GB2125358A - Device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line - Google Patents
Device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2125358A GB2125358A GB08321443A GB8321443A GB2125358A GB 2125358 A GB2125358 A GB 2125358A GB 08321443 A GB08321443 A GB 08321443A GB 8321443 A GB8321443 A GB 8321443A GB 2125358 A GB2125358 A GB 2125358A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- conveyor line
- tank
- pressure tank
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
- B65G53/06—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials
- B65G53/10—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials with pneumatic injection of the materials by the propelling gas
- B65G53/12—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials with pneumatic injection of the materials by the propelling gas the gas flow acting directly on the materials in a reservoir
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/66—Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A pressure tank 3 and conveyor line 1 or-in the case of two pressure tanks-the two pressure tanks are connected to a differential pressure gauge and the shut-off device 14 is controllable in dependence upon the differential pressure gauge 27. In this way a particular differential pressure can be preset which, as long as the setting is unchanged, remains constant and which is solely determinative for the opening of the shut-off device of the pressure tank, so that independently of the extent of the conveying pressure in the conveyor line a constant pressure difference between the initial pressure and the conveying pressure can be maintained. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line
This invention relates to a device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line.
In previously proposed devices for introducing bulk material Into a pneumatic conveyor line, a store for the bulk material, in the form of at least one pressure tank, is connected to a compressed air line and to a line for supplying the material. The material outlet of the tank opens into the conveyor line or into the material inlet of a second pressure tank connected thereafter and is adapted to be closed by a controllable shutoff device.
In the operation of these devices, after filling of tank with the bulk material is completed, the pressure tanks are brought to a particular pressure, the so-called initial pressure, in order to adapt the pressure to the conveying pressure prevailing in the conveyor line or in order to cause material which does not flow easily to move more easily and to flow out, through a difference in pressure between the pressure tank and the conveyor pipe. The said initial pressure is set on a contact manometer and is completely independent of conveyor line pressure, so that, in the case of iarge pressure differences, when the shut-off device is opened an intense expansion can occur or surges in pressure and in the flow of material in the conveyor line, which means that the material impinges on the pipe line wall with increased friction.This results in the disadvantage that intense abrasion and fracture of the grains of material and consequently a high proportion of fractured grains occur.
It is an object of the invention to reduce or avoid surges in pressure and in the flow of material and to reduce or prevent the disadvantages resulting therefrom.
According to the present invention there is provided a device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line, wherein at least one pressure tank for receiving the bulk material is connected to a source of compressed air and has an inlet for the bulk material, the tank having an outlet for bulk material opening into the conveyor line or into the inlet of a second pressure tank which is connected in series with the first tank and the outlet of which opens into said conveyor line, there being a controllable shut-off device for the outlet of the or the first tank, and wherein a differential pressure gauge is connected between the conveyor line and the one tank or between the two tanks, and means are provided for controlling said shut-off device in dependence upon the differential pressure gauge.
Depending upon whether only one pressure tank is provided or two are provided, a measurement lead is arranged between the pressure tank and the conveyor line or between the two pressure tanks, into which the differential pressure gauge is connected. A conventional commercial instrument can be used as differential pressure gauge, preferably one with a switching arrangement, for instance a so-called differential pressure switch.
Through the application of a differential pressure gauge it is possible to preset a particular differential pressure between the pressure tank and conveyor line or between a first and a second pressure tank and to make the shut-off device dependent thereon, i.e. the shut-off device opens the material outlet exclusively in dependence upon the preset differential pressure which, as long as the setting is not altered, remains constant; this constancy in differential pressure reliably guarantees a steady and gentle conveyance of the material.
In order to enable the invention to be more readily understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate diagrammatically and by of example two embodiments thereof, and in which: Figure 1 shows the layout of a device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line incorporating only one pressure tank,
Figure 2 is a block diagram of control elements for the device shown in Figure 2, and
Figure 3 is a layout, similar to Figure 1 , of a device with two pressure tanks arranged one above the other.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, there is shown a device for feeding pulverulent or granular bulk material, for example powdered milk or flour, into a pneumatic conveyor line 1, which during operation is acted upon by compressed air supplied in the direction of arrow 2 by a known compressor (not shown), and is expediently equipped with a shut-off device (not shown) for shutting-off the flow of delivery air. A pressure tank 3, serves as a store for the material, the tank having a funnel-shaped base 4 which terminates in a central elbow-shaped material outlet connection 5 which opens into the conveyor line 1. A material inlet connection 7 is provided in a cover 6 of the pressure tank 3 and is connected via a shut-off valve 8 constructed as a solenoid valve, with a material delivery line 9.In addition, an air vent 10 is arranged on the cover 6, and includes a vent valve 11, likewise constructed as a solenoid valve, for connecting the pressure tank 3 to the atmosphere. A pipe-line 12 is provided for charging the pressure tank 3 with compressed air, the pipe-line 12 branching off from the conveyor line 1 and being connected to the cover 6 through a solenoid valve 13 which serves to shut off and allow the flow of compressed air.
An adjustable shut-off device is located in the material outlet connection 5 of the pressure tank 3 and has the form of a shut-off flap 14, an adjusting lever 1 5 of which is articulatedly connected via a tie rod 16 with the piston rod 17 of a cylinder piston system 20 consisting of a piston 1 8 and a cylinder 1 9. The cylinder 19 can be connected on each side of the piston 18 to a source 24 of compressed air or to the atmosphere via pipe-lines 21 and 22 and a solenoid valve 23.
The pressure tank is equipped with two conventional commercial signal transmitters, for example capacitive filling level indicators, which monitor the level of material in the tank or degree of filling of the tank, and respond when a pre-set level of material is reached, namely a filling level indicator 25 for indicating when the pressure tank 3 is full and a filling level indicator 26 for indicating when the pressure tank 3 is empty.
In order to control the shut-off flap 14 in dependence upon a pre-set differential pressure between the pressure tank 3 and the conveyor line 1, a differential pressure gauge in the form of a conventional commercial differential pressure switch 27 is provided, the switch being adapted to respond and switch over in response to an adjustable pressure. The differential pressure switch 27 is connected by a pipe-line 28 to the pressure tank 3 and by a pipe-line 29 to the conveyor line 1.
The control members and the connections for controlling the operation of the device are shown in the block diagram according to Figure 2.
The control comprises a switch 30 to switch on the device manually, a second switch 31 to switch off the device manually, a relay 32 with a holding contact 32a and contacts 32b, 32c and 32d, a relay 33 with a holding contact 33a and contacts 33b, 33c, 33d and 33e, a relay 34 with a holding contact 34a and a contact 34b and a relay 35 with contacts 35a and 35b, Two control voltage leads 36 and 37, across which, for example, a control voltage of 220 volts is applied, serve to provide current to the solenoid valves and relays.
The electric circuit diagram shown in Figure 2 has seven current paths, which are each formed by an electrically conducting branch circuit 38, 39, 40, 41, 42,43 or 44 respectively, connected to the control voltage leads 36 and 37. The branch 38 includes a series arrangement of the two switches 30 and 31, the contact 35a of the relay 35, and the relay 32, the holding contact 32a of the relay 32 being connected parallel to the switch 30 via a branch 45. inserted in series in the branch 39 are the contact 32b of the relay 32, the contact 33b of the relay 33 and the shut-off valve 8. In the branch 40, a contact 25a of the filling level indicator 25, the contact 32c of the relay 32 and the relay 33 are arranged in series, while the holding contact 33a of the relay 33 is connected in parallel to the contact 25a by means of a branch 46.In the branch 41, the contact 33dot the relay 33 and the solenoid valve 13 are arranged in series. The branch 42 includes a series arrangement of the contact 33e of the relay 33, a contact 27a of the differential pressure switch 27 and the relay 34, while the holding contact 34a of the relay 34 is connected in parallel to the contact 27a by a branch 47. in the branch 43, the contact 34b of the relay 34, the contact 35b of the relay and the solenoid valve 23 are arranged in series, while a contact 26a of the filling level indicator 26 and the relay 35 are arranged in series in a branch 48 which is connected in parallel to the contact 35b and the solenoid valve 23 and which is directly connected to the control voltage lead 37.
