FI90466C - Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room - Google Patents

Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room Download PDF

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Publication number
FI90466C
FI90466C FI910729A FI910729A FI90466C FI 90466 C FI90466 C FI 90466C FI 910729 A FI910729 A FI 910729A FI 910729 A FI910729 A FI 910729A FI 90466 C FI90466 C FI 90466C
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
air
flow
distribution device
room
inlet
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FI910729A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI90466B (en
FI910729A0 (en
FI910729A (en
Inventor
Seppo Juhani Leskinen
Tapani Eino Antero Ahokas
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Ilmateollisuus Oy
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Publication date
Application filed by Ilmateollisuus Oy filed Critical Ilmateollisuus Oy
Publication of FI910729A0 publication Critical patent/FI910729A0/en
Priority to FI910729A priority Critical patent/FI90466C/en
Priority to EP92905042A priority patent/EP0571478B1/en
Priority to PCT/FI1992/000037 priority patent/WO1992014973A1/en
Priority to DE69219320T priority patent/DE69219320T2/en
Priority to DK92905042.5T priority patent/DK0571478T3/en
Priority to AT92905042T priority patent/ATE152232T1/en
Priority to AU12575/92A priority patent/AU1257592A/en
Publication of FI910729A publication Critical patent/FI910729A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI90466B publication Critical patent/FI90466B/en
Publication of FI90466C publication Critical patent/FI90466C/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F13/068—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser formed as perforated walls, ceilings or floors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F2013/0608—Perforated ducts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

A method of introducing air into a room by passing supply air (A) into a distribution device (1) ending in the room (2) and by blowing the air from the distribution device through air supply openings (8, 9) into the room. In order to control the introduction of air even when the supply air is considerably warmer than the room air, the supply air is introduced into the distribution device selectively through two separate independent flow paths (4, 5) into the air supply openings, whereby the supply air is subjected to flow conditions required for heating at the air supply openings (8) of one flow path and correspondingly to flow conditions required for cooling at the air supply openings (9) of the other flow path. A distribution device carrying out the method comprises at least two separate alternative flow ducts (4, 5) for supply air, the flow ducts being provided with separate air supply openings (8, 9) which provide different flow conditions in the separate flow ducts.

Description

1 904661 90466

Menetelmå ja jakolaite ilman johtamiseksi huoneeseen Tåmån keksinnon kohteena on menetelmå ilman johtamiseksi huoneeseen, jonka menetelmån mukaisesti 5 - tuloilmaa johdetaan huoneeseen paattyvaan jako- laitteeseen ja - puhalletaan jakolaitteesta sisåånpuhallusaukko-jen kautta huoneeseen, jolloin - tuloilma johdetaan jakolaitteessa ainakin kah-10 den erillisen virtaustien kautta eri sisåånpuhallusauk- koihin, ja - tuloilmalle aiheutetaan kunkin virtaustien si-saanpuhallusaukoilla toisenlaiset sisåånpuhallusolosuh-teet kuin muiden virtausteiden sisåånpuhallusaukoilla.The present invention relates to a method for introducing air into a room, according to which 5 - the supply air is led to a distributor entering the room and to different supply air vents, and - the supply air is subjected to different supply air conditions at the supply air inlets of each flow path than at the air inlet openings of the other flow paths.

15 Ilman tuomiseksi huoneeseen on kehitetty monen- laisia laitteita, jotka voidaan jakaa karkeasti kolmeen pååryhmåån:15 In order to bring air into the room, a variety of devices have been developed that can be roughly divided into three main groups:

Ns. sekoittavilla ilmanjakolaitteilla ilma tuo-daan yleensa huoneen ylaosaan yhdesta pisteesta suureh-20 kolla nopeudella erilaisten rakojen, suuttimien tai auk-kojen kautta. Niistå virtaava ilma vetåå mukaansa suuren måårån ymparoivaa huoneilmaa ja sekoittuu siihen. Koko huoneen ilmamassa joutuu nå in liikkeelle ja sekoittuu sekå låmpotilaltaan ettå epåpuhtauspitoisuudeltaan låhes 25 homogeeniseksi.With so-called mixing air distributors, air is usually introduced into the upper part of the room from a single point at a high rate through various slots, nozzles or openings. The air flowing from them draws in and mixes with a large amount of ambient room air. The air mass of the entire room is thus moved and mixed to a homogeneity of both temperature and impurity concentration.

