FR2946277A1 - Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer - Google Patents
Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2946277A1 FR2946277A1 FR0953807A FR0953807A FR2946277A1 FR 2946277 A1 FR2946277 A1 FR 2946277A1 FR 0953807 A FR0953807 A FR 0953807A FR 0953807 A FR0953807 A FR 0953807A FR 2946277 A1 FR2946277 A1 FR 2946277A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- stamping
- wafer
- tiles
- silver
- silver wafer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003718 aged appearance Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001311547 Patina Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0818—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for roughening, profiling, corrugating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0872—Non-mechanical reshaping of the surface, e.g. by burning, acids, radiation energy, air flow, etc.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
- C04B2235/9623—Ceramic setters properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une tuile à l'aspect vieilli. Un procédé de fabrication d'une tuile comporte généralement les étapes exposées ci-après. The invention relates to a method of producing a tile with an aged appearance. A method of manufacturing a tile generally comprises the steps set out below.
De l'argile est malaxé et humidifié, puis passe dans une mouleuse où il sort au travers d'une filière pour former un ruban. Le ruban est découpé en galettes puis coloré, c'est-à-dire garni en surface, par poudrage de matières minérales puis est découpé en galettes. Les galettes sont ensuite pressées, estampées ou embouties afin de leur conférer la forme d'une ou de plusieurs tuiles. Les tuiles pressées, estampées ou embouties sont déposées sur des supports de séchage et sont séchées dans des séchoirs continus ou de type batch, à une température maximale de 100°C. Cette étape vise à évacuer l'humidité, nécessaire au façonnage, et 15 à permettre un retrait homogène de la matière, gage de stabilité dimensionnelle des tuiles. Les tuiles sèches sont ensuite déposées sur des supports de cuisson pour être introduites dans un four, la température de cuisson atteignant environ 1 000°C. 20 Un tel procédé permet de fabriquer de manière industrielle des tuiles de même structure, présentant un aspect sensiblement lisse et neuf. De telles tuiles conservent leur aspect neuf pendant une durée importante. Dans le cas où les constructions voisines comportent une toiture 25 présentant des tuiles anciennes, la mise en place de nouvelles tuiles peut être gênante en ce qu'un fort contraste apparaît entre les tuiles anciennes et les tuiles neuves. En outre, les tuiles anciennes sont recherchées car elles confèrent à la toiture un aspect esthétique indéniable. Le document FR 2 314 157 décrit un procédé de réalisation d'une 30 tuile à l'aspect vieilli, dont la mise en oeuvre est complexe. L'objet de l'invention est de proposer un procédé de réalisation d'une tuile à l'aspect vieilli, qui soit facile à mettre en oeuvre. A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une tuile à l'aspect vieilli, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes : 35 - disposer des éléments dégradables au-delà d'une température déterminée, sur une galette d'argile ; - presser, estamper ou emboutir la galette d'argile, de manière à lui conférer la forme générale d'une ou plusieurs tuiles, les éléments dégradables étant incrustés, au moins en partie, dans la galette d'argile ; - cuire la galette d'argile à une température supérieure à la température déterminée, de manière à brûler les éléments dégradables. De cette manière, après cuisson de la tuile, les éléments dégradables disparaissent et laissent chacun une empreinte dans la tuile. Cette dernière présente alors une surface irrégulière, poreuse, qui confère à la tuile une patine esthétique. Clay is kneaded and moistened, then passes into a molding machine where it leaves through a die to form a ribbon. The ribbon is cut into patties then colored, that is to say, filled on the surface, by dusting with mineral substances and then cut into patties. The patties are then pressed, stamped or stamped to give them the shape of one or more tiles. The pressed, stamped or pressed tiles are deposited on drying supports and are dried in continuous or batch dryers at a maximum temperature of 100 ° C. This step aims to remove moisture, necessary for shaping, and to allow a homogeneous removal of the material, guaranteeing dimensional stability of the tiles. The dry tiles are then deposited on baking trays for introduction into an oven, the baking temperature being up to about 1000 ° C. Such a method makes it possible to manufacture industrially tiles of the same structure, having a substantially smooth and new appearance. Such tiles retain their new appearance for a long time. In the case where the neighboring buildings have a roof 25 with old tiles, the introduction of new tiles can be annoying in that a strong contrast appears between the old tiles and the new tiles. In addition, old tiles are sought after because they give the roof an undeniable aesthetic appearance. Document FR 2,314,157 describes a method of producing a tile with an aged appearance, the implementation of which is complex. The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a tile with an aged appearance, which is easy to implement. To this end, the invention relates to a method for producing a tile with an aged appearance, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - to have degradable elements beyond a predetermined temperature, on a clay cake; pressing, stamping or stamping the clay slab so as to give it the general shape of one or more tiles, the degradable elements being inlaid, at least in part, in the clay slab; - bake the clay cake at a temperature above the determined temperature, so as to burn the degradable elements. In this way, after baking the tile, the degradable elements disappear and leave each one an imprint in the tile. The latter then has an irregular surface, porous, which gives the tile an aesthetic patina.
Un tel procédé est simple de mise en oeuvre, la patine conférée aux tuiles apportant un aspect vieilli. Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, les éléments dégradables comportent du bois ou du charbon. De tels matériaux sont peu chers et sont entièrement dégradés aux 15 températures de cuisson classiques des tuiles. La granulométrie de tels matériaux peut en outre être parfaitement contrôlée. Avantageusement, les éléments dégradables se présentent sous la forme d'un granulat dont la taille est inférieure ou égale à 30 % de l'épaisseur moyenne de la galette d'argile, après pressage, estampage ou emboutissage. 20 Une telle caractéristique garantit que les propriétés mécaniques des tuiles ne sont pas fortement dégradées par les empreintes laissées par les éléments dégradables après cuisson. Selon une possibilité de l'invention, la galette d'argile est cuite à une température de l'ordre de 1 000°C. 25 Une telle température correspond à une température classique de cuisson des tuiles et permet de dégrader de nombreux matériaux, en particulier le bois ou le charbon. De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, 30 à titre d'exemple, une forme de réalisation de ce procédé. Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une galette à la surface de laquelle sont disposés ou projetés des éléments dégradables ; Figure 2 est une vue schématique représentant l'opération de pressage, d'estampage ou d'emboutissage d'une tuile ; 35 Figure 3 est une vue représentant schématiquement l'opération de séchage de la tuile ; Figure 4 est une vue représentant schématiquement l'opération de cuisson de la tuile ; Figure 5 est une vue en perpective d'une tuile à l'aspect vielli obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention. Such a method is simple to implement, the patina imparted to the tiles bringing an aged appearance. According to one characteristic of the invention, the degradable elements comprise wood or coal. Such materials are inexpensive and are fully degraded at conventional tile cooking temperatures. The particle size of such materials can be furthermore perfectly controlled. Advantageously, the degradable elements are in the form of a granulate whose size is less than or equal to 30% of the average thickness of the clay slab, after pressing, stamping or stamping. Such a characteristic ensures that the mechanical properties of the tiles are not greatly degraded by the imprints left by the degradable elements after cooking. According to a possibility of the invention, the clay cake is fired at a temperature of the order of 1000 ° C. Such a temperature corresponds to a conventional firing temperature of the tiles and makes it possible to degrade many materials, in particular wood or coal. In any case, the invention will be better understood from the following description with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing showing, by way of example, an embodiment of this method. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a slab on the surface of which are arranged or projected degradable elements; Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the operation of pressing, stamping or stamping a tile; Figure 3 is a view schematically showing the drying operation of the tile; Figure 4 is a view schematically showing the cooking operation of the tile; Figure 5 is a perspective view of a tile appearance aged obtained by the method according to the invention.
