FR2731744A1 - CONTROL OF THE VALVES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents
CONTROL OF THE VALVES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2731744A1 FR2731744A1 FR9602956A FR9602956A FR2731744A1 FR 2731744 A1 FR2731744 A1 FR 2731744A1 FR 9602956 A FR9602956 A FR 9602956A FR 9602956 A FR9602956 A FR 9602956A FR 2731744 A1 FR2731744 A1 FR 2731744A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- eccentric
- rocker arm
- rocker
- cam
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
- F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Commande de soupapes d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant un culbuteur (5) agissant sur la soupape à translation (3), avec un autre culbuteur (8) associé et une came (10) associée ainsi qu'un autre excentrique réglable (9) monté sur un arbre à excentriques (9'), les culbuteurs (5, 8), la came (10) et l'excentrique (9) agissant les uns sur les autres pour obtenir des courses de soupapes différentes causées par la came pour des positions d'excentrique différentes, caractérisée en ce que le culbuteur (8) qui s'appuie sur l'excentrique (9) est guidé par l'arbre à excentriques (9').Valve drive of an internal combustion engine comprising a rocker arm (5) acting on the translation valve (3), with another associated rocker arm (8) and an associated cam (10) as well as another adjustable eccentric (9) ) mounted on an eccentric shaft (9 '), the rocker arms (5, 8), the cam (10) and the eccentric (9) acting on each other to obtain different valve strokes caused by the cam for different eccentric positions, characterized in that the rocker arm (8) which rests on the eccentric (9) is guided by the eccentric shaft (9 ').
Description
" Commande des soupapes d'un moteur à combustion interne "."Valve control of an internal combustion engine".
L'invention concerne une Commande de soupapes d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant un culbuteur The invention relates to a valve control of an internal combustion engine having a rocker arm
agissant sur la soupape à translation, avec un autre culbu- acting on the translational valve, with another
teur associé et une came associée ainsi qu'un autre excen- trique réglable, monté sur un arbre à excentriques, les culbuteurs, la came et l'excentrique agissant les uns sur les autres pour obtenir des courses de soupapes différentes the associated cam and another eccentric cam, mounted on an eccentric shaft, the rocker arms, cam and eccentric acting on each other for different valve races
causées par la came pour des positions d'excentrique diffé- caused by the cam for different eccentric positions
rentes.annuities.
On connaît une telle commande de soupapes selon Such a valve control is known according to
le document DE 43 26 331 AI.DE 43 26 331 AI.
La présente invention a pour but de simplifier The present invention aims to simplify
la construction d'une telle commande connue. the construction of such a known command.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une commande For this purpose, the invention relates to a command
du type défini ci-dessus, caractérisée en ce que le culbu- of the type defined above, characterized in that the culbu-
teur qui s'appuie sur l'excentrique est guidé par l'arbre à excentriques. which is based on the eccentric is guided by the eccentric shaft.
Suivant d'autres caractéristiques de l'inven- According to other features of the invention
tion: - le culbuteur guidé par l'arbre à excentriques entoure un segment d'arbre à excentrique par ses extrémités libres, - des deux côtés du segment entouré par le culbuteur, il y a des excentriques, contre lesquels s'appuie le culbuteur par ses becs prévus sur ses flancs, - le culbuteur s'appuyant sur l'excentrique est commandé - the rocker arm guided by the eccentric shaft surrounds an eccentric shaft segment by its free ends, - on both sides of the segment surrounded by the rocker, there are eccentrics, against which the rocker arm is supported by its beaks on its flanks - the rocker leaning on the eccentric is controlled
par la came et actionne ainsi le second culbuteur agis- cam and thus actuates the second rocker arm
sant sur la soupape, - le premier culbuteur commandé par la came porte sur ses flancs chaque fois un galet soumis à l'action d'une came respective, le second culbuteur est en forme de fourche et actionne on the valve, - the first rocker arm controlled by the cam carries on its sides each time a roller subjected to the action of a respective cam, the second rocker arm is fork-shaped and actuates
ainsi deux soupapes fonctionnant en parallèle d'un cylin- two valves operating in parallel with a cylinder
dre de moteur à combustion interne, - entre les deux bras en fourche du second culbuteur, il y a un galet soumis à l'action du premier culbuteur, - un élément à ressort en forme de ressort de torsion à of an internal combustion engine, - between the two forked arms of the second rocker arm, there is a roller subjected to the action of the first rocker arm, - a spring element in the form of a torsion spring with
branches soutient le positionnement du premier culbuteur. branches supports the positioning of the first rocker arm.
La présente invention sera décrite ci-après de manière plus détaillée à l'aide d'un exemple de réalisation représenté schématiquement dans les dessins annexés dans lesquels: - la figure 1 est une coupe transversale d'une The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a
culasse de moteur à combustion interne équipée de la com- cylinder head of an internal combustion engine equipped with
mande de soupapes selon l'invention, - la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de la commande de soupapes, - la figure 3 montre une autre vue à partir valve arrangement according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the valve control; FIG. 3 shows another view from
d'une autre perspective.from another perspective.
Selon les figures, une culasse 1 d'un moteur à combustion interne comporte en plus d'une soupape d'échappement 2, une soupape d'admission 3, à translation, actionnée par une commande de soupapes portant globalement According to the figures, a cylinder head 1 of an internal combustion engine comprises in addition to an exhaust valve 2, an inlet valve 3, in translation, actuated by a valve control carrying generally
la référence 4.reference 4.
De manière détaillée, l'extrémité libre de la soupape à translation 3 est soumise à l'action d'un second culbuteur 5 monté sur une coupelle à rotule 6 et portant un In detail, the free end of the translation valve 3 is subjected to the action of a second rocker arm 5 mounted on a ball cup 6 and carrying a
galet 7 agissant sur un premier culbuteur 8. roller 7 acting on a first rocker 8.
Le premier culbuteur 8 s'appuie par son extré- The first rocker 8 is supported by its
mité opposée au second culbuteur 5 sur un excentrique 9. opposite to the second rocker 5 on an eccentric 9.
Une came 10 agit également sur le premier culbuteur 8. Pour une position déterminée de l'excentrique 9, comme cela est A cam 10 also acts on the first rocker 8. For a given position of the eccentric 9, as is
habituel, la came 10 ouvre d'une certaine course, la sou- usual, the cam 10 opens a certain race, the sou-
pape coulissante 3. La came 10 tournant autour de son axe agit ainsi sur le premier culbuteur 8 de façon que son mou- sliding poppet 3. The cam 10 rotating about its axis thus acts on the first rocker 8 so that its movement
vement de débattement soit transmis par le galet 7 au se- movement is transmitted by roller 7 to the
cond culbuteur 5 et par celui-ci à la soupape 3. Lorsque l'excentrique 9 occupe une autre position, cela modifie également la position du premier culbuteur 8 si bien qu'à and when the eccentric 9 is in another position, this also changes the position of the first rocker 8 so that
un certain mouvement de rotation de la came 10, est asso- a certain rotational movement of the cam 10 is associated with
ciée une autre course de la soupape 3. another stroke of the valve 3.
Le moteur à combustion interne représenté, avec The internal combustion engine represented, with
sa culasse 1, est un moteur à combustion interne à cylin- its cylinder head 1, is an internal combustion engine with cylinders
dres en ligne, si bien que plusieurs cames 10 des diffé- online, so that several cams 10 of
rents cylindres en ligne du moteur sont montées sur un In-line engine cylinders are mounted on a
arbre à cames 10' commun. De la même manière, plusieurs ex- 10 'common camshaft. In the same way, several ex-
centriques 9 sont montés sur un arbre à excentriques 9', commun. Alors que le second culbuteur 5 est monté sur une coupelle à rotule 6, il est prévu un palier ou un guide approprié pour le premier culbuteur 8. Dans la construction décrite ci-dessus, le premier culbuteur 8 est guidé par 9 are mounted on an eccentric shaft 9 ', common. While the second rocker arm 5 is mounted on a ball cup 6, there is provided a bearing or a suitable guide for the first rocker 8. In the construction described above, the first rocker 8 is guided by
l'arbre à excentriques 9'. Cela apparaît le mieux aux figu- the eccentric shaft 9 '. This appears best in the
res 2 et 3. Il en résulte que l'extrémité libre de ce pre- 2 and 3. It follows that the free end of this first
mier culbuteur 8 entoure quasiment un segment de l'arbre à excentriques 9'. De manière avantageuse, comme le premier culbuteur 8 est guidé par l'arbre à excentriques 9', il ne faut aucun composant distinct pour assurer le guidage; The rocker arm 8 almost encloses a segment of the eccentric shaft 9 '. Advantageously, since the first rocker arm 8 is guided by the eccentric shaft 9 ', no separate component is needed to provide guidance;
bien plus, on peut utiliser l'arbre à excentriques 9' exis- moreover, it is possible to use the eccentric shaft 9 'which is
tant du fait de la multiplicité des excentriques 9. both because of the multiplicity of eccentrics 9.
Comme cela apparaît également aux figures 2 et As it also appears in FIGS.
3, de part et d'autre du segment d'arbre à excentriques en- 3, on either side of the eccentric shaft segment
touré par le culbuteur 8, il y a des excentriques 9, contre lesquels s'appuie le culbuteur 8 par des becs il prévus sur turned by the rocker 8, there are eccentric 9, against which the rocker 8 rests with beaks he provided on
les flancs latéraux du culbuteur. Pour une répartition ré- the side flanks of the rocker arm. For a repartition
gulière des efforts, cette disposition se traduit par un of the efforts, this provision is reflected in a
montage extrêmement stable et un guidage du premier culbu- extremely stable mounting and guiding of the first cul-
teur 8 par l'arbre à excentriques 9' avec ses excentriques 9. De manière comparable, on a deux cames 10 agissant sur le premier culbuteur 8 et qui sont évidemment, de même que les deux excentriques 9, de même configuration. Les deux 8 by the eccentric shaft 9 'with its eccentric 9. Similarly, there are two cams 10 acting on the first rocker 8 and which are obviously, as well as the two eccentric 9, of the same configuration. Both
cames 10 agissent ainsi par le galet 12 sur le premier cul- cams 10 and act by the roller 12 on the first cul-
buteur 8; en d'autres termes, le premier culbuteur 8 porte scorer 8; in other words, the first rocker 8 door
par ses deux flancs latéraux chaque fois un tel galet 12. by its two side flanks each time such a pebble 12.
En fonction du volume disponible, la commande Depending on the available volume, the order
de soupapes décrite ci-dessus convient tout particulière- Valves described above are particularly suitable
ment pour actionner deux soupapes à translation 3 agissant en parallèle sur un même cylindre de moteur à combustion interne. Il suffit alors que le second culbuteur 5 actionné par le premier culbuteur 8 soit réalisé avec une forme de fourche comme cela est représenté; il peut ainsi agir avec ses deux bras de fourche 5' sur une soupape à translation 3. De manière avantageuse, le galet 7 roule sur le premier to actuate two translational valves 3 acting in parallel on the same cylinder of internal combustion engine. It is then sufficient that the second rocker arm 5 actuated by the first rocker 8 is made with a fork shape as shown; it can thus act with its two fork arms 5 'on a translational valve 3. Advantageously, the roller 7 rolls on the first
culbuteur 8 entre les deux bras de fourche 5'. rocker 8 between the two fork arms 5 '.
On voit en outre dans toutes les figures, un élément de ressort 13 en forme de ressort de torsion à In all the figures, a spring element 13 in the form of a torsion spring
branches qui soutient le positionnement du premier culbu- branches that supports the positioning of the first cul-
teur 8. Cela signifie que cet élément de ressort 13 assure, d'une part, que le premier culbuteur 8 est lui-même pressé par ses galets 12 contre les cames 10 et, d'autre part, que son extrémité opposée au second culbuteur 5 est guidée par l'arbre à excentriques 9', ou est appuyée par son extrémité contre les deux excentriques 9. Toutefois, cela ainsi que d'autres détails et en particulier de nature constructive peuvent être réalisés différemment de l'exemple représenté 8. This means that this spring element 13 ensures, on the one hand, that the first rocker 8 is itself pressed by its rollers 12 against the cams 10 and, secondly, that its end opposite the second rocker arm 5 is guided by the eccentric shaft 9 ', or is supported by its end against the two eccentric 9. However, this as well as other details and in particular of constructive nature can be made differently from the example shown
sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995109604 DE19509604A1 (en) | 1995-03-16 | 1995-03-16 | Valve train of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2731744A1 true FR2731744A1 (en) | 1996-09-20 |
| FR2731744B1 FR2731744B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 |
Family
ID=7756883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9602956A Expired - Fee Related FR2731744B1 (en) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-03-08 | CONTROL OF THE VALVES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19509604A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2731744B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2298899B (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19629881A1 (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 1998-01-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Valve train of an internal combustion engine with rocker arms supported on an eccentric shaft |
| DE19708484B4 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 2006-07-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Device for changing the Ventilhubverlaufes a lift valve, in particular a gas exchange valve of internal combustion engines |
| DE10006015B4 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2009-09-17 | Schaeffler Kg | Variable valve drive for load control of a spark-ignited internal combustion engine |
| DE10052811A1 (en) | 2000-10-25 | 2002-05-08 | Ina Schaeffler Kg | Variable valve train for load control of a spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| DE10123186A1 (en) | 2001-05-12 | 2002-11-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Valve gear device for variable lift adjustment is for gas exchange valve of internal combustion engine and has valve vai intermediary of transmission component effectively connected to roller movable around rotary axis |
| DE10136612A1 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-02-06 | Herbert Naumann | Variable lift valve controls |
| DE10293551D2 (en) | 2001-08-06 | 2004-07-08 | Christian A Heier | Valve control of a reciprocating piston machine (VVSt) |
| DE10214802A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-16 | Thyssen Krupp Automotive Ag | Guide systems for variable valve controls |
| US6745734B2 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2004-06-08 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Variable valve actuating mechanism having torsional lash control spring |
| DE10228022B4 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2009-04-23 | Entec Consulting Gmbh | Valve lifting device for stroke adjustment of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE10235400A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with a variable stroke valve train |
| DE10239908A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-02-26 | Audi Ag | Variable valve gear for reciprocating piston internal combustion engines has cams each operating lift valve via roller packet both of which are commonly movable along adjustment ramp commonly constructed in common slide component |
| DE10239909A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-02-26 | Audi Ag | Variable valve gear especially for reciprocating piston internal combustion engine has adjustment ramp and pre-acceleration ramp forming guide sections of one-sided guide face of slide component for guiding of roller packet |
| DE10261304B4 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2009-01-22 | BÖSL-FLIERL, Gerlinde | Valve lift device for variable valve control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE10312961C5 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2009-01-29 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Device for the variable actuation of gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines |
| DE102004001343A1 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-09-01 | Entec Consulting Gmbh | Variable valve lift device for internal combustion engine, has rotatable eccentric shaft having eccentrics contours positioned within circle formed by external diameter of bearings of eccentric shaft |
| DE10342075A1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2005-06-16 | Rolf Jung | Fully variable globe valve control of an internal combustion engine |
| DE10354428A1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Management system for IC engine especially during cold starting has the opening time of the inlet valve reduced and with retarded timing |
| JP4225321B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2009-02-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable valve mechanism |
| JP4238203B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2009-03-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | engine |
| DE102005047040A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Variable valve controller for V-engine, has lower oscillating arms adjusted around central cam shaft by displacement of guide shafts using actuator that is driven around regulating shaft, where arms are movably coupled with inlet valve |
| JP4380695B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2009-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine with variable valve mechanism |
| KR100969074B1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-07-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Continuous variable valve lift device |
| DE102011003898B4 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2021-09-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever |
| DE102011082226A1 (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Double leg spring for a variable-stroke valve drive in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine |
| CN103925035B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-06-08 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of swing arm regulates frame |
| DE102016201118A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-07-27 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Anti-rotation compensation device on a camshaft drive with camshaft-parallel spring |
| DE102016220394B3 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-12-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever of a variable valve train |
| DE102016220401A1 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-09-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever of a variable valve train |
| DE102016220396A1 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever of a variable valve train |
| DE102016220397A1 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever of a variable valve train |
| DE102016223087A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-10-26 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Intermediate lever of a variable valve train |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2629554A1 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-01-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Charge regulator for mixture compression engine - has valve actuator lever moved by cam with adjustable rotation centre |
| US4438736A (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1984-03-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Variable valve timing arrangement with automatic valve clearance adjustment |
| DE3615449A1 (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-12 | Erich Schmid | Device for a cam-controlled reciprocating piston engine |
| DE4112833A1 (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-06-25 | Audi Ag | Variable valve control for IC engine gas exchange valve - has two parallel levers fitted between camshaft cam and valve sheet |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1157983B (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1987-02-18 | Fiat Auto Spa | KINEMATIC DEVICE FOR THE CONTROL OF A VALVE OF AN ENDOTHERMAL MOTOR |
| DE4326331A1 (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1995-02-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Valve gear of an internal combustion engine |
| DE4229411A1 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-03-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Rocker arms for pair of engine lift valves - form triangular shape with connecting bar, and has guide fixed to connecting bar |
| EP0638706A1 (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Valve actuating mechanism of an internal combustion engine |
-
1995
- 1995-03-16 DE DE1995109604 patent/DE19509604A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 FR FR9602956A patent/FR2731744B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-14 GB GB9605415A patent/GB2298899B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2629554A1 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-01-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Charge regulator for mixture compression engine - has valve actuator lever moved by cam with adjustable rotation centre |
| US4438736A (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1984-03-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Variable valve timing arrangement with automatic valve clearance adjustment |
| DE3615449A1 (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-12 | Erich Schmid | Device for a cam-controlled reciprocating piston engine |
| DE4112833A1 (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-06-25 | Audi Ag | Variable valve control for IC engine gas exchange valve - has two parallel levers fitted between camshaft cam and valve sheet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2731744B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 |
| GB2298899B (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| DE19509604A1 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
| GB2298899A (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| GB9605415D0 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20141128 |