FR2864141A1 - Electrostatic filter for removing soot particles from internal combustion engine exhaust gases comprises at least one filtration cell and includes a catalyst disposed in the gas flow path in each cell - Google Patents
Electrostatic filter for removing soot particles from internal combustion engine exhaust gases comprises at least one filtration cell and includes a catalyst disposed in the gas flow path in each cell Download PDFInfo
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- FR2864141A1 FR2864141A1 FR0315090A FR0315090A FR2864141A1 FR 2864141 A1 FR2864141 A1 FR 2864141A1 FR 0315090 A FR0315090 A FR 0315090A FR 0315090 A FR0315090 A FR 0315090A FR 2864141 A1 FR2864141 A1 FR 2864141A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0217—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of hollow cylindrical bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
- F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2835—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support fibrous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/285—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for fibrous supports, e.g. held in place by screens
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2864141 12864141 1
Système de filtration électrostatique pour les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne La présente invention concerne des systèmes de filtration électrostatique des particules de suie contenues dans les gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne, en particulier des moteurs diesel, pour véhicules automobiles, du type comprenant au moins une cellule élémentaire de filtration traversée par les gaz d'échappement. The present invention relates to systems for the electrostatic filtration of soot particles contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines, for controlling the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. motor vehicles, of the type comprising at least one elementary filter cell traversed by the exhaust gas.
On cherche à l'heure actuelle à diminuer au maximum les émissions polluantes des moteurs à combustion interne utilisés dans les véhicules automobiles et, en particulier, à réduire ou éliminer l'émission de particules de suie par les moteurs diesel. At present, the aim is to minimize the polluting emissions of internal combustion engines used in motor vehicles and, in particular, to reduce or eliminate the emission of soot particles by diesel engines.
La demanderesse a mis au point un système de filtration électrostatique qui a fait l'objet du dépôt d'une demande de brevet.. .... The applicant has developed an electrostatic filtration system which has been the subject of filing a patent application.
.....DTD: français n 02 06 304 et publiée sous le numéro FR 2 839 903. Cette demande de brevet décrit un dispositif de filtration comprenant un passage pour les gaz d'échappement, une électrode externe entourant le passage, formée par un agglomérat ou un enchevêtrement de fibres métalliques perméables au gaz et apte à retenir mécaniquement des particules. Une électrode interne est disposée selon l'axe du passage et des moyens d'alimentation électrique des électrodes permettent d'établir un champ électrique avec formation de décharges couronne pour une filtration électrostatique des particules. Grâce à l'existence de cette électrode externe jouant le rôle de cathode poreuse par l'enchevêtrement de fils métalliques, en coopération avec l'anode centrale, on obtient simultanément une filtration mécanique et une filtration de type électrostatique. En effet, les particules empruntant le passage dans la cellule de filtration sont amenées à traverser la cathode poreuse externe formée par l'agglomérat ou l'enchevêtrement de fibres métalliques qui constitue une multitude d'obstacles 2864141 2 permettant l'interception des particules par un processus mécanique intensifié par les interactions électrostatiques entre les fibres reliées à la masse et les particules chargées électriquement. ..... DTD: French No. 02 06 304 and published under the number FR 2 839 903. This patent application describes a filtration device comprising a passage for the exhaust gas, an external electrode surrounding the passage, formed by an agglomerate or entanglement of metal fibers permeable to gas and capable of mechanically retaining particles. An internal electrode is disposed along the axis of the passage and electrode supply means for establishing an electric field with formation of corona discharges for electrostatic filtration of the particles. Thanks to the existence of this external electrode acting as a porous cathode by the entanglement of metal wires, in cooperation with the central anode, simultaneous mechanical filtration and electrostatic type filtration are obtained. Indeed, the particles passing through the filtration cell are caused to pass through the outer porous cathode formed by the agglomeration or entanglement of metal fibers which constitutes a multitude of obstacles allowing the interception of the particles by a mechanical process intensified by electrostatic interactions between mass-bound fibers and electrically charged particles.
Les particules piégées dans l'électrode externe peuvent colmater cette dernière, ou limiter le nombre d'espaces disponibles pour piéger d'autres particules. Il est donc souhaitable d'éliminer les particules piégées, régulièrement ou lors de phases de purge. Il est possible de les éliminer par combustion en chauffant l'électrode externe, mais cela peut s'avérer insuffisant si les gaz d'échappement sont fortement chargés et que la cellule doit être régénérée rapidement. En outre, le chauffage de l'électrode externe nécessite un apport d'énergie important entraînant un surcroît de consommation. Le chauffage nécessite en outre d'isoler de façon satisfaisante l'électrode, ce qui entraîne une augmentation de l'encombrement de la cellule de filtration si on prévoit des isolants thermiques autour de ladite cellule. Particles trapped in the outer electrode can clog the outer electrode, or limit the number of spaces available to trap other particles. It is therefore desirable to remove trapped particles regularly or during purge phases. It is possible to eliminate them by combustion by heating the external electrode, but this may be insufficient if the exhaust gases are heavily charged and the cell has to be regenerated quickly. In addition, the heating of the external electrode requires a significant energy input resulting in additional consumption. The heating also requires satisfactory isolation of the electrode, which leads to an increase in the size of the filter cell if thermal insulators are provided around said cell.
La présente invention propose un système de filtration visant à améliorer l'élimination des particules de suies piégées dans une cellule élémentaire de filtration électrostatique pour la régénération de la cellule, ainsi que l'élimination des polluants du type monoxyde de carbone (CO), oxydes d'azotes (NOx), ou hydrocarbures imbrûlés (HC). The present invention provides a filtration system to improve the removal of soot particles trapped in an elementary electrostatic filtration cell for the regeneration of the cell, as well as the removal of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), oxides. of nitrogen (NOx), or unburned hydrocarbons (HC).
Un tel système de filtration électrostatique des particules de suie contenues dans les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprend au moins une cellule élémentaire de filtration comportant un passage pour les gaz d'échappement, une électrode externe perméable aux gaz et entourant le passage, et une électrode centrale à haute tension maintenue dans le passage, les gaz pénétrant dans le passage et traversant l'électrode externe. Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système comprend un catalyseur disposé dans l'écoulement des gaz d'échappement dans la cellule élémentaire de filtration (7), le catalyseur favorisant une oxydation de particules de suie, une oxydation des molécules de monoxyde de carbone (CO), une 2864141 3 oxydation des molécules d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés (HC) et/ou des molécules oxydes d'azotes (NOx), Un catalyseur disposé sur le chemin des gaz d'échappement permet par exemple d'abaisser une température de combustion des particules de suie. Ainsi, il est possible d'éliminer les particules de suie par une élévation de la température de l'électrode externe en diminuant la température finale atteinte par l'électrode externe, et ainsi l'énergie nécessaire pour la régénération de la cellule. Un catalyseur peut de la même façon être choisi pour une oxydation des molécules de monoxyde de carbone (CO), une oxydation de molécules d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés (HC), et/ou une réduction des molécules d'oxyde d'azote NOx. Such a system for the electrostatic filtration of the soot particles contained in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprises at least one elementary filtration cell comprising a passage for the exhaust gases, an external electrode permeable to gases and surrounding the passage, and a high voltage central electrode held in the passage, the gases entering the passage and passing through the outer electrode. According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises a catalyst arranged in the flow of exhaust gases in the elementary filtration cell (7), the catalyst promoting oxidation of soot particles, oxidation of the monoxide carbon (CO), an oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbon molecules (HC) and / or nitrogen oxide molecules (NOx), a catalyst disposed on the exhaust path allows for example to lower a temperature of combustion of soot particles. Thus, it is possible to remove the soot particles by raising the temperature of the external electrode by decreasing the final temperature reached by the external electrode, and thus the energy required for the regeneration of the cell. A catalyst can similarly be selected for oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules, oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbon molecules (HC), and / or reduction of NOx nitrogen oxide molecules.