Suuren virtausnopeuden takia syntyy helposti håi-ritsevåå ååntå. Suuria ilmasuihkuja on vaikea hallita. Mikåli ilman nopeus on liian suuri, syntyy håiritsevåå vetoa. Jos se taas on liian pieni, syntyy huoneeseen 30 helposti kuolleita alueita, joilla ilma ei vaihdu. Låm-poolojen hallintaa vaikeuttaa termisten voimien vaikutus ilmasuihkuun sekoittumisesta huolimatta. Jos tuloilma on huoneilmaa låmpimåmpåå, ilmasuihku taipuu ylospåin, jol-loin ilma huoneen alaosassa ei vaihdu. Jos ilma on kyl- 2 90466 mempåå, se taipuu alaspåin ja aiheuttaa vetoa. Huonelåm-potilan hallinta tuloilman låmpotilaa sååtåmållå on siten mahdollista vain rajoitetusti. Ilmavirtaa ei voi myoskåån kovin paljon saataa aiheuttamatta edella selos-5 tettuja haittoja.Due to the high flow rate, a disturbing sound is easily generated. Large air jets are difficult to control. If the air speed is too high, annoying traction will occur. If, on the other hand, it is too small, easily dead areas are created in the room 30 where the air does not change. The control of Låm poles is hampered by the effect of thermal forces despite mixing with the air jet. If the supply air is warmer than the room air, the air jet bends upwards, so that the air at the bottom of the room does not change. If the air is cold, it bends downwards and causes traction. Controlling the room patient by controlling the supply air temperature is thus only possible to a limited extent. Also, the airflow cannot be very much reached without causing the disadvantages described above.

Ns. syrjayttavasså ilmanjaossa ilma tuodaan pie-nella nopeudella suoraan oleskelualueelle suurehkon pin-nan kautta.In the so-called displaceable air distribution, the air is introduced at low speed directly into the living area via a relatively large surface.

Veto- ja ååniongelmilta yleenså valtytaan, mikåli 10 tulo- ja huoneilman låmpotila on saina. Jos låmpotilaero nousee 2-3 asteeseen, termiset voimat alkavat hallita virtausta. Kun tuloilma on huoneilmaa kylmempåå, virtaus "putoaa”, nopeus kasvaa termisten voimien ansiosta ja lattiatasolla syntyy vetoa. Jos tuloilma on huoneilmaa 15 låmpimåmpåå, se nousee ylos, jossa poistokin yleensa on. Seurauksena on ns. oikosulkuvirtaus ja huono ilmanvaihto oleskelualueella. Huonelampotilaa ei siten voida sanot-tavasti saataa. Koska ei ole ilmasuihkua, joka vetaisi huoneilmaa mukaansa, liikkuva ilmamassa on pieni ja vir-20 taus siten arka hairioille. Konvektiovirtaukset, ilmaa liikkeelle saavat koneet, ihmisten liikkuminen, erilai-set virtausesteet jne. saattavat hallita ilman virtauk-sia huoneessa. Seurauksena voi olla huono paikallinen ilmanvaihtuvuus. Ilmavirtaa voidaan saataa haittoja ai-25 heuttamatta laajalla alueella.Traction and sound problems are usually avoided if the 10 supply and room air temperatures are Saina. If the temperature difference rises to 2-3 degrees, thermal forces begin to control the flow. When the supply air is colder than the room air, the flow "drops", the velocity increases due to thermal forces and draft is created at floor level. Since there is no air jet that draws in the room air, the moving air mass is small and the flow is therefore sensitive to disturbances.Convection flows, air-moving machines, movement of people, various flow obstructions, etc. may control the air flow. This can result in poor local ventilation, and airflow can be achieved over a wide area without inconvenience.

Viime aikoina on kehitetty ns. aktiivinen syrjay-tys, joka poistaa osan syrjayttåvan ilmanjaon heikkouk-sista. Ilman jako on levitetty suurelle pinnalle. Ilma virtaa huoneeseen pienista suuttimista suurella nopeu-30 della ja saa liikkeelle suuren ilmamassan. Kun ilmasuih-ku pienesta suuttimesta on pieni, ei åånihaittoja suu-resta nopeudesta huolimatta synny. Ilman nopeus pienesså suihkussa laskee nopeasti, joten vetoa ei helposti esiinny. Kun suuri ilmamassa on liikkeellå, eivåt håi- 3 90466 riot vaikuta virtaukseen kuin aivan paikallisesti, joten ilmanvaihto koko tilassa on tasainen. Tulo- ja huoneil-man suuren sekoitussuhteen ansiosta lampotilaerot ta-soittuvat, joten kylmåakin tuloilmaa voidaan tuoda oles-5 kelualueelle virtauksen "putoaxnatta". Lattiavetoa ei esiinny viela 15 asteenkaan lampotilaerolla.Recently, the so-called active displacement, which eliminates some of the weaknesses of displacing air distribution. The air distribution is spread over a large surface. Air flows into the room from small nozzles at a high speed of 30 d and mobilizes a large mass of air. When the air jet from the small nozzle is small, no noise nuisance occurs despite the high speed. The speed of the air in a small shower decreases quickly, so traction is not easy. When a large air mass is in motion, the flow is not affected by the flow as well as locally, so ventilation throughout the room is even. Due to the high mixing ratio of the supply and room air, the temperature differences are equalized, so that even cold supply air can be introduced into the oles-5 coil area by the "fall" of the flow. There is still no floor draft with a temperature difference of 15 degrees.

