GB2068090A - Closure for ram-jets - Google Patents
Closure for ram-jets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2068090A GB2068090A GB8101393A GB8101393A GB2068090A GB 2068090 A GB2068090 A GB 2068090A GB 8101393 A GB8101393 A GB 8101393A GB 8101393 A GB8101393 A GB 8101393A GB 2068090 A GB2068090 A GB 2068090A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- closure
- combustion chamber
- prestressing
- prestressed
- destruction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K7/00—Plants in which the working fluid is used in a jet only, i.e. the plants not having a turbine or other engine driving a compressor or a ducted fan; Control thereof
- F02K7/10—Plants in which the working fluid is used in a jet only, i.e. the plants not having a turbine or other engine driving a compressor or a ducted fan; Control thereof characterised by having ram-action compression, i.e. aero-thermo-dynamic-ducts or ram-jet engines
- F02K7/18—Composite ram-jet/rocket engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/97—Rocket nozzles
- F02K9/978—Closures for nozzles; Nozzles comprising ejectable or discardable elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Closure for air inlet apertures 2 leading to a combustion chamber especially in a ramjet rocket propulsion engine with a pyrotechnically functioning striker device for the destruction of the closure at the end of the launching phase and at the beginning of the cruising phase of the engine, the cover being constructed as a hollow body 4 and consisting of a prestressed material such as glass, in which the prestressing in relation to the wall thickness decreases from the inside surface 4a towards the outside surface 4b, the pyrotechnic striker device 6, comprising charge 5 and balls 7, being situated in the interior of the hollow body. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Combustion chamber closure means primarily for the air inlet aperture of a rocket combustion chamber
This invention relates to a destructible closure for an inlet duct communicating with a combustion chamber especially one in a rocket ramjet propulsion engine and a striker device for destroying the cover at the end of the launching phase and begining of the cruise phase, the striker being activated by generated pressures.
In a ramjet rocket engine, as disclosed in U.S.
Patent 3901028, a solid rocket propellant is provided for the launching phase which brings the projectile up to the high flight velocity required for operation of the ramjet to provide sufficient air at adequate pressure for the cruising phase. During the latter phase oxygen from the ar is caused to react in the combustion chamber with gases which have a high proportion of propellant and which are generated by a solid fuel. The chamber is followed by a convergent-divergent thrust nozzle serving to convert the pressure energy generated in the combustion chamber into reaction force.In order to ensure that the air inlet apertures leading into the combustion chamber will remain closed during the launching phase, the inlets are provided with closures of frangible material which, after the termination of the launching phase and at the commencement of the cruising phase, are destroyed by extraneous forces, so that the air inlet apertures are then unobstructed. Owing to the prevailing ram air pressure the fragments of the cover are forced out through the combustion chamber and the thrust nozzle. The closure may be destroyed by a pyrotechnic charge or mechanical striker device using a prestressed spring.
The difficulties arising are to ensure that the closure will be destroyed at the desired instant and caused to break-up into small fragments, so as not to cause damage to the projectile or internal parts of the propulsion unit or other projectiles in the vicinity.
This invention seeks to provide a closure with a material which, on the destruction of the cover, will not be detrimental to the safety of the engine unit or other projectiles used at the same time, and wherein the destruction of the cover will take place at a moment calculated in advance.
According to this invention there is provided a closure means for the air inlet aperture of a combustion chamber, the closure comprising a hollow body of a prestressed material of which the degree of prestressing in relation to the wall thickness decreases from the inside towards the outside, a pyrotechnic striker device being located within the interior of the body and serving to destroy the closure on activation.
Free destruction bodies, such as a large number of small balls, may be associated with the striker device.
The closure of this invention serves to seal the entry to the air inlet of a combustion chamber and disintegrates when destroyed into tiny fragments which cause no damage, owing to the nature of its
material. Furthermore, the pyrotechnical activation
of the striker device makes it possible to ensure that the destruction will take place at a precise instant. The
striker device, in the form of a large number of
separate balls, driven together by gass pressure,
provides instant disintegration of the closure. The
graduation of the prestressing of the material from the inside towards the outside produces a closure
insensitive, from the outside, to normal mechanical
stresses and thus representing a reliable sealing
device, while it only affords little resistance to the
intentional destruction from the inside.
An embodiment is shown as an example in the accompanying drawing.
Referring to the drawing the entry 1 to an air inlet
duct 2 feeding a combustion chamber 3 is closed
until the end of the launching phase of a projectile by
a closure 4 of hollow construction. The closure is of a
prestressed material, preferably an internally pre
stressed glass.
Ordinary commercially available thermally prestressed glass such as that used for motor vehicle windscreens is preferred and this disintegrates into very small fragments when subject to mechanical
overloading. This is a result of the high compressive stresses generated in the surface of the glass by the
prestressing. The prestressing is usually effected by thermal treatment. Chemical treatments are also
possible wherein sodium ions in the surface of the
glass, for example, are replaced by calcium ions.
Glass is not the only material that can be thermally
or chemically prestressed and processes can be
applied to ceramic materials, for example aluminium
oxide.
A striker means with a pyrotechnic charge 5 is built
into the closure 4, with bodies such as metal balls 7
provided in the charge housing 6. The pyrotechnical charge 5 has an electric detonator 8 to which a firing circuit 9 is connected.
The material of the cover 4, as already mentioned,
is prestressed and the prestressing being at a
maximum on the internal surface 4a of the wall of the cover and decreasing towards the outside. On the outer surface 4b on prestressing is present. The cover 4, being a hollow body has the property of
being insensitive to mechanical loads to which it is
normally exposed from the outside, while from the
inside it is immediately and easily destructible in its
entirety by the balls 7 accelerated by the detonation
of the charge 5.