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le système comprend un volume de catalyseur perméable aux gaz d'échappement et disposé en travers de l'entrée du passage de la cellule élémentaire, de sorte que les gaz gaz d'échappement sont traités en entrant dans la cellule. Si le système comprend une pluralité de cellules élémentaires de filtration, on prévoira avantageusement dans ce cas un volume de catalyseur pour chaque cellule élémentaire de filtration. In one embodiment, the system comprises an exhaust gas permeable catalyst volume disposed across the inlet of the passageway of the elementary cell, so that the exhaust gases are treated upon entering the cell. . If the system comprises a plurality of elementary filter cells, advantageously, in this case, a catalyst volume will be provided for each elementary filtration cell.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le système comprend une pluralité de cellules élémentaires disposées en parallèle dans un flux de gaz d'échappement, et un volume monobloc de catalyseur disposé en travers d'au moins deux entrées de passage de deux cellules élémentaires de filtration. Un unique volume de catalyseur et plus simple à obtenir et à fixer, et il peut permettre une oxydation des molécules de monoxyde de carbone (CO), une oxydation de molécules d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés (HC), et/ou une réduction des molécules d'oxyde d'azote (NOx) suivant la phase catalytique déposée sur un support et formant le volume de catalyseur. In one embodiment, the system comprises a plurality of elementary cells arranged in parallel in an exhaust gas flow, and a one-piece volume of catalyst disposed across at least two passageways of two elementary filtration cells. A single catalyst volume that is simpler to obtain and fix, and can allow oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules, oxidation of unburned hydrocarbon molecules (HC), and / or reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) following the catalytic phase deposited on a support and forming the catalyst volume.
Avantageusement, à une extrémité, l'électrode centrale d'une cellule traverse le volume de catalyseur en étant maintenue par ce 2864141 4 dernier. Ceci est notamment avantageux dans le cas d'une électrode filaire, qui peut ainsi être mieux maintenu dans le passage. Advantageously, at one end, the central electrode of a cell passes through the volume of catalyst while being maintained by this last 2864141 4. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a wire electrode, which can be better maintained in the passage.
Dans un mode de réalisation un volume de catalyseur est un monolithe en nid d'abeille recouvert ou imprégné d'un catalyseur. In one embodiment a catalyst volume is a honeycomb monolith coated or impregnated with a catalyst.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le catalyseur est enduit sur une surface intérieure de l'électrode externe d'une cellule. Les particules de suie sont en contact avec le catalyseur juste avant de traverser l'électrode externe. In one embodiment, the catalyst is coated on an inner surface of the outer electrode of a cell. The soot particles are in contact with the catalyst just before passing through the external electrode.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'électrode externe est formée par un agglomérat de fibres métalliques, au moins une partie des fibres étant imprégnées de catalyseur et réparties au sein de l'électrode externe. Les particules de suie sont en contact avec le catalyseur lorsqu'elles sont piégées dans l'électrode. In one embodiment, the outer electrode is formed by an agglomerate of metal fibers, at least a portion of the fibers being impregnated with catalyst and distributed within the outer electrode. The soot particles are in contact with the catalyst when trapped in the electrode.
Si l'électrode externe comporte une pluralité de couches d'enchevêtrement de fibres métalliques, les couches présentant des enchevêtrements de densités différentes, la couche la plus dense peut être constituée de fibres imprégnées de catalyseur. Les particules de suie auront une plus grande probabilité d'entrer en contact avec le catalyseur si ce dernier est disposé sur les fibres d'une couche plus dense où les interstices permettant le passage des particules entre les fibres sont moins nombreux ou moins grands. If the outer electrode has a plurality of metal fiber entanglement layers, the layers having entanglements of different densities, the denser layer may be made of catalyst impregnated fibers. The soot particles will have a greater probability of coming into contact with the catalyst if it is disposed on the fibers of a denser layer where the interstices allowing the passage of particles between the fibers are less numerous or smaller.
Avantageusement, un support pour le catalyseur est constitué de cordiérite. Advantageously, a support for the catalyst consists of cordierite.
La présente invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à l'étude de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation pris à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif et illustrée par les dessins annexés sur lesquels: la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un système de filtration selon un aspect de l'invention; - la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un système de filtration selon un second mode de réalisation; 2864141 5 - la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un système de filtration selon un troisième mode de réalisation; - la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un système de filtration selon un quatrième mode de réalisation; et - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'une paroi de l'électrode externe d'une cellule élémentaire de filtration comprenant plusieurs couches d'enchevêtrement. The present invention and its advantages will be better understood from the study of the detailed description of an embodiment taken by way of non-limiting example and illustrated by the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section; a filtration system according to one aspect of the invention; - Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a filtration system according to a second embodiment; FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section of a filtration system according to a third embodiment; - Figure 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a filtration system according to a fourth embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a wall of the external electrode of an elementary filtration cell comprising several entanglement layers.
Dans toutes la description, et sur les différentes figures, les éléments similaires des différents modes de réalisation portent les mêmes numéros de référence. In all the description, and in the different figures, the similar elements of the different embodiments bear the same reference numbers.
Sur la figure 1, un système de filtration électrostatique référencé 1 dans son ensemble comprend un cône d'admission 2, une unité de filtration 3, et un cône de sortie 4. L'unité de filtration 3 comprend un premier flasque 5 disposé en travers de la sortie de grand diamètre du cône d'admission 2, et un second flasque 6 disposé en travers de l'entrée de grand diamètre du cône de sortie 4. In Figure 1, an electrostatic filtration system referenced 1 as a whole comprises an intake cone 2, a filtration unit 3, and an outlet cone 4. The filtration unit 3 comprises a first flange 5 arranged across the large diameter outlet of the intake cone 2, and a second flange 6 disposed across the large diameter inlet of the outlet cone 4.
Des cellules élémentaires- de filtration 7 sont disposées dans l'unité de filtration 3 en s'étendant entre les premier et second flasques 5, 6. Chaque cellule élémentaire de filtration 7 comprend une électrode externe 8 de forme générale cylindrique et formée par un agglomérat ou un enchevêtrement de fibres métalliques. L'électrode externe 8 comprend des croisillons métalliques 9 noyés dans l'épaisseur de l'électrode externe 8 et répartis circonférentiellement et axialement dans l'épaisseur de l'électrode externe 8 pour augmenter sa rigidité et assurer une continuité électrique de l'électrode 8. L'électrode 8 forme un passage axial 10 qu'elle entoure. Elementary filtration cells 7 are arranged in the filtration unit 3 extending between the first and second flanges 5, 6. Each elementary filtration cell 7 comprises an outer electrode 8 of cylindrical general shape and formed by an agglomerate or entanglement of metal fibers. The external electrode 8 comprises metal braces 9 embedded in the thickness of the outer electrode 8 and distributed circumferentially and axially in the thickness of the outer electrode 8 to increase its rigidity and ensure electrical continuity of the electrode 8 The electrode 8 forms an axial passage 10 which it surrounds.
L'électrode externe 8 présente du côté du premier flasque 5 une face frontale en contact axial avec une couronne isolante 11 de fixation de l'électrode externe 8 sur le premier flasque 5. La couronne 11 est traversée par un conducteur 12 reliant l'électrode externe 8 à une masse de potentiel nul. Le premier flasque 5 présente des ouvertures en regard des passages 10 des cellules élémentaires de 2864141 6 filtration, de sorte que le passage central 10 communique avec le cône d'admission 2. The external electrode 8 has on the side of the first flange 5 a front face in axial contact with an insulating ring 11 for fixing the outer electrode 8 on the first flange 5. The ring 11 is traversed by a conductor 12 connecting the electrode external 8 to a mass of zero potential. The first flange 5 has openings facing the passages 10 of the elementary cells 2864141 6 filtration, so that the central passage 10 communicates with the intake cone 2.
L'électrode externe 8 est fixée du côté opposé sur le second flasque 6 par l'intermédiaire d'un disque isolant 13 en appui axial par une surface radiale contre une surface frontale de l'électrode externe 8 et par une surface radiale opposée contre le second flasque 6. Le disque 13 ferme axialement le passage central 10 du côté opposé au cône d'admission 2. The external electrode 8 is fixed on the opposite side to the second flange 6 by means of an insulating disc 13 bearing axially by a radial surface against a front surface of the external electrode 8 and by an opposite radial surface against the second flange 6. The disc 13 axially closes the central passage 10 on the opposite side to the intake cone 2.
Une cellule élémentaire de filtration 7 comprend également une électrode centrale filaire 14 sous la forme d'une tige 15 coaxiale à l'électrode externe 8 et dont une extrémité 16 est enfichée dans le disque isolant 13. L'électrode interne 14 s'étend axialement depuis son extrémité 16 au-delà de la couronne de fixation 11 en étant coudée pour former une portion 17 sortant du cône d'admission 2 par une ouverture formée dans une paroi du cône d'admission 2. Un isolateur 18 est disposé dans l'ouverture pour isoler électriquement la paroi du cône d'admission 2 de l'électrode interne 14, qui est reliée électriquement à une source de tension 19. An elementary filtration cell 7 also comprises a wired central electrode 14 in the form of a rod 15 coaxial with the external electrode 8 and one end 16 of which is plugged into the insulating disk 13. The internal electrode 14 extends axially from its end 16 beyond the fixing ring 11 being bent to form a portion 17 leaving the intake cone 2 through an opening formed in a wall of the intake cone 2. An insulator 18 is disposed in the opening for electrically isolating the wall of the intake cone 2 from the internal electrode 14, which is electrically connected to a voltage source 19.
Une cellule élémentaire de filtration 7 comprend des moyens de chauffage de l'électrode externe 8 sous la forme de conducteurs 20, isolés ou non de l'électrode externe 8 et disposés axialement dans l'électrode externe 8 en étant noyés dans l'épaisseur de cette dernière. An elementary filtration cell 7 comprises means for heating the external electrode 8 in the form of conductors 20, insulated or not of the external electrode 8 and arranged axially in the external electrode 8 while being embedded in the thickness of the the latter.
L'unité de filtration 3 comprend une enveloppe collectrice 21 entourant l'ensemble des filtres élémentaires 7. L'enveloppe collectrice 21 est fermée. Le second flasque 6 est muni d'ouvertures 22 en regard des interstices formés entre les surfaces extérieures des électrodes externes 8 des cellules élémentaires de filtration 7. The filtration unit 3 comprises a collector envelope 21 surrounding all the elementary filters 7. The collector envelope 21 is closed. The second flange 6 is provided with openings 22 opposite the interstices formed between the outer surfaces of the external electrodes 8 of the elementary filtration cells 7.
En fonctionnement, les gaz d'échappement chargés de particules entrent dans le cône d'admission 2 par l'entrée de petit diamètre puis ressortent par la sortie de grand diamètre. Les gaz d'échappement rencontrant le premier flasque 5 s'engouffrent dans les passages 10 des cellules élémentaires de filtration 7. Les gaz 2864141 7 d'échappement traversent ensuite les électrodes externes 8 de chacune des cellules élémentaires de filtration 7 et se retrouvent dans les interstices entre les électrodes externes 8 et l'enveloppe collectrice 21. Les gaz d'échappement emprisonnés par 1' enveloppe collectrice 21 se déplacent vers la droite sur la figure 1 pour ressortir par les ouvertures 22 du second flasque 6 vers la sortie du cône de sortie 4. In operation, the particle-laden exhaust gases enter the intake cone 2 through the small-diameter inlet and exit through the large-diameter outlet. The exhaust gases meeting the first flange 5 rush into the passages 10 of the elementary filtration cells 7. The exhaust gases then pass through the external electrodes 8 of each of the elementary filtration cells 7 and are found in the interstices between the external electrodes 8 and the collector shell 21. The exhaust gases trapped by the collector envelope 21 move to the right in FIG. 1 to emerge through the openings 22 of the second flange 6 towards the outlet of the cone of FIG. exit 4.
En passant à travers l'électrode externe 8, les gaz d'échappement chargés de particules sont filtrés mécaniquement. En effet, l'électrode externe 8 est formée par un agglomérat ou un enchevêtrement de fils métalliques qui forment de multiples obstacles capables d'intercepter les particules. Ce processus de filtration mécanique est intensifié par une filtration électrostatique résultant des interactions entre l'enchevêtrement de fils métalliques reliés à la masse et les particules chargées électriquement, comme cela sera By passing through the external electrode 8, the particle-laden exhaust gases are mechanically filtered. Indeed, the outer electrode 8 is formed by an agglomerate or entanglement of metal son which form multiple obstacles capable of intercepting the particles. This mechanical filtration process is intensified by electrostatic filtration resulting from the interactions between the entanglement of grounded wires and electrically charged particles, as will be
mieux compris dans la suite de la description better understood in the following description
Par ailleurs, la cellule élémentaire de filtration 7 a également un effet de filtrage électrostatique directe des gaz chargés de particules. L'électrode externe 8 est en effet maintenue à un potentiel nul, l'électrode centrale 14 étant portée à un potentiel positif ou négatif. La différence de potentiel créée entre les électrodes externe 8 et centrale 14 induit la présence d'un champ électrique dans le passage axial 10. Si ce champ électrique possède une intensité suffisante, en particulier au très proche voisinage de l'électrode centrale 14, il se produit une ionisation partielle ou totale des gaz ou du milieu compris entre les électrodes centrale 14 et externe 8. Un milieu gazeux ionisé comprend des électrons libres, des ions positifs et négatifs. Les particules présentes dans le milieu ionisé se combinent avec des électrons ou des ions en formant des particules chargées. De même une avalanche électronique d'une électrode vers l'autre provoque des collisions entre les électrons et les particules qui se combinent pour former des particules chargées négativement. Moreover, the elementary filtration cell 7 also has a direct electrostatic filtering effect of the particle-laden gases. The external electrode 8 is in fact maintained at a zero potential, the central electrode 14 being brought to a positive or negative potential. The potential difference created between the external and central electrodes 14 induces the presence of an electric field in the axial passage 10. If this electric field has a sufficient intensity, in particular in the very near vicinity of the central electrode 14, it Partial or total ionization of the gases or the medium between the central and outer electrodes 14 occurs. An ionized gaseous medium comprises free electrons, positive and negative ions. Particles in the ionized medium combine with electrons or ions to form charged particles. Likewise, an electronic avalanche from one electrode to the other causes collisions between the electrons and the particles that combine to form negatively charged particles.
2864141 8 La circulation radiale des gaz entraîne les particules chargées vers l'électrode externe 8. Les particules chargées traversant l'électrode externe 8 sont piégées par interception sur l'enchevêtrement de fils métalliques et par des phénomènes d'interaction électrostatique du fait des charges électriques portées par lesdites particules. Les forces de Van der Walls et les forces de capillarité maintiennent les particules fixées sur les fils métalliques même après qu'elles aient cédé leur charge électrique. The radial circulation of the gases causes the charged particles to the external electrode 8. The charged particles passing through the external electrode 8 are trapped by interception on the entanglement of metal wires and by phenomena of electrostatic interaction due to the charges. electrodes carried by said particles. Van der Walls forces and capillary forces keep the particles attached to the wires even after they give up their electrical charge.
Pour améliorer l'élimination des particules, on prévoit en outre un catalyseur disposé sur le passage des gaz d'échappement à travers les cellules élémentaires de filtrage. In order to improve the removal of the particles, provision is furthermore made for a catalyst arranged on the passage of the exhaust gases through the elementary filtering cells.
Sur la figure 1, des volumes de catalyseur 23 sont prévus sous la forme de bouchons perméables au gaz d'échappement et disposés en entrée des passages 10 des cellules élémentaires de filtration 7. Un ' bouchon 23 est ici inséré et fixé dans une couronne isolante 11 de fixation de l'électrode externe 8 sur le premier flasque 5. Un trou est ménagé dans le bouchon 23 pour le passage de l'électrode centrale 14 tout en procurant un maintien pour l'électrode centrale 14. In FIG. 1, catalyst volumes 23 are provided in the form of plugs permeable to the exhaust gas and arranged at the inlet of the passages 10 of the elementary filtration cells 7. A plug 23 is here inserted and fixed in an insulating ring. 11 of fixing the outer electrode 8 on the first flange 5. A hole is formed in the plug 23 for the passage of the central electrode 14 while providing a hold for the central electrode 14.
L'épaisseur du bouchon 23 peut être adaptée en fonction du débit maximal de gaz d'échappement qui traverseront le bouchon 23. Plus le bouchon sera épais, plus il pourra contenir de catalyseur, permettant ainsi le traitement d'une plus grande quantité de gaz d'échappement. The thickness of the plug 23 can be adapted as a function of the maximum flow of exhaust gas that will pass through the plug 23. The thicker the plug, the more it can contain catalyst, thus allowing the treatment of a larger amount of gas. exhaust.
Sur la figure 1, le bouchon est de longueur sensiblement égale à celle de la couronne de fixation 11. On peut parfaitement prévoir un bouchon plus épais venant en saillie de la surface du flasque opposée à l'électrode externe 8, ou en saillie dans le passage 10. In FIG. 1, the plug is of length substantially equal to that of the fixing ring 11. It is perfectly possible to provide a thicker plug projecting from the surface of the flange opposite to the external electrode 8, or projecting into the passage 10.
Le bouchon se présente par exemple sous la forme d'un disque monolithique en nid d'abeille, par exemple en cordiérite, imprégné de catalyseur. The plug is for example in the form of a monolithic honeycomb disc, for example cordierite, impregnated with catalyst.
Dans une variante illustrée sur la figure 2, le système de filtration comprend un volume monolithique de catalyseur 24 de forme 2864141 9 correspondante à celle du premier flasque 5 et disposé contre la surface du premier flasque 5 orientée du côté opposé aux électrodes externes 8. Le volume de catalyseur 24 se trouve ainsi en travers des entrée des passages des différentes cellules élémentaires 7, de sorte que les gaz d'échappement pénétrant dans chacune des cellules traversent préalablement le volume de catalyseur 24. In a variant illustrated in FIG. 2, the filtration system comprises a monolithic catalyst volume 24 of form 2864141 9 corresponding to that of the first flange 5 and disposed against the surface of the first flange 5 oriented on the side opposite to the external electrodes 8. The volume of catalyst 24 is thus across the inlet passages of the various elementary cells 7, so that the exhaust gas entering each of the cells previously pass through the catalyst volume 24.
Le volume de catalyseur est muni de trous pour le passage des électrodes centrales 14, tout en les maintenant. The catalyst volume is provided with holes for the passage of the central electrodes 14, while maintaining them.
Le volume de catalyseur peut être imprégné dans son ensemble de catalyseur. En variante, afin d'utiliser moins de catalyseur, on peut prévoir d'imprégner le volume uniquement dans les zones situées en regard des passages 10 des cellules élémentaires, comme illustré sur la figure 2 par des zones 25 délimitées par des pointillés et situées dans le prolongement des passages 10. The catalyst volume may be impregnated in its catalyst assembly. Alternatively, in order to use less catalyst, it can be provided to impregnate the volume only in the areas facing the passageways 10 of the elementary cells, as illustrated in FIG. 2 by zones delimited by dashed lines and located in the extension of the passages 10.
Le volume monolithique de catalyseur peut être du type nid d'abeille. Dans ce cas, on notera que le volume introduit une perte de charge uniformément répartie sur toute la section de sortie du cône d'admission, permettant ainsi une répartition uniforme des gaz d'échappement en sortie du cône d'admission et dans les différentes cellules élémentaires de filtration 7. The monolithic catalyst volume may be of the honeycomb type. In this case, it will be noted that the volume introduces a loss of load uniformly distributed over the entire outlet section of the intake cone, thus allowing a uniform distribution of the exhaust gas leaving the intake cone and in the various cells. elementary filtration 7.
Sur la figure 3, un système de filtration 1 est similaire à celui des figures 1 et 2, à ceci près qu'un catalyseur est disposé sur une surface interne de l'électrode externe. Le catalyseur est enduit sur un revêtement 26 recouvrant ladite surface interne, ce revêtement 26 étant perméable aux gaz d'échappement et aux particules. In Figure 3, a filtration system 1 is similar to that of Figures 1 and 2, except that a catalyst is disposed on an inner surface of the outer electrode. The catalyst is coated on a coating 26 covering said inner surface, this coating 26 being permeable to the exhaust gases and particles.
Sur la figure 4, l'électrode externe 8 est formée au moins en partie de fibres 27 enduites de catalyseur. Il en résulte que le catalyseur est présent dans le volume de l'électrode externe. Des particules de suie peuvent être oxydées une fois qu'elle sont piégées dans l'électrode externe. In Fig. 4, the outer electrode 8 is formed at least in part of catalyst coated fibers 27. As a result, the catalyst is present in the volume of the external electrode. Soot particles can be oxidized once they are trapped in the outer electrode.
Sur la figure 5, une électrode externe 8 pouvant être utilisée dans une cellule élémentaire de filtration est composée de deux 2864141 10 couches d'enchevêtrement de fibre, une couche 28 étant plus dense que l'autre couche 29. Dans ce cas, on peut prévoir que les fibres de la couche 28 la plus dense sont au moins en partie imprégnées de catalyseur. Ainsi, les particules piégées dans l'électrode externe 8 entreront en contact avec le catalyseur avec une grande probabilité. In FIG. 5, an external electrode 8 that can be used in an elementary filter cell is composed of two layers of fiber entanglement, one layer 28 being denser than the other layer 29. In this case, it is possible to provide that the fibers of the denser layer 28 are at least partly impregnated with catalyst. Thus, particles trapped in the outer electrode 8 will contact the catalyst with a high probability.
On a décrit différents modes de réalisation. Bien entendu, ces modes de réalisation peuvent être combinés. On pourra notamment prévoir des bouchons ou un volume monolithique en entrée des passages des cellules élémentaires de filtration, et en plus un revêtement de catalyseur sur une surface interne de l'électrode externe, ou des fibres imprégnées de catalyseur dans l'électrode externe. Various embodiments have been described. Of course, these embodiments can be combined. In particular, it is possible to provide plugs or a monolithic volume at the inlet of the passages of the elementary filtration cells, and in addition a catalyst coating on an internal surface of the external electrode, or fibers impregnated with catalyst in the external electrode.
Grâce à l'invention, on obtient un système de filtration comprenant une ou plusieurs cellules élémentaires de filtration qui peuvent être facilement régénérées par oxydation catalytique des particules piégées. Le système de filtration peut également réaliser l'oxydation ou la réduction des polluants du type monoxyde de carbone (CO), oxydes d'azotes (NOx), ou hydrocarbures imbrûlés (HC), suivant une phase catalytique employée. Thanks to the invention, there is obtained a filtration system comprising one or more elementary filter cells which can be easily regenerated by catalytic oxidation of the trapped particles. The filtration system can also carry out the oxidation or reduction of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), or unburnt hydrocarbons (HC), depending on a catalytic phase used.
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EP3002428A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Oil removal apparatus |
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EP0608619A1 (en) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-08-03 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Exhaust gas purification |
US6517786B1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2003-02-11 | Institute Fuer Niedertemperatur-Plasmaphysik E. V. An Der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitaet Greifswald | Device and method for decomposing harmful substances contained in flue gas |
WO2003047728A1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-12 | Accentus Plc | Non-thermal plasma reactor with filter |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT503855B1 (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2008-01-15 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Oesterreich | Soot articles removing device for diesel engine, has metal unit loaded opposite to flow channel in region of filter unit, arranged with its end self supporting at flow channel, and extinguishing to contact with filter unit |
EP3002428A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Oil removal apparatus |
JP2016075154A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-05-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Oil removal device |
Also Published As
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