Jos kuitenkin tuloilma on huoneilmaa huomattavas-ti låmpimåmpåa, saa voimakkaankin sekoituksen jålkeinen pieni lampotilaero ilman nousemaan pois oleskelualueel-10 ta.However, if the supply air is considerably warmer than the room air, even a small temperature difference after a strong mix will cause the air to rise out of the living area.

Ilmavirtaa voidaan saataa laajoissa rajoissa. Aktiivinen syrjaytys soveltuu siten erittain hyvin jååh-dytykseen, mutta rajoitetusti lSmmitykseen. Tåta ilitian-jakotapaa on selostettu FI-patenttijulkaisuissa 79 608, 15 73 513, 72 800 ja 71 417.Airflow can be achieved over a wide range. Active displacement is thus very well suited for cooling, but to a limited extent. This method of distributing ilitian is described in FI patent publications 79,608, 15,73,513, 72,800 and 71,417.

Taman keksinnon tarkoituksena on aikaansaada me-netelma, joka poistaa edella mainitut epakohdat ja mah-dollistaa etenkin aktiivisen syrjaytyksen moitteettoman toiminnan myos silloin, kun tuloilma on huomattavasti 20 huoneilmaa lampimåmpåå. Huoneen lampotilaa voidaan tal-loin taysin hallita ja saataa. Tama tarkoitus saavute-taan keksinnon mukaisella menetelmallå, jolle on tunnus-omaista se, ettS tuloilma johdetaan valinnaisesti yhden tai useamman erillisen itsenaisen virtaustien kautta.The object of the present invention is to provide a method which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and, in particular, enables the active operation of active displacement even when the supply air is considerably warmer than room air. The room temperature can be completely controlled and escorted. This object is achieved by the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that the supply air is optionally led through one or more separate independent flow paths.

25 Keksinto perustuu siihen ajatukseen, etta tuloil ma johdetaan jakolaitteesta huoneeseen kahta eri valin-naista virtaustieta pitkin, niin etta tuloilmalle saa-daan erilaisten sisaånvirtaussuuttimien avulla kehitet-tyå erilaiset sisManvirtausolosuhteet riippuen siita, 30 kumman virtaustien kautta ilma puhalletaan huoneeseen. Toista virtaustieta voidaan kåyttaa lammitystilanteessa ja toista jaShdytystilanteessa. Silloin kun ei tarvita lammitysta eika jaahdytystå, voidaan tuloilma johtaa osittain molempia virtausteitå pitkin.The invention is based on the idea that the supply air is led from the distributor to the room along two different optional flow paths, so that different inflow conditions are generated for the supply air by means of different inflow nozzles depending on which flow path the air is blown into. One flow path can be used in a heating situation and the other in a cooling situation. When no heating or cooling is required, the supply air can be led partly along both flow paths.

4 9 η! 6 64 9 η! 6 6

Keksinto soveltuu erikoisesti aktiiviseen syrjay-tykseen, mutta sillå voidaan parantaa myos muiden ilman-jakomenetelmien ominaisuuksia.The invention is particularly suitable for active displacement, but it can also improve the properties of other air distribution methods.

Keksinnon kohteena on myos ilmanjakolaite edellS 5 kuvatun menetelman soveltamiseksi. Talle ilmanjakolait-teelle on tunnusomaista se, etta jakolaitteessa on sul-kuvalineet virtauskanavien erottamiseksi toisistaan, ja etta kumpikin virtauskanava on muodostettu itsenaiseksi ilmanjakolaitteeksi, jotka toimivat samanaikaisesti yh-10 dessa tai erikseen.The invention also relates to an air distribution device for applying the method described above. This air distribution device is characterized in that the distribution device has shut-off means for separating the flow channels from each other, and that each flow channel is formed as independent air distribution devices which operate simultaneously together or separately.