Un procédé de réalisation d'une tuile à l'aspect vieilli est illustré aux figures 1 à 5. Comme vu précédemment, des galettes 1 sont obtenues à partir d'un ruban découpé. Ainsi que cela est représenté à la figure 1, des éléments dégradables 2 sont disposés ou projetés sur la surface externe de chaque galette 1. Les éléments dégradables 2 sont formés par un granulat comportant du bois, du charbon et/ou un matériau similaire, dont la granulométrie est inférieure à 6 mm. La taille des éléments dégradables 2 dépend notamment de l'épaisseur moyenne e de la tuile 3 à obtenir. En particulier, on s'assurera que leur taille n'excède pas 50% de l'épaisseur moyenne e de la tuile 3 afin de conserver les caractéristiques d'étanchéité des produits finis. La galette 1 est ensuite pressée, emboutie ou estampée à l'aide de matrices 4, comme illustré à la figure 2, de manière à conférer à la galette 1 la 20 forme générale de la tuile 3 à obtenir. Chaque galette 1 ou tuile ainsi formée est ensuite disposée sur un support de séchage 4 puis séchée. Chaque galette 1 ou tuile ainsi séchée est ensuite disposée sur un support 5 appelé wagon ou sole mobile, puis est cuite par passage dans un 25 four de cuisson, de type tunnel ou intermittent, à une température t de l'ordre de 1 000°C (figure 4). Durant cette étape de cuisson, les éléments dégradables 2 sont brûlés et disparaissent, de manière à laisser des empreintes 7 visibles sur la surface externe 8 de la tuile 3 et conférant à cette dernière une irréguliarité, 30 une porosité ou une patine spécifique, comme cela est illustré à la figure 5. L'invention permet donc de réaliser de manière simple une tuile dont l'aspect est vieilli, sans dégrader les caractéristiques mécaniques de la tuile et sans nécessiter d'adaptations importantes de l'installation classique de réalisation des tuiles. En particulier, la presse, le séchoir et le four de cuisson 35 utilisés pour réaliser le procédé selon l'invention peuvent être similaires à ceux classiquement utilisés pour la réalisation de tuiles. A method of producing a tile with an aged appearance is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5. As seen previously, slabs 1 are obtained from a cut sliver. As shown in FIG. 1, degradable elements 2 are arranged or projected on the outer surface of each wafer 1. The degradable elements 2 are formed by a granulate comprising wood, charcoal and / or a similar material, of which the particle size is less than 6 mm. The size of the degradable elements 2 depends in particular on the average thickness e of the tile 3 to be obtained. In particular, it will be ensured that their size does not exceed 50% of the average thickness e of the tile 3 in order to maintain the sealing characteristics of the finished products. The wafer 1 is then pressed, stamped or stamped with dies 4, as shown in FIG. 2, so as to give the wafer 1 the general shape of the tile 3 to be obtained. Each slab 1 or tile thus formed is then placed on a drying medium 4 and then dried. Each slab 1 or tile thus dried is then placed on a support 5 called wagon or moving hearth, and is then cooked by passing through a tunnel-type or intermittent cooking furnace at a temperature t of the order of 1000.degree. C (Figure 4). During this cooking step, the degradable elements 2 are burned and disappear, so as to leave imprints 7 visible on the outer surface 8 of the tile 3 and conferring on the latter an irregularity, a porosity or a specific patina, like this is illustrated in Figure 5. The invention thus allows a simple way to make a tile whose appearance is aged, without degrading the mechanical characteristics of the tile and without requiring significant adaptations of the traditional installation of tiles . In particular, the press, the dryer and the baking oven used to carry out the process according to the invention may be similar to those conventionally used for producing tiles.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas à la seule forme de réalisation de ce procédé, décrite ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, mais elle embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes. It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this method, described above as an example, but embraces all variants.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0953807A FR2946277B1 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | METHOD OF MAKING AN OLD SURFACE CONDITION AND DESTRUCTURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0953807A FR2946277B1 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | METHOD OF MAKING AN OLD SURFACE CONDITION AND DESTRUCTURE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2946277A1 true FR2946277A1 (en) | 2010-12-10 |
FR2946277B1 FR2946277B1 (en) | 2015-03-27 |
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FR0953807A Active FR2946277B1 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | METHOD OF MAKING AN OLD SURFACE CONDITION AND DESTRUCTURE |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08217573A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-27 | Zou Design Assoc:Kk | Tile aged with time |
EP0894590A1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-03 | Steenfabrieken Vandersanden-Vijf V.D.S.-Vijf naamloze vennootschap | Ageing process for brick |
EP1101585A2 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-23 | Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis S.P.A. | Method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production |
DE10216976A1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-11-06 | Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte | Concrete block with structured surface, has structure formed by removing pieces or particles of material embedded into concrete surface |
DE10347356A1 (en) * | 2003-10-11 | 2005-05-19 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Gmbh | Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing |
-
2009
- 2009-06-09 FR FR0953807A patent/FR2946277B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08217573A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-27 | Zou Design Assoc:Kk | Tile aged with time |
EP0894590A1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-03 | Steenfabrieken Vandersanden-Vijf V.D.S.-Vijf naamloze vennootschap | Ageing process for brick |
EP1101585A2 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-23 | Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis S.P.A. | Method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production |
DE10216976A1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-11-06 | Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte | Concrete block with structured surface, has structure formed by removing pieces or particles of material embedded into concrete surface |
DE10347356A1 (en) * | 2003-10-11 | 2005-05-19 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Gmbh | Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2946277B1 (en) | 2015-03-27 |
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