1. Closure means for the air inlet aperture of a
combustion chamber, the closure comprising a
hollow body of a prestressed material of which the
degree of prestressing in relation to the wall thick
ness decreases from the inside towards the outside,
a pyrotechnic striker device being located within the
interior of the body and serving to destroy the
closure on activation.
2. Closure means in accordance with Claim 1,
wherein free destruction bodies are associated with
the striker device.
3. Closure means in accordance with Claim 2,
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (5)
1. Closure means for the air inlet aperture of a
combustion chamber, the closure comprising a
hollow body of a prestressed material of which the
degree of prestressing in relation to the wall thick
ness decreases from the inside towards the outside,
a pyrotechnic striker device being located within the
interior of the body and serving to destroy the
closure on activation.
2. Closure means in accordance with Claim 1,
wherein free destruction bodies are associated with
the striker device.
3. Closure means in accordance with Claim 2, wherein the destruction bodies comprise a plurality of balls.
4. Closure means in accordance with any preceding claim wherein the hollow body comprises prestressed glass.
5. Closure means as described herein with reference to the drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803002977 DE3002977C2 (en) | 1980-01-29 | 1980-01-29 | Lid made of easily destructible material to close the air inlet openings opening into the combustion chamber of ramjet rocket engines, with a pyrotechnically functioning impact device to destroy the lid |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2068090A true GB2068090A (en) | 1981-08-05 |
GB2068090B GB2068090B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
Family
ID=6093102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8101393A Expired GB2068090B (en) | 1980-01-29 | 1981-01-16 | Closure for ram-jets |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3002977C2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2474593A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2068090B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2584456A1 (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-09 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | TEMPORARY CLOSURE DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL ORIFICE OF A PROPELLER |
US4738099A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1988-04-19 | Fike Corporation | Bulkhead rupture disc for solid propellant missiles |
FR2755182A1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-04-30 | Aerospatiale | SHUTTERING SYSTEM FOR AN AIR INLET ORIFICE IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A STATOREACTOR |
US5784877A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-07-28 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Rocket-ramjet engine casing port closure |
FR2813344A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-01 | Aerospatiale Matra Missiles | BLINDING SYSTEM FOR A DUCT ORIFICE, PARTICULARLY FOR AN ORIFICE OF AN AIR INTAKE PATHWAY IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A STATOREACTOR |
CN107191291A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-22 | 西安航天动力研究所 | The dust guard and its installation method of a kind of engine |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2863665B1 (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 2007-03-30 | Aerospatiale | STATOREACTOR HAVING A TUBULAR AND MISSILE STRUCTURE PROPULATED BY SUCH STATOREACTOR |
CN109488460B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2021-02-19 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Blocking cover device for supersonic air inlet |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2952972A (en) * | 1957-09-09 | 1960-09-20 | Norman A Kimmel | Rocket motor and method of operating same |
DE1626069B1 (en) * | 1967-10-18 | 1970-10-08 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Combination engine |
GB1378079A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-12-18 | Ici Ltd | Bursting disc assembly |
US3901028A (en) * | 1972-09-13 | 1975-08-26 | Us Air Force | Ramjet with integrated rocket boost motor |
GB1415360A (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-11-26 | Energy Secretary Of State | Explosively operated rapid release valves |
US4028886A (en) * | 1975-10-23 | 1977-06-14 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Passive chamber wall fragmenter |
-
1980
- 1980-01-29 DE DE19803002977 patent/DE3002977C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-01-16 GB GB8101393A patent/GB2068090B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-01-21 FR FR8101061A patent/FR2474593A1/en active Granted
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2584456A1 (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-09 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | TEMPORARY CLOSURE DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL ORIFICE OF A PROPELLER |
EP0211703A1 (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-02-25 | Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs | Plug for a solid propellant with two combustion chambers |
US4738099A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1988-04-19 | Fike Corporation | Bulkhead rupture disc for solid propellant missiles |
FR2755182A1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-04-30 | Aerospatiale | SHUTTERING SYSTEM FOR AN AIR INLET ORIFICE IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A STATOREACTOR |
EP0839999A1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-05-06 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | Device for removing the plug from the air intake ducts opening into the combustion chamber of a ram jet engine |
WO1998019063A1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-05-07 | Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle | Sealing system for an air intake opening of a ram jet combustion chamber |
US6116019A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2000-09-12 | Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale | Sealing system for an air intake opening of a ram jet combustion chamber |
US5784877A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-07-28 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Rocket-ramjet engine casing port closure |
FR2813344A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-01 | Aerospatiale Matra Missiles | BLINDING SYSTEM FOR A DUCT ORIFICE, PARTICULARLY FOR AN ORIFICE OF AN AIR INTAKE PATHWAY IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A STATOREACTOR |
EP1184559A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-06 | Aerospatiale Matra Missiles | Closure device for the entry of a duct, in particular for an air inlet duct to a ramjet combustion chamber |
US6557339B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-05-06 | Aerospatiale Matra Missiles | Blanking-cap system for an orifice of a conduit, in particular for an orifice of an air-intake duct into the combustion chamber of a ramjet |
CN107191291A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-22 | 西安航天动力研究所 | The dust guard and its installation method of a kind of engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2474593A1 (en) | 1981-07-31 |
DE3002977C2 (en) | 1982-11-11 |
DE3002977A1 (en) | 1981-07-30 |
FR2474593B1 (en) | 1984-04-20 |
GB2068090B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |