FR2554779A1 - Variable-step hull system for fast boats - Google Patents
Variable-step hull system for fast boats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2554779A1 FR2554779A1 FR8318007A FR8318007A FR2554779A1 FR 2554779 A1 FR2554779 A1 FR 2554779A1 FR 8318007 A FR8318007 A FR 8318007A FR 8318007 A FR8318007 A FR 8318007A FR 2554779 A1 FR2554779 A1 FR 2554779A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- hull
- boat
- flaps
- high speed
- variable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
- B63B1/22—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type with adjustable planing surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
- B63B39/061—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water by using trimflaps, i.e. flaps mounted on the rear of a boat, e.g. speed boat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
- B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
- B63B2001/202—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface divided by transverse steps
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un système de coque à redans variables utilisables sur bateaux rapides. The present invention relates to a hull system with variable steps used on fast boats.
La technique actuelle des bateaux rapides fait généralement appel à la solution des coques planantes. Dans cette technique aux petites vitesses le bateau navigue en déplacement, supporte principalement par la poussée hydrostatique. The current technique of fast boats generally calls for the solution of planing hulls. In this technique at low speeds the boat sails on the move, mainly supported by the hydrostatic thrust.
Au-delà d'une certaine vitesse, et si les formes de la coque le permettent se produit le phénomène de déjaugage : le bateau se cabre et la portance d'origine hydrodynamique sur le fond de la coque remplace la portance hydrostatique. Cette méthode permet une réduction importante de la traînée par rapport à celle qu'aurait une coque non planante. Cependant quand la vitesse continue à augmenter la tramée se met à croître de nouveau.En effet du fait que le centre de gravité est forcément trop en avant de l'arrière de la coque (ceci est surtout vrai sur les bateaux de transport et les bateaux à usage militaire qui doivent loger une charge utile en plus du groupe motopropulseur) le bateau ne peut maintenir une assiette favorable car la surface portante nécessaire à sa sustentation diminuerait avec la vitesse, et passerait en arrière du centre de gravité d'où 11 impossibilité de maintenir l'équilibre. L'assiette du bateau diminue ce qui augmente la surface nécessaire à la sustentation. Ce surcroît de surface entraîne une augmentation de la traînée de frottement qui devient prépondérante à grande vitesse. Beyond a certain speed, and if the shapes of the hull allow it, the planing phenomenon occurs: the boat rears and the hydrodynamic lift on the bottom of the hull replaces the hydrostatic lift. This method allows a significant reduction in drag compared to that which a non-planing hull would have. However when the speed continues to increase the screen starts to increase again because the center of gravity is necessarily too far in front of the rear of the hull (this is especially true on transport boats and boats for military use which must accommodate a payload in addition to the powertrain) the boat cannot maintain a favorable attitude because the bearing surface necessary for its sustenance would decrease with speed, and would pass behind the center of gravity hence the impossibility of maintain balance. The trim of the boat decreases which increases the area necessary for the lift. This additional surface causes an increase in the friction drag which becomes predominant at high speed.
Un remède à ce problème est l'usage de redans (un ou plusieurs en serie) pour limiter la surface mouillée à grande vitesse. Cependant pour être vraiment efficace ces redans devraient être suivis de décrochements importants qui entrainent alors une tralnée trop importante à plus basse vitesse. Ce qui fait que de tels redans ne sont utilisés que sur des bateaux de course. A remedy for this problem is the use of steps (one or more in series) to limit the wet surface at high speed. However, to be truly effective, these steps should be followed by major setbacks which then cause too much tralnea at lower speed. This means that such steps are only used on racing boats.
La présente invention porte sur un système de coque à redans à géométrie variable permettant d'avoir la meilleure adaptation à toutes les vitesses de navigation. The present invention relates to a hull system with steps with variable geometry making it possible to have the best adaptation to all navigation speeds.
Les figures 1, 2 et 3 présentent l'invention de base. Elle est ici présentée sur un exemple de bateau à coque à fond en Vé. Elle pourrait s'appliquer dans les mêmes conditions à d'autres formes de coque (par exemple coque à fond plat) et à des coques de bateaux multicoques (par exemple des catamarans). Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the basic invention. It is presented here on an example of a V-bottom hull boat. It could apply under the same conditions to other hull forms (for example flat bottom hull) and to hulls of multihull boats (for example catamarans).
La figure 1 montre une vue de profil du bateau en configuration de navigation à petite vitesse. La figure 2 montre une vue de profil du bateau en configuration de navigation à grande vitesse. La figure 3 présente une vue de dessous du bateau. Figure 1 shows a side view of the boat in low speed navigation configuration. Figure 2 shows a side view of the boat in high speed navigation configuration. Figure 3 shows a bottom view of the boat.
Le repère 1 montre la position du redan. Il est généralement placé en avant du centre de gravité du bateau dans le cas d'un redan unique. Le repère 2 montre le système de redan variable constitué dans l'exemple de deux volets articulés sur deux charnières (3) sur leur bordure avant. Ces volets sont actionnés par des vérins, par exemple hydrauliques ou à vis. A petite et moyenne vitesses jusqu'au delà du déjaugage, ces volets sont rabattus contre la coque ce qui correspond à la configuration optimale à ces vitesses. Mark 1 shows the position of the step. It is generally placed in front of the center of gravity of the boat in the case of a single step. Reference 2 shows the variable step system constituted in the example of two flaps hinged on two hinges (3) on their front edge. These flaps are actuated by jacks, for example hydraulic or screw. At low and medium speeds beyond planing, these flaps are folded against the hull which corresponds to the optimal configuration at these speeds.
A grande vitesse ces volets sont braqués de façon à ce que le bateau ne repose plus que sur les volets (et éventuellement une petite surface de coque en avant des volets) et sur l'arrière de la coque. Dans l'exemple présenté on a aussi utilisé à cet effet le braquage de volets compensateurs articulés à l'arrière du bateau (5). At high speed these flaps are turned so that the boat only rests on the flaps (and possibly a small hull area in front of the flaps) and on the rear of the hull. In the example presented, the deflection of articulated compensating flaps at the rear of the boat (5) was also used for this purpose.
Le repère 6 donne la ligne de flottaison à l'arrêt. Reference 6 gives the waterline when stopped.
Le repère 7 donne la position moyenne de la surface de l'eau en navigation à grande vitesse. The reference 7 gives the average position of the surface of the water in high speed navigation.
Le repère 8 donne en vue de dessous la limite de la surface mouillée à l'arrêt. Les zones hachurées (9) donnent les limites approximatives de la surface mouillée à grande vitesse. Reference 8 gives a view from below of the limit of the wetted surface when stationary. The hatched areas (9) give the approximate limits of the surface wet at high speed.
Le bateau de exemple est propulsé par helice (4) mais d'autres modes de propulsion sont envisageables (par exemple propulsion par jet d'eau). The example boat is propelled by propeller (4) but other modes of propulsion are possible (for example propulsion by water jet).
On peut aussi envisager d'avoir plusieurs redans successifs, le premier étant en avant du centre de gravité du bateau. We can also consider having several successive steps, the first being in front of the center of gravity of the boat.
La forme et le débattement du ou des volets pourront etre optimisés en recherchant le meilleur compromis possible entre la réduction de la surface mouillée totale (qui diminue quand la taille et le braquage des volets augmentent) et l'inclinaison vers l'arrière des forces de pression hydrodynamiques (inclinaison qui augmente avec la taille et le braquage des volets). A cet effet il pourra être recherché les proportions optimales afin que à la vitesse d'adaptation la vague attachée au redan vienne mouiller partiellement la coque en avant du volet.En effet comme le montre la figure 4 qui représente une coupe du fond de la coque par un plan vertical parallèle à l'axe du bateau (la coque étant repérée par (10), le volet par (11) et la surface de l'eau par (12)), la résultante globale des forces de pression sur le redan (13) qui est la combinaison des forces de pression sur le volet (14) et sur Ie fond de la coque (15) est moins inclinée que si la force de sustentation (16) était produite par la seule force sur le volet donnant ainsi une tramée (17) plus faible. Cette réduction supplémentaire de traînée, obtenue par un effet de cambrure locale entre le fond de la coque et le volet est un avantage supplémentaire du procédé proposé. The shape and the travel of the flap (s) can be optimized by seeking the best possible compromise between the reduction of the total wet surface (which decreases when the size and the deflection of the flaps increase) and the inclination towards the rear of the forces of hydrodynamic pressure (inclination which increases with the size and the turning of the flaps). To this end, optimal proportions can be sought so that, at the speed of adaptation, the wave attached to the step comes to partially wet the hull in front of the flap. Indeed, as shown in FIG. 4 which represents a section of the bottom of the hull by a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the boat (the hull being identified by (10), the flap by (11) and the water surface by (12)), the overall result of the pressure forces on the step (13) which is the combination of the pressure forces on the flap (14) and on the bottom of the hull (15) is less inclined than if the lift force (16) were produced by the force on the flap alone thus giving a weaker screen (17). This additional reduction in drag, obtained by a local camber effect between the bottom of the hull and the flap is an additional advantage of the proposed method.
Dans le cas ou la forme de la coque serait autre que la forme en Vé de l'exemple (par exemple coque à facettes) on pourra augmenter le nombre de volets par redan pour suivre la forme de la coque. Inversement une coque à fond plat pourra n'avoir qu'un volet par redan. In the case where the shape of the shell would be other than the V-shape of the example (for example faceted shell), the number of flaps per step can be increased to follow the shape of the shell. Conversely, a flat-bottomed hull may have only one flap per step.
On peut aussi concevoir une solution où les volets soient complètement encastrés quand ils sont repliés et ne présentent alors plus de décrochement à l'arrière. We can also conceive a solution where the shutters are completely recessed when they are folded and then no longer have a drop in the rear.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8318007A FR2554779B1 (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1983-11-14 | VARIABLE SHAFT HULL SYSTEM FOR FAST BOATS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8318007A FR2554779B1 (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1983-11-14 | VARIABLE SHAFT HULL SYSTEM FOR FAST BOATS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2554779A1 true FR2554779A1 (en) | 1985-05-17 |
FR2554779B1 FR2554779B1 (en) | 1989-04-28 |
Family
ID=9294047
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8318007A Expired FR2554779B1 (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1983-11-14 | VARIABLE SHAFT HULL SYSTEM FOR FAST BOATS |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2554779B1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4669408A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-06-02 | Schad Robert D | Amphibious jet powered craft |
WO1995007209A2 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-03-16 | Ian James Duncan | Planing-type vessel |
EP0875449A3 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 2000-08-30 | Milos Vuckovic | Ship with levelling installation |
EP1163148A1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-12-19 | Brunswick Corporation | Boat hull with configurable planing surface |
FR2860489A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-08 | Ocea | Underwater hull apparatus for boat e.g. mono-hull boat, has filling device for filling shrinkage in bottom of hull, by cove surface and by surface of back part of hull, where filling device is partially expanded to fill shrinkage |
CN101638136B (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2012-05-23 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Skimming boat with boat body provided with march-past lifting board device |
IT201700107231A1 (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-05 | Filippo Berti | Hydroplane fairing with step discontinuity on the retractable load-bearing surface |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1347002A (en) * | 1962-07-10 | 1963-12-27 | Steering and stabilization device for motor boats |
-
1983
- 1983-11-14 FR FR8318007A patent/FR2554779B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1347002A (en) * | 1962-07-10 | 1963-12-27 | Steering and stabilization device for motor boats |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4669408A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-06-02 | Schad Robert D | Amphibious jet powered craft |
WO1995007209A2 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-03-16 | Ian James Duncan | Planing-type vessel |
WO1995007209A3 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-05-04 | Ian James Duncan | Planing-type vessel |
EP0875449A3 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 2000-08-30 | Milos Vuckovic | Ship with levelling installation |
EP1163148A1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-12-19 | Brunswick Corporation | Boat hull with configurable planing surface |
EP1163148A4 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2002-05-15 | Brunswick Corp | Boat hull with configurable planing surface |
FR2860489A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-08 | Ocea | Underwater hull apparatus for boat e.g. mono-hull boat, has filling device for filling shrinkage in bottom of hull, by cove surface and by surface of back part of hull, where filling device is partially expanded to fill shrinkage |
CN101638136B (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2012-05-23 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Skimming boat with boat body provided with march-past lifting board device |
IT201700107231A1 (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-05 | Filippo Berti | Hydroplane fairing with step discontinuity on the retractable load-bearing surface |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2554779B1 (en) | 1989-04-28 |
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Legal Events
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CA | Change of address | ||
ST | Notification of lapse |