FR2461429A1 - Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance - Google Patents

Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2461429A1
FR2461429A1 FR7918510A FR7918510A FR2461429A1 FR 2461429 A1 FR2461429 A1 FR 2461429A1 FR 7918510 A FR7918510 A FR 7918510A FR 7918510 A FR7918510 A FR 7918510A FR 2461429 A1 FR2461429 A1 FR 2461429A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
lamp
capacitor
discharge lamp
frequency converter
inductance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR7918510A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2461429B3 (en
Inventor
Serge Bedanian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SABIR
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SABIR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SABIR filed Critical SABIR
Priority to FR7918510A priority Critical patent/FR2461429A1/en
Publication of FR2461429A1 publication Critical patent/FR2461429A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2461429B3 publication Critical patent/FR2461429B3/fr
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M7/53832—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull arrangement
    • H02M7/53835—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull arrangement of the parallel type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

The frequency converter is for discharge lamps. The lamps may be cold or hot cathode etc. the circuit overcoming start-up problems experienced with very hot or very cold ambient temp. conditions and a less than nominal supply voltage and removes the need for metallised tubes sometimes employed in such conditions. The converter uses a normal two transistor oscillator (9) working at the desired frequency into the lamp circuit via a transformer. Starting is aided by a capacitor (C2) connected directly across the lamp (6) electrodes (7,7'). The lamp has a normal series inductance (L) to regulate normal operation of the value of 'C' being chosen such that a series resonance of the inductance and capacitor is achieved close to that of the supply frequency increasing the amplitude of the first supply cycle before firing.

Description

La présente invention concerne un perfectionnement apporté aux convertisseurs de fréquence utilisés pour l'allumage et l'alimentation d'une lampe à décharge
Il est connu d'utiliser un convertisseur de fréquence, schématiquement représenté sur la fig. 1, pour allumer et alimenter une lampe à décharge 6, convertisseur alimenté lui même par une tension continue ou une tension alternative redressée et filtrée . Le convertisseur comporte en sortie un transformateur adaptateur dtimpé- dance 9 qui fournit une tension alternative de fréquence élevée appliquée à la lampe 6 par l'intermédiaire d'une impédance L, inductive ou capacitive, qui stabilise l'arc de la lampe après allumage.The present invention relates to an improvement made to frequency converters used for lighting and supplying a discharge lamp
It is known to use a frequency converter, schematically represented in FIG. 1, to switch on and supply a discharge lamp 6, converter itself supplied by a direct voltage or an alternating voltage rectified and filtered. The converter has at its output an impedance adapter transformer 9 which supplies a high frequency alternating voltage applied to the lamp 6 by means of an impedance L, inductive or capacitive, which stabilizes the arc of the lamp after ignition.

Deux organes de commutation électroniques, par exemple les transistors T et T1, alternativement bloqués ou conducteurs, génèrent sur le primaire 3 du transformateur de sortie une tension de fréquence élevé qui se retrouve aux bornes de l'enroulement secondaire 4, compte tenu du rapport de transformation K dont le choix depend dtune part de la valeur de la tension d'alimentation du convertisseur, d'autre part de la valeur de la tension, ou de l'intensite nominale de la lampe pour la fréquence considérée .Les bornes du secondaire 4 sont reliées aux cathodes 7 et 7' de la lampe 6 par l'intermédiaire de l'impédance L dont la valeur est telle que, après allumage, le courant qui circule dans la lampe 6 soit son courant nominal à la fréquence considérée
La lampe à décharge 6 peut êtres entre autres lampes, un tube fluorescent mono-broche à cathodes froides, ou, comme reprdsente sur la figure 1, un tube à cathodes chaudes comportant deux fila- ments 7 et 7' .Les enroulements 5 et 51 du transformateur 9 sont connectée respectivement aux ponts de résistances R1 R2 R3 et R'2 Rt3 pour provoquer, alternativement, le blocage de leur transistor respectif T et Tt . La résistance R1 n'existe que dans la branche T, cette dissymetrie du schéma électrique permet le démarrage du convertisseur å la mise sous tension . Les valeurs des condensateurs C1 et Ct1 relativement aux valeurs des résistances R2 et R'2 qui leurs sont associées, déterminent la valeur de la fréquence généree.Two electronic switching members, for example the transistors T and T1, alternately blocked or conductive, generate on the primary 3 of the output transformer a high frequency voltage which is found at the terminals of the secondary winding 4, taking account of the ratio of transformation K, the choice of which depends on the one hand on the value of the supply voltage of the converter, on the other hand on the value of the voltage, or on the nominal intensity of the lamp for the frequency considered. The terminals of the secondary 4 are connected to the cathodes 7 and 7 ′ of the lamp 6 via the impedance L, the value of which is such that, after ignition, the current flowing in the lamp 6 is its nominal current at the frequency considered
The discharge lamp 6 can be, among other lamps, a single-pin fluorescent tube with cold cathodes, or, as shown in FIG. 1, a tube with hot cathodes comprising two filaments 7 and 7 ′. The windings 5 and 51 of the transformer 9 are respectively connected to the resistor bridges R1 R2 R3 and R'2 Rt3 to cause, alternatively, the blocking of their respective transistor T and Tt. Resistor R1 only exists in branch T, this asymmetry in the electrical diagram allows the converter to start up at power up. The values of capacitors C1 and Ct1 relative to the values of resistors R2 and R'2 which are associated with them, determine the value of the generated frequency.

Les circuits de blocage des transistors peuvent être différents de ceux qui viennent d'être décrits
Tous dispositifs, tels que décrits dans le principe par la figure 1, mais particularises par le fait que le secondaire est à vide à la mise sous tension fonctionnent en 2 temps
Un premier temps plus ou moins long ti, représenté sur la figure 2, correspond au pré-allumage pendant lequel le tube effluve sans être allumé, t2 étant la période tube allumé. Le courant qui traverse le tube pendant lteffluvage est très faible et le transformateur 9 est pratiquement à vide. La courbe de tension aux bornes de 4 est représentée figure 2.Elle prend l'allure d'une de charge oscillante en crête, ce qui entraine les inconvénients suivants:
La largeur a de la pointe de tension est relativement faible c'est à dire que cette pointe a peu de puissance et nécessite une tension crête Um plus élevée pour obtenir l'allumage.The transistor blocking circuits may be different from those just described
All devices, as described in principle in Figure 1, but particularized by the fact that the secondary is empty at power-up operate in 2 stages
A first time, more or less long ti, represented in FIG. 2, corresponds to the pre-ignition during which the tube emanates without being lit, t2 being the tube on period. The current flowing through the tube during the heating is very low and the transformer 9 is practically empty. The voltage curve at the terminals of 4 is shown in Figure 2.It takes the form of an oscillating load peak, which causes the following drawbacks:
The width a of the voltage spike is relatively small, that is to say that this spike has little power and requires a higher peak voltage Um to obtain ignition.

Ce manque de puissance prolonge plus ou moins la période ti d'effluvage, ce qui est désagréable pour l'utilisateur qui n'obtient pas d'allumage instantané. This lack of power more or less prolongs the steaming period ti, which is unpleasant for the user who does not obtain instant ignition.

Les filaments 7 et 7', sollicités par ces pointes ont leur dure de vie abrégée d'autant plus qu'ils sont froids. The filaments 7 and 7 ′, stressed by these points, have their shortened lifespan, the more so as they are cold.

On peut ajouter des enroulements de préchauffage 8 et 8' pour faciliter l'allumage mais cela grève le prix de l'appareil. You can add preheating windings 8 and 8 'to facilitate ignition but this increases the price of the device.

Les décharges oscillantes pendant l'effluvage sont génératrices de parasites. Oscillating discharges during effluvation generate parasites.

Le transformateur étant à vide, les oscillations ne sont pas stabilisées ce qui défavorise l'allumage. The transformer being empty, the oscillations are not stabilized which disadvantages the ignition.

Si la température ambiante est trop basse ou trop élevée, le tube fluorescent peut ne pas s'allumer surtout si la tension d'alimentation est plus faible que sa valeur nominale. Pour compenser partiellement cette inaptitude à l'allumage on doit utiliser des tubes à bande métallisée dont le prix est plus élevé. If the ambient temperature is too low or too high, the fluorescent tube may not light up, especially if the supply voltage is lower than its nominal value. To partially compensate for this inability to ignite, metallic tubes with higher prices must be used.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention permet d'éviter ces inconvénients. L'objet de l'invention est un perfectionnement apporté aux convertisseurs de fréquence, selon lequel le secondaire du transformateur de sortie est fermé sur un condensateur à travers les cathodes de la lampe. Avantageusement, la valeur de ce condensateur est accordée à celle de la self de stabilisation pour faire passer dans les cathodes, au moment de l'allumage, le courant de préchauffage normal. The device according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks. The object of the invention is an improvement made to frequency converters, according to which the secondary of the output transformer is closed on a capacitor through the cathodes of the lamp. Advantageously, the value of this capacitor is given to that of the stabilization inductor for passing the normal preheating current through the cathodes, upon ignition.

La fig. 3 décrit un tel perfectionnement. Le condensateur
C2 ferme le circuit constitué par le secondaire 4, la self L, les cathodes 7 et 7'. Compte tenu de la fréquence le choix de la valeur de C2 est tel que le circuit résonant constitué par C2 et L est proche de la résonance, le courant passant dans les cathodes 7 et 7' à la mise sous tension devant être égal au courant de pro- chauffage prévu pour ce tube soit environ une fois et demi le courant nominal .Le rectangle 9 symbolise les circuits électroniques du convertisseur qui n'ont pas été représentés puisqutils ne sont pae 11 objet de l'invention
La figure 4 montre les courbes de tension relevées sur le dispositif muni des perfectionnements objet de l'invention
Pendant la période de préallumage t1, la courbe n'est plus une décharge oscillante mais une sinusoïde parfaite, la largeur a' en crête est beaucoup plus importante que sur la fig. 2 ce qui signifie que dès la mise sous tension on dispose d'une impulsion d'allumage puissante bien qutayant une tension de crête Utm plus faible que précédemment, et d'autre part les cathodes 7 et 7' sont pré- chauffées dès le départ . Ces deux nouvelles conditions font que la période de préchauffage tl est extrêmement brève
Les inconvénients précités ont disparu : l'allumage est quasi instantané même dans des conditions d'ambiance défavorables, con jointement avec une baisse anormale de la tension d'alimentation il n'est plus nécessaire d'utiliser des tubes à bande métallise
Par ailleurs la courbe en préchauffage étant une sinusoSde il nty a plus d'émission de parasite et les cathodes étant préchauffées d'une part et sollicitées par une tension de cette plus faible pendant une durée beaucoup plus faible d'autre part, la durée de vie normale du tube n'est plus affectée . Fig. 3 describes such an improvement. The capacitor
C2 closes the circuit formed by the secondary 4, the choke L, the cathodes 7 and 7 '. Given the frequency, the choice of the value of C2 is such that the resonant circuit formed by C2 and L is close to resonance, the current passing through the cathodes 7 and 7 'at power-up must be equal to the current of pro heating provided for this tube is approximately one and a half times the nominal current. The rectangle 9 symbolizes the electronic circuits of the converter which have not been shown since they are not part of the invention
FIG. 4 shows the voltage curves noted on the device provided with the improvements which are the subject of the invention
During the pre-ignition period t1, the curve is no longer an oscillating discharge but a perfect sinusoid, the width a 'at the peak is much greater than in fig. 2 which means that as soon as the power is applied, there is a powerful ignition pulse although having a lower peak voltage Utm than previously, and on the other hand the cathodes 7 and 7 ′ are preheated from the start . These two new conditions make the warm-up period tl extremely short.
The aforementioned drawbacks have disappeared: the ignition is almost instantaneous even in unfavorable ambient conditions, together with an abnormal drop in the supply voltage it is no longer necessary to use tubes with metallized strip
Furthermore, the preheating curve being a sinusoid, there is more emission of parasite and the cathodes being preheated on the one hand and requested by a lower voltage of this for a much shorter duration on the other hand, the duration of normal tube life is no longer affected.

Claims (2)

- REVENDICATIONS  - CLAIMS i.- Perfectionnement apporté aux convertisseurs de fréquence utilisés pour l'allumage et l'alimentation d'une lampe à décharge, et comportant en sortie un transformateur adaptateur d'impédance, caractérisé en ce que le secondaire de ce transformateur est fermé sur un condensateur à travers les cathodes de la lampe. i.- Improvement brought to the frequency converters used for the ignition and the supply of a discharge lamp, and comprising at output an adapter transformer of impedance, characterized in that the secondary of this transformer is closed on a capacitor through the cathodes of the lamp. 2.- Perfectionnement selon la revendication i, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de ce condensateur est accordée à celle de la self de stabilisation pour faire passer dans les cathodes, au moment de l'alluoage, le courant de préchauffage normal.  2.- Improvement according to claim i, characterized in that the value of this capacitor is granted to that of the stabilization inductor to pass through the cathodes, at the time of ignition, the normal preheating current.
FR7918510A 1979-07-11 1979-07-11 Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance Granted FR2461429A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7918510A FR2461429A1 (en) 1979-07-11 1979-07-11 Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7918510A FR2461429A1 (en) 1979-07-11 1979-07-11 Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2461429A1 true FR2461429A1 (en) 1981-01-30
FR2461429B3 FR2461429B3 (en) 1982-05-21

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FR7918510A Granted FR2461429A1 (en) 1979-07-11 1979-07-11 Discharge lamp frequency converter - uses parallel capacitor to achieve resonance with regulating inductance

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0092654A2 (en) * 1981-04-14 1983-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ballast apparatus
FR2611326A1 (en) * 1987-02-24 1988-08-26 Courier De Mere Henri Electronic ballast
EP1257154A2 (en) * 2001-05-11 2002-11-13 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Light source device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0092654A2 (en) * 1981-04-14 1983-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ballast apparatus
EP0092654A3 (en) * 1981-04-14 1984-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ballast apparatus
FR2611326A1 (en) * 1987-02-24 1988-08-26 Courier De Mere Henri Electronic ballast
EP1257154A2 (en) * 2001-05-11 2002-11-13 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Light source device
EP1257154A3 (en) * 2001-05-11 2004-05-12 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Light source device
EP1809080A1 (en) * 2001-05-11 2007-07-18 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Light source device

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Publication number Publication date
FR2461429B3 (en) 1982-05-21

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