FR2540032A1 - Method for producing a construction material, device for implementation and material obtained - Google Patents
Method for producing a construction material, device for implementation and material obtained Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2540032A1 FR2540032A1 FR8401236A FR8401236A FR2540032A1 FR 2540032 A1 FR2540032 A1 FR 2540032A1 FR 8401236 A FR8401236 A FR 8401236A FR 8401236 A FR8401236 A FR 8401236A FR 2540032 A1 FR2540032 A1 FR 2540032A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- water
- openings
- cement
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/14—Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for cutting the moulded article into parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
- B28B1/525—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement containing organic fibres, e.g. wood fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
- B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
- B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau de consflruci̇on dispositif de mise en oeuvre et matériau obtenu
La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau de construction et notamment de briques moulées.Method for manufacturing a consflruci̇on material, implementation device and material obtained
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a building material and in particular molded bricks.
Elle concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvr de ce procédé ainsi que le matériau résultant.It also relates to a device for implementing this process as well as the resulting material.
On connait déjà de nombreux matériaux de constructions ainsi que les procédés permettant leur réalisation. La base des matériaux de construction obtenus par un moulage est généralement une charge minérale maintenue par un lian par exemple un liant hydraulique tel que le ciment. La pré sente invention permet de réaliser un produit nouveau, par ticulièrement léger, résistant aux agents mécaniques, à l'eau et à la chaleur. En outre, ce matériau est un excellent isolant et utilise comme charge de base un produit disponible en grande quantité et à bas prix. Le procédé de fabrication est également très économique et peut être réa lisé à l'aide d'un matériel courant de façon artisanale ov industrielle.We already know many building materials as well as the processes allowing their realization. The basis of the building materials obtained by molding is generally a mineral filler maintained by a lian, for example a hydraulic binder such as cement. The present invention makes it possible to produce a new product, particularly light, resistant to mechanical agents, to water and to heat. In addition, this material is an excellent insulator and uses as a base filler a product available in large quantities and at low prices. The manufacturing process is also very economical and can be carried out using standard equipment in a traditional or industrial way.
Le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention est caractéri en ce que l'on découpe ou déchire dupapier, en ce que 1' prépare un mélange de ciment et d'eau, en ce que l'on rajc te ce mélange à une quantité déterminée de papier découpé ou déchiré, en ce que l'on malaxe ces différents ingrédier pour en faire une pâte homogène, en ce que l'on coule cet pâte dans un moule pourvu d'ouvertures pour permettre l'é coulement de l'eau, en ce que l'on soumet cette pate à un pression rapprochant le couvercle et le fond du moule et ce que l'on démoule le produit ainsi obtenu en le laissa sécher et durcir.The manufacturing process according to the invention is characterized in that the paper is cut or torn, in that one prepares a mixture of cement and water, in that one mixes this mixture to a determined quantity of cut or torn paper, in that these different ingredients are kneaded into a homogeneous paste, in that this paste is poured into a mold provided with openings to allow the flow of water, in that this dough is subjected to a pressure bringing the lid and the bottom of the mold closer together and that the product thus obtained is demolded and allowed to dry and harden.
Le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé est cc ractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une machine à découper le papier, un malaxeur, au moins un moule. ayant un fond pou d'ouvertures pour permettre l'écoulement de l'eau et un couvercle mobile pourvu d'ouvertures, ce couvercle étant relié à un organe susoeptible d'exercer une pression sur le contenu du moule.The device for implementing this process is cc factized in that it comprises a paper cutting machine, a mixer, at least one mold. having a bottom for openings to allow the flow of water and a movable cover provided with openings, this cover being connected to a body capable of exerting pressure on the contents of the mold.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'exemples de réalisation et du dessin annexé dans lequel la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective éclatée d'une forme de réalisation élémentaire du moule utilisé dans le cadre du procédé selon l'invention, et la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe d'un moule à plusieurs compartiments pour la réalisation simultanée de plusieurs briques moulées.The present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of exemplary embodiments and of the accompanying drawing in which FIG. 1 represents an exploded perspective view of an elementary embodiment of the mold used in the context of the method according to the invention , and Figure 2 shows a sectional view of a mold with several compartments for the simultaneous production of several molded bricks.
Le procédé décrit, pour la réalisation de briques, de panneaux, d'éléments de cloisons ou de poutres préfabriquées consiste à préparer tout d'abord une pate homogène faite d'un mélange de papier, de ciment et d'eau. Pour réaliser cette pâte homogène, il convient de découper le papier par exemple en lamelles avec une machine à couper connue en soi, puis à malaxer ce papier auquel on a rajouté un mélange d'eau et de ciment.The method described, for the production of bricks, panels, elements of partitions or prefabricated beams consists in first of all preparing a homogeneous paste made of a mixture of paper, cement and water. To make this homogeneous paste, it is necessary to cut the paper for example into strips with a cutting machine known per se, then to knead this paper to which a mixture of water and cement has been added.
L'expérience a montré qu'on obtenait de bons résultats avec un mélange d'eau et de ciment contenant entre une et cinq unités de poids de ciment pour dix à vingt unités de poids d'eau.Experience has shown that good results are obtained with a mixture of water and cement containing between one and five weight units of cement per ten to twenty weight units of water.
La pâte utilisée comme matériau de base contenait deux unités de poids de papier pour dix-sept unitiés de poids de mélange eau et ciment dans les proportions précédentes.The pulp used as base material contained two units of weight of paper for seventeen units of weight of water and cement mixture in the above proportions.
A titre d'exemple, onze briques en forme de parallélépipède rectangle plein ayant 23 cm de longueur, 9 cm de largeur et 5 cm de d'épaisseur on pu être obtenues à partir de 2 kg de papier découpé en lamelles, malaxé pendant approximativement dix minutes avec un mélange de 3 kg de ciment délayé dans 15 litres d'eau. La pâte homogène obtenue après ma
laxage est coulée -dans un moule et soumise à.une pression
suffisante.pour réduire l'épaisseur de la pâte de moitié
au cours de la phase de compression. Cette compression s-'effectue avec évacuation de l'eau à travers les orifice.For example, eleven bricks in the shape of a full rectangular parallelepiped having 23 cm in length, 9 cm in width and 5 cm in thickness, it was possible to obtain from 2 kg of paper cut into strips, kneaded for approximately ten minutes with a mixture of 3 kg of cement diluted in 15 liters of water. The homogeneous paste obtained after my
the axis is cast in a mold and subjected to a pressure
sufficient to reduce the thickness of the dough by half
during the compression phase. This compression is effected with evacuation of the water through the orifices.
ménagés dans le moule.formed in the mold.
La figure 1 représente une vue en perspecti-ve éclatée d' ut moule de petite dimension permettant de réaliser des briques de façon artisanale. Ce moule 10 ayant la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle comporte des parois latérales 1) pourvues d'ouvertures 12 disposées à proximité de sa base.Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a small mold for making bricks in a traditional way. This mold 10 having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped has side walls 1) provided with openings 12 arranged near its base.
Le fond du moule est constitué par une grille 13 à maille fines qui repose sur une grille 14 plus rigide pourvue d'ouvertures 15 par exemple circulaires dont le diamètre est supérieur aux dimensions des ouvertures de la grille à mailles fines 135 Le couvercle se compose d'une grille à mailles relativement fines 16 et d'une plaque rigide 17 pouvant comporter des ouvertures 18 et de préférence pourvue à sa base de plots longitudinaux 19, parallèles entre eux et destinés à prendre appui sur la grille 16. Les parois latérales 11 du moule comportent de préférence une seconde série d'ouvertures 20 disposées à mi-hauteur et destinées à favoriser l'écoulement de l'eau lorsque, suite à la pression exercée dans le sens de la flèche A sur la plaque 17, la pâte contenue dans le moule a été comprimée et que son volume s'est réduit de moitié.The bottom of the mold is constituted by a grid 13 with fine mesh which rests on a more rigid grid 14 provided with openings 15 for example circular, the diameter of which is greater than the dimensions of the openings of the grid with fine mesh 135 The cover consists of 'a grid with relatively fine meshes 16 and a rigid plate 17 which may have openings 18 and preferably provided at its base with longitudinal studs 19, mutually parallel and intended to bear on the grid 16. The side walls 11 of the mold preferably comprise a second series of openings 20 arranged at mid-height and intended to promote the flow of water when, following the pressure exerted in the direction of arrow A on the plate 17, the dough contained in the mold was compressed and its volume reduced by half.
La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe d'un moule industriel permettant de réaliser simultanément un ensemble de briques moulées. Comme précédemment, le moule 30 comporte des parois latérales 31 et un fond constitué essentielle- ment d'une plaque rigide 32 servant de support à une grill à mailles fines 33. Le couvercle du moule se compose d'une grille 34 à laquelle sont associés des couteaux 35 dont la hauteur h/2 est au moins approximativement égale à la moitié de la hauteur h de l'intérieur du moule 30. Une plaque 36 comportant des plots longitudinaux 37 prend appui sur la grille 34 pour exercer une pression sur ia pâte contenue dans le moule.Cette pression permet de faire descendre la grille 34 jusqu'au moment où la pointe des couteaux 35 se trouve en appui contre la grille inférieure 33. A ce moment, le couvercle du moule peut etre retiré et les plots compactés peuvent être extraits du moule. I1 suffit ensuite de les entreposer et de les sécher.FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of an industrial mold making it possible to simultaneously produce a set of molded bricks. As before, the mold 30 has side walls 31 and a bottom consisting essentially of a rigid plate 32 serving as a support for a fine mesh grill 33. The mold cover consists of a grid 34 with which are associated knives 35 whose height h / 2 is at least approximately equal to half the height h of the interior of the mold 30. A plate 36 comprising longitudinal studs 37 is supported on the grid 34 to exert pressure on the dough contained in the mold. This pressure allows the grid 34 to descend until the point of the knives 35 is in abutment against the lower grid 33. At this time, the mold cover can be removed and the pads compacted can be extracted from the mold. It is then sufficient to store and dry them.
Le procédé ci-dessus et le mise en ouvre de ce procédé ont été décritsen.référence aux figures illustrant deux moules de fabrication de forme particulièrement simple. Il est bien entendu que cette forme peut être modifiée et qu'on peut envisager la réalisation de toute sorte de briques ayant des profils différents. En particulier, il serait possible de prévoir des noyeaux fixés à la base de la grille 34 pour per-mettre la réalisation de briques creuses. En outre, il serait possible de prévoir une armature métallique, notamment lorsqu'on envisage de réaliser des plaques destinées à supporter des charges relativement importantes.The above process and the implementation of this process have been described in reference to the figures illustrating two manufacturing molds of particularly simple shape. It is understood that this shape can be modified and that one can envisage the realization of any kind of bricks having different profiles. In particular, it would be possible to provide cores fixed to the base of the grid 34 to allow the production of hollow bricks. In addition, it would be possible to provide a metal frame, in particular when it is envisaged to produce plates intended to support relatively large loads.
Etant donné que le matériau présente de bonne caractéristiques d'isolation, il est avantageux de réaliser des plaques d'isolation pouvant être collées ou fixées par un moyen quelconque contre les parois ou des dalles d'une construction traditionnelle en maçonnerie ou en béton.Since the material has good insulation characteristics, it is advantageous to produce insulation plates which can be glued or fixed by any means against the walls or slabs of a traditional masonry or concrete construction.
Il est à noter que ce matériau se colle très bien au moyen de diverses colles synthétiques, notamment les colles couramment utilisées pour fixer des faïences ou des carreaux en céramique. Pour augmenter la surface de collage et renforcer le joint, la brique o-u la plaque pouvent comporter un profil particulier, par exemple une battue à mi-épaisseur du matériau, ou des rainures complémentaires formées le long de deux côtés opposés. On notera également que l'utilisation de colles permet un assemblage très précis, et forme un joint étanche et isolant.It should be noted that this material sticks very well by means of various synthetic adhesives, in particular the adhesives commonly used for fixing earthenware or ceramic tiles. To increase the bonding surface and reinforce the joint, the brick or the plate can have a particular profile, for example a battée at mid-thickness of the material, or complementary grooves formed along two opposite sides. It will also be noted that the use of adhesives allows very precise assembly, and forms a waterproof and insulating seal.
Pour renforcer le caractère isolant des plaques d'isolation, il serait également possible d'associer à chaque plaque réalisée selon le procédé décrit, une plaque isolante, par exemple en polystyrène expansé. La plaque en papier et ci ment constitue une protection rigide pour l'isolation en polyester plus fragile et constitue une barrière anti-feu permettant d'utiliser ce matériau pour l'isolation de plafonds, notamment dans un garage. To reinforce the insulating nature of the insulation plates, it would also be possible to combine with each plate produced according to the method described, an insulating plate, for example of expanded polystyrene. The paper and cement plate constitutes a rigid protection for the more fragile polyester insulation and constitutes a fire barrier allowing to use this material for the insulation of ceilings, in particular in a garage.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH52483A CH651877A5 (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1983-01-31 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME AND MATERIAL OBTAINED THEREFROM. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2540032A1 true FR2540032A1 (en) | 1984-08-03 |
Family
ID=4188977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8401236A Withdrawn FR2540032A1 (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1984-01-25 | Method for producing a construction material, device for implementation and material obtained |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH651877A5 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2540032A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1986000881A1 (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1986-02-13 | Ludovic Hunkeler | Aggregate cement construction element and method and device for making the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103707392B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-08-17 | 高唐县成宇机械制造有限公司 | A kind of shaped device of composite insulating brick |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE620308A (en) * | ||||
FR407105A (en) * | ||||
FR787728A (en) * | 1935-03-22 | 1935-09-27 | Advanced building material, building components made from it and the apparatus used to make those components | |
US2153837A (en) * | 1935-06-18 | 1939-04-11 | Hybinette Noak Victor | Insulating concrete construction |
GB607854A (en) * | 1943-01-02 | 1948-09-07 | George Stanley Mann | Improvements in and relating to building or constructional units |
FR970975A (en) * | 1948-09-01 | 1951-01-11 | Cellulose pulp concrete and its manufacturing process | |
DE803757C (en) * | 1949-04-24 | 1951-04-09 | Hermann Josef Boeyng | Method and device for the production of bound stones and molded parts |
FR1098630A (en) * | 1954-01-21 | 1955-08-16 | Molded objects and their manufacturing process | |
GB1179405A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1970-01-28 | Nat Res Dev | Process for Producing a Concrete Article |
FR2307930A1 (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1976-11-12 | Kserho Francois Marie | Permanent lightweight insulation for building wall - has hydrated or porous binding matrix with shredded paper aggregate |
-
1983
- 1983-01-31 CH CH52483A patent/CH651877A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-01-25 FR FR8401236A patent/FR2540032A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE620308A (en) * | ||||
FR407105A (en) * | ||||
FR787728A (en) * | 1935-03-22 | 1935-09-27 | Advanced building material, building components made from it and the apparatus used to make those components | |
US2153837A (en) * | 1935-06-18 | 1939-04-11 | Hybinette Noak Victor | Insulating concrete construction |
GB607854A (en) * | 1943-01-02 | 1948-09-07 | George Stanley Mann | Improvements in and relating to building or constructional units |
FR970975A (en) * | 1948-09-01 | 1951-01-11 | Cellulose pulp concrete and its manufacturing process | |
DE803757C (en) * | 1949-04-24 | 1951-04-09 | Hermann Josef Boeyng | Method and device for the production of bound stones and molded parts |
FR1098630A (en) * | 1954-01-21 | 1955-08-16 | Molded objects and their manufacturing process | |
GB1179405A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1970-01-28 | Nat Res Dev | Process for Producing a Concrete Article |
FR2307930A1 (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1976-11-12 | Kserho Francois Marie | Permanent lightweight insulation for building wall - has hydrated or porous binding matrix with shredded paper aggregate |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1986000881A1 (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1986-02-13 | Ludovic Hunkeler | Aggregate cement construction element and method and device for making the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH651877A5 (en) | 1985-10-15 |
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