FR2472751A1 - Analysing separately for oxidants in soln. - comprising running analysis in parallel on untreated and treated samples - Google Patents
Analysing separately for oxidants in soln. - comprising running analysis in parallel on untreated and treated samples Download PDFInfo
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- FR2472751A1 FR2472751A1 FR7927879A FR7927879A FR2472751A1 FR 2472751 A1 FR2472751 A1 FR 2472751A1 FR 7927879 A FR7927879 A FR 7927879A FR 7927879 A FR7927879 A FR 7927879A FR 2472751 A1 FR2472751 A1 FR 2472751A1
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- chlorine
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 13
- HSRJKNPTNIJEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guaifenesin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OCC(O)CO HSRJKNPTNIJEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine chlorite Inorganic materials ClOCl=O JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004082 amperometric method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/404—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors
- G01N27/4045—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors for gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/182—Specific anions in water
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Dans le brevet français dépose le 17 Décembre 1976 sous le nO 76.39204 pour : "Procéde et appareil de mesure ampérometrique de la teneur en chlore libre d'une solution", les Demandeurs ont proposé un procédé qui permet de mesurer séparément la teneur en chlore libre et en chlore combiné dans une solution.Ce procédé consiste éventuellement à effectuer une première analyse au moyen d'une méthode classique qui donne la teneur en chlore total, avantageusement la méthode ampérometrique, sur un échantillon non traité, et une deuxieme analyse, sur un échantillon préalablement traité au moyen d'un composé chimique, avantageusement un nitrite, qui réagit sélectivement sur le chlore libre pour le transformer en chlorure, la différence entre les résultats de ces deux analyses donnant la teneur en chlore libre. In the French patent filed on December 17, 1976 under No. 76.39204 for: "Method and apparatus for amperometric measurement of the free chlorine content of a solution", the Applicants have proposed a method which makes it possible to separately measure the content of free chlorine and in combined chlorine in a solution. This process optionally consists in carrying out a first analysis using a conventional method which gives the total chlorine content, advantageously the amperometric method, on an untreated sample, and a second analysis, on a sample previously treated with a chemical compound, advantageously a nitrite, which reacts selectively on free chlorine to transform it into chloride, the difference between the results of these two analyzes giving the free chlorine content.
Dans le traitement des eaux, en particulier des eaux potables, au moyen de chlore, de bioxyde de chlore et d'ozone, diverses associations d'oxydants résiduels peuvent se présenter dans l'eau à la fin du traitement et il serait intéressant de pouvoir en mesurer séparément la teneur afin de mieux contrôler le traitement. In the treatment of water, in particular drinking water, by means of chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone, various associations of residual oxidants can be present in the water at the end of the treatment and it would be interesting to be able to measure the content separately to better control the treatment.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé qui permet d'effectuer une telle mesure séparee, chaque fois que l'eau à analyser contient au moins de l'ozone ou du bioxyde de chlore et d'autres oxydants résiduels. The subject of the present invention is a method which makes it possible to carry out such a separate measurement, each time the water to be analyzed contains at least ozone or chlorine dioxide and other residual oxidants.
Suivant l'invention, ce procédé consiste à effectuer une première analyse sur un échantillon non traité et au moins une deuxieme analyse, sur un échantillon préalablement traite soit au moyen de glycine, qui détruit sélectivement l'ozone et qui transforme, s'il est présent, le chlore libre en chlore combiné, soit au moyen d'un nitrite qui élimine le bioxyde de chlore en même temps que le chlore libre éventuel. According to the invention, this method consists in carrying out a first analysis on an untreated sample and at least a second analysis, on a sample previously treated either with glycine, which selectively destroys ozone and which transforms, if it is present, free chlorine in combined chlorine, either by means of a nitrite which eliminates chlorine dioxide at the same time as possible free chlorine.
La première analyse donne la teneur en oxydant résiduel total et la seconde, la teneur en oxydant résiduel, ozone exclus. The first analysis gives the total residual oxidant content and the second, the residual oxidant content, excluding ozone.
La différence donne donc la teneur en ozone, s'il n'y a pas de chlore libre dans la solution. En cas de présence de chlore libre, il faut effectuer une analyse supplémentaire sur un échantillon préalablement traité au nitrite, qui réduit sélectivement le chlore libre.The difference therefore gives the ozone content, if there is no free chlorine in the solution. If free chlorine is present, an additional analysis must be performed on a sample previously treated with nitrite, which selectively reduces free chlorine.
Les diverses applications de l'invention apparaitront clairement à la lumière de la description ci-après
Exemple 1 :
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant du chlore libre,
des chloramines et de l'ozone, on procède de la manière suivante
On utilise trois analyseurs ampérométriques en parallele,
fonctionnant avec addition d'iodure et tampon pH 4.0.The various applications of the invention will emerge clearly in the light of the description below
Example 1:
For the analysis of a solution containing free chlorine,
chloramines and ozone, we proceed as follows
We use three amperometric analyzers in parallel,
operating with the addition of iodide and pH 4.0 buffer.
Le premier analyseur, dans lequel on introduit un échan
tillon non traité, donne la concentration totale en oxydant avec
la lecture A. En amont du second analyseur on injecte du nitrite,
qui détruit le chlore libre sans réagir avec l'ozone et le chlore
combiné. Le second analyseur donne la lecture B. En amont du
troisième analyseur, on injecte de la glycine, qui reduit l'ozone
et transforme le chlore libre en chlore combiné. Le troisième
analyseur donne la lecture C. Un calculateur effectue les dlffé-
rences : A - B, ce qui donne la concentration en chlore libre et
(A - C), ce qui donne la concentration en ozone. Le calculateur
affiche les valeurs suivantes : chlore libre, ozone et chlore
combiné (donné par C + B - A).Couplé avec un pH-metre, le cal
culateur donne en outre la concentration en acide hypoch-loreux.--
Exemple 2
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant du chlore libre,
des chloramines et du bioxyde de chlore, on procède de la manière
suivante :
On utilise trois analyseurs ampérometriques en parallèle,
les deux premiers fonctionnant avec addition d'iodure et de tam
pon pH 4.0. Le premier analyseur, dans lequel on introduit un
échantillon non traité, donne la concentration totale en oxydant
avec la lecture A. En amont du second analyseur et en assurant un
temps de contact d'au moins 2 minutes on injecte du nitrite; ce
compose réagissant avec le chlore libre et le bioxyde de chlore,
on a alors la mesure du chlore combiné, soit la lecture B.En
amont du troisième analyseur, on injecte un exces d'ion ammonium
et un tampon à pH 7.0 qui transforme le chlore libre en chlora
mine et on obtient la lecture C, laquelle donne directement la
concentration en bioxyde de chlore.The first analyzer, in which we introduce a sample
untreated trill, gives the total concentration of oxidizer with
reading A. Upstream of the second analyzer, nitrite is injected,
which destroys free chlorine without reacting with ozone and chlorine
combined. The second analyzer reads B. Upstream of the
third analyzer, we inject glycine, which reduces ozone
and transforms free chlorine into combined chlorine. The third
analyzer gives the reading C. A computer performs the dlff-
rences: A - B, which gives the concentration of free chlorine and
(A - C), which gives the ozone concentration. The calculator
displays the following values: free chlorine, ozone and chlorine
combined (given by C + B - A) Coupled with a pH meter, the cal
culateur also gives the hypochlorous acid concentration .--
Example 2
For the analysis of a solution containing free chlorine,
chloramines and chlorine dioxide, we proceed in the same way
next :
We use three amperometric analyzers in parallel,
the first two operating with the addition of iodide and tam
pon pH 4.0. The first analyzer, into which we introduce a
untreated sample, gives the total oxidant concentration
with reading A. Upstream of the second analyzer and ensuring a
contact time of at least 2 minutes, nitrite is injected; this
compound reacting with free chlorine and chlorine dioxide,
we then have the measurement of combined chlorine, i.e. reading B.
upstream of the third analyzer, an excess of ammonium ion is injected
and a pH 7.0 buffer which converts free chlorine into chlora
mine and we get the reading C, which directly gives the
chlorine dioxide concentration.
Un calculateur effectue la différence : A - B - C
ce qui donne la concentration en chlore libre. Ce calculateur
affiche les concentrations en chlore libre, en chlore combiné (lecture 2) et en bioxyde de chlore (lecture 3). S'il est couplé avec un pH mètre il calcule la concentration en acide hypochloreux et l'affiche.A calculator makes the difference: A - B - C
which gives the concentration of free chlorine. This calculator
displays the concentrations of free chlorine, combined chlorine (reading 2) and chlorine dioxide (reading 3). If it is coupled with a pH meter it calculates the concentration of hypochlorous acid and displays it.
Exemple 3
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant du chlore libre,
des chloramines, du bioxyde de chlore et un chlorite, on procède
de la maniere suivante
On utilise quatre analyseurs ampérométriques en parallèle, les deux premiers fonctionnant avec addition d'iodure et de tampon pH 4.0.Example 3
For the analysis of a solution containing free chlorine,
chloramines, chlorine dioxide and chlorite, we proceed
as follows
Four amperometric analyzers are used in parallel, the first two operating with the addition of iodide and pH 4.0 buffer.
Les trois premiers analyseurs sont utilisés comme dans l'exemple 2. En amont du quatri-eme analyseur, on injecte une solution d'iodure et d'acide permettant d'abaisser le pH à 1,0 et on assure un temps de contact de 2 minutes avant l'arrivée dans 1'analyseur. Ceci a pour effet d'éliminer le chlorite ce qui donne la lecture D. The first three analyzers are used as in Example 2. Upstream of the fourth analyzer, an iodide and acid solution is injected allowing the pH to be lowered to 1.0 and a contact time is ensured. 2 minutes before arrival in the analyzer. This has the effect of eliminating the chlorite which gives the reading D.
La différence D - A donne la teneur en chlorite
Exemple 4
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant de l'ozone et du bioxyde de chlore, on utilise deux analyseurs ampérométriques en parallèle avec ou sans addition d'iodure et de tampon pH 4.0.The difference D - A gives the chlorite content
Example 4
For the analysis of a solution containing ozone and chlorine dioxide, two amperometric analyzers are used in parallel with or without the addition of iodide and pH 4.0 buffer.
Le premier, dans lequel la solution n'est pas traitee, donne la concentration totale en oxydant, avec la lecture A. En amont du second on injecte une solution de glycine, ce qui detruit-l'ozone. The first, in which the solution is not treated, gives the total concentration of oxidant, with the reading A. Upstream of the second, a glycine solution is injected, which destroys the ozone.
Le second analyseur donne la lecture B, c'est-à-dire la concentration en bioxyde de chlore. Le calculateur effectue la difference : A - B ce qui donne la concentration en ozone.The second analyzer gives the reading B, that is to say the concentration of chlorine dioxide. The calculator makes the difference: A - B which gives the ozone concentration.
Exemple 5
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant de l'ozone, du bioxyde de chlore et un chlorite, on procede de la manière suivante
En plus des deux analyseurs décrits à l'exemple 4, on utilise un troisième analyseur en amont duquel on injecte une solution d'iodure et d'acide permettant d'abaisser le pH à 1,0 pendant 2,0 minutes. Le troisieme analyseur donne la lecture C.Example 5
For the analysis of a solution containing ozone, chlorine dioxide and chlorite, the procedure is as follows
In addition to the two analyzers described in Example 4, a third analyzer is used upstream of which an iodide and acid solution is injected making it possible to lower the pH to 1.0 for 2.0 minutes. The third analyzer reads C.
Le calculateur détermine, en plus des concentrations d'ozone et de bioxyde de chlore, la concentration de chlorite donnée par la différence : C - A.The calculator determines, in addition to the concentrations of ozone and chlorine dioxide, the concentration of chlorite given by the difference: C - A.
Exemple 6
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant du chlore libre, des chloramines, de l'ozone et du bioxyde de chlore, on-procède de la manière suivante
On utilise quatre analyseurs ampérométriques en paral lèle, les trois premiers fonctionnant avec addition d'iodure et de tampon pH 4.0. Le premier analyseur donne la concentration totale en oxydant avec la lecture A. En amont du second, on injecte une solution de nitrite en-ménageant un temps de contact de 2 minutes avant l'entrée dans l'analyseur; on mesure alors les chloramines et l'ozone, soit la lecture B. En amont du troisieme analyseur, on injecte une solution de glycine; on mesure alors le chlore libre, les chloramines et le bioxyde de chlore, soit la lecture C.En amont du quatrième analyseur, on injecte un excès d'ion ammonium, un tampon pH 7.0 et de la glycine l'échantillon ainsi traité est analysé et donne la concentration en bioxyde de chlore, soit la lecture D. Le calculateur affiche les différences suivantes, en plus du bioxyde de chlore : ozone
A - C, chlore libre . A - B - D, chloramines : B + C - A.Example 6
For the analysis of a solution containing free chlorine, chloramines, ozone and chlorine dioxide, the procedure is as follows
Four amperometric analyzers are used in parallel, the first three operating with the addition of iodide and pH 4.0 buffer. The first analyzer gives the total concentration of oxidizing agent with the reading A. Upstream of the second, a nitrite solution is injected while providing a contact time of 2 minutes before entering the analyzer; the chloramines and the ozone are then measured, ie the reading B. Upstream of the third analyzer, a glycine solution is injected; free chlorine, chloramines and chlorine dioxide are then measured, i.e. reading C. Upstream of the fourth analyzer, an excess of ammonium ion is injected, a pH 7.0 buffer and glycine the sample thus treated is analyzed and gives the chlorine dioxide concentration, i.e. the reading D. The calculator displays the following differences, in addition to the chlorine dioxide: ozone
A - C, free chlorine. A - B - D, chloramines: B + C - A.
Exemple 7
Pour l'analyse d'une solution contenant du chlore libre, des chloramines, de l'ozone, du bioxyde de chlore et des chlorites, on procède de la manière suivante
En plus des quatre analyseurs décrits à l'exemple 6, on utilise un cinquième analyseur, en amont duquel on injecte une solution d'iodure et d'acide permett-ant -d-'-abaisser-7e- pH- a--1,0 pendant 2,0 minutes. Le cinquieme analyseur donne la lecture E.Example 7
For the analysis of a solution containing free chlorine, chloramines, ozone, chlorine dioxide and chlorites, proceed as follows
In addition to the four analyzers described in Example 6, a fifth analyzer is used, upstream of which is injected with a solution of iodide and acid perm-ant -d -'- lower-7th-pH- a - 1 , 0 for 2.0 minutes. The fifth analyzer gives the reading E.
Le calculateur détermine, en plus des concentrations des composés décrits à l'exemple 6, la concentration en chlorite à l'aide de la différence E - A.The calculator determines, in addition to the concentrations of the compounds described in Example 6, the chlorite concentration using the difference E - A.
On voit en definitive que le procédé de l'invention permet d'effectuer l'analyse séparée des teneurs en oxydants résiduels dans les associations les plus fréquentes de ceu-x-ci que l'on rencontre à l'issue des traitements de stérilisation des eaux. We finally see that the process of the invention makes it possible to carry out a separate analysis of the contents of residual oxidants in the most frequent combinations of these which are encountered at the end of the sterilization treatments of waters.
Bien entendu, les analyses multiples decrites pourront être effectuées par d'autres méthodes connues, si l'on n'a pas besoin d'effectuer un contrôle continu. Of course, the multiple analyzes described may be carried out by other known methods, if there is no need to carry out continuous monitoring.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7927879A FR2472751A1 (en) | 1979-11-13 | 1979-11-13 | Analysing separately for oxidants in soln. - comprising running analysis in parallel on untreated and treated samples |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7927879A FR2472751A1 (en) | 1979-11-13 | 1979-11-13 | Analysing separately for oxidants in soln. - comprising running analysis in parallel on untreated and treated samples |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2472751A1 true FR2472751A1 (en) | 1981-07-03 |
FR2472751B1 FR2472751B1 (en) | 1981-12-24 |
Family
ID=9231580
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR7927879A Granted FR2472751A1 (en) | 1979-11-13 | 1979-11-13 | Analysing separately for oxidants in soln. - comprising running analysis in parallel on untreated and treated samples |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2472751A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996015444A2 (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-05-23 | Waldemar Gottardi | Process for determining the equilibrium concentrations of halogen, halogenide, trihalogenide, hypohalogenite and hypohalogenic acid components in aqueous solutions |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3413199A (en) * | 1965-09-29 | 1968-11-26 | Fischer & Porter Co | Method for measurement of residual chlorine or the like |
GB1431537A (en) * | 1973-03-31 | 1976-04-07 | New Cosmos Electric Co | Apaaratus for measuring residual chlorine |
FR2374641A1 (en) * | 1976-12-17 | 1978-07-13 | Saunier Bernard | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AMPEROMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF THE FREE CHLORINE CONTENT OF A SOLUTION |
-
1979
- 1979-11-13 FR FR7927879A patent/FR2472751A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3413199A (en) * | 1965-09-29 | 1968-11-26 | Fischer & Porter Co | Method for measurement of residual chlorine or the like |
GB1431537A (en) * | 1973-03-31 | 1976-04-07 | New Cosmos Electric Co | Apaaratus for measuring residual chlorine |
FR2374641A1 (en) * | 1976-12-17 | 1978-07-13 | Saunier Bernard | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AMPEROMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF THE FREE CHLORINE CONTENT OF A SOLUTION |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996015444A2 (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-05-23 | Waldemar Gottardi | Process for determining the equilibrium concentrations of halogen, halogenide, trihalogenide, hypohalogenite and hypohalogenic acid components in aqueous solutions |
WO1996015444A3 (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-08-01 | Waldemar Gottardi | Process for determining the equilibrium concentrations of halogen, halogenide, trihalogenide, hypohalogenite and hypohalogenic acid components in aqueous solutions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2472751B1 (en) | 1981-12-24 |
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