Jakolaitteen perusajatuksena on se, etta sisåan-puhallusaukot, esimerkiksi suuttimet, on jaettu ainakin kahteen erilliseen ryhmåån, joihin tuloilma voidaan joh-taa toisistaan erillaån olevien virtauskanavien kautta. 15 Nain voi suuttimien lukumååra ja suuntaus, ilman vir-tausnopeus suuttimissa ja jopa suuttimien koko ja muoto olla erilainen kussakin ryhmassa. Samasta ilmanjakolait-teesta saadaan taten kaksi tai useampia erilaisia ilman-jakojarjestelmia, joiden ominaisuudet voivat muuttua 20 lahes portaattomasti jarjestelmasta toiseen.The basic idea of the manifold is that the inlet air openings, for example nozzles, are divided into at least two separate groups to which the supply air can be led through separate flow channels. Thus, the number and orientation of the nozzles, the air flow rate in the nozzles, and even the size and shape of the nozzles may be different in each group. Two or more different air distribution systems are obtained from the same air distribution device, the characteristics of which can change almost steplessly from one system to another.

Keksintoå selitetaan lShemmin seuraavassa viita-ten oheiseen piirustukseen, jossa kuviot 1 ja 2 esittavat keksinnon mukaisen jakolaitteen erastå toteutusmuotoa sivulta nåhtyna ja vas-25 taavasti leikkauksena pitkin kuviossa 1 olevaa viivaa II-II, kuviot 3A ja 3B esittavat kaavamaisesti huonee-seen jakolaitteesta puhalletun ilman aiheuttamaa vir-tauskuviota huoneessa jaahdytystilanteessa ja vastaavas-30 ti låmmitystilanteessa, ja kuvio 4 esittaa jakolaitteen toista toteutusmuotoa sivulta nahtynå.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a dispenser according to the invention in a side view and a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, Figures 3A and 3B schematically show air blown into a room caused by the flow pattern in the room in the cooling situation and the corresponding heating situation, and Fig. 4 shows the second embodiment of the distributor in a side view.

Piirustusten kuvioissa 1 ja 2 esitetty ilmanjakolaite kasittaå pitkanomaisen tuloputken 1, joka on toi- li 5 90466 sesta påaståån liitetty esittåmåttå jatettyyn tuloilman A sydttojarjestelmaån ja ulottuu ilmastoitavaan huonee-seen 2. Putki on asennettu vaakasuoraan oleskelualueen ylapuolelle. Tuloputki on jaettu keskeisella vålilevylla 5 3 kahteen pituussuuntaiseen puolikkaaseen, jotka muodos- tavat kaksi toisistaan eristettyM virtauskanavaa 4 ja 5, jotka påattyvåt tuloputken suljettuun paatylevyyn 6. Va-lilevyn alkupååssd on lappapellin muodostama vaihtopelti 7, joka on kaåntyv&sti laakeroitu vålilevyyn. Vaihtopel-10 ti on kåånnettåvissS kahden aariasennon vålilla, joissa vaihtopelti sulkee vaihtoehtoisesti kokonaan jommankum-man virtauskanavan. Vaihtopelti on myos asetettavissa valiasentoihin, joissa molemmat virtauskanavat ovat osittain auki. Olennaista on, etta tuloputken ylemman 15 virtauskanavan ja alemman virtauskanavan virtausten saa-tdsuunta on vastakkainen, ts. toisen kanavan virtauksen sulkeutuessa toisen kanavan virtaus avautuu. Vaihtopelti voi olla kåsikSyttdinen tai kytketty sopivaan såatolait-teeseen.The air distributor shown in Figures 1 and 2 draws an elongate inlet pipe 1 connected at its main end to a supply air supply system A not shown and extending into the air-conditioned room 2. The pipe is mounted horizontally above the living area. The inlet pipe is divided by a central spacer plate 5 3 into two longitudinal halves, which form two mutually isolated flow channels 4 and 5, which terminate in a closed end plate 6 of the inlet pipe. The interchangeable damper 10 is pivotable between two aria positions, in which the interchangeable damper alternatively completely closes one of the flow channels. The damper can also be set to the selected positions where both flow channels are partially open. It is essential that the flow direction of the flows of the upper flow channel 15 and the lower flow channel of the inlet pipe is opposite, i.e. when the flow of the second channel closes, the flow of the second channel opens. The replacement damper can be manual or connected to a suitable damper.

20 Tuloputken ylemman virtauskanavan 4 vaippapintaan on asennettu suuri maarå suuttimia 8, jotka ohjaavat tu-loilmaa sateettaisesti huoneeseen. Alemman virtauskanavan vaippapintaan on samoin asennettu lukuisia suuttimia 9, jotka mydskin ovat sMteettaissuuntaisia. Ylemman ka-25 navan suuttimet ovat virtausaukoiltaan pienempia kuin alemman kanavan suuttimet.A large number of nozzles 8 are mounted on the jacket surface of the upper flow channel 4 of the inlet pipe, which direct the supply air rainily into the room. Numerous nozzles 9 are also mounted on the jacket surface of the lower flow channel, which are also mutually parallel. The nozzles of the upper channel are smaller in flow openings than the nozzles of the lower channel.

Kuviot 1 ja 2 esittavat jakolaitteen toimintaa jaahdytystilanteessa, ts. silloin kun tuloilma A on huo-neilmaa kylmempaa. THlloin on vaihtopelti 7 kaannetty 30 sulkemaan alemman virtauskanavan 5, niin etta huoneeseen virtaa tuloilmaa vain ylemman virtauskanavan 4 suutti-mien 8 kautta.Figures 1 and 2 show the operation of the distributor in a cooling situation, i.e. when the supply air A is colder than the room air. In this case, the exchange damper 7 is bent 30 to close the lower flow channel 5, so that the supply air flows into the room only through the nozzles 8 of the upper flow channel 4.

Kuvio 3A esittaa kaavamaisesti virtauskuviota, joka syntyy huoneeseen jååhdytystilanteessa. Tuloputken 35 ylemmista suuttimista 8 lahtevat ilmasuihkut B suuntau- 6 9 Π 4 6 6 tuvat yldspåin ja sivuille ja vetavat mukaansa alhaalta-pain ns. induktioilmaa ja sekoittuvat siihen. Koska ilma suihkuissa on ymparistoa kylmempåå ja siis raskaampaa, suihkut pyrkivat taipumaan alaspain. Tuloputken alapuo-5 lella vallitsee suihkujen takia pieni alipaine, joka pyrkii taivuttamaan alaspain kaåntynyttå virtausta, jos-sa ei enåå ole låmpotila- ja tiheyseroja, sivulle ja takaisin ylospain. Eri suuntiin vaikuttavat voimat syn-nyttavat kuvion 3A mukaisen kaksoispyorrevirtauksen, 10 jossa pååvirtaussuunta keskellå on ylos- ja reunoilla alaspain. Vaikka virtausnopeudet ovat erittain pienia, ne voidaan kokeellisesti osoittaa. Kuten pakotetut pyor-revirtaukset yleensåkin, on pyorre sen synnyttåneen im-pulssin suuruuteen verrattuna erittain stabiili ja pa-15 lautuu hairidn jalkeen hyvin nopeasti alkuperåiseen muo-toonsa.Figure 3A schematically shows a flow pattern generated in a room in a cooling situation. The air jets B emanating from the upper nozzles 8 of the inlet pipe 35 are directed at the top and sides and attract a so-called bottom-down pressure. induction air and mix with it. Because the air in the showers is colder than the environment and therefore heavier, the showers tend to bend down. Below the inlet pipe there is a small vacuum due to the jets, which tends to bend down the inverted flow, if there are no longer differences in temperature and density, to the side and back upwards. The forces acting in different directions give rise to the double-circuit flow according to Fig. 3A, in which the main flow direction is up at the center and down at the edges. Although the flow rates are very low, they can be experimentally demonstrated. As with forced vortex currents in general, the vortex is very stable relative to the magnitude of the impulse it generated and recovers very quickly to its original shape after hairide.

Jakolaite toimii edellS kuvatulla tavalla viela silloinkin, kun tuloilma on hiukan huoneilmaa lampimam-paa. Tasapainotilassa alipaine tuloputken alapuolella on 20 yhta suuri kuin tiheyseron aiheuttama terminen noste. Jos lampotilaero kasvaa, virtaus taipuu ylospain, eika tuloilma enaa tule oleskelualueelle. Tilanne on monimut-kainen, si11a lampotilaeron pienetessa pyorteiden sta-biilisuus vahenee. Talloin saattaa melko pienikin hai-25 rio, virtauseste tms. kokonaan muuttaa virtausten luon-teen.The distributor still works as described above, even when the supply air is slightly warmer than the room air. In equilibrium, the vacuum below the inlet pipe is 20 equal to the thermal lift caused by the density difference. If the temperature difference increases, the flow bends upwards and the supply air no longer enters the living area. The situation is complicated, as the temperature difference decreases, the stability of the swirls decreases. In this case, even a relatively small shark, flow obstruction, etc. may completely change the nature of the currents.

Kun tuloilma on huoneilmaa låmpimåmpåcl, kaånne-tåan vaihtopelti 7 asentoon, joka on kuviossa 1 piirret-ty katkoviivoilla. Tålldin tuloilman pååsy ylempaan vir-30 tauskanavaan 4 on estetty ja tuloilmaa virtaa huoneeseen vain alemman virtauskanavan 5 suuttimista 9. Ilmasuihkut C suuntautuvat alaspain ja vetavat huoneilmaa mukaansa tuloputken ylapuolelta. Termiset voimat taivuttavat suihkuja ylospain. Jos virtauksen impulssi on valittu 35 sopivasti, muodostuu kuviossa 3B esitetty virtauskuvio.When the supply air is warmer than the room air, the exchange damper 7 is turned to the position shown in broken lines in Fig. 1. The entry of the supply air to the upper flow duct 4 is prevented and the supply air flows into the room only from the nozzles 9 of the lower flow duct 5. The air jets C are directed downwards and draw the room air from above the inlet pipe. Thermal forces bend the showers upwards. If the flow pulse is appropriately selected, the flow pattern shown in Figure 3B is formed.

li 7 90466li 7 90466

Jos molempien virtauskanavien suuttimet 8 ja 9 ovat samanlaisia, voidaan impulssiin vaikuttaa ainoas-taan muuttamalla alemman kanavan suuttimien 9 lukumaa-råå, jolloin myds virtausnopeus niissa muuttuu. Jotta 5 laminin ilma saataisiin menemaan oleskelualueelle asti, on impulssin ja virtausnopeuden suuttimissa 9 oltava yleensa selvasti suurempi kuin ylemman kanavan suuttimissa 8, ts. alempia suuttimia 9 on oltava vahemman kuin ylempia suuttimia 8. Kuvion 1 tyyppisesså ilmanjakolait-10 teessa suuttimien 9 mSMrSn vahentaminen vaikuttaa edul-lisesti myos niiden suuntaukseen. Mååran vahetessa pie-nenee ympyrånsektori, jolla suuttimia on, ja suihkut suuntautuvat enemman ja keskitetymmin alaspain.If the nozzles 8 and 9 of both flow channels are similar, the impulse can only be influenced by changing the number of the nozzles 9 of the lower channel, whereby the flow rate in them changes. In order for the air of the laminate 5 to reach the residence area, the impulse and flow rate in the nozzles 9 must generally be clearly higher than in the upper channel nozzles 8, i.e. the lower nozzles 9 must be less than the upper nozzles 8. In the air distributor type 10, the nozzle 9 advantageously also their trend. As the volume changes, the circular sector with nozzles decreases and the jets are directed more and more centrally downwards.

Virtausnopeutta alemman kanavan suuttimissa 9 ei 15 kuitenkaan voida kasvattaa rajoituksitta: painehavid tai aanitaso nousee helposti liian suureksi. Tamakin ongelma voidaan keksinnon mukaisessa jarjestelmåssa ratkaista valitsemalla suuttimet 9 toisentyyppisiksi kuin suuttimet 8 siten, etta suuttimien 9 impulssi ja erityisesti 20 ns. heittopituus on suurempi kuin suuttimien 8.However, the flow rate in the lower channel nozzles 9 cannot be increased without restrictions: the pressure drop or the sound level easily becomes too high. This problem can also be solved in the system according to the invention by choosing the nozzles 9 to be of a different type than the nozzles 8, so that the impulse of the nozzles 9 and in particular 20 ns. throw length is greater than nozzle 8.

Mm. valmistusteknisista syista voi olla edullista pitSa suuttimet 8 ja 9 samanlaisina. Virtaus saadaan halutuntyyppiseksi lisaamalla alemman kanavan suuttimien 9 joukkoon muutama suurikokoinen suutin, jotka tal-25 loin toimivat kantosuihkuina ja vievat ilman oleskelualueelle. Tallainen ratkaisu on myos siina mielessa edullinen, etta tulo- ja huoneilman sekoitussuhde sailyy suurena.For reasons of manufacturing, among other things, it may be advantageous for the pitSa nozzles 8 and 9 to be similar. The flow is obtained to the desired type by adding a few large nozzles to the nozzles 9 of the lower channel, which act as carrier jets and take the air into the living area. Such a solution is also advantageous in the sense that the mixing ratio of supply and room air remains high.

Jos alemman kanavan suuttimet 9 joudutaan mitoit-30 tamaan suurta lammitystehoa ja siis suurta lampotilaeroa vårten, joka on såadettava nollasta maksimitehoon, voi suuttimista 9 lahteva virtaus olla liian voimakas ja ai-heuttaa vetoa oleskelualueella silloin, kun lampotila-ero on pieni. Jakelulaite saadaan talloinkin toimimaan 35 moitteettomasti siten, etta paastetaan pienehko osa tu- 8 90466 loilmasta vaihtopellin 7 avulla ylemmån kanavan suutti-mien 8 kautta.If the nozzles 9 of the lower channel have to be dimensioned for a large heating power and thus a large temperature difference, which must be achieved from zero to maximum power, the flow from the nozzles 9 may be too strong and cause draft in the living area when the temperature difference is small. The dispensing device is also made to function properly in the stables by fastening a small part of the air 8 90466 by means of an exchange damper 7 through the nozzles 8 of the upper channel.

Ilmavirta ja siten myos nopeus alemman kanavan suuttimissa 9 pienenee, jolloin myos ilmasuihkun im-5 pulssi ja heittopituus pienenee. Tåmån lisaksi suutti-mista 8 hitaasti virtaava tuloilma joutuu suuttimien 9 ilmasuihkun vetåmånå sen sekoitusilmaksi, jolloin ilman låmpotila suihkussa nousee ja terminen noste kasvaa pyr-kien voimakkaammin hidastamaan alaspain suuntautunutta 10 suihkua. Lisaksi suuttimista 8 vastakkaiseen suuntaan låhtevå virtaus jarruttaa suuttimista 9 låhtevaa vir-tausta ja siten pienentåå suihkun impulssia ja heittopi-tuutta. Virtauskentta saadaan talla tavoin aina muokat-tua sellaiseksi, etta tuloilma huuhtelee koko oleskelu-15 alueen aiheuttamatta haitallista vetoa.The air flow and thus also the speed in the lower channel nozzles 9 decreases, whereby the pulse and throw length of the air jet im-5 also decrease. In addition, the slow-flowing supply air from the nozzles 8 is drawn into the mixing air by the air jets of the nozzles 9, whereby the temperature of the air in the jet rises and the thermal buoyancy tends to slow down the downward jet 10 more strongly. In addition, the flow from the nozzles 8 in the opposite direction slows down the flow from the nozzles 9 and thus reduces the jet pulse and throw length. In this way, the flow field can always be modified in such a way that the supply air flushes the entire residence area without causing a harmful draft.

Kuviossa 4 esitetty jakolaitteen toteutusmuoto poikkeaa edellå esitetystå vain siinå, etta tuloputken 1 eri virtauskanavien 4, 5 sulkuvalineena on ns. perhos-pelti 10. Tama pelti kasittaa kaksi kiinteåsti kohtisuo-20 rasti toisiaan vastaan sijaitsevaa puoliympyran muotois-ta levya, jotka on kaantyvasti laakeroitu valilevyyn kohtisuorasti sita vastaan. Pelti 10 toimii samalla ta-valla kuin edellå selitetty vaihtopelti 7.The embodiment of the distributor shown in Fig. 4 differs from the one shown only in that the closing flow means of the different flow channels 4, 5 of the inlet pipe 1 is the so-called butterfly damper 10. This damper encloses two semicircular plates fixedly perpendicular to each other and pivotally mounted on a baffle plate perpendicular to it. The damper 10 operates in the same way as the replacement damper 7 described above.

Piirustukset ja niihin liittyvå selitys on tar-25 koitettu vain havainnollistamaan keksinnon ajatusta. Yksityiskohdiltaan voivat keksinndn mukainen mentelmå ja jakolaite vaihdella patenttivaatimusten puitteissa. Jakolaitteen tuloputki voi olla poikkileikkaukseltaan myds suorakaide, soikio jne. ja pituuden suhde halkaisijaan 30 voi vaihdella. Vålilevy voi olla kulman muotoinen, kaa-reva jne. Sen ei myoskåån tarvitse olla putken keskivii-van tai suorakaideputken sivujen suuntainen pituussuun-nassa. Putki on piirretty suorana, mutta se voi olla myos kartiomainen ja siinå voi olla supistuskappaleita 35 jne. Vaihtopeltinå voi olla esimerkiksi johtosiipisåå- li 9 9 Π A 6 6 din. Tuloputken sisåånpuhallusaukot voivat suuttimien asemesta olla pelkkia aukkoja tai reikia tms.The drawings and the related explanation are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the method and dispenser according to the invention may vary within the scope of the claims. The inlet pipe of the distributor may have a rectangular cross section myds, an oval, etc., and the ratio of the length to the diameter 30 may vary. The spacer plate can be angular, curved, etc. It also does not have to be longitudinal in the longitudinal direction of the pipe centerline or the sides of the rectangular pipe. The tubes are drawn straight, but they can also be conical and may have shrink pieces 35, etc. The replacement damper can be, for example, a guide wing 9 9 Π A 6 6 din. The inlet openings of the inlet pipe can be mere openings or holes or the like instead of nozzles.

