FR2619706A1 - Surgically implantable device for forming a new ventricle - Google Patents

Surgically implantable device for forming a new ventricle Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2619706A1
FR2619706A1 FR8712187A FR8712187A FR2619706A1 FR 2619706 A1 FR2619706 A1 FR 2619706A1 FR 8712187 A FR8712187 A FR 8712187A FR 8712187 A FR8712187 A FR 8712187A FR 2619706 A1 FR2619706 A1 FR 2619706A1
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Prior art keywords
ventricle
implantable device
neo
muscle
surgically implantable
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French (fr)
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06Blood vessels
    • A61F2/062Apparatus for the production of blood vessels made from natural tissue or with layers of living cells
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of surgery. It relates to a surgically implantable device characterised in that it comprises a solid body 1, of soft consistency, having approximately the shape of a pear, surrounded by a net 4 conforming to the shape of the said body, the said body and net consisting of biocompatible materials. Application in cardiac surgery.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif chirurgicalement implantable pour la formation d'un néo-ventricule. The invention relates to a surgically implantable device for the formation of a neo-ventricle.

Les possibilités thérapeutiques pour le traitement des insuffisances cardiaques chroniques avec déchéance myocardique, d'origine ischémique, dysplasique, tumorale, congénitale ou parasitaire sont très limitées. L'importance du problème peut être appréciée par quelques données statistiques
A - L'incidence de mortalité annuelle pour les cardiopathies ischémiques varie en Europe de 200 à 400/ 100.000 habitants. Aux Etats-Unis la mortalité est de 700.000 habitants/an.
The therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of chronic cardiac insufficiencies with myocardial decay, of ischemic, dysplastic, tumor, congenital or parasitic origin are very limited. The importance of the problem can be appreciated by some statistical data
A - The annual mortality rate for ischemic heart disease varies in Europe from 200 to 400 / 100,000 inhabitants. In the United States, mortality is 700,000 inhabitants / year.

B - Aux Etats-Unis il y a plus de 66.000 malades par an qui ont besoin d'assistance circulatoire pour insuffisance cardiaque. B - In the United States there are more than 66,000 patients per year who need circulatory assistance for heart failure.

C - Les autopsies révèlent que dans 35% des cas, les ruptures pariétales du coeur sont la cause de décès chez des malades hospitalisés pour infarctus du myocarde. C - Autopsies reveal that in 35% of cases, parietal ruptures of the heart are the cause of death in patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction.

D - 15% à 20% des malades hospitalisés pour infarctus du myocarde ont comme complication des chocs cardiogéniques, dus à la perte fonctionnelle de 40% ou plus de la masse musculaire du ventricule gauche. La mortalité dans ce type de malades varie entre 65% et 90%. D - 15% to 20% of patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction have as complication cardiogenic shocks, due to the functional loss of 40% or more of the muscle mass of the left ventricle. Mortality in this type of patient varies between 65% and 90%.

E - Il y a 7 millions d'habitants porteurs de maladie de Chagas (trypanosomiase sud-américaine) dans le nord de l'Argentine et le sud du Brésil, parmi lesquels 28% sont atteints de myocardiopathies majeures. Ces lésions myocardiques consistent en dégénérescence et nécrobiose musculaire, ainsi qu'en fibrose interstitielle intense, pour lesquelles il n'existe actuellement aucune possibilité thérapeutique. E - There are 7 million inhabitants carrying Chagas disease (South American trypanosomiasis) in the north of Argentina and the south of Brazil, of which 28% are suffering from major cardiomyopathies. These myocardial lesions consist of muscle degeneration and necrobiosis, as well as intense interstitial fibrosis, for which there is currently no therapeutic possibility.

Récemment, on a développé une technique de chirurgie cardiaque reconstructrice dénommée "cardiomyoplastie" qui consiste à greffer des lambeaux pédiculés du muscle grana dorsal sur le coeur après avoir effectué une transformation du muscle sous l'effet d'impulsions électriques afin d'accroître sa résistance à la fatique, puis à stimuler élect quement le muscle greffé de façon qu'il supplée la partie du coeur défaillante. Pour plus de détails concernant cette technique, on pourra se reporter aux deux références suivants
- J.C. CHACHQUES, P.A. GRANDJEAN et A. CAR
PENTIER, "Biomechanical Cardiac assist : cardiomyoplasty and muscle-powered devices", édité par Ray Chu-Jeng
Chiu, Futura Publishing Company, Inc., Mount Kisco,
New York (1986), chapitre 5, pages 59 et suivantes.
Recently, a reconstructive cardiac surgery technique called "cardiomyoplasty" has been developed which consists in grafting pedunculated flaps of the dorsal grana muscle onto the heart after performing a transformation of the muscle under the effect of electrical pulses in order to increase its resistance. to the fatigue, then to electrically stimulate the grafted muscle so that it compensates for the failing part of the heart. For more details concerning this technique, one can refer to the following two references
- JC CHACHQUES, PA GRANDJEAN and A. CAR
PENTIER, "Biomechanical Cardiac assist: cardiomyoplasty and muscle-powered devices", edited by Ray Chu-Jeng
Chiu, Futura Publishing Company, Inc., Mount Kisco,
New York (1986), chapter 5, pages 59 et seq.

- J.C. CHACHQUES, "La cardiomyoplastie",
Coeur 2000 (1986), 4, pages 158-166.
- JC CHACHQUES, "Cardiomyoplasty",
Coeur 2000 (1986), 4, pages 158-166.

Il est apparu cependant qu'il n'est pas toujours possible de faire une cardiomyoplastie classique, c'est-à-dire de greffer directement le muscle sur le coeur
- soit à cause d'une grande hypertrophie ou dilatation cardiaque (le muscle utilisé n'arrivant pas à recouvrir le coeur),
- soit à cause de lésions valvulaires associées (principalement insuffisance mitrale qui peut être aggravée après la cardiomyoplastie),
- soit à cause de l'équilibre fonctionnel précaire du coeur ne permettant pas de manoeuvres chirurgicales.
However, it has become clear that it is not always possible to perform a standard cardiomyoplasty, i.e. to graft the muscle directly onto the heart.
- either because of a large enlargement or cardiac dilation (the muscle used cannot cover the heart),
- either because of associated valvular lesions (mainly mitral insufficiency which can be aggravated after cardiomyoplasty),
- either because of the precarious functional balance of the heart which does not allow surgical maneuvers.

Il serait donc intéressant de pouvoir former un système d'assistance ventriculaire mettant en jeu un néo-ventricule dont l'interface sang/néo-ventricule serait compatible avec le sang et non thrombogénique et dont la paroi ventriculaire serait constituée par un lambeau du muscle grand dorsal électrostimulé, ce néo-ventricule étant raccordé chirurgicalement sur l'aorte afin de suppléer ou assister un ventricule défaillant. It would therefore be interesting to be able to form a ventricular assistance system involving a neo-ventricle whose blood / neo-ventricle interface would be compatible with the blood and not thrombogenic and whose ventricular wall would be constituted by a flap of the large muscle. electrostimulated dorsal, this neo-ventricle being surgically connected to the aorta in order to replace or assist a failing ventricle.

On a trouvé maintenant qu'il était possible de former un tel néo-ventricule grâce à l'utilisation d'un dispositif chirurgicalement implantable de structure particulière. It has now been found that it is possible to form such a neo-ventricle thanks to the use of a surgically implantable device of particular structure.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un dispositif chirurgicalement implantable, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps solide, de consistance molle, ayant approximativement la forme d'une poire, entouré d'un filet épousant la forme dudit corps, lesdits corps et filet étant constitués de matériaux biocompatibles. More particularly, the invention relates to a surgically implantable device, characterized in that it comprises a solid body, of soft consistency, having approximately the shape of a pear, surrounded by a net matching the shape of said body, said bodies and net being made of biocompatible materials.

Le corps solide de consistance molle et en forme générale de poire peut avoir un volume de l'ordre de 50 à 200 cm3 environ. Il peut être formé d'une enveloppe en élastomère de silicone remplie d'un gel de silicone, par exemple comme ceux qu'on utilise dans les prothèses mammaires. En variante, on peut utiliser un liquide, par exemple un polydiméthylsiloxane liquide, à la place du gel. Le filet peut être formé de fibres d'un polyester tel que le téréphtalate de polyéthylène, ou de tout autre matériau biocompatible ayant de bonnes propriétés de résistance mécanique. The solid body of soft consistency and generally pear-shaped can have a volume of the order of approximately 50 to 200 cm 3. It can be formed from a silicone elastomer envelope filled with a silicone gel, for example like those used in breast prostheses. Alternatively, a liquid, for example a liquid polydimethylsiloxane, can be used in place of the gel. The net can be formed from polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, or from any other biocompatible material having good mechanical strength properties.

La description qui va suivre faite en regard du dessin annexé est destinée à mieux illustrer le dispositif de l'invention et son utilisation. The description which follows made with reference to the appended drawing is intended to better illustrate the device of the invention and its use.

La figure unique est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un dispositif selon l'invention. The single figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to the invention.

Sur la figure est représenté un dispositif selon l'invention. Ce dispositif comprend un corps piriforme, désigné par la référence générale 1, constitué d'une enveloppe ou peau 2 en élastomère de silicone, remplie d'un gel ou liquide de silicone 3 lui conférant une consistance molle. In the figure is shown a device according to the invention. This device comprises a piriform body, designated by the general reference 1, consisting of an envelope or skin 2 of silicone elastomer, filled with a silicone gel or liquid 3 giving it a soft consistency.

Autour du corps 1 est disposé un filet 4 en téréphtalate de polyéthylène épousant la forme du corps.Around the body 1 is disposed a net 4 of polyethylene terephthalate matching the shape of the body.

L'utilisation du dispositif de l'invention comprend deux étapes . Dans la première étape, on implante chirurgicalement le dispositif dans la région dorsale du sujet et on positionne le lambeau pédiculé du muscle grand dorsal autour de ce dispositif de manière à couvrir l'extrémité 6 de la partie ventrue 7 et la partie ventrue 7 elle-même du corps 1. On implante des électrodes intramusculaires sur le grand dorsal, reliées à un stimulateur neuromusculaire afin d'opérer une transformation électro-physiologique et histochimique du muscle grand dorsal le rendant résistant à la fatigue, comme décrit dans les deux articles de J.C. CHACHQUES précités auxquels on se reportera pour plus de détails.Au cours de cette étape qui peut durer 2-4 mois environ, le muscle grand dorsal subit non seulement une transformation électrophysiologique et histochimique le rendant résistant à la fatigue, mais est le siège d'un phénomène de formation de tissu fibreux induit par le corps 1. Le tissu fibreux pénètre dans les ouvertures du filet 4 et enrobe complètement celui-ci. Ce tissu fibreux constituera la structure néointimale du néo-ventricule et sera le support d'une néoendothélialisation assurant la non-thrombogénicité finale du néo-ventricule. De plus au cours de cette première étape, la partie mince 8 du corps piriforme 1 est progressivement recouverte aussi de tissu fibreux. The use of the device of the invention comprises two stages. In the first step, the device is surgically implanted in the dorsal region of the subject and the pedicled flap of the dorsal muscle is positioned around this device so as to cover the end 6 of the bulging part 7 and the bulging part 7 itself. same of the body 1. Intramuscular electrodes are implanted on the large dorsal, connected to a neuromuscular stimulator in order to effect an electro-physiological and histochemical transformation of the large dorsal muscle making it resistant to fatigue, as described in the two articles of JC CHACHQUES cited above to which we will refer for more details. During this stage which can last 2-4 months approximately, the large dorsal muscle undergoes not only an electrophysiological and histochemical transformation making it resistant to fatigue, but is the seat of a phenomenon of formation of fibrous tissue induced by the body 1. The fibrous tissue penetrates into the openings of the net 4 and completely envelops the latter. This fibrous tissue will constitute the neointimal structure of the neo-ventricle and will be the support for neoendothelialization ensuring the final non-thrombogenicity of the neo-ventricle. In addition, during this first step, the thin part 8 of the piriform body 1 is gradually also covered with fibrous tissue.

Lorsqu'on considère que la première étape est arrivée à son terme, on opère par voie chirurgicale la dissection du néo-ventricule formé en conservant le pédicule vasculo-nerveux axillaire du muscle grand dorsal, puis on incise l'extrémité 9 de la partie mince 8 du dispositif 1 recouverte de tissu, devant être raccordée à l'aorte. When we consider that the first stage has come to an end, we dissect the neo-ventricle formed by surgery, preserving the axillary vascular-nervous pedicle of the large dorsal muscle, then cut the end 9 of the thin part 8 of device 1 covered with tissue, to be connected to the aorta.

Par cette incision, on extrait le gel ou le liquide 3 et son enveloppe 2. On transfère alors le néo-ventricule avec ses électrodes en position intra-thoracique par résection partielle de la deuxième ou troisième côte et thoracotomie postérolatérale gauche. On suture alors l'extrémité incisée sur l'aorte que l'on pince latéralement. On met en place un cardiomyostimulateur vendu par la Société Medtronic et une électrode cardiaque pour obtenir une stimulation synchrone diastolique coeur/néo-ventricule. On effectue un traitement anti-coagulant (pendant environ 3 mois) jusqu'à ce que s'opèrent l'endothélialisation du néo-ventricule et la consolidation des sutures sur l'aorte.  Through this incision, the gel or liquid 3 and its envelope are extracted 2. The neo-ventricle with its electrodes is then transferred to the intra-thoracic position by partial resection of the second or third rib and left posterolateral thoracotomy. The incised end is then sutured onto the aorta, which is pinched laterally. A cardiomyostimulator sold by the Medtronic Company and a cardiac electrode are put in place to obtain synchronous diastolic heart / neo-ventricular stimulation. An anti-coagulant treatment is carried out (for approximately 3 months) until the endothelialization of the neo-ventricle takes place and the consolidation of the sutures on the aorta.

Le rôle du filet, qui demeure noyé dans le tissu fibreux développé, est d'éviter toute dilatation excessive du néo-ventricule sous l'effet de la pression artérielle. Par ailleurs, comme on a pris soin de couvrir l'extrémité de la partie ventrue du dispositif par le muscle grand dorsal dans la première étape, l'action de ce muscle dans le néo-ventricule s'opère à partir du fond de la cavité du néo-ventricule vers l'abouchement vers l'aorte, évitant ainsi un volume sanguin résiduel significatif. The role of the net, which remains embedded in the developed fibrous tissue, is to avoid any excessive dilation of the neo-ventricle under the effect of blood pressure. In addition, as care was taken to cover the end of the bulging part of the device with the dorsal muscle in the first stage, the action of this muscle in the neo-ventricle takes place from the bottom of the cavity from the neo-ventricle to the delivery to the aorta, thus avoiding a significant residual blood volume.

Avec la technique sus-décrite, il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser une circulation extra-corporelle.  With the above-described technique, it is not necessary to use an extra-corporeal circulation.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Un dispositif chirurgicalement implantablç caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps (1) solide, de consistance molle, ayant approximativement la forme d'une poire, entouré d'un filet (4) épousant la forme dudit corps, lesdits corps et filet étant constitués de matériaux biocompatibles. 1. A surgically implantable device characterized in that it comprises a solid body (1), of soft consistency, having approximately the shape of a pear, surrounded by a net (4) matching the shape of said body, said bodies and net being made of biocompatible materials. 2. Un dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps est formé d'une enveloppe (2) remplie d'une matière à l'état de gel (3).  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is formed of an envelope (2) filled with a material in the gel state (3).
FR8712187A 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Surgically implantable device for forming a new ventricle Withdrawn FR2619706A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8712187A FR2619706A1 (en) 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Surgically implantable device for forming a new ventricle

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8712187A FR2619706A1 (en) 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Surgically implantable device for forming a new ventricle

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FR2619706A1 true FR2619706A1 (en) 1989-03-03

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR62668E (en) * 1951-01-15 1955-06-16 Breast prosthesis subcutaneous device
US3124136A (en) * 1964-03-10 Method of repairing body tissue
FR1400262A (en) * 1964-07-07 1965-05-21 Dow Corning Female prosthesis
US3683424A (en) * 1970-01-30 1972-08-15 William J Pangman Surgically implantable compound breast prosthesis
EP0030838A1 (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-24 Dow Corning Corporation Silicone gel-filled silicone rubber article possessing reduced surface-bleed
US4332634A (en) * 1981-01-14 1982-06-01 Medical Engineering Corporation Method of preparing a resealable valve
EP0054359A1 (en) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-23 Sadeque Sadre Naficy Breast prosthesis
EP0174141A1 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-12 Daniel Brauman Improved implantable prosthetic devices

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124136A (en) * 1964-03-10 Method of repairing body tissue
FR62668E (en) * 1951-01-15 1955-06-16 Breast prosthesis subcutaneous device
FR1400262A (en) * 1964-07-07 1965-05-21 Dow Corning Female prosthesis
US3683424A (en) * 1970-01-30 1972-08-15 William J Pangman Surgically implantable compound breast prosthesis
EP0030838A1 (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-24 Dow Corning Corporation Silicone gel-filled silicone rubber article possessing reduced surface-bleed
EP0054359A1 (en) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-23 Sadeque Sadre Naficy Breast prosthesis
US4332634A (en) * 1981-01-14 1982-06-01 Medical Engineering Corporation Method of preparing a resealable valve
EP0174141A1 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-12 Daniel Brauman Improved implantable prosthetic devices

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