Finally, the branch 44 includes the contact 33c of the relay 33, the contact 32d of the relay 32 and the vent valve 11 in series.
The control sequence of the device, in dependence upon the differential pressure gauge is as follows. in the initial position, i.e. when the control is not operative, all the valves are closed with the exception of the vent valve 11 and the switch contacts of the relays 32 to 35, of the filling level indicators 25,26 and of the differential pressure switch 27 have the switching position shown in Figure 2.
Through actuation of the switch 30 by hand, the feeding device is set in operation. The switch 30 makes the relay 32 and the latter pulls up because the contact 35a of the relay 35 is closed at this time - and closes its contacts 32a to 32d and is held by its holding contact 32a. Via the contact 32b, the shut-off valve 8 is made operative so that it opens and material flows out of the material delivery line 9 via the material inlet connection 7 into the pressure tank 3 and the latter is filled. As soon as the level of material in the pressure tank 3 reaches the pre-set maximum, the filling level indicator 25 (Figure 1) responds and closes its contact 25a (Figure 2) whereby, since contact 32c is closed, the relay 33 is activated and pulls up and is held by way of its holding contact 33a.At the same time, the contacts 33c, 33d and 33e of the relay 33 are closed and its contact 33b is opened. The contact 33b of the relay 33 disconnects the shut-off valve 8 so that the valve closes and therefore interrupts the supply of material into the pressure tank 3.
The contact 33c closes the circuit for the vent valve 11 via the already closed contact 32d of the relay 32 and thus shuts off the air vent 11. The contact 33doperates the solenoid valve 13 so that it opens and the pressure tank is acted upon by compressed air from the pipeline 12, namely until the preset pressure difference, to which the differential pressure switch 27 responds, is reached, i.e. until the air pressure in the pressure tank 3 is equal to or somewhat greater than that in the conveyor line 1. As soon as this is the case the differential pressure switch 27 responds and with the aid of its contact 27a via the already closed contact 33e. it closes the circuit for the relay 34, which pulls up and closes its contacts 34a and 34b.
The holding contact 34a holds the relay 34 pulled up. The contact 34h, because the contact 35b of the relay 35 is closed at this time, operates, the solenoid valve 23, so that the latter switches over and connects the pipeline 22 with the source of compressed air and the pipeline 21 with the atmosphere, whereby the piston 1 8 of the cylinder/piston system 20 is acted upon on the piston rod side. Through this, the piston rod 1 7 and piston 1 8 are moved to the left in Figure 1 and by the agency of the connecting rod 16 and of the adjustable lever 1 5 the shut-off flap 14 is opened and therefore the material outlet connection 5 of the pressure tank 3 is released.The material flows out of the pressure tank 3 into the conveyor line 1 where it is taken up by the current of compressed air and transported to the material delivery point.
The volume of material flowing out of the pressure tank 3 is replaced by the volume of the compressed air flowing in via the pipeline 12 and solenoid valve 1 3.
When such a quantity of material has flowed out of the pressure tank 3 that the preset minimum level of material is reached, the filling level indicator 26 associated with this level of material responds (Figure 1) and closes its contact 26a (Figure 2), whereby the relay 35 is actuated.
The latter pulls up and opens its contacts 35a and 35b. The contact 35a, on opening, interrupts the circuit of the relay 32 which is thus deenergized and opens its contacts 32a to 32d.
Through the opening of the contact 32c of the relay 32, the relay 33 is disconnected from the circuit so that this is also deenergized and opens its contacts 33a, 33c, 33d, 33e and closes its contact 33b. Through the opening of the contacts 32d and 33c, the circuit of the vent valve 11 is interrupted, this is opened and the pressure tank 3 is evacuated to atmosphere. At the same time, as a result of the opening of the contacts 32b and 33d, the shut-off valve 8 and the solenoid valve are switched over, i.e. the solenoid valve 1 3 blocks the supply of compressed air via the pipeline 12 to the pressure tank 3, and the shut-off valve 8 opens the connection between the material delivery line 9 and the material inlet connection 7, so that material flows into the pressure tank 3 once again.Because the contact 33e of the relay is opened, the relay 34 is disconnected and deenergized whereby its contact 34b is opened causing both the circuit of the relay 35 and also the circuit of the solenoid valve 23 to be interrupted. When the relay 35 is deenergized, the contacts 35a and 35b are closed again and the solenoid valve 23 is switched over and consequently the cylinder 1 9 of the cylinder/ piston system 20 is connected via the pipeline 21 with the source of compressed air 24 and via the pipeline 22 with the atmosphere, so that the piston 18 and piston rod 1 7 move to the right in
Figure 1 and close the shut-off flap 14 via the tie rod 1 6 and the adjustable lever 1 5. Therefore, at the same time as the shut-off valve 8 opens, the shut-off flap 14 is closed again. Expediently, the shut-off valve 8 is opened with a delay, to ensure that the excess pressure in the pressure tank 3 ia already reduced via the air vent 10, when the material begins to flow into the pressure tank 3 again. With the closing of the shut-off flap 14, the working cycle or control cycle is ended and the device is ready to commence a new working cycle which when the next preset material level maximum is reached, is again disconnected by the filling level indicator 25 in the manner described above.
Through actuation of the switch 31, the device can be brought out of operation at any time. The embodiment of the device shown in Figure 3, with two pressure vessels, offers the possibility instead of the periodic feeding of the material into the pneumatic conveyor line as carried out by the device shown in Figures 1 and 2, of obtaining a continuous flow of material in the pneumatic conveyor line with the aid of a material buffer connected in series in the form of a second pressure tank. Where in the device according to
Figure 3 the same structural elements as in the device according to Figure 1 and 2 are used, these have been designated by a reference numeral increased by 100.
The device comprises a pneumatic conveyor line 101 , for conveying compressed air in the direction of the arrow 1 02, and containing a current regulating valve 150, a first pressure tank 103 as store for the material and a second pressure tank 1 51 connected to the outlet side of the tank 103, as a vessel to receive material and act as a buffer. The pressure tank 103, which corresponds to the pressure tank 3 of embodiment shown in Figure 1, has a base 104 with a material outlet connection 105, a cover 106 with a material inlet connection 107 which is connected via a shut-off valve 108 to a material delivery line 109, and with an air vent 110, into which a vent valve 111 is inserted. The pressure tank 103 is connected to the conveyor line 101 via a pipeline 112 with connected-in solenoid valve 113.
The pressure tank 151 has a cover 152, a base 153, a material inlet connection 1 54 and a material outlet connection 1 55 opening into the conveyor line 101.
A pipeline 1 56 incorporating a current regulating valve 1 57 of known construction provides a connection between the pipeline 112 and the pressure tank 151. The material outlet connection 105 and the pressure tank 103 and the material inlet connection 1 54 of the pressure tank 151 are connected with each other via a shut-off valve 114, which is controllable in dependence upon a differential pressure switch 127, which is connected via a pipeline 129 to the pipeline 156 and via a pipeline 128 to the pressure tank 103. A pneumatic cylinder/piston system 120 with piston rod 11 7, piston 118 and cylinder 11 9 serves to actuate the shut-off valve 114 in the sense of opening and closing it.The piston side and the piston rod side of the cylinder 119 can each be connected via pipe lines 121 and
122 with a source of compressed air 124 or with the atmosphere by operation of a solenoid valve
123. The device shown in Figure 3 is partly controlled by two filling level indicators 125 and
126 associated with the pressure tank 103, of which the filling level indicator 125 monitors the preset maximum material level and the filling level indicator 1 26 monitors the preset minimum material level.
The remaining structural elements of the control and the electric connections are similar to those of the embodiment described with reference to Figure 1 as shown in the block diagram of
Figure 2 and which were described above.
The functioning cycle of the control corresponds to that of the embodiment described with reference to Figure 1; the difference here is that the material flowing out of the pressure tank 103 does not flow directly into the pneumatic conveyor line 101, but firstly flows into the second pressure tank 151 and forms a buffer there, in order to then flow out of the material outlet connection 155 of this pressure tank 151 into the conveyor line 101. The control settings are such that the pressure tank 151 never becomes empty, i.e. a certain material buffer always remains in it and consequently material is delivered continuously into the conveyor line 101. The regulation of inflow and outflow in the pressure tank can take place in various ways, e.e. through a corresponding distribution of air current in the conveyor line 101 and pipeline 156 with the aid of the current regulating valves 150 and 157.
Claims (4)
1. A device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line, wherein at least one pressure tank for receiving the bulk material is connected to a source of compressed air and has an inlet for the bulk material the tank having an outlet for bulk material opening into the conveyor line or into the inlet of a second pressure tank which is connected in series with the first tank and the outlet of which opens into said conveyor line, there being a controllable shut-off device for the outlet of the or the first tank, and wherein a differential pressure gauge is connected between the conveyor line and the one tank or between the two tanks, and means are provided for controlling said shut-off device in dependence upon the differential pressure gauge.
2. A device as claimed in Claim 1, wherein in the case where the device comprises only one pressure tank, the tank and the conveyor line are connected via a measurement line in which the differential pressure gauge is incorporated.
3. A device as claimed in Claim 1, wherein in the case where the device comprises two pressure tanks, the tanks are in communication via a measurement line in which the differential pressure gauge is incorporated.
4. A device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823230315 DE3230315C2 (en) | 1982-08-14 | 1982-08-14 | Device for introducing bulk material into a pneumatic pressure delivery line |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8321443D0 GB8321443D0 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
| GB2125358A true GB2125358A (en) | 1984-03-07 |
| GB2125358B GB2125358B (en) | 1985-08-29 |
Family
ID=6170902
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08321443A Expired GB2125358B (en) | 1982-08-14 | 1983-08-09 | Device for the introduction of bulk material into a pneumatic conveyor line |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3230315C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2531684A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2125358B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4400029A1 (en) * | 1994-01-03 | 1995-07-06 | Nfi Ingenieurbuero Und Anlagen | Regulated metered conveyor system |
| WO2007000589A2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Clean Cat Technologies Limited | Pneumatic conveying velocity control device, apparatus and method |
| WO2007004899A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Darryl John Sinclair | Fluidising apparatus for transfer of particulate material |
| WO2007057667A1 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-24 | Clean Cat Technologies Limited | Vacuum conveying velocity control apparatus and method for particulate material |
| CN102698654A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-10-03 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Feeding and batching system |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19503413C2 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1997-10-23 | Klein Alb Gmbh Co Kg | Device for introducing bulk material into a conveyor line |
| DE102012224054A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Device for conveying a fuel |
| CN103287874A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-11 | 南通三鑫重工机械有限公司 | Yangtze-River-side bulk cargo ship-loading system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2743964A (en) * | 1950-04-18 | 1956-05-01 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Refractory-metal body scarfing pneumatic powder dispensing apparatus |
-
1982
- 1982-08-14 DE DE19823230315 patent/DE3230315C2/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-08-09 GB GB08321443A patent/GB2125358B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-10 FR FR8313157A patent/FR2531684A1/en active Granted
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4400029A1 (en) * | 1994-01-03 | 1995-07-06 | Nfi Ingenieurbuero Und Anlagen | Regulated metered conveyor system |
| WO2007000589A2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Clean Cat Technologies Limited | Pneumatic conveying velocity control device, apparatus and method |
| WO2007000589A3 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-02-15 | Clean Cat Technologies Ltd | Pneumatic conveying velocity control device, apparatus and method |
| WO2007004899A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Darryl John Sinclair | Fluidising apparatus for transfer of particulate material |
| WO2007057667A1 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-24 | Clean Cat Technologies Limited | Vacuum conveying velocity control apparatus and method for particulate material |
| US8491228B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2013-07-23 | Brian Snowdon | Vacuum conveying velocity control apparatus and method for particulate material |
| CN102698654A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-10-03 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Feeding and batching system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3230315A1 (en) | 1984-02-16 |
| GB2125358B (en) | 1985-08-29 |
| FR2531684A1 (en) | 1984-02-17 |
| FR2531684B3 (en) | 1985-02-15 |
| GB8321443D0 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
| DE3230315C2 (en) | 1986-11-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |