GB2133928A - Coatings for semiconductor devices - Google Patents

Coatings for semiconductor devices Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2133928A
GB2133928A GB08332301A GB8332301A GB2133928A GB 2133928 A GB2133928 A GB 2133928A GB 08332301 A GB08332301 A GB 08332301A GB 8332301 A GB8332301 A GB 8332301A GB 2133928 A GB2133928 A GB 2133928A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
compound
coating
junction
layer
inp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08332301A
Other versions
GB8332301D0 (en
GB2133928B (en
Inventor
Robert Charles Goodfellow
Andrew Canon Carter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plessey Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Plessey Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plessey Co Ltd filed Critical Plessey Co Ltd
Priority to GB08332301A priority Critical patent/GB2133928B/en
Publication of GB8332301D0 publication Critical patent/GB8332301D0/en
Publication of GB2133928A publication Critical patent/GB2133928A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2133928B publication Critical patent/GB2133928B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/29Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
    • H01L23/298Semiconductor material, e.g. amorphous silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/31Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
    • H01L23/3157Partial encapsulation or coating
    • H01L23/3171Partial encapsulation or coating the coating being directly applied to the semiconductor body, e.g. passivation layer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/40Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/43Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/432Heterojunction gate for field effect devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/40Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/43Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/47Schottky barrier electrodes
    • H01L29/475Schottky barrier electrodes on AIII-BV compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/80Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
    • H01L29/802Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with heterojunction gate, e.g. transistors with semiconductor layer acting as gate insulating layer, MIS-like transistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • H01L31/10Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
    • H01L31/101Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
    • H01L31/102Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/0004Devices characterised by their operation
    • H01L33/0037Devices characterised by their operation having a MIS barrier layer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/44Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/20Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
    • H01S5/22Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
    • H01S5/227Buried mesa structure ; Striped active layer
    • H01S5/2275Buried mesa structure ; Striped active layer mesa created by etching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/30Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
    • H01S5/32Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
    • H01S5/323Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
    • H01S5/3235Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser emitting light at a wavelength longer than 1000 nm, e.g. InP-based 1300 nm and 1500 nm lasers
    • H01S5/32391Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser emitting light at a wavelength longer than 1000 nm, e.g. InP-based 1300 nm and 1500 nm lasers based on In(Ga)(As)P

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
  • Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)

Abstract

The performance of semiconductor devices having p-n junctions is often impaired by current leakage across the junction at the surface of the device where the p-n junction is exposed. Coating the junction with a conventional insulator, such as silicon, aluminium or titanium oxide is not very successful for reducing this leakage and whilst nitride and oxide layers deposited on InP and InGaAsP semiconductors make good insulators, charge accumulation at the oxide/ semiconductor interface can cause adverse effects on performance. It is thus proposed to use the group III-V ternary compound AlAsSb or AlGaAsSb as a semi-insulating passivating medium (22) for InP and InGaAsP devices and as an insulating material in MIS devices. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Coatings for semiconductor devices This invention relates to coatings for semiconductor devices and particularly to coatings for the insulation and passivation of semiconductor devices.
The performance of semiconductor devices having p-n junctions is often impaired because leakage currents shunt the junction at the surface of the device where p-n junction(s) are exposed.
The leakage path is probably due to minority carrier recombination at surface states and conduction due to surface contaminants. Coating with conventional insulators such as silicon oxides, silicon nitride, boron nitride, Al2O3, Ti2O3, etc. is normally only marginally successful in suppressing and passivating against such current leakage.
Nitride and oxide layers deposited on InP and InGaAsP semiconductors make good insulators but charge accumulation at the oxide/semiconductor interface can cause drifting and other adverse effects.
It is an object of the present invention therefore to provide a coating for a semiconductor which will reduce or prevent such leakage currents without having adverse effects on the performance of the semiconductor.
According to the present invention a coating for a semiconductor comprises a layer of a compound of at least one Group Ill element selected from aluminium and gallium and at least one Group V element selected from arsenic and antimony.
Preferably the compound is a ternary compound.
Thus, the compound may be aluminium arsenide antimonide or gallium arsenide antimonide. Alternatively the compound may be quaternary and comprise aluminium gallium arsenide antimonide.
Preferably the compound has a formula of AlAs1~xSbx whereby the composition can be adjusted to deposit a lattice matched layer of the compound.
Thus, for example, if x=0.35 a lattice matched epitaxial layer of Also 65 So 35 can be deposited on to an InP or an InGaAsP device.
The material with x=0.35 will have an indirect bandgap around 1.95eV and the undoped material will have a high resistivity. The material can be deposited either by established liquid phase epitaxial growth techniques, by Molecular Beam Epitaxy or by Metallorganic Chemical Vapour Deposition techniques.
The coating with epitaxial near lattice matched AlAsSb will make the device effectively more planar, it will cause saturation of surface dangling bonds and therefore reduction of surface states and will protect the exposed junctions from contamination.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through an InGaAs/lnP p-i-n photodiode having a passivating coating in accordance with the invention Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view through an InP or InGaAs/lnP metal insulator semiconductor field effect transistor having a semi-insulating coating in accordance with the invention and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view through an AlAsSb/GalnAsP double heterostructure multilayer for light sources and detectors.
The coating can be used to suppress the current leakage which shunts the device p-n junction by passivating the device against surface contamination and to form an insulating or semiinsulating layer on the surface of the device which would not tend to become charged.
An illustration of the former use is shown in Figure 1. This shows a laser layer structure comprising an InP substrate 10 having an n type InP buffer layer 12. On the buffer layer is arranged an InGaAs active laser layer 14, a p type InP layer 16 and a metal contact 18. Further metal contacts 20 are arranged on the opposite side or rear of the substate 10. Extending between the substrate 10 and the edges of the metal contact 18 is a passivating infil 22 of AlAsSb which also covers the sides of the layer 12, 14 and 16. The infil 22 suppresses current leakage from the p-n junction and forms a heterojunction barrier for the laser. This provides heterobarriers of around 1 eV compared to 0.35 eV for a conventional device.
The infil of AlAsSb can be used in both stripe and buried heterostructure laser geometries.
The field effect transistor shown in Figure 2 comprises a semi-insulating InP substrate 24 and an InP or InGaAs n type channel layer 26.
Metallised areas 28 and 30 formed on this layer provide drain and source contacts respectively and between these areas is arranged an AISbAs semi-insulating layer 32. A gate 34 is formed on the layer 32 by metallising a further area. The device shown in Figure 3 is suitable for a light source or detector and consists of an n type InP substrate 36, an n type AlAsSb layer 38, an active GalnAsP layer 40, a p type AlAsSb layer 42 and a p type GalnAs layer 44.

Claims (8)

Claims
1. A coating for a semiconductor comprising a layer of a compound of at least one group Ill element selected from aluminium and gallium and at least one group V element selected from arsenic and antimony.
2. A coating as claimed in claim 1 in which the compound is a ternary compound.
3. A coating as claimed in claim 2 in which the compound comprises aluminium arsenide antimonide.
4. A coating as claimed in claim 2 in which the compound comprises gallium arsenide antimonide.
5. A coating as claimed in claim 1 in which the compound comprises the quaternary compound aluminium gallium arsenide antimonide.
6. A coating as claimed in claim 3 in which the compound has the formula AIAs(1-x) Sbx whereby the composition can be adjusted to deposit a lattice matched layer of the compound.
7. A coating as claimed in claim 6 in which the compound has the formula AlAs06s So 35 whereby the compound is lattice matched to InP and InGaAsP semiconductor devices.
8. A coating for a semiconductor substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1,2 or 3 of the accompanying drawings.
GB08332301A 1982-12-04 1983-12-02 Coatings for semiconductor devices Expired GB2133928B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08332301A GB2133928B (en) 1982-12-04 1983-12-02 Coatings for semiconductor devices

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8234653 1982-12-04
GB08332301A GB2133928B (en) 1982-12-04 1983-12-02 Coatings for semiconductor devices

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8332301D0 GB8332301D0 (en) 1984-01-11
GB2133928A true GB2133928A (en) 1984-08-01
GB2133928B GB2133928B (en) 1986-07-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08332301A Expired GB2133928B (en) 1982-12-04 1983-12-02 Coatings for semiconductor devices

Country Status (1)

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GB (1) GB2133928B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4794439A (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-12-27 General Electric Company Rear entry photodiode with three contacts
WO2006013034A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Semiconductor element with a passivation layer and method for production thereof
WO2017085200A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-26 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Light-emitting diode chip, and method for manufacturing a light-emitting diode chip

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1111991A (en) * 1965-02-25 1968-05-01 Nat Res Dev Method of passivation of pn junction devices
GB2013028A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-08-01 Western Electric Co Semiconductor device
GB1563270A (en) * 1975-12-13 1980-03-26 Sony Corp Methods of forming oxide layers on semiconductor substrates
GB1565990A (en) * 1975-12-19 1980-04-30 Philips Electronic Associated Semiconductor device having a passivated surface
GB2046994A (en) * 1979-04-10 1980-11-19 Chemla D Cot L Jerphagnon J Insulatorsemiconductor structure
GB1594246A (en) * 1976-12-31 1981-07-30 Philips Nv Semiconductor device having a passivating layer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1111991A (en) * 1965-02-25 1968-05-01 Nat Res Dev Method of passivation of pn junction devices
GB1563270A (en) * 1975-12-13 1980-03-26 Sony Corp Methods of forming oxide layers on semiconductor substrates
GB1565990A (en) * 1975-12-19 1980-04-30 Philips Electronic Associated Semiconductor device having a passivated surface
GB1594246A (en) * 1976-12-31 1981-07-30 Philips Nv Semiconductor device having a passivating layer
GB2013028A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-08-01 Western Electric Co Semiconductor device
GB2046994A (en) * 1979-04-10 1980-11-19 Chemla D Cot L Jerphagnon J Insulatorsemiconductor structure

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4794439A (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-12-27 General Electric Company Rear entry photodiode with three contacts
WO2006013034A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Semiconductor element with a passivation layer and method for production thereof
JP2008508700A (en) * 2004-07-30 2008-03-21 フラウンホーファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツル フェルデルング デル アンゲヴァンテン フォルシュング エー ファウ Semiconductor device provided with passivation layer and method for manufacturing the semiconductor device
US7745908B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2010-06-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Semiconductor component containing compound of aluminum, gallium, indium, arsenic, and antimony has mesa structure whose sides have passivation layer of compound of aluminum, gallium, arsenic, and antimony
WO2017085200A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-26 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Light-emitting diode chip, and method for manufacturing a light-emitting diode chip
US10580938B2 (en) 2015-11-19 2020-03-03 Osram Oled Gmbh Light-emitting diode chip, and method for manufacturing a light-emitting diode chip

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8332301D0 (en) 1984-01-11
GB2133928B (en) 1986-07-30

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