KaantyvMn vaihtopellin asemesta voidaan kayttåå ratkaisua, jossa on kiinteasti valilevyyn 3 liittyva 5 ohjauslevy. VHlilevy on laakeroitu siten, etta se kier-tyy putken 1 keskiviivan ympari. Kaantamalla valilevya 180 astetta saadaan tuloilma ohjattua joko suuttimiin 8 tai 9. Taman ratkaisun heikkous on, ettei ilmaa voida ohjata osittain suuttimiin 8 ja 9 muuttamatta olennai-10 sesti ilmasuihkujen suuntaa ja niiden synnyttamaa vir-tauskenttåå. Suurikokoisten, usein monta metriå pitkien valilevyjen laakerointi on vaikeaa ja tulee huomattavas-ti kalliimmaksi kuin kuvion 1 mukainen yksinkertainen pelti 7. Myoskin putken 1 muoto on rajoitettu.Instead of a swiveling damper, a solution with a guide plate 5 fixedly connected to the partition plate 3 can be used. The VHl plate is mounted so that it rotates around the center line of the pipe 1. By turning the baffle plate 180 degrees, the supply air can be directed to either the nozzles 8 or 9. The weakness of this solution is that the air cannot be partially directed to the nozzles 8 and 9 without substantially changing the direction of the air jets and the flow field generated by them. The bearing of large, often many meters long partitions is difficult and becomes considerably more expensive than the simple sheet 7 according to Fig. 1. The shape of the pipe 1 is also limited.

15 Jos valilevy 3 on ympyrSn kaari, jonka sade on hieman pienempi kuin putken 1 ja joka kaantyy putken keskiviivan ympMri, siita muodostuu sulkulevy, joka voidaan kaantaa sulkemaan joko suuttimet 8 tai 9. Heikkou-det ovat samat kuin edella selostetussa sovellutuksessa. 20 Etuna on pienempi painehavio, koska ilma virtaa suutti-mille putken 1 koko poikkipinnan kautta.If the baffle plate 3 is an arc of a circle whose rain is slightly less than that of the pipe 1 and which curves around the center line of the pipe, it forms a barrier plate which can be turned to close either the nozzles 8 or 9. The weaknesses are the same as in the application described above. The advantage is a smaller pressure drop because air flows to the nozzles through the entire cross-section of the pipe 1.

Valilevy 3 voidaan tehda myos kiinteaksi ja laa-keroida putki 1 kiertymaan sen ympåri. Valilevy voi tas-sa ja edellisessS sovellutuksessa olla myos putken 1 25 ulkopuolella.The baffle plate 3 can also be made fixed and the tube 1 rotated around it. The baffle plate may also be outside the tube 1 in this and the previous application.

Claims (9)

1. Forf arande for inforande av luft i ett rum, enligt vilket forfarande 5. inloppsluft (A) infors i en i rummet (2) utmyn- nande fordelningsanordning (1) och - blåses från fordelningsanordningen genom in-blåsningsbppningar (8, 9) in i rummet, varvid - inloppsluften (A) leds i fordelningsanordningen 10 (1) genom åtminstone två separata stromningsvågar (4, 5) till olika inblåsningsoppningar (8, 9), och inloppsluften bibringas vid inblåsningsopp-ningarna (8, 9) for varje stromningsvåg annorlunda in-blåsningsforhållanden (B, C) ån vid inblåsningsopp-15 ningarna for de andra stromningsvågarna, kånnetecknat dårav, att inloppsluften (A) leds valbart genom en eller flere separata sjålvståndiga stromningsvågar (4, 5).1. A method for introducing air into a room, according to which method 5. Inlet air (A) is introduced into a distribution device (1) which opens in the room (2) and - is blown from the distribution device through blow-in openings (8, 9). into the room, wherein - the inlet air (A) is conducted in the distribution device 10 (1) through at least two separate flow waves (4, 5) to different inlet openings (8, 9), and the inlet air is provided at the inlet openings (8, 9) for each flow wave differently inlet conditions (B, C) than the inlet openings for the other flow scales, characterized in that the inlet air (A) is selectively guided through one or more separate independent flow scales (4, 5). 2. Forfarande enligt patentkravet 1, k a η n e -20 tecknat dårav, att inloppsluften (A) leds valbart i en uppvårmningssituation och i en avkylningssituation genom olika stromningsvågar (4, 5).2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet air (A) is selectively conducted in a heating situation and in a cooling situation through different flow waves (4, 5). 3. Forfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kannetecknat dårav, att inloppsluften (A) leds par- 25 tiellt långs vardera stromningsvågen (4, 5), då man ej behover varken uppvårmning eller avkylning.3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet air (A) is conducted partially along each flow wave (4, 5) when neither heating nor cooling is required. 4. Fordelningsanordning for att infora luft i ett rum, vilken fordelningsanordning (1) år anslutbar till ett ror for inloppsluft (A) och år forsedd med oppningar 3 0 (8, 9) for inblåsning av inloppsluft i rummet (2) och vilken fordelningsanordning (1) har minst två separata stromningskanaler (4, 5) for inloppsluft (A), varvid de olika stromningskanalerna (4, 5) år forsedda med egna inblåsningsoppningar (8, 9) och inblåsningsoppningarna 3 5 (8, 9) år anordnade att åstadkomma åt den genom olika 13 90 4 66 stromningskanaler (4, 5) strommande inloppsluften olika inblåsningsforhållanