FR2938608A1 - STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION - Google Patents

STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION Download PDF

Info

Publication number
FR2938608A1
FR2938608A1 FR0857804A FR0857804A FR2938608A1 FR 2938608 A1 FR2938608 A1 FR 2938608A1 FR 0857804 A FR0857804 A FR 0857804A FR 0857804 A FR0857804 A FR 0857804A FR 2938608 A1 FR2938608 A1 FR 2938608A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
starter
bearing
pinion
bushing
self
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR0857804A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
FR2938608B1 (en
Inventor
Stephane Plaideau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Priority to FR0857804A priority Critical patent/FR2938608B1/en
Priority to PCT/FR2009/052051 priority patent/WO2010055243A1/en
Publication of FR2938608A1 publication Critical patent/FR2938608A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2938608B1 publication Critical patent/FR2938608B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2250/00—Problems related to engine starting or engine's starting apparatus
    • F02N2250/08—Lubrication of starters; Sealing means for starters

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Le démarreur selon l'invention, pour moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile, comporte un pignon lanceur équipé d'un coussinet à l'intérieur duquel est reçu un arbre de pignon lanceur. Conformément à l'invention, le coussinet comporte au moins deux portions formant coussinet distinctes (3, 4), ces portions formant coussinet (3, 4) étant de types différents. De préférence, une portion formant coussinet est une douille à aiguilles (3) et une autre portion formant coussinet est une douille autolubrifiée (4). Ce démarreur est particulièrement bien adapté pour équiper des véhicules munis de systèmes dits d'arrêt et de relance du moteur thermique, autrement connus sous la dénomination anglo-saxonne "stop/start".The starter according to the invention, for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprises a throwing pinion equipped with a bearing inside which is received a starter pinion shaft. According to the invention, the bearing comprises at least two distinct bearing portions (3, 4), these bearing portions (3, 4) being of different types. Preferably, a bearing portion is a needle bushing (3) and another bearing portion is a self-lubricating bushing (4). This starter is particularly well suited to equip vehicles equipped with so-called systems for stopping and restarting the engine, otherwise known under the English name "stop / start".

Description

i DEMARREUR COMPORTANT UN PIGNON LANCEUR EQUIPE D'UN COUSSINET AMELIORE L'invention se rapporte à un démarreur de véhicule automobile. Les véhicules automobiles à moteur à combustion interne sont classiquement équipés d'un démarreur comportant un pignon io lanceur qui engrène une couronne du moteur pour l'entraînement en rotation du moteur lors de son démarrage. Un démarreur est généralement conçu pour être utilisé une seule fois pour chaque voyage du véhicule, lors du démarrage du moteur. 15 Cependant, de plus en plus de véhicules sont équipés de systèmes dits d'arrêt et de relance du moteur thermique, par la suite désigné "système d'arrêt-relance du moteur thermique", autrement connus sous la dénomination anglo-saxonne "stop and start". 20 Ces systèmes permettent d'arrêter le moteur thermique pendant les phases d'arrêt du véhicule, et de le redémarrer ou de le relancer dés l'apparition d'un stimulus tel que la première sollicitation du conducteur ou un autre critère visant a générer des économies de carburant. 25 Ainsi, au cours d'un même voyage, le moteur est susceptible d'être arrêté plusieurs fois, par exemple à chaque feu rouge ou dans des encombrements routiers. Le démarreur d'un véhicule équipé d'un système d'arrêt-relance est ainsi susceptible d'être sollicité beaucoup plus qu'un démarreur de véhicule 30 classique. Du fait de cet usage intensif, certaines pièces du démarreur sont alors susceptibles d'être usées prématurément, 2 écourtant ainsi la durée de vie du démarreur. C'est notamment le cas d'un coussinet incorporé dans le pignon lanceur. La Fig.1 est une vue partielle en coupe montrant la partie avant d'un démarreur dans laquelle est logé un pignon lanceur 64. The invention relates to a starter motor equipped with an improved bush. The invention relates to a starter motor vehicle. Motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine are conventionally equipped with a starter comprising a starter gear which engages an engine crown for the rotational drive of the engine when it starts. A starter is generally designed to be used only once for each trip of the vehicle, when starting the engine. However, more and more vehicles are equipped with systems known as stopping and relaunching the heat engine, hereinafter referred to as "stop-recovery system for the heat engine", otherwise known by the English name "stop and start ". These systems make it possible to stop the heat engine during the stopping phases of the vehicle, and to restart it or restart it when a stimulus such as the first driver request or another criterion to generate fuel savings. Thus, during the same trip, the engine is likely to be stopped several times, for example at each red light or in road congestion. The starter of a vehicle equipped with a stop-start system is thus likely to be solicited much more than a conventional vehicle starter. Due to this intensive use, some parts of the starter are then likely to be worn prematurely, thus shortening the life of the starter. This is particularly the case of a cushion incorporated in the starter pinion. Fig.1 is a partial sectional view showing the front portion of a starter in which is housed a starter pinion 64.

Ce pignon lanceur 64 est monté coulissant sur un arbre lanceur 20. Le coussinet du pignon lanceur correspond au repère 62. Dans cette solution de l'état de la technique, le jeu entre le coussinet 62 et l'arbre lanceur 20 augmente relativement rapidement de sorte que cette solution classique ne permet pas io de satisfaire les contraintes imposées par un "système d'arrêt-relance du moteur thermique". Pour résoudre notamment ce problème, l'invention propose un démarreur pour moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile comportant un pignon lanceur équipé d'un coussinet à is l'intérieur duquel est reçu un arbre de pignon lanceur. Conformément à l'invention, ledit coussinet comporte au moins deux portions formant coussinet distinctes, ces portions formant coussinet étant de types différents. Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention 20 - une portion formant coussinet est une douille à aiguilles ; - la longueur axiale de la douille à aiguilles est d'au moins 10 mm ; - une portion formant coussinet est une douille 25 autolubrifiée ; - la longueur axiale de la douille autolubrifiée est d'au moins 10 mm; - une partie dite frontale du pignon lanceur étant définie comme celle où sont situées les dents du pignon lanceur, dans le 30 sens axial allant de la partie frontale du pignon lanceur vers une partie arrière de celui-ci, la douille à aiguilles est disposée avant la douille autolubrifiée. This starter pinion 64 is slidably mounted on a throwing shaft 20. The bearing of the starter pinion corresponds to the marker 62. In this solution of the state of the art, the clearance between the bearing 62 and the throwing shaft 20 increases relatively rapidly by so that this conventional solution does not meet the constraints imposed by a "stop-recovery system of the engine". To solve this problem in particular, the invention proposes a starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising a throwing pinion equipped with a bearing inside which is received a starter pinion shaft. According to the invention, said bearing comprises at least two distinct bearing portions, these bearing portions being of different types. According to other features of the invention - a pad portion is a needle socket; the axial length of the needle bushing is at least 10 mm; a bearing portion is a self-lubricated bushing; the axial length of the self-lubricated bushing is at least 10 mm; a so-called front portion of the launcher pinion being defined as that in which the teeth of the launcher pinion are situated, in the axial direction running from the front portion of the launcher pinion to a rear portion thereof, the pinch sleeve is disposed before the self-lubricating bushing.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue partielle en coupe représentant la partie avant d'un démarreur selon la technique antérieure ; et - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe représentant un pignon lanceur selon l'invention. On a représenté sur la Fig.1 une forme de réalisation io particulière d'un pignon lanceur 1 selon l'invention. Comme montré à la Fig.2, le pignon lanceur 1 comporte une partie frontale au niveau de laquelle sont situées des dents d'engrènement 2. Ces dents d'engrènement 2 sont destinées à venir en prise avec une couronne du moteur à combustion interne is lorsque le démarreur est actionné de manière à démarrer le moteur thermique. Comme montré à la Fig.2, le pignon lanceur 1 comprend un alésage interne axial prévu pour recevoir un arbre de pignon lanceur tel que l'arbre 20 montré à la Fig.1. Dans cet alésage est 20 disposé le coussinet selon l'invention. Le coussinet comporte une première portion formant coussinet 3 et une seconde portion formant coussinet 4. Dans cette forme de réalisation, la première portion formant coussinet 3 est une douille à aiguilles et la seconde 25 portion formant coussinet 4 est une douille autolubrifiée. Dans le sens axial allant de la partie frontale du pignon lanceur 1 vers une partie arrière de celui-ci, la douille à aiguilles 3 est disposée avant la douille autolubrifiée 4. Les essais effectués par l'entité inventive ont montrés que 30 des longueurs axiales d'au moins 10 mm pour la douille à aiguilles 3 et la douille autolubrifiée 4 permettent de limiter l'effet dit de rotulage du pignon lanceur du fait d'une portée bien adaptée du coussinet.Other features and advantages will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings among which: FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing the front part of a starter according to the prior art; and - Figure 2 is a sectional view showing a starter pinion according to the invention. There is shown in Fig.1 a particular embodiment of a starter pinion 1 according to the invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the launcher pinion 1 comprises a front portion at which meshing teeth 2 are located. These meshing teeth 2 are intended to engage with a ring gear of the internal combustion engine. when the starter is actuated to start the engine. As shown in Fig.2, the starter pinion 1 comprises an axial internal bore adapted to receive a starter pinion shaft such as the shaft 20 shown in Fig.1. In this bore is disposed the pad according to the invention. The bushing includes a first bushing portion 3 and a second bushing portion 4. In this embodiment, the first bushing portion 3 is a needle bushing and the second bushing portion 4 is a self-lubricating bushing. In the axial direction from the front portion of the starter gear 1 to a rear portion thereof, the needle bushing 3 is disposed before the self-lubricating bushing 4. The tests carried out by the inventive entity have shown that axial lengths at least 10 mm for the needle bushing 3 and the self-lubricating bush 4 make it possible to limit the so-called swiveling effect of the starter gear by virtue of a well-adapted bearing surface.

4 Par ailleurs, les essais d'endurance en roue libre du pignon lanceur selon l'invention ne mettent en évidence, au bout de 5000 cycles, aucune usure mécanique ni bruits anormaux. Les essais en banc de choc ont également donnés des résultats très satisfaisants. 4 Furthermore, the freewheeling endurance tests of the starter gear according to the invention show, after 5000 cycles, no mechanical wear or abnormal noises. Shock tests have also yielded very satisfactory results.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS1. Démarreur pour moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile comportant un pignon lanceur (64) équipé d'un coussinet (62) à l'intérieur duquel est reçu un arbre (20) de pignon lanceur, caractérisé en ce que ledit coussinet comporte au moins deux portions formant coussinet distinctes (3, 4), lesdites portions formant coussinet (3, 4) étant de types différents. io REVENDICATIONS1. Starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising a throwing pinion (64) equipped with a bearing (62) inside which is received a thrust pinion shaft (20), characterized in that said bearing comprises at least two separate bearing portions (3, 4), said bearing portions (3, 4) being of different types. io 2. Démarreur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une dite portion formant coussinet est une douille à aiguilles (3). 2. Starter according to claim 1, characterized in that a said bearing portion is a needle sleeve (3). 3. Démarreur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite douille à aiguilles (3) a une longueur axiale d'au moins 10 15 mm. 3. Starter according to claim 2, characterized in that said needle sleeve (3) has an axial length of at least 10 15 mm. 4. Démarreur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une dite portion formant coussinet est une douille autolubrifiée (4). 4. Starter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a said bearing portion is a self-lubricating sleeve (4). 5. Démarreur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite douille autolubrifiée (4) a une longueur axiale d'au moins 10 mm. 25 5. Starter according to claim 4, characterized in that said self-lubricated sleeve (4) has an axial length of at least 10 mm. 25 6. Démarreur selon les revendications 2 et 4, caractérisé en ce que, une partie dite frontale du pignon lanceur (1) étant définie comme celle où sont situées les dents (2) du pignon lanceur (1), dans le sens axial allant de la partie frontale du pignon lanceur (1) vers une partie arrière de celui-ci, la douille à aiguilles (3) est 30 disposée avant la douille autolubrifiée (4). 20 6. Starter according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that, a so-called front portion of the starter pinion (1) being defined as that where are located the teeth (2) of the starter pinion (1), in the axial direction from the front part of the throwing pinion (1) towards a rear part thereof, the needle bushing (3) is arranged before the self-lubricated sleeve (4). 20
FR0857804A 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION Expired - Fee Related FR2938608B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857804A FR2938608B1 (en) 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION
PCT/FR2009/052051 WO2010055243A1 (en) 2008-11-17 2009-10-26 Starter comprising a starter pinion fitted with an improved bushing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857804A FR2938608B1 (en) 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2938608A1 true FR2938608A1 (en) 2010-05-21
FR2938608B1 FR2938608B1 (en) 2015-06-19

Family

ID=40404882

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR0857804A Expired - Fee Related FR2938608B1 (en) 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR2938608B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010055243A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4098895A1 (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-12-07 Devialet Bearing for axial guidance, in particular for a speaker

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03189366A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-08-19 Hitachi Ltd Starter
JPH0454276A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-21 Nippondenso Co Ltd Roller bearing of starter
JPH04116267A (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-04-16 Nippondenso Co Ltd Starter
JPH1182265A (en) * 1997-09-10 1999-03-26 Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd Engine starter
US20040026926A1 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-02-12 Denso Corporation Starter
JP2004353736A (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-16 Nsk Ltd Pulley device with built-in one-way clutch
JP2006233813A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-09-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Start electric motor with intermediate gear

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03189366A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-08-19 Hitachi Ltd Starter
JPH0454276A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-21 Nippondenso Co Ltd Roller bearing of starter
JPH04116267A (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-04-16 Nippondenso Co Ltd Starter
JPH1182265A (en) * 1997-09-10 1999-03-26 Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd Engine starter
US20040026926A1 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-02-12 Denso Corporation Starter
JP2004353736A (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-16 Nsk Ltd Pulley device with built-in one-way clutch
JP2006233813A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-09-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Start electric motor with intermediate gear

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4098895A1 (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-12-07 Devialet Bearing for axial guidance, in particular for a speaker
FR3123697A1 (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-12-09 Devialet Axial guide bearing, in particular for loudspeaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010055243A1 (en) 2010-05-20
FR2938608B1 (en) 2015-06-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2011252482A (en) Throttle apparatus
FR2706963A1 (en)
FR2938608A1 (en) STARTER COMPRISING A LAUNCHER SPROCKET EQUIPPED WITH IMPROVED CUSHION
FR2829821A1 (en) Planetary gear set reduction ring gear for motor vehicle starter, has outer section and inner crown ring formed of forged steel segments
FR2957638A1 (en) ENGINE THERMAL ENGINE STARTER
FR2820170A1 (en) MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING A HELICOIDAL TOOTHING Pinion
WO2003072936A1 (en) Electric starter with a damping stop for the starter drive assembly
FR3091915A1 (en) "Metal part for an internal combustion engine and assembly comprising such a part"
FR2769049A1 (en) DEBRAYABLE STARTER
JP2010144827A (en) Oil seal press fitting structure
FR3083270A1 (en) SPEED REDUCER FOR STARTER
FR2820171A1 (en) Starter motor gear for motor vehicle internal combustion engine has throw gear with helical pinion to selectively engage toothed edge of flywheel
FR3081939A1 (en) LAUNCHER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER
FR2731748A1 (en) STARTER FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE PROVIDED WITH IMPROVED LAUNCHER GUIDANCE MEANS
FR3017665A1 (en) PUMP BLOCK
EP3325798B1 (en) Starter drive of a vehicle
FR3088970A1 (en) Motor vehicle starter
EP0578556A1 (en) Belt tensioner for an internal combustion engine
FR2886687A1 (en) Heat engine starting system for use in motor vehicle, has starting ring gear welded on flywheel and including toothed portion that cooperates with accelerator pinion, where accelerator pinion is fixed in position on output shaft of starter
EP0774579A1 (en) Device for fastening a fuel injector to an internal combustion engine cylinder head
FR3024192A1 (en) GUIDE PULLEY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
EP1795774B1 (en) Clutch subassembly specially for motorcycle, and clutch comprising said subassembly
FR2808857A1 (en) Anti-noise chattering system for gear power transmission comprises elastomer running surface on teeth of one pinion in contact with other pinion
FR3085341A1 (en) MOTOR VEHICLE STEERING ASSISTANCE UNIT INCLUDING A BALL BEARING LOCK
JP5030041B2 (en) Engine starting torque transmission mechanism

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 9

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 10

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 11

ST Notification of lapse

Effective date: 20200910