EP1101585A2 - Method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1101585A2 EP1101585A2 EP00203851A EP00203851A EP1101585A2 EP 1101585 A2 EP1101585 A2 EP 1101585A2 EP 00203851 A EP00203851 A EP 00203851A EP 00203851 A EP00203851 A EP 00203851A EP 1101585 A2 EP1101585 A2 EP 1101585A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tile
- atomized
- tiles
- mix
- coloured
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000482268 Zea mays subsp. mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0872—Non-mechanical reshaping of the surface, e.g. by burning, acids, radiation energy, air flow, etc.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
Definitions
- the ceramic floor and facing tile market is tending towards products having an increasingly sophisticated appearance reproducing natural products or products obtained by craftsman methods.
- the object of this patent is to provide a method enabling rustic tiles to be obtained which are similar to old tiles produced by craftsman means.
- Such tiles are required to have a surface of irregular brown colour ranging from very light to dark, and be provided with stains and inclusions.
- the surface must be substantially smooth and comprise apparently defective regions characterised by depressed irregular surface parts reproducing the appearance of chipping, or more or less extensive craters, or pores.
- the object of this patent is to provide a method for the industrial manufacture of this type of tile.
- An atomized ceramic mix is fed into the forming cavity of a mould, and then pressed.
- the base mix can be a single-colour mix or can be obtained by partially mixing together at least two atomized powder masses coloured differently so that the tile mass obtained is characterised by veining or staining reproducing the coloration defects of craftsman mixes.
- a layer of atomized clay is applied followed by a second layer of multi-colour glazes variously mixed and distributed.
- the mix fed to the mould cavity includes particles or flakes of volatile material.
- the particles or flakes are laid on the surface of the powder previously fed into the mould cavity.
- volatile material means a material which burns away or sublimes completely at a temperature less than or equal to 600°C, so that it disappears completely at the latest during the initial stage of the kiln firing process, to create more or less extensive craters.
- Materials can also be used which burn away or sublime at lower temperature, typically the temperature attained by the tile during the drying stage.
- a particularly suitable flake forming material is an easily combustible fibrous material, such as sawdust.
- the material resulting from the crushing or grinding of maize grains has proved particularly convenient.
- Cereal flakes have also proved convenient, as have oven-baked cereals such as popcorn, or even straw fragments.
- the volatile material is required to disappear as early as the drying stage, it is convenient to use a wax or an equivalent synthetic material.
- the material before being reduced to flakes is mixed with powdered coloured atomized clay, or with pigments or powdered vitreous glaze.
- the mix fed to the mould cavity also includes pigment flakes, which can be single or multicoloured.
- the pigment flakes are also preferably rested on the surface of the material previously fed into the mould forming cavity.
- the crude tile formed in this manner is subjected to normal drying by known means, and then possibly decorated with pigments.
- the pigment decoration of the crude tile conveniently comprises spraying with an aqueous suspension of neutral or coloured glazes, by directing the jet in a direction inclined to the tile surface.
- This method of applying the aqueous glaze suspension favours the appearance of veining on the tile surface and is known as flashing.
- the tile can be decorated, after possible brushing, by the controlled application of multi-colour pigment powders through a silk screen, or other known means.
- coloured glaze is followed, according to the invention, by a blowing operation consisting of subjecting the tile surface to an air stream in a substantially tangential direction, the purpose of which is to accumulate the glaze against the edges of depressed regions such as craters.
- the cycle is completed by kiln firing using usual methods and cycles.
- a base ceramic mix is prepared by wet grinding a mixture composed of high quality, high plasticity clays of very low iron and titanium content, fluxes and feldspathic sands also of very low iron and titanium content. Subsequent drying of the liquid mixture is achieved by an atomizer which produces a powder of controlled moisture content and particle size.
- the powder mix obtained in this manner passes through a continuous colouring device in which the powder is pigmented by feeding colouring oxides together with the powder in predetermined proportions, and is fed into the feed hopper of the press.
- the press is fed using a machine which distributes several atomized layers in different successive loadings.
- the mould forming cavities are filled with a first layer of coloured base mix to the extent of about 90% of the total tile thickness.
- a second layer is applied composed of a mixture of four atomized ceramic glazes differing in colour and fusibility.
- This mixture is obtained by withdrawing from four different containers, one per component, cyclically variable quantities of the components and distributing them with a variable repetitive cycle within the forming cavity.
- this second layer there is distributed a third layer composed of a mixture of different ceramic glazes agglomerated into flakes of a wide particle size range, together with another mixture formed from various granules of volatile substances.
- a grit formed from ground maize is used for this application.
- the three superposed layers are then pressed with a specific pressure of 400 kg/cm 2 using a hydraulic press.
- the tiles are removed from the mould and then dried in a normal vertical dryer with boat-shaped containers, using a 60 minute cycle at 250°C.
- the dried but hot tiles (at this stage the tile is still at 70°C) are sprayed tangentially, using a spray gun, with a film of liquid ceramic glaze which, after its rapid drying, is removed from the more projecting parts of the tile structure with a rotary disc brush.
- the mixture is distributed by known means.
- the previously applied powdered glaze mixture is partly removed and partly forced into the specific recesses in the tile structure.
- a fixer is then applied to the tile to fix the remainder of the powdered glaze.
- the fixer used is a 5-10% polymer solution in polyvinyl alcohol.
- the tile is then fired in a ceramic roller kiln at a temperature of 1200°C using a residence cycle of 60 minutes.
- the volatile substances volatilize from the support mass to form small craters and pores in the tile surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
- in a usual mould, forming a crude tile from an atomized powder mix comprising inclusions of material which volatilizes at a temperature less than or equal to 600°C,
- drying the thus formed tile in a continuous dryer using a usual drying cycle,
- kiln-firing the tile treated in this manner using a usual firing cycle.
Description
- The ceramic floor and facing tile market is tending towards products having an increasingly sophisticated appearance reproducing natural products or products obtained by craftsman methods.
- Modern methods for manufacturing flooring or facing tiles are hence developing in these directions, and are already able to produce in tiles the appearance of natural stone, such as marble.
- The object of this patent is to provide a method enabling rustic tiles to be obtained which are similar to old tiles produced by craftsman means.
- Such tiles are required to have a surface of irregular brown colour ranging from very light to dark, and be provided with stains and inclusions.
- The surface must be substantially smooth and comprise apparently defective regions characterised by depressed irregular surface parts reproducing the appearance of chipping, or more or less extensive craters, or pores.
- These defects are typical of the materials which were once created by craftsmen, and at their origin were due to imperfections in the mix or to inappropriate firing cycles, or indeed due to wear.
- The object of this patent is to provide a method for the industrial manufacture of this type of tile.
- This object is attained according to the invention by a method comprising the following operations.
- An atomized ceramic mix is fed into the forming cavity of a mould, and then pressed.
- The base mix can be a single-colour mix or can be obtained by partially mixing together at least two atomized powder masses coloured differently so that the tile mass obtained is characterised by veining or staining reproducing the coloration defects of craftsman mixes.
- A layer of atomized clay is applied followed by a second layer of multi-colour glazes variously mixed and distributed.
- The mix fed to the mould cavity includes particles or flakes of volatile material.
- Preferably, the particles or flakes are laid on the surface of the powder previously fed into the mould cavity.
- The term "volatile material" means a material which burns away or sublimes completely at a temperature less than or equal to 600°C, so that it disappears completely at the latest during the initial stage of the kiln firing process, to create more or less extensive craters.
- Materials can also be used which burn away or sublime at lower temperature, typically the temperature attained by the tile during the drying stage.
- A particularly suitable flake forming material is an easily combustible fibrous material, such as sawdust.
- Best results are however obtained with a material comprising starch or other volatile substances which facilitate aggregation with colouring substances or pigments, and could be for example a ground cereal or cereal bran.
- The material resulting from the crushing or grinding of maize grains has proved particularly convenient.
- Other convenient materials are, according to the invention, wheat grains, barley, oats or rice, including unground.
- Cereal flakes have also proved convenient, as have oven-baked cereals such as popcorn, or even straw fragments.
- If the volatile material is required to disappear as early as the drying stage, it is convenient to use a wax or an equivalent synthetic material.
- If the base of the craters obtained in this manner is to have a bright or coloured surface, the material before being reduced to flakes is mixed with powdered coloured atomized clay, or with pigments or powdered vitreous glaze.
- According to a variant of the invention, the mix fed to the mould cavity also includes pigment flakes, which can be single or multicoloured.
- The pigment flakes are also preferably rested on the surface of the material previously fed into the mould forming cavity.
- The crude tile formed in this manner is subjected to normal drying by known means, and then possibly decorated with pigments.
- The pigment decoration of the crude tile conveniently comprises spraying with an aqueous suspension of neutral or coloured glazes, by directing the jet in a direction inclined to the tile surface.
- This method of applying the aqueous glaze suspension favours the appearance of veining on the tile surface and is known as flashing.
- After flashing, brushing is sometimes effected using soft pads of slightly abrasive surface.
- As an alternative or in addition to flashing, the tile can be decorated, after possible brushing, by the controlled application of multi-colour pigment powders through a silk screen, or other known means.
- The application of coloured glaze is followed, according to the invention, by a blowing operation consisting of subjecting the tile surface to an air stream in a substantially tangential direction, the purpose of which is to accumulate the glaze against the edges of depressed regions such as craters.
- The cycle is completed by kiln firing using usual methods and cycles.
- The special characteristics of the invention will be more apparent from the ensuing example given with reference to the accompanying Figure 1, which represents a plan view of a tile obtained in accordance with the invention.
- A base ceramic mix is prepared by wet grinding a mixture composed of high quality, high plasticity clays of very low iron and titanium content, fluxes and feldspathic sands also of very low iron and titanium content. Subsequent drying of the liquid mixture is achieved by an atomizer which produces a powder of controlled moisture content and particle size.
- The powder mix obtained in this manner passes through a continuous colouring device in which the powder is pigmented by feeding colouring oxides together with the powder in predetermined proportions, and is fed into the feed hopper of the press.
- The press is fed using a machine which distributes several atomized layers in different successive loadings.
- By means of this machine, the mould forming cavities are filled with a first layer of coloured base mix to the extent of about 90% of the total tile thickness.
- In an immediately following step, a second layer is applied composed of a mixture of four atomized ceramic glazes differing in colour and fusibility.
- This mixture is obtained by withdrawing from four different containers, one per component, cyclically variable quantities of the components and distributing them with a variable repetitive cycle within the forming cavity.
- On this second layer there is distributed a third layer composed of a mixture of different ceramic glazes agglomerated into flakes of a wide particle size range, together with another mixture formed from various granules of volatile substances.
- A grit formed from ground maize is used for this application.
- The three superposed layers are then pressed with a specific pressure of 400 kg/cm2 using a hydraulic press.
- The tiles are removed from the mould and then dried in a normal vertical dryer with boat-shaped containers, using a 60 minute cycle at 250°C.
- The dried but hot tiles (at this stage the tile is still at 70°C) are sprayed tangentially, using a spray gun, with a film of liquid ceramic glaze which, after its rapid drying, is removed from the more projecting parts of the tile structure with a rotary disc brush.
- At this point, a layer composed of a mixture of three powdered ceramic glazes, differing in colour and fusibility, is applied to the tile.
- The mixture is distributed by known means.
- Using a tangential blowing machine, the previously applied powdered glaze mixture is partly removed and partly forced into the specific recesses in the tile structure.
- A fixer is then applied to the tile to fix the remainder of the powdered glaze. The fixer used is a 5-10% polymer solution in polyvinyl alcohol.
- The tile is then fired in a ceramic roller kiln at a temperature of 1200°C using a residence cycle of 60 minutes.
- During the initial stage of firing, at about 600°C, the volatile substances volatilize from the support mass to form small craters and pores in the tile surface.
- By the effect of this rapid volatilization, the upper edge of the craters presents burrs which are removed by abrasion.
Claims (20)
- A method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production, characterised by comprising the following operations:forming in a usual mould, a crude tile from an atomized powder mix comprising inclusions of material which volatilizes at a temperature less than or equal to 600°C,drying the thus formed tile in a continuous dryer in accordance with a usual drying cycle,kiln-firing the tile treated in this manner in accordance with a usual firing cycle.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said volatile material is fed into the mould cavity to lay on the previously fed powder.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said volatile material comprises an agglomerating substance facilitating the covering of the material with colouring pigments.
- A method as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that said substance is starch.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said volatile material is selected from the following: cereals, ground cereals, crushed cereals, blown cereals, cooked and ventilated cereals, cereal flakes, sawdust, crushed straw, wax.
- A method as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that said material consists of whole or broken maize grains.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said volatile material is mixed with a coloured pigment powder.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said volatile material comprises a vitreous glaze in powder form.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the atomized clay mix comprises at least two materials of different colour partly mixed together.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the atomized clay mix comprises a single-colour base layer and a second layer of atomized glazes.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that flakes of multi-colour glazes are added to the atomized clay mix.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the flakes of multi-colour glazes are laid on the surface of the atomized clay mix already contained in the mould cavity.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that after drying, the coloured atomized clay or powdered pigment is applied as side-by-side or totally or partly superposed layers of different colour by known means.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that after drying, the tile is subjected to a flashing operation.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that before application of the powdered glazes, the already dried tile is subjected to a brushing operation.
- A ceramic tile consisting of an atomized clay mix pressed in a mould and kiln-fired, characterised by presenting untreated depressed parts and craters of varying size randomly distributed on its surface.
- A ceramic tile as claimed in claim 16, characterised in that at least its surface layer is formed from a mix of atomized clays of at least two different colours.
- A ceramic tile as claimed in claim 16, characterised by comprising a surface decoration obtained from variously distributed coloured pigments or coloured atomized clays.
- A ceramic tile as claimed in claim 16, characterised by comprising surface inclusions of coloured glazes.
- A ceramic tile as claimed in claim 16, characterised by presenting an abraded surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRE990117 | 1999-11-15 | ||
IT1999RE000117A IT1310979B1 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 1999-11-15 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TILES WITH THE APPEARANCE OF ANTIQUE RUSTIC ARTISAN MANUFACTURING TILES. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1101585A2 true EP1101585A2 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
EP1101585A3 EP1101585A3 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
Family
ID=11399513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00203851A Withdrawn EP1101585A3 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 2000-11-03 | Method for manufacturing tiles having the appearance of old rustic tiles of craftsman production |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1101585A3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1310979B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2228246A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2005-04-01 | Sicer S.R.L. | Method for manufacturing products in construction sector, involves providing airtight container arranged on two layers, and forming crystalline structure on one of layers, where layers are overlapped with each other |
EP2053031A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2009-04-29 | Guangdong Dongpeng Ceramic Company Limited | Preparation method of a tile with solid pores as decoration and its product |
FR2946277A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-10 | Imerys Tc | Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer |
ITMO20090175A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-04 | Siti B & T Group S P A | DECORATION PROCEDURE TO DECORATE CERAMIC MANUFACTURES |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1934383A (en) * | 1931-05-21 | 1933-11-07 | Johns Manville | Process of making permeable ceramic products |
GB747924A (en) * | 1952-12-20 | 1956-04-18 | Council Scient Ind Res | Improvements in or relating to the utilization of waste mica for the manufacture of insulating bricks, slabs, tiles or the like |
US2825420A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1958-03-04 | Heine Henry William | Acoustical tile and method of manufacturing it |
EP0066311A1 (en) * | 1981-05-21 | 1982-12-08 | Giuseppe Silingardi | Partially glaze-decorated tile, with the decorations embedded therein |
US4619860A (en) * | 1985-07-01 | 1986-10-28 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Foamed phosphate tile products |
DE3614943C1 (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-04-30 | Guenther Dipl-Ing Mallow | Use of glazed perlite grains for producing tiles |
US5190708A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1993-03-02 | Azienda S.R.L. | Method for the realization of a ceramic tile, glazed or enamelled |
JPH08217573A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-27 | Zou Design Assoc:Kk | Tile aged with time |
-
1999
- 1999-11-15 IT IT1999RE000117A patent/IT1310979B1/en active
-
2000
- 2000-11-03 EP EP00203851A patent/EP1101585A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1934383A (en) * | 1931-05-21 | 1933-11-07 | Johns Manville | Process of making permeable ceramic products |
GB747924A (en) * | 1952-12-20 | 1956-04-18 | Council Scient Ind Res | Improvements in or relating to the utilization of waste mica for the manufacture of insulating bricks, slabs, tiles or the like |
US2825420A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1958-03-04 | Heine Henry William | Acoustical tile and method of manufacturing it |
EP0066311A1 (en) * | 1981-05-21 | 1982-12-08 | Giuseppe Silingardi | Partially glaze-decorated tile, with the decorations embedded therein |
US4619860A (en) * | 1985-07-01 | 1986-10-28 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Foamed phosphate tile products |
DE3614943C1 (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-04-30 | Guenther Dipl-Ing Mallow | Use of glazed perlite grains for producing tiles |
US5190708A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1993-03-02 | Azienda S.R.L. | Method for the realization of a ceramic tile, glazed or enamelled |
JPH08217573A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-27 | Zou Design Assoc:Kk | Tile aged with time |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 12, 26 December 1996 (1996-12-26) & JP 08 217573 A (ZOU DESIGN ASSOC:KK), 27 August 1996 (1996-08-27) * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2228246A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2005-04-01 | Sicer S.R.L. | Method for manufacturing products in construction sector, involves providing airtight container arranged on two layers, and forming crystalline structure on one of layers, where layers are overlapped with each other |
EP2053031A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2009-04-29 | Guangdong Dongpeng Ceramic Company Limited | Preparation method of a tile with solid pores as decoration and its product |
EP2053031A4 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2011-06-08 | Guangdong Dongpeng Ceramic Company Ltd | Preparation method of a tile with solid pores as decoration and its product |
FR2946277A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-10 | Imerys Tc | Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer |
ITMO20090175A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-04 | Siti B & T Group S P A | DECORATION PROCEDURE TO DECORATE CERAMIC MANUFACTURES |
EP2272645A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-12 | SITI - B&T Group S.p.A. | Method for decorating ceramic products |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITRE990117A1 (en) | 2001-05-15 |
EP1101585A3 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
IT1310979B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
ITRE990117A0 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
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