pressurizing roller 26b can prevent itself or the upper surface 2u from being slipped. FIG.6(C) shows a pressurizing roller 26c comprising a cylindrical member having a number of needle pins on the surface thereof. This construction of the pressurizing roller 26c can also prevent itself or the upper surface 2u from being slipped. Moreover, the pressurizing roller 26c can apply pressure deeper inside the cylinder block 2.
In the fifth embodiment, too, the pressure sufficient to crush the cavities etc. formed in the cylinder block 2 is applied to the upper surface 2u thereof. Consequently, since the cavities etc. in the surface layer of the cylinder block 2 are reliably crushed, the structure of the surface layer is rendered sound. Furthermore, since the pressurizing roller 26 or the like is used to apply pressure to the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2, a wide range of the upper surface 2u can uniformly be pressurized by a compact mechanism.
Sixth embodiment:
FIG.7 illustrates a sixth embodiment of the invention. The upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is pressurized by a distal end 36f of a pressurizing pin 36 in the sixth embodiment. Furthermore, the pressurizing pin 36, being rotated about its axis, is moved transversely along the upper surface 2u. More specifically, the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is caulked by the distal end 36f of the pressurizing pin 36.
According to the method of the sixth embodiment, the casting defects formed on the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 can satisfactorily be refined and furthermore, the cavities etc. inside the cylinder block 2 can also be crushed.
Seventh embodiment:
FIGS.8(A) to 8(C) illustrate a seventh embodiment of the invention. In the seventh embodiment, the cylinder block 2 is heated before the upper surface 2u thereof is pressurized by the abovedescribed pressurizing pin 6 or 36 or the pressurizing roller 26. As the result of the heating, the cylinder block 2 is easy to be plastically deformed and accordingly, the cavities etc. can efficiently be crushed by a relatively small pressure.
The cylinder block 2 is continuously heated until the portions thereof to which the pressurizing pin 6 or 36 etc. applies pressure are changed to a semi-molten state in which the casting can maintain a predetermined configuration and can be plastically deformed by an external force smaller than in a solidified state. When the cylinder block 2 is pressurized in the semi-molten state, the casting defects tend to be easily refined or the cavities etc. are crushed such that adhered metal portions tend to be melted and bonded together. Furthermore, air entrained in the cylinder block 2 is expanded when the cylinder block is in the semi- molten state. The cavities are broken down by pressure due to the expansion of the entrained air. Consequently, the entrained air is easily discharged out of the casting.
FIG.8(A) shows a heating manner used when the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is uniformly pressurized. The entire surface of the cylinder block 2 is heated by a burner 2b disposed around the cylinder block 2. FIG.8(B) shows a heating manner used when the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is partially pressurized.
Portions of the cylinder block 2 to be pressurized are heated by the burner 2b positioned at a predetermined location. FIG.8(C) shows a heating manner used when the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is uniformly pressurized. The burner 2b is moved along the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 so that the upper surface is uniformly heated. The pressurizing roller 26 and the burner 2b are moved at an equal speed in the same direction.
According to the seventh embodiment, the cylinder block 2 is heated until it is changed to the semi-molten state. Accordingly, the air, if entrained in the cylinder block 2, is expanded to blow off to the outside. The upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is pressurized by the pressurizing pin 6 or 36 after the air etc. blows off.
Consequently, the cavities etc. formed inside the cylinder block 2 can reliably be crushed. Furthermore, a joint of the casting defects and the portions adhered together as the result of crush of the cavities etc.
are melted to be bonded together. Consequently, the structure of the part in the range of predetermined thickness from the upper surface 2u is rendered further sound as compared in the case where the cylinder block 2 is only pressurized.
Eighth embodiment:
FIGS.9(A) to 9(D) illustrates an eighth embodiment of the invention. The cylinder block 2 is simultaneously pressurized and heated in the eighth embodiment. This method can reduce the cycle time as compared with the case where the cylinder block is pressurized after having heated.
FIG.9(A) shows a pressurizing mechanism 54 on which the pressurizing pins 6 are mounted. The pressurizing mechanism 54 is provided with a function of oscillating on a horizontal plane as viewed in FIG.9(A). This function can oscillate the pressurizing pins 6 while the pins are pressurizing the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2.
The pressurizing pins 6 are oscillated without striking blows against the cylinder block 2, being kept in contact with the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. Upon oscillation of the pressurizing pins 6 in their pressurizing state, a frictional heat is produced between the pressurizing pins 6 and the cylinder block 2, thereby heating the pressurized portions of the cylinder block 2. Thus, the cylinder block 2 can simultaneously be pressurized and heated. Furthermore, since no heating means such as burners is required, energy saving and reduction in the equipment cost can be achieved.
FIG.9(B) shows a pressurizing shaft 55 axially rotatable and horizontally movable and a pressurizing pin 6y eccentrically mounted on a distal end of the shaft 55. The upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2 is gouged by a distal end of the pressurizing pin 6y when the pressurizing shaft 55 is rotated while the pressurizing pin 6y is pressurizing the upper surface 2u. Consequently, a frictional heat is produced between the pressurizing pin 6y and the cylinder block 2, thereby heating the pressurized portions of the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2.
FIG.9(C) shows the pressurizing roller 26 whose rotational speed is set to be higher than a revolving speed required for its movement so that the roller 26 slides on the upper surface 2u of the cylinder block 2. Consequently, the frictional heat is produced between the pressurizing roller 26 and the cylinder block 2, thereby heating the cylinder block while its upper surface 2u is being pressurized by the pressurizing roller 26.
FIG.9(D) shows a pressurizing mechanism 58 provided with heaters 58h for heating the pressurizing pins 6. In this construction, too, the cylinder block 2 can be heated while its upper surface 2u is being pressurized.
The invention is applied to the elimination of casting defects in the cylinder block in the embodiment shown in FIGS.9(A) to 9(D).
However, the invention may be applied to castings other than the cylinder block.
Ninth embodiment:
FIG.10 illustrates a ninth embodiment of the invention Balls 62r are pressed against the surface of a casting W and then rolled to pressurize the surface.
FIG.10 exemplifies a face cutter 62 in which the balls 62r are mounted instead of chips thereof. The balls 62r are rotatably accommodated in semispherical recesses 63k of a dividable support block 63 respectively. A part of each ball 62r projects out of the recess 63k so as to press the casting W. The support blocks 63 are fixed to one side of the face cutter 62. As the result of this construction, an upper surface wu of the casting W can efficiently be pressurized by the balls 62r when the face cutter 62 is used to machine the upper surface wu of the casting W.
Tenth embodiment:
FIGS.11(A) and 11(B) each exemplify a lathe 64 in which a ball 64r is mounted on a cutting tool 64b instead of a chip. The ball 64r is rotatably accommodated in a support block 65 in the same manner as in the above-described face cutter 62. The support block 65 accommodating the ball 64r is fixed to a distal end of the cutting tool 64b. As the result of this construction, an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical casting W (see FIG.11(A)) or an inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical casting W (see FIG.11(B)) can efficiently be pressurized when the ball 64r mounted on the cutting tool 64b is fed relative to the casting W set on a spindle 64m of the lathe 64.
According to the tenth embodiment, the ball 62r or 64r is used as the pressurizing means. Since the pressurizing means is brought into a substantial point contact with the surface of the casting W, the pressure can be concentrated. Consequently, since a pressing force which the face cutter 62 or cutting tool 64b applies to the casting W is rendered small, the casting W can effectively be prevented from being split or deformed.
Eleventh embodiment:
FIGS.12(A) and 12(B) illustrate an eleventh embodiment of the invention. In the eleventh embodiment, the formation of fins at corners of the casting W is prevented when the surface of the casting
W is pressurized.
As shown in FIG.13, when the upper surface wa of the casting W having a corner B is pressurized by the roller 70r or ball, the pressurized portion of the casting W is plastically deformed so that the material is caused to flow toward the corner B, whereupon a fin wb is formed at the corner B of the casting W. Accordingly, the corner ws of the casting W is previously chamfered in view of the flow of material due to pressurization, as shown in FIGS.12(A) and 12(B). When the upper surface wa of the casting W having the chamfered corner ws is pressurized by the roller 70r or ball, the pressurized portion wc is plastically deformed so that the material is caused to flow toward the corner ws. However, the flown material is absorbed into the chamfered corner and accordingly, no fin is formed. Consequently, definning need not be executed for the casting W at a subsequent step.
According to the method of the invention, the casting is pressurized with no blows being struck against it. Consequently, the casting can be prevented from being split or deformed. Furthermore, since pressurizing the casting renders the structure of its surface layer sound, an occurrence of quality failure due to the casting defects can be prevented even when the upper surface of the casting is machined at a subsequent step.
The foregoing description and drawings are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and are not to be construed in a limiting sense. Various changes and modifications will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. All such changes and modifications are seen to fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method of eliminating casting defects comprising the steps of:
taking a casting out of a casting mold; and
applying a pressure to the casting taken out of the casting mold, the pressure being so determined as to strike no blows against the casting and as to be larger than a force required to crush casting defects.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein a rolling member is rolled on a surface of the casting so that the pressure is applied to the casting.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the rolling member comprises a roller.
4. A method according to claim 2, wherein the rolling member comprises a ball.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein a pressurizing member for applying the pressure to the casting is moved in a direction crossing a direction in which the pressurizing member applies the pressure to the casting, thereby applying the pressure to a predetermined range of a surface of the casting.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein a bar pressurizing member continuously applies the pressure to a specific portion of a surface of the casting while being axially displaced.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is applied to the casting so that corners of the casting are chamfered.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the casting is heated before the pressure is applied thereto or while the pressure is being applied thereto.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the casting is heated into a semi-molten state.
10. A method according to claim 8, wherein a pressurizing member for applying the pressure to the casting is moved in contact with the casting relative thereto so that a frictional heat resulting from the relative movement of the pressurizing member is applied to the casting to heat the same.
11. A method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is applied to a portion of the casting to be machined subsequently to the step of applying the pressure to the casting.
12. A method according to claim 1, comprising the additional step of cutting a skin of the casting until a portion of the casting defect is nearly reached between the casting taking- out step and the pressure applying step.
13. A method of eliminating casting defects substantially as described herein with reference to the drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19865596 | 1996-07-29 | ||
| JP762997A JPH1094869A (en) | 1996-07-29 | 1997-01-20 | Method for removing cast defect |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9715583D0 GB9715583D0 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| GB2315695A true GB2315695A (en) | 1998-02-11 |
Family
ID=26341962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9715583A Withdrawn GB2315695A (en) | 1996-07-29 | 1997-07-23 | Eliminating casting defects by applying pressure |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1094869A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2315695A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0993891A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-19 | Water Gremlin Company | Pressure casting of battery terminals |
| US6202733B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2001-03-20 | Robert W. Ratte | Apparatus and method of forming battery parts |
| US6405786B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2002-06-18 | Water Gremlin Company | Apparatus and method of forming parts |
| WO2008109073A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-12 | Mts Systems Corporation | Method and apparatus to relieve residual stress or distortion in a heat processed article by applying first heat and then pressure |
| US7838145B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2010-11-23 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery part |
| US8497036B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2013-07-30 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US8512891B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2013-08-20 | Water Gremlin Company | Multiple casting apparatus and method |
| US8701743B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2014-04-22 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts and associated systems and methods |
| US9748551B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2017-08-29 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US9954214B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-04-24 | Water Gremlin Company | Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts |
| US11038156B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2021-06-15 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4605909B2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2011-01-05 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Method for improving surface properties of cast steel |
| JP5039635B2 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2012-10-03 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | Casting part with flange and mold used for casting |
| JP5962172B2 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2016-08-03 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Cylinder bore machining method |
| CN108856259A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 高梓祺 | Automatic peeling device and barking method based on PLC control |
| CN114905027A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-16 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Method and apparatus for producing cast article |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB567281A (en) * | 1943-11-16 | 1945-02-06 | Alfred Gordon Evans Robiette | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles |
| US3954514A (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1976-05-04 | Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. | Textureless forging of beryllium |
| GB1528210A (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1978-10-11 | Mannesmann Roehren Werke Ag | Method and an apparatus for hardening the surface of a workpiece |
| GB2014071A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-08-22 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Continuous casting of steel |
| JPS56128635A (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1981-10-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Casting defect treatmemt for low melting point metallic casting material |
| EP0137684A2 (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-04-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Surface finishing process |
| US5443201A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-08-22 | Framatome | Method and device for repairing a defective zone of the wall of a metal part and in particular of a tubular part |
| US5442847A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-08-22 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method for thermomechanical processing of ingot metallurgy near gamma titanium aluminides to refine grain size and optimize mechanical properties |
-
1997
- 1997-01-20 JP JP762997A patent/JPH1094869A/en active Pending
- 1997-07-23 GB GB9715583A patent/GB2315695A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB567281A (en) * | 1943-11-16 | 1945-02-06 | Alfred Gordon Evans Robiette | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles |
| GB1528210A (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1978-10-11 | Mannesmann Roehren Werke Ag | Method and an apparatus for hardening the surface of a workpiece |
| US3954514A (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1976-05-04 | Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. | Textureless forging of beryllium |
| GB2014071A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-08-22 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Continuous casting of steel |
| JPS56128635A (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1981-10-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Casting defect treatmemt for low melting point metallic casting material |
| EP0137684A2 (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-04-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Surface finishing process |
| US5443201A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-08-22 | Framatome | Method and device for repairing a defective zone of the wall of a metal part and in particular of a tubular part |
| US5442847A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-08-22 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method for thermomechanical processing of ingot metallurgy near gamma titanium aluminides to refine grain size and optimize mechanical properties |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WPI accession no 81-86020D/198147 & JP 56 128 635 A * |
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6202733B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2001-03-20 | Robert W. Ratte | Apparatus and method of forming battery parts |
| EP0993891A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-19 | Water Gremlin Company | Pressure casting of battery terminals |
| US6405786B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2002-06-18 | Water Gremlin Company | Apparatus and method of forming parts |
| US8512891B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2013-08-20 | Water Gremlin Company | Multiple casting apparatus and method |
| US9034508B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2015-05-19 | Water Gremlin Company | Multiple casting apparatus and method |
| US9190654B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2015-11-17 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts and associated systems and methods |
| US7838145B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2010-11-23 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery part |
| US8202328B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2012-06-19 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery part |
| US8701743B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2014-04-22 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts and associated systems and methods |
| US10283754B2 (en) | 2004-01-02 | 2019-05-07 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts and associated systems and methods |
| WO2008109073A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-12 | Mts Systems Corporation | Method and apparatus to relieve residual stress or distortion in a heat processed article by applying first heat and then pressure |
| US8497036B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2013-07-30 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US9917293B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2018-03-13 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US9935306B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2018-04-03 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US8802282B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2014-08-12 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US10910625B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2021-02-02 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US11942664B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2024-03-26 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US9748551B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2017-08-29 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US10181595B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US9954214B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-04-24 | Water Gremlin Company | Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts |
| US10217987B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-26 | Water Gremlin Company | Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts |
| US11038156B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2021-06-15 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods |
| US11283141B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2022-03-22 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods |
| US11804640B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2023-10-31 | Water Gremlin Company | Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1094869A (en) | 1998-04-14 |
| GB9715583D0 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| GB2315695A (en) | Eliminating casting defects by applying pressure | |
| CA2558010A1 (en) | Powdered metal multi-lobular tooling and method of fabrication | |
| JP4407825B2 (en) | Extrusion molding method and extrusion molding apparatus | |
| JP2000213551A (en) | End piece pressure contact type hollow camshaft | |
| JPH09280255A (en) | Bearing outer ring and inner ring blanks having flat part on raceway bottom, manufacture thereof, and mandrel and roll to be used therefor | |
| JPH0242035B2 (en) | ||
| US4398407A (en) | Sizing of powder metal parts | |
| JP2004306062A (en) | Method of machining vehicle wheel | |
| JPH08243678A (en) | Die device for forging | |
| KR101791385B1 (en) | Integral Type Cotter Pin Manufacturing Method | |
| EP1725356B1 (en) | Cold nozzle for laser processing | |
| JPH06285576A (en) | Apparatus and method for manufacturing rocking-forming punch | |
| JP3048815B2 (en) | Method of processing tablet dividing line using laser beam | |
| JPH04342887A (en) | Forming metallic mold for scroll and its machining method | |
| JPS5813250B2 (en) | Crankshaft rough forging method | |
| JP2003088933A (en) | Method and device for forging crank shaft | |
| JP2750928B2 (en) | Insert positioning method in die casting machine | |
| JP2001001094A (en) | Apparatus for working ball spherical surface | |
| JPH1177222A (en) | Manufacture of outer wheel of constant velocity universal joint | |
| JP2941666B2 (en) | Swaging method of pipe | |
| JP3344657B2 (en) | Machining method for annular workpiece | |
| JP2004202098A (en) | Method of manufacturing golf club head | |
| JP2543827B2 (en) | How to attach the boss to the pulley plate | |
| RU94037976A (en) | Tools for shaping of inner cylindrical holes by method of plastic deformation | |
| JP3336711B2 (en) | Mold equipment for injection molding |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |