FR2785564A1 - TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CUTTING OR WELDING - Google Patents
TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CUTTING OR WELDING Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2785564A1 FR2785564A1 FR9814300A FR9814300A FR2785564A1 FR 2785564 A1 FR2785564 A1 FR 2785564A1 FR 9814300 A FR9814300 A FR 9814300A FR 9814300 A FR9814300 A FR 9814300A FR 2785564 A1 FR2785564 A1 FR 2785564A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- layer
- frequency
- strip
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/0344—Observing the speed of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
- B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
- B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
- B29C66/244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
- B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/851—Bag or container making machines
- B29C66/8511—Bag making machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91631—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being kept constant over time
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
- B29C66/934—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
- B29C66/939—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges
- B29C66/9392—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. speed diagrams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/952—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the wavelength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/42—Plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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- B29K2023/086—EVOH, i.e. ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer
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- B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
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- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets
- B29L2031/7129—Bags, sacks, sachets open
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
TRAITEMENT DE MATERIAUX AU LASER, NOTAMMENT DE DECOUPAGE
OU DE SOUDURE
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION
L'invention concerne le domaine des procédés qui utilisent un laser en vue de transformer des matériaux, notamment en vue de souder, de découper, d'inciser ou de marquer des matériaux, en particulier des matériaux en bandes ou feuilles comprenant une couche en matière plastique.TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY CUTTING
OR WELDING
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of methods which use a laser to transform materials, in particular to weld, cut, incise or mark materials, in particular materials in strips or sheets comprising a material layer. plastic.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE
Les applications du laser à la transformation des matériaux ont fait l'objet d'un très grand nombre de travaux et de publications.STATE OF THE ART
The applications of the laser to the transformation of materials have been the subject of a very large number of works and publications.
A titre d'exemple, on peut citer les documents typiques qui suivent
La demande internationale WO 89/10231 décrit un procédé de soudure tubulaire d'une feuille comprenant une couche de matériau thermoplastique, par fusion, sous irradiation au laser, des parties à souder.As an example, we can cite the following typical documents
International application WO 89/10231 describes a tubular welding process for a sheet comprising a layer of thermoplastic material, by fusion, under laser irradiation, of the parts to be welded.
Le brevet européen n 237 192 Bu décrit un procédé pour souder des surfaces de matière plastique à l'aide de surfaces réfléchissantes du faisceau laser.European Patent No. 237,192 Bu describes a method for welding plastic surfaces using reflective surfaces of the laser beam.
La demande française n 0 289 588 Al décrit un procédé de fixation de deux éléments revtus de matière thermoplastique à l'aide d'un laser fonctionnant dans une partie du spectre d'absorption de ladite matière thermoplastique.French application No. 0 289 588 A1 describes a method for fixing two elements coated with thermoplastic material using a laser operating in part of the absorption spectrum of said thermoplastic material.
II existe aussi, dans la littérature, de très nombreux articles sur l'utilisation des lasers
A titre d'exemple, on citera l'article de I. A. Jones et N. S. Taylor'High speed welding of plastics using lasers"dans ANTEC'94 pages 1360 à 1363) ainsi que l'article de J.There are also numerous articles in the literature on the use of lasers
By way of example, we will cite the article by IA Jones and NS Taylor'High speed welding of plastics using lasers "in ANTEC'94 pages 1360 to 1363) as well as the article by J.
KORTE et de H. POTENTE Taylor"Laser butt welding of semi-cristalline thermoplastics dans ANTEC'96 pages 1255 à 1259. KORTE and H. POTENTE Taylor "Laser butt welding of semi-crystalline thermoplastics in ANTEC'96 pages 1255 to 1259.
PROBLEME POSE
Le problème posé est relatif au traitement par un laser, sur ligne industrielle, de matériaux, typiquement en bande ou en feuille, comprenant une matière plastique
En effet, lorsque la demanderesse a essayé d'utiliser un laser classique pour remplacer, sur ligne industrielle fonctionnant en continu, un apport d'énergie thermique classique (par exemple par résistance électrique, par induction, etc...) en vue de souder un matériau multicouche comprenant une couche de matière plastique, elle s'est heurtée à différents problèmes -d'une part, elle a d'abord observé de grandes variations de qualité (voire une non soudabilité) selon la nature des matières plastiques utilisées et suivant le laser utilisé, -d'autre part, elle a aussi observé, mme pour une mme matière plastique utilisée, des variations de qualité suivant les cadences souhaitées. Elle a donc constaté la grande difficulté, sinon l'impossibilité d'assurer un apport constant d'énergie par une régulation appropriée du laser, qui soit commode, peu coûteuse, de faible encombrement, ergonomique et flexible.PROBLEM
The problem posed relates to the treatment by a laser, on an industrial line, of materials, typically in strip or in sheet, comprising a plastic material.
In fact, when the applicant has tried to use a conventional laser to replace, on an industrial line operating continuously, a contribution of conventional thermal energy (for example by electrical resistance, by induction, etc.) in order to weld a multilayer material comprising a layer of plastic, it encountered various problems - on the one hand, it first observed large variations in quality (or even non-weldability) depending on the nature of the plastics used and according to the laser used, on the other hand, it also observed, even for the same plastic material used, variations in quality according to the desired rates. It therefore noted the great difficulty, if not the impossibility of ensuring a constant supply of energy by appropriate regulation of the laser, which is convenient, inexpensive, compact, ergonomic and flexible.
Elle a donc recherché une solution d'ensemble à ces problèmes.It therefore sought an overall solution to these problems.
DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION
Selon l'invention, le traitement au laser d'un matériau, typiquement sous forme de bande, comprenant au moins une couche absorbant l'énergie du rayonnement laser, typiquement en matière plastique, en vue d'effectuer notamment une opération de découpage, d'incision, de marquage d'au moins ladite couche, ou de soudure dudit matériau sur luimme ou avec un second matériau, par apport d'énergie du faisceau laser localisé sur tout ou partie de ladite couche en vue de porter au moins ladite couche à la température nécessaire pour effectuer ladite opération, est caractérisé en ce que, typiquement une fois pour toutes avant ledit apport, et pour tout nouveau matériau à traiter, a) on établit d'abord, si elle n'est pas connue, la courbe d'absorption spectrale au moins de ladite couche, afin de déterminer un intervalle de fréquences correspondant à un pic d'absorption, b) on choisit ledit laser parmi les lasers dont la fréquence, ou longueur d'onde correspondante, du faisceau est ajustable sur un domaine de fréquences comprenant au moins ledit intervalle de fréquences relatif audit pic d'absorption, c) on accorde la fréquence dudit laser sur une fréquence vfiv, dite de travail, dudit intervalle de fréquences d'absorption, choisie pour permettre d'atteindre ladite température et d'effectuer ladite opération en un temps prédéterminé dudit traitement.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, the laser treatment of a material, typically in the form of a strip, comprising at least one layer absorbing the energy of the laser radiation, typically made of plastic, in order to carry out in particular a cutting operation, d incision, of marking at least said layer, or of welding said material on itself or with a second material, by supplying energy from the laser beam located on all or part of said layer in order to bring at least said layer to the temperature necessary for carrying out said operation, is characterized in that, typically once and for all before said supply, and for any new material to be treated, a) the curve d is first established, if it is not known spectral absorption of at least said layer, in order to determine a frequency interval corresponding to an absorption peak, b) said laser is chosen from among lasers whose frequency, or corresponding wavelength, of the beam u is adjustable over a frequency domain comprising at least said frequency interval relative to said absorption peak, c) the frequency of said laser is tuned to a frequency vfiv, called the working frequency, of said absorption frequency interval, chosen to allow reaching said temperature and performing said operation within a predetermined time of said treatment.
Ainsi, les moyens précédents, et notamment l'utilisation d'un laser à fréquence variable sur un domaine de fréquences donné, ajustable sur un intervalle de fréquence donné correspondant à un pic d'absorption du matériau M de ladite couche, permettent de résoudre un problème essentiel de l'invention.Thus, the above means, and in particular the use of a laser with variable frequency over a given frequency range, adjustable over a given frequency interval corresponding to an absorption peak of the material M of said layer, make it possible to resolve a essential problem of the invention.
En effet, d'une part, la plupart des matières plastiques présentent des pics d'absorption dans une mme partie du spectre d'absorption IR. Ainsi, par exemple, beaucoup de matières plastiques ayant des liaisons carbone-hydrogène présentent généralement des pics d'absorption dans des intervalles de fréquence communs ou voisins correspondant à certains modes de vibration des liaisons C-H. Un mme laser pourra donc tre utilisable pour un grand nombre de matières plastiques.On the one hand, most plastics have absorption peaks in the same part of the IR absorption spectrum. Thus, for example, many plastics with carbon-hydrogen bonds generally have absorption peaks in common or neighboring frequency intervals corresponding to certain modes of vibration of C-H bonds. The same laser can therefore be used for a large number of plastics.
D'autre part, pour une mme matière plastique, la variété des traitements et conditions expérimentales entraîne une égale variété des apports d'énergie par le laser aux matières plastiques et donc des températures requises. On conçoit aisément que, selon qu'il s'agisse par exemple de découpage ou de soudure, la température à atteindre dans ladite couche absorbant l'énergie ne sera pas la mme.On the other hand, for the same plastic material, the variety of treatments and experimental conditions results in an equal variety of energy inputs by the laser to the plastic materials and therefore of the temperatures required. It is easily understood that, depending on whether it is for example cutting or welding, the temperature to be reached in said energy absorbing layer will not be the same.
L'invention permet cette adaptation d'un mme laser aux conditions requises par ajustement de sa fréquence sur ladite fréquence de travail, compte tenu de la courbe d'absorption de ladite matière plastique et de la nature dudit travail.The invention allows this adaptation of the same laser to the conditions required by adjusting its frequency to said working frequency, taking into account the absorption curve of said plastic material and the nature of said work.
DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES
La figure 1 illustre le principe de l'invention et représente des diagrammes d'absorption (100) Al, A2 et A3, relatifs respectivement à trois matériaux MI, M2 et M3 constituant ladite couche (10) absorbant l'énergie. Sur ces 3 diagrammes schématiques où la fréquence v figure en abscisse et l'absorption A en ordonnée, sont représentés des pics d'absorption (101) auxquels correspondent des intervalles de fréquence (106). La superposition de ces trois diagrammes d'absorption AI, A2 et A3 permet de définir un domaine de fréquence commun (102), dans lequel chaque matériau présente au moins un pic d'absorption, ce domaine de fréquences, qui s'étend de va à Vb, étant celui du laser choisi.DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of the invention and represents absorption diagrams (100) A1, A2 and A3, relating respectively to three materials MI, M2 and M3 constituting said layer (10) absorbing energy. On these 3 schematic diagrams where the frequency v appears on the abscissa and the absorption A on the ordinate, are represented absorption peaks (101) to which correspond frequency intervals (106). The superposition of these three absorption diagrams AI, A2 and A3 makes it possible to define a common frequency domain (102), in which each material has at least one absorption peak, this frequency domain, which extends from va at Vb, being that of the chosen laser.
Selon le matériau, une fréquence de travail v,, (103) est choisie pour chaque matériau v pour Ml, vw2 pour M2, V,,, pour M3.Depending on the material, a working frequency v ,, (103) is chosen for each material v for Ml, vw2 for M2, V ,,, for M3.
Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent une modalité de l'invention dans laquelle la fréquence dudit laser peut varier pas à pas (104) autour de ladite fréquence de travail v. (103), sur une plage de travail (105) s'étendant d'une fréquence v, à une fréquence v2, comme représenté sur la figure 2. La figure 2 représente une portion (1010) de courbe d'absorption (101) correspondant à ladite plage de travail (105), et une portion de courbe de température T correspondante, avec en abscisse la fréquence v et en ordonnée, l'absorption A à gauche pour la portion de courbe (1010), la température T à droite pour la portion de courbe (1011). Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a method of the invention in which the frequency of said laser can vary step by step (104) around said working frequency v. (103), on a working range (105) extending from a frequency v, to a frequency v2, as shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 represents a portion (1010) of the absorption curve (101) corresponding to said working range (105), and a corresponding temperature curve portion T, with the frequency v on the abscissa and on the ordinate, the absorption A on the left for the curve portion (1010), the temperature T on the right for the curve portion (1011).
La figure 3 est en relation avec la figure 2 et représente une portion de courbe (1012), dite"isotherme", donnant la vitesse relative de défilement du matériau par rapport au faisceau laser en fonction de la fréquence v de manière à ce que, compte tenu de la courbe d'absorption (1010) de la figure 2, l'énergie reçue par unité de temps, et donc la température du matériau absorbant reste constante. Ainsi, des variations souhaitées ou accidentelles de vitesse sur ligne de production peuvent tre compensées par des variations automatiques de fréquence du laser. FIG. 3 is related to FIG. 2 and represents a portion of the curve (1012), called "isothermal", giving the relative speed of travel of the material with respect to the laser beam as a function of the frequency v so that, taking into account the absorption curve (1010) of FIG. 2, the energy received per unit of time, and therefore the temperature of the absorbent material remains constant. Thus, desired or accidental variations in speed on the production line can be compensated for by automatic variations in the frequency of the laser.
La figure 4 représente schématiquement une régulation dudit procédé et représente d'une part un matériau en bande (1) à traiter défilant à la vitesse V entre un dérouleur (6) et un enrouleur (7) sous un laser de traitement (2) comprenant un moyen de déplacement (21) et/ou de focalisation du faisceau (20) selon les directions X et/ou Y, et/ou Z, et d'autre part un moyen de régulation (22), typiquement un ordinateur ayant en mémoire la courbe d'absorption A = (p (v), et les courbes T = f (V, v) conduisant aux courbes v = F (V) pour
T=To.FIG. 4 schematically represents a regulation of said process and represents on the one hand a strip material (1) to be treated, moving at speed V between an unwinder (6) and a rewinder (7) under a treatment laser (2) comprising a means of displacement (21) and / or of focusing of the beam (20) in the directions X and / or Y, and / or Z, and on the other hand a means of regulation (22), typically a computer having in memory the absorption curve A = (p (v), and the curves T = f (V, v) leading to the curves v = F (V) for
T = To.
Ledit moyen de régulation comprend des liaisons (220,221) avec le laser et avec l'enrouleur (7) pour assurer typiquement la régulation entre la vitesse instantanée Vi de la bande (1) et la fréquence instantanée vi du faisceau laser (20).Said regulating means comprises links (220, 221) with the laser and with the reel (7) to typically ensure regulation between the instantaneous speed Vi of the strip (1) and the instantaneous frequency vi of the laser beam (20).
La figure 5 est une vue en perspective schématique illustrant la formation d'un tube cylindrique (3) en repliant, à l'aide de moyens, notamment des moyens de traction (8), non représentés, les bords (11) d'un matériau en bande (1) comprenant des couches externes MI et M2, comme représenté à la figure 5a, pouvant tre soudées en absorbant l'énergie du laser (2) pour former une jonction (30) avec soudure (12), comme représenté aux figures 5b et 5c, la figure 5b correspondant à une jonction par recouvrement et soudure (12) des couches Ml et M2, et la figure 5c à une jonction bord à bord et soudure (12) des couches Ml sur Ml d'un côté et M2 sur M2 de l'autre côté.Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the formation of a cylindrical tube (3) by folding, using means, in particular traction means (8), not shown, the edges (11) of a strip material (1) comprising external layers MI and M2, as shown in FIG. 5a, which can be welded by absorbing the energy of the laser (2) to form a junction (30) with solder (12), as shown in FIGS. 5b and 5c, FIG. 5b corresponding to a junction by covering and welding (12) of the layers M1 and M2, and FIG. 5c to an edge-to-edge junction and welding (12) of the layers Ml to Ml on one side and M2 on M2 on the other side.
La figure 6 est une vue en perspective schématique illustrant la formation de sachets (5) à partir d'un matériau (1) en bande, en repliant la bande par rapport à la ligne médiane longitudinale (16) à ('aide de moyens non représentés, et en formant, à l'aide du laser (2) dont le faisceau (20) peut tre mû et/ou distribué à l'aide dudit moyen de déplacement et/ou de focalisation (21), selon les directions longitudinale X-X', transversale Y-Y'et verticale Z-Z', des soudures transversales (14) régulièrement espacées et perpendiculaires à une ligne de pliage (15). Après découpage (non représenté) entre deux soudures transversales (14,14') selon les lignes (51), les sachets (5) sont obtenus, le côte ouvert (50) étant à la partie supérieure du sachet, prts à tre remplis. Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the formation of sachets (5) from a material (1) in a strip, folding the strip relative to the longitudinal center line (16) with ('means not shown, and forming, using the laser (2) whose beam (20) can be moved and / or distributed using said displacement and / or focusing means (21), in the longitudinal directions X -X ', transverse Y-Y'and vertical Z-Z', regularly welded transverse welds (14) perpendicular to a fold line (15). After cutting (not shown) between two transverse welds (14,14 ' ) along the lines (51), the sachets (5) are obtained, the open rib (50) being at the upper part of the sachet, ready to be filled.
La figure 7 est une vue en perspective schématique illustrant la formation de sachets (5) à partir de deux matériaux en bande (1), en soudant, à l'aide du laser (2) qui peut tre mû et/ou distribué à l'aide desdits moyens de déplacement et/ou de focalisation (21) selon les directions longitudinale X-X'et transversale Y-Y', les deux films pour former, pour chaque sachet, une soudure longitudinale (13) et deux soudures transversales (14). Les sacs (5) présentent une ouverture (50) dans le sens longitudinal.FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the formation of sachets (5) from two strip materials (1), by welding, using the laser (2) which can be moved and / or distributed to the using said displacement and / or focusing means (21) in the longitudinal directions X-X 'and transverse Y-Y', the two films to form, for each bag, a longitudinal weld (13) and two transverse welds ( 14). The bags (5) have an opening (50) in the longitudinal direction.
La figure 8 illustre la cinématique du faisceau laser dans le cas de la figure 7 et dans le cas où lesdites bandes (1) avancent de manière continue à vitesse V constante. Dans ce cas, le faisceau, initialement au point A est déplacé en diagonale jusqu'au point B dans le plan X-Y, de manière à former une soudure transversale (14) qui soit perpendiculaire à la direction d'avancement des bandes. Une fois en B, le faisceau reste immobile, le temps que la soudure longitudinale (13) soit formée et que le point C soit atteint. Puis, le faisceau est déplacé en diagonale jusqu'au point C, avec un retour très rapide au point A pour poursuite du cycle de soudure suivant. Le faisceau a donc suivi un parcours (23) prédéterminé.FIG. 8 illustrates the kinematics of the laser beam in the case of FIG. 7 and in the case where said bands (1) advance continuously at constant speed V. In this case, the beam, initially at point A is moved diagonally to point B in the X-Y plane, so as to form a transverse weld (14) which is perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the bands. Once at B, the beam remains stationary, as long as the longitudinal weld (13) is formed and point C is reached. Then, the beam is moved diagonally to point C, with a very rapid return to point A to continue the next welding cycle. The beam therefore followed a predetermined path (23).
L'autre option serait de faire avancer la ou les bandes (1) pas à pas, de l'immobiliser durant la soudure et de déplacer le faisceau laser alors que la bande est immobilisée.The other option would be to advance the strip (s) (1) step by step, to immobilize it during the welding and to move the laser beam while the strip is immobilized.
La figure 9 illustre une variante de la figure 7, dans laquelle les sacs sont orientés d'une manière différente puisque chaque sac comprend deux soudures longitudinales (13) et une seule soudure transversale (14). Les sacs (4) formés présentent des ouvertures (40) dans le sens transversal.FIG. 9 illustrates a variant of FIG. 7, in which the bags are oriented in a different way since each bag comprises two longitudinal welds (13) and a single transverse weld (14). The bags (4) formed have openings (40) in the transverse direction.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION
La figure 1 schématise le principe généra) de l'invention à partir des courbes d'absorption des divers matériaux Mi à traiter, un laser à fréquence ajustable est choisi pour son domaine de fréquence (102), domaine qui comprend un certain nombre d'intervalles de fréquence (106) correspondants à des pics d'absorption (101) appartenant à chacune des courbes d'absorption Ai de chaque matériau Mi. Ainsi, un mme laser peut potentiellement convenir pour un grand nombre de matériaux plastiques, et tre ajusté finement pour chacun d'eux à une fréquence de travail vu ;. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Figure 1 shows schematically the general principle) of the invention from the absorption curves of the various materials Mi to be treated, a frequency-adjustable laser is chosen for its frequency domain (102), which includes a certain number of frequency intervals (106) corresponding to absorption peaks (101) belonging to each of the absorption curves Ai of each material Mi. Thus, the same laser can potentially be suitable for a large number of plastic materials, and be finely adjusted for each of them at a working frequency seen;
En vue de réaliser le traitement selon l'invention, ledit laser peut tre un laser à solide utilisant une diode pompée.In order to carry out the treatment according to the invention, said laser can be a solid-state laser using a pumped diode.
Ce type de laser peut délivrer une longueur d'onde ajustable, typiquement à l'aide d'un oscillateur optique paramétrique.This type of laser can deliver an adjustable wavelength, typically using a parametric optical oscillator.
Ledit oscillateur optique paramétrique peut tre au niobate de lithium et présenter une fréquence ajustable entre I et 5 im, c'est à dire entre 10000 et 2000 cm-', domaine qui correspond notamment à l'infra-rouge et dans lequel la plupart des matières plastiques présentent des pics d'absorption.Said parametric optical oscillator can be made of lithium niobate and have an adjustable frequency between I and 5 im, that is to say between 10,000 and 2,000 cm- ', a field which corresponds in particular to infrared and in which most of the plastics have absorption peaks.
De préférence, on choisit comme domaine de fréquence (102) la plage 2400-3200 cm~' qui correspond notamment à un certain mode de vibration des liaisons C-H, de manière à ce que, la plupart des matières plastiques constituant lesdites couches, notamment ladite couche externe, présentant des pics d'absorptions entre 2400 et 3200 crri', un mme laser, typiquement au niobate de lithium, puisse tre utilisé pour la plupart des matières plastiques courantes.Preferably, the range 2400-3200 cm ~ 'is chosen as the frequency range (102) which corresponds in particular to a certain mode of vibration of the CH bonds, so that most of the plastics constituting said layers, in particular said outer layer, having absorption peaks between 2400 and 3200 colors, the same laser, typically with lithium niobate, can be used for most common plastics.
II est avantageux de choisir un laser dont la fréquence est ajustable avec un pas inférieur à 0,1 m, et typiquement avec un pas de 10 nm. It is advantageous to choose a laser whose frequency is adjustable with a pitch of less than 0.1 m, and typically with a pitch of 10 nm.
Selon l'invention, par ajustement de ladite fréquence, on choisit une plage de fréquence initiale, dite de travail (105), allant de v à V2 comme illustré sur la figure 2, et correspondant à une zone de forte variation, typiquement un flanc, d'une portion (1010) d'un pic d'absorption (101) de ladite courbe d'absorption Ai, et on fait varier pas à pas, et de préférence avec un pas (104) inférieur à 0,01 m, dans un sens ou dans l'autre de ladite zone, la fréquence dudit laser, de manière à pouvoir ajuster d'une manière sensiblement proportionnelle la quantité d'énergie absorbée, et ainsi la température de ladite couche à traiter. La figure 2, qui illustre ce concept, montre bien qu'à la portion de courbe d'absorption (1010) correspond une portion de courbe de température (1011) et qu'ainsi, à un réglage fin de la fréquence v correspond un réglage fin de la température du matériau absorbant l'énergie et donc une maîtrise opératoire dudit traitement.According to the invention, by adjusting said frequency, an initial frequency range, called the working range (105), is chosen going from v to V2 as illustrated in FIG. 2, and corresponding to an area of strong variation, typically a flank , of a portion (1010) of an absorption peak (101) of said absorption curve Ai, and it is varied step by step, and preferably with a step (104) less than 0.01 m, in one direction or the other of said zone, the frequency of said laser, so as to be able to adjust in a substantially proportional manner the quantity of energy absorbed, and thus the temperature of said layer to be treated. FIG. 2, which illustrates this concept, clearly shows that the portion of the absorption curve (1010) corresponds to a portion of the temperature curve (1011) and that thus, to a fine adjustment of the frequency v corresponds an adjustment end of the temperature of the energy absorbing material and therefore operational control of said treatment.
Selon une première modalité pratique dudit traitement, ledit matériau peut tre un matériau sous forme de bande de grande longueur que l'on fait défiler à une vitesse déterminée, le faisceau laser étant fixe ou mobile, de manière à réaliser ledit traitement dudit matériau sur une faible largeur, inférieure à 5 mm et typiquement égale à 2 mm (voire bord à bord), et on asservit la variation pas à pas de la fréquence dudit laser à la variation de vitesse relative Vr dudit matériau par rapport au faisceau laser, de manière à ce que la quantité d'énergie absorbée par lesdites couches externes, et donc la température desdites couches du matériau à traiter, soit sensiblement constante quelle que soit ladite vitesse de défilement de ladite bande.According to a first practical modality of said treatment, said material can be a material in the form of a very long strip which is made to pass at a determined speed, the laser beam being fixed or mobile, so as to carry out said treatment of said material on a small width, less than 5 mm and typically equal to 2 mm (even edge to edge), and the step-by-step variation of the frequency of said laser is controlled by the relative speed variation Vr of said material with respect to the laser beam, so that the amount of energy absorbed by said external layers, and therefore the temperature of said layers of the material to be treated, is substantially constant regardless of said running speed of said strip.
Ce concept est illustré à la figure 3 qui, compte tenu notamment des courbes (1010) et (1011) de la figure 2, donne la relation entre la vitesse relative Vr entre faisceau et matériau à traiter pour maintenir un apport constant d'énergie par unité de temps, et donc une mme température des couches absorbantes. La courbe (1012) de la figure 3 est donc une isotherme calculée pour une température donnée T=To. La figure 4 représente de manière schématique une solution possible de la régulation globale permettant de piloter la ligne de traitement pour avoir une température de traitement constante en dépit de variations de la vitesse relative Vr, qui peuvent tre dues à des variations de la vitesse V de la bande à traiter
Selon une première application illustrée à la figure 5, ladite couche est une couche externe (10) en matière plastique, chaque face de ladite bande (1) comprenant ladite couche (Ml sur une face-M2 sur l'autre face, comme représenté à la figure 5a), et, de préférence après avoir rapproché les bords parallèles (11) de ladite bande, on applique ledit traitement sur au moins un des deux bords (11) de ladite bande pour souder, de préférence bord à bord, les deux côtés parallèles de ladite bande, de manière à former un tube cylindrique (3) de grande longueur grâce à la jonction longitudinale (30) résultant d'une soudure (11) typiquement soit par recouvrement comme illustré à la figure 5b, soit bord à bord comme illustré à la figure 5c. This concept is illustrated in FIG. 3 which, taking into account in particular the curves (1010) and (1011) of FIG. 2, gives the relationship between the relative speed Vr between beam and material to be treated to maintain a constant supply of energy by unit of time, and therefore the same temperature of the absorbent layers. The curve (1012) of FIG. 3 is therefore an isotherm calculated for a given temperature T = To. FIG. 4 schematically represents a possible solution of the overall regulation making it possible to control the treatment line so as to have a constant treatment temperature despite variations in the relative speed Vr, which may be due to variations in the speed V of the strip to be treated
According to a first application illustrated in FIG. 5, said layer is an external layer (10) of plastic material, each face of said strip (1) comprising said layer (Ml on one face-M2 on the other face, as shown in FIG. 5a), and, preferably after having brought the parallel edges (11) of said strip together, said treatment is applied to at least one of the two edges (11) of said strip in order to weld, preferably edge to edge, the two parallel sides of said strip, so as to form a cylindrical tube (3) of great length thanks to the longitudinal junction (30) resulting from a weld (11) typically either by overlap as illustrated in FIG. 5b, or edge to edge as shown in Figure 5c.
Selon une seconde modalité pratique de l'invention, ledit faisceau laser peut tre déplacé, au moins sur les portions de ligne droite du parcours (23), à une vitesse relative prédéterminée, ledit matériau étant typiquement fixe lors dudit traitement, de manière à réaliser ledit traitement dudit matériau, et on peut asservir ladite vitesse relative et la variation pas à pas de la fréquence dudit laser de manière à ce que la quantité d'énergie absorbée, et donc la température de ladite couche, soit sensiblement constante quelle que soit ladite vitesse relative de déplacement dudit faisceau laser par rapport audit matériau.According to a second practical modality of the invention, said laser beam can be moved, at least over the straight line portions of the path (23), at a predetermined relative speed, said material being typically fixed during said treatment, so as to produce said treatment of said material, and it is possible to control said relative speed and the step-by-step variation of the frequency of said laser so that the quantity of energy absorbed, and therefore the temperature of said layer, is substantially constant whatever said relative speed of movement of said laser beam relative to said material.
Dans ce cas, ladite bande avance pas à pas, ledit traitement étant réalisé, au moins en partie, lors de la phase d'arrt de la bande. Dans certains cas, cette modalité peut tre intéressante, car, sans trop pénaliser la vitesse de traitement, elle peut éviter d'avoir recours à des moyens cinématiques coûteux pour assurer le déplacement relatif du faisceau laser selon un parcours souhaité.In this case, said strip advances step by step, said processing being carried out, at least in part, during the stop phase of the strip. In certain cases, this method can be advantageous because, without penalizing the processing speed too much, it can avoid having to resort to costly kinematic means to ensure the relative displacement of the laser beam according to a desired path.
C'est un grand avantage de pouvoir asservir la fréquence à la vitesse relative du faisceau, car, dès que le parcours (23) du faisceau n'est pas linéaire et présente des changements de direction, il y a localement des phases de ralentissement et d'accélération du déplacement du faisceau laser (20) qui ne peuvent que conduire à des variations locales de température.It is a great advantage to be able to slave the frequency to the relative speed of the beam, because, as soon as the path (23) of the beam is not linear and presents changes of direction, there are locally phases of deceleration and accelerating the movement of the laser beam (20) which can only lead to local temperature variations.
Selon une autre application du traitement selon l'invention illustrée à la figure 6, ladite couche peut tre une couche externe en matière plastique sur une face de ladite bande (1), ladite bande peut tre pliée dans le sens longitudinal de manière à mettre en regard les deux demi-portions de bandes longitudinales, et ledit traitement peut tre appliqué transversalement sur la largeur de ladite demi-portion, de manière à former des soudures transversales (14,14'), régulièrement espacées dans le sens longitudinal, sur une longueur égale à la demi-largeur de ladite bande (1), conduisant, après découpe appropriée, à la formation de sachets (5) ouverts sur un côté (50).According to another application of the treatment according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 6, said layer can be an external plastic layer on one face of said strip (1), said strip can be folded in the longitudinal direction so as to bring with regard to the two half-portions of longitudinal strips, and the said treatment can be applied transversely over the width of the said half-portion, so as to form transverse welds (14, 14 ′), regularly spaced in the longitudinal direction, over a length equal to the half-width of said strip (1), leading, after appropriate cutting, to the formation of sachets (5) open on one side (50).
Sur les figures, et notamment sur la figure 6, la position du laser (2) n'est indiquée que de manière schématique et symbolique. En pratique, il peut tre avantageux que le faisceau laser arrive sous une incidence différente de celle illustrée sur les figures et utilise des dispositifs complémentaires connus en eux-mmes pour permettre une localisation précise de l'apport d'énergie par ledit faisceau sur ladite couche à traiter (10). Ne figurent pas sur la figure 6 les moyens, connus par ailleurs, qui de replier la bande (I) et d'appliquer chaque moitié de bande pour former lesdites soudures transversales.In the figures, and in particular in FIG. 6, the position of the laser (2) is only indicated schematically and symbolically. In practice, it may be advantageous for the laser beam to arrive at an incidence different from that illustrated in the figures and to use complementary devices known in themselves to allow precise localization of the supply of energy by said beam on said layer. to be treated (10). Figure 6 does not show the means, known elsewhere, which of folding the strip (I) and applying each half of the strip to form said transverse welds.
Selon une autre variante illustrée aux figures 7 et 9, ladite couche peut tre une couche externe en matière plastique, dans lequel ledit traitement est appliqué en"U"et une seconde bande, identique ou non à ladite bande, est appliquée sur ladite bande, de manière à former des soudures en"U"entre ladite bande et ladite seconde bande, conduisant, après découpe appropriée, à la formation de sachets (4,5) ouverts sur un côté.According to another variant illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 9, said layer may be an external plastic layer, in which said treatment is applied in a "U" shape and a second strip, identical or not to said strip, is applied to said strip, so as to form "U" welds between said strip and said second strip, leading, after appropriate cutting, to the formation of sachets (4,5) open on one side.
La soudure est dite en"U"pour désigner la forme générique d'un sachet (4,5), les sachets étant habituellement de forme carré ou rectangulaire, mais il va de soi qu'il n'y a pas de limitation du traitement selon l'invention à une forme particulière de sachet.The weld is said to be "U" to designate the generic shape of a sachet (4,5), the sachets usually being of square or rectangular shape, but it goes without saying that there is no limitation of the treatment. according to the invention in a particular form of sachet.
Les figures 7 et 9 se distinguent par l'orientation des sachets par rapport au sens de défilement des bandes (1), l'ouverture (40) étant transversale à la figure 9, l'ouverture (50) étant longitudinale à la figure 7.Figures 7 and 9 are distinguished by the orientation of the bags relative to the direction of travel of the strips (1), the opening (40) being transverse to Figure 9, the opening (50) being longitudinal in Figure 7 .
In est bien sûr possible d'envisager d'obtenir non pas un mais plusieurs sacs sur une mme largeur de bande, et éventuellement de mettre en oeuvre pour cela plusieurs faisceauxlaser simultanément.It is of course possible to envisage obtaining not one but several bags over the same bandwidth, and possibly implementing for this purpose several laser beams simultaneously.
Le traitement selon l'invention ne se limite pas au scellage de deux couches de matière plastique. Il vise aussi à découper, inciser, graver, marquer, de manière continue ou discontinue, sur tout ou partie de son épaisseur, ledit matériau, toutes opérations pour lesquelles il est souhaitable de maîtriser l'apport d'énergie et donc pour lesquelles les moyens de la présente invention peuvent s'appliquer avantageusement.The treatment according to the invention is not limited to the sealing of two layers of plastic material. It also aims to cut, incise, engrave, mark, continuously or discontinuously, over all or part of its thickness, said material, all operations for which it is desirable to control the supply of energy and therefore for which the means of the present invention can be applied advantageously.
D'une manière générale, il vise à modifier la surface d'un matériau pour former une trace discrète selon un parcours donné. Mais il peut aussi, par balayage du faisceau sur toute une surface, modifier sensiblement la totalité de la surface en ce qui concerne sa texture, sa rugosité ou son énergie de surface. In general, it aims to modify the surface of a material to form a discrete trace along a given path. However, it can also, by scanning the beam over an entire surface, substantially modify the entire surface as regards its texture, roughness or surface energy.
Pour mettre en oeuvre) le traitement selon l'invention, on peut utiliser une fibre optique véhiculant le faisceau laser, ou tout dispositif de détection et/ou séparation du faisceau laser, pour effectuer ledit apport d'énergie à l'endroit souhaité de ladite couche.To implement) the treatment according to the invention, it is possible to use an optical fiber carrying the laser beam, or any device for detecting and / or separating the laser beam, to effect said supply of energy at the desired location of said layer.
EXENTPLES DE REALISATION
Les figures constituent les exemples de réalisation.EXAMPLES OF REALIZATION
The figures constitute the exemplary embodiments.
Selon un premier exemple, illustré à la figure 5, on a fabriqué un tube cylindrique de grande longueur (3) à partir d'une bande (1) de matériau multicouches ayant comme structure PE,/Adh/EVOH/Adh/PE2, où PEI désigne une couche de polyéthylène de 150 um et PE2 désigne une couche de PE de 100 Hm, où Adh désigne une couche d'adhésif de 10 pm et EVOH une couche barrière, en EVOH, de 15um. According to a first example, illustrated in FIG. 5, a very long cylindrical tube (3) was made from a strip (1) of multilayer material having the structure PE, / Adh / EVOH / Adh / PE2, where PEI denotes a layer of polyethylene of 150 μm and PE2 denotes a layer of PE of 100 Hm, where Adh denotes a layer of adhesive of 10 μm and EVOH a barrier layer, in EVOH, of 15 μm.
Compte tenu du diagramme d'absorption du PE, couche (10) absorbant l'énergie du laser, on a choisi un laser de type solide à diode pompée avec oscillateur paramétrique optique au niobate de lithium, et un domaine de fréquence (102) avec va régal à 2,8 um et
Vb égal à 4 tm. On a choisi une fréquence de travail v,. égale à 3,3 m, fréquence qui appartient au pic d'absorption (101) du PE utilisé, pic ayant un intervalle de fréquence (106) allant de 3, 2 um à 3, 7 um. Taking into account the absorption diagram of the PE, layer (10) absorbing the laser energy, we chose a laser of solid type with pumped diode with optical parametric oscillator with lithium niobate, and a frequency domain (102) with going to feast at 2.8 um and
Vb equal to 4 tm. We have chosen a working frequency v ,. equal to 3.3 m, frequency which belongs to the absorption peak (101) of the PE used, peak having a frequency interval (106) ranging from 3.2 μm to 3.7 μm.
Afin de réaliser la régulation du procédé, comme illustré aux figures 2 et 4, on a choisi un pas (104) de 10 nm et une plage de travail (105) allant de vi = 3, 1 um à Vs-3, 4 pm. In order to achieve the regulation of the process, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4, a pitch (104) of 10 nm and a working range (105) ranging from vi = 3.1 μm to Vs-3.4 μm have been chosen. .
On a réalisé les deux types de soudures illustrées aux figures 5b et 5c, avec M1=M2= couche de PE.The two types of welds illustrated in FIGS. 5b and 5c were produced, with M1 = M2 = layer of PE.
La vitesse V de défilement de la bande (1) a été fixée à une valeur nominale de 40 m/min.The speed of travel of the strip (1) was fixed at a nominal value of 40 m / min.
On a fait varier la vitesse de +/-20% autour de la valeur nominale et on a examiné la qualité de la soudure (12) de la jonction (30) soit avec la régulation selon l'invention, soit sans régulation en effectuant des tests de traction et de délaminage permettant d'évaluer la qualité de la soudure (12). On a ainsi pu observer que le tube obtenu selon l'invention présentait une soudure de qualité constante quelle que soit la vitesse V, alors que le tube obtenu selon l'état de la technique, c'est à dire sans régulation selon l'invention, présentait une irrégularité de la qualité de la soudure pouvant conduire à de graves problèmes de qualité des tubes, typiquement des tubes dentifrice obtenus après avoir sectionné ledit tube cylindrique (3) de grande longueur en tronçons et avoir surmoulé une tte.The speed was varied by +/- 20% around the nominal value and the quality of the weld (12) of the junction (30) was examined either with the regulation according to the invention, or without regulation by performing tensile and delamination tests to assess the quality of the weld (12). It was thus observed that the tube obtained according to the invention had a weld of constant quality whatever the speed V, while the tube obtained according to the state of the art, that is to say without regulation according to the invention , had an irregularity in the quality of the weld, which could lead to serious problems with the quality of the tubes, typically toothpaste tubes obtained after having cut said cylindrical tube (3) of great length into sections and having molded a head.
Selon un second exemple illustré à la figure 6, on a fabriqué des sachets à partir d'un film de PE de 60 m d'épaisseur formant une bande (1) de 30 cm de large.According to a second example illustrated in Figure 6, bags were made from a PE film 60 m thick forming a strip (1) 30 cm wide.
Le laser utilisé est le mme que celui de l'exemple précédent. II en est de mme des conditions expérimentâtes, et typiquement de la fréquence de travail v"la la couche (10) absorbant l'énergie étant également du PE.The laser used is the same as that of the previous example. The same is true of the experimental conditions, and typically of the working frequency v "the energy absorbing layer (10) also being PE.
Dans cet exemple, on a fait défiler la bande (1) pas à pas, de manière à avoir une cinématique simplifiée pour le faisceau laser (20). In this example, the strip (1) has been scrolled step by step, so as to have a simplified kinematics for the laser beam (20).
A chaque pas, la bande étant à l'arrt, le faisceau laser (20) a été focalisé et déplacé selon une trajectoire en forme de"V", les deux demi-portions du film (10) n'étant que partiellement repliées au moment où intervient ledit apport d'énergie par faisceau laser.At each step, the strip being stopped, the laser beam (20) was focused and moved along a "V" shaped path, the two half-portions of the film (10) being only partially folded back time when said energy supply by laser beam occurs.
Le mouvement du point focal du faisceau (20), piloté par ledit moyen de déplacement (21), comprend une composante transversale selon la direction Y-Y', et une composante verticale selon la direction Z-Z', t'ensemble constituant la trajectoire en"V"
On a choisi une vitesse transversale constante selon la direction Y-Y'et, compte tenu de la trajectoire réelle en"V"introduite dans l'ordinateur (22) de régulation, la composante verticale selon l'axe Z-Z'du mouvement du point focal, ou hauteur du point focal, est calculée et imposée audit point focal grâce à un actionneur correspondant, de mme qu'est calculée la vitesse relative Vr du point focal. The movement of the focal point of the beam (20), controlled by said displacement means (21), comprises a transverse component in the direction Y-Y ', and a vertical component in the direction Z-Z', the whole constituting the "V" trajectory
We chose a constant transverse speed in the direction Y-Y 'and, taking into account the real "V" trajectory introduced into the regulation computer (22), the vertical component along the axis Z-Z' of the movement of the focal point, or height of the focal point, is calculated and imposed on said focal point using a corresponding actuator, as is the relative speed Vr of the focal point.
AVANTAGES DE L'INVENTION
L'invention apporte une solution pertinente et flexible au problème difficile de la régulation de l'apport d'énergie par faisceau laser dans tous les traitements de matériaux par laser où la température du matériau joue un rôle critique, ce qui est le cas de la plupart des traitements faisant intervenir un apport d'énergie par faisceau laser.ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a relevant and flexible solution to the difficult problem of regulating the energy supply by laser beam in all laser material processing where the temperature of the material plays a critical role, which is the case of most treatments involving an energy supply by laser beam.
En outre, l'invention apporte une solution générale à ce problème, nullement limitée aux exemples selon l'invention, chaque fois qu'une matière organique est en jeu et surtout chaque fois qu'intervient une vitesse relative du point focal par rapport au support ou matériau à traiter.In addition, the invention provides a general solution to this problem, in no way limited to the examples according to the invention, each time that an organic material is involved and especially each time a relative speed of the focal point with respect to the support occurs. or material to be treated.
L'invention permet donc de traiter avec un mme laser, typiquement de souder, différents matériaux plastiques, en accordant la fréquence du laser, sans avoir à modifier la matière plastique, typiquement par ajout d'additifs, pour la rendre absorbante à des longueurs d'ondes classiques prédéterminées, comme cela est connu. Ainsi, c'est la fréquence du laser selon l'invention qui s'adapte à la fréquence d'absorption du matériau et non l'inverse. The invention therefore makes it possible to treat with the same laser, typically to weld, different plastic materials, by tuning the frequency of the laser, without having to modify the plastic, typically by adding additives, to make it absorbent at lengths d 'predetermined conventional waves, as is known. Thus, it is the frequency of the laser according to the invention which adapts to the absorption frequency of the material and not the reverse.
LISTE DES REFERENCES
MATERIAU EN BANDE.. 1
COUCHE ABSORBANT L'ENERGIE... 10
DIAGRAMME D'ABSORPTION.. 100
PIC D'ABSORPTION.. 101
PORTION DE PIC... 1010
COURBE DE TEMPERATURE. 1011
COURBE ISOTHERME... 1012
DOMAINE DE FREQUENCE... 102
FREQUENCE DE TRAVAIL. 103
PAS.. 104
PLAGE DE TRAVAIL... 105
INTERVALLE DE FREQUENCE D'UN PIC.. 106
BORD DE LA BANDE.. 1 I
SOUDURE LONGITUDINALE DE TUBE.. 12
SOUDURE LONGITUDINALE DE SACHET.. 13
SOUDURE TRANSVERSALE DE SACHET. 14
LIGNE DE PLIAGE. 15
LIGNE MEDIANE DE LA BANDE.. 16
LASER.. 2
FAISCEAU LASER.. 20
MOYEN DE DEPLACEMENT X, Y, Z. 21
MOYEN DE REGULATION sur VITESSE 22
PARCOURS DU FAISCEAU LASER. 23
LAISON ENTRE LASER & REGUALTION. 220 LIST OF REFERENCES
STRIP MATERIAL .. 1
ENERGY ABSORBING LAYER ... 10
ABSORPTION DIAGRAM .. 100
ABSORPTION PIC .. 101
PIC PORTION ... 1010
TEMPERATURE CURVE. 1011
INSULATED CURVE ... 1012
FREQUENCY DOMAIN ... 102
WORKING FREQUENCY. 103
NOT .. 104
WORKING RANGE ... 105
FREQUENCY INTERVAL OF A PIC. 106
EDGE OF THE STRIP .. 1 I
LONGITUDINAL TUBE WELDING. 12
LONGITUDINAL BAG WELDING .. 13
CROSS BAG WELDING. 14
FOLDING LINE. 15
MEDIAN STRIP LINE .. 16
LASER .. 2
LASER BEAM .. 20
MEANS OF MOVEMENT X, Y, Z. 21
SPEED 22 REGULATION MEANS
LASER BEAM ROUTE. 23
LAISON BETWEEN LASER & REGUALTION. 220
SACHET LONGITUDINAL. 4
COTE OUVERT. 40
SACHET TRANSVERSAL.. 5
COTE OUVERT. 50
LIGNES DE DECOUPAGE.. 51
DEROULEUR BOBINE.. 6
ENROULEUR BOBINE... 7
MOYEN DE TRACTION.. 8 LONGITUDINAL BAG. 4
OPEN SIDE. 40
TRANSVERSAL BAG .. 5
OPEN SIDE. 50
CUTTING LINES .. 51
REEL WINDER .. 6
COIL REEL ... 7
MEANS OF TRACTION .. 8
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9814300A FR2785564B1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CUTTING OR WELDING |
PCT/FR1999/002731 WO2000027576A1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1999-11-08 | Laser treatment of materials, in particular cutting and welding |
AU10532/00A AU1053200A (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1999-11-08 | Laser treatment of materials, in particular cutting and welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9814300A FR2785564B1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CUTTING OR WELDING |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2785564A1 true FR2785564A1 (en) | 2000-05-12 |
FR2785564B1 FR2785564B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR9814300A Expired - Fee Related FR2785564B1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | TREATMENT OF LASER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CUTTING OR WELDING |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU1053200A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2785564B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000027576A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2047969A3 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2010-09-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for welding at least two positions of a polymer material with laser radiation |
WO2020010129A1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-09 | Dukane Ias, Llc | Laser welding systems and methods |
US11548235B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-01-10 | Dukane Ias, Llc | Laser welding system and method using machined clamping tool |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2878185B1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2008-11-07 | Sidel Sas | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS COMPRISING A HEATING STEP BY MEANS OF A COHERENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BEAM |
FR2913210B1 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2009-05-29 | Sidel Participations | IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING OF PLASTIC MATERIALS BY INFRARED RADIATION |
FR2917005B1 (en) | 2007-06-11 | 2009-08-28 | Sidel Participations | HEATING FACILITY FOR PREFORMING BODIES FOR BLOWING CONTAINERS |
JP5896459B2 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2016-03-30 | 東レエンジニアリング株式会社 | Marking apparatus and method |
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EP0237192A2 (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-16 | Elopak A/S | A method and a device for welding together plastic or plastic covered surfaces |
WO1989010231A1 (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-11-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewand | Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam |
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1998
- 1998-11-10 FR FR9814300A patent/FR2785564B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-08 AU AU10532/00A patent/AU1053200A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-08 WO PCT/FR1999/002731 patent/WO2000027576A1/en active Application Filing
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EP0237192A2 (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-16 | Elopak A/S | A method and a device for welding together plastic or plastic covered surfaces |
WO1989010231A1 (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-11-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewand | Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam |
US5540677A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1996-07-30 | Rare Earth Medical, Inc. | Endoscopic systems for photoreactive suturing of biological materials |
US5569239A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1996-10-29 | Rare Earth Medical, Inc. | Photoreactive suturing of biological materials |
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POTENTE H ET AL: "Laser butt welding of semi-crystalline thermoplastics", PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1996 54TH ANNUAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE. PART 1 (OF 3);INDIANAPOLIS, IN, USA MAY 5-10 1996, vol. 1, 1996, Annu Tech Conf ANTEC Conf Proc;Annual Technical Conference - ANTEC, Conference Proceedings; Processing 1996 Soc of Plastics Engineers, Brookfield, CT, USA, pages 1255 - 1259, XP002108020 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2047969A3 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2010-09-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for welding at least two positions of a polymer material with laser radiation |
WO2020010129A1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-09 | Dukane Ias, Llc | Laser welding systems and methods |
US11541609B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-01-03 | Dukane Ias, Llc | System and method for simultaneous welding of plastic bags using a carrier film |
US11548235B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-01-10 | Dukane Ias, Llc | Laser welding system and method using machined clamping tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000027576A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
AU1053200A (en) | 2000-05-29 |
FR2785564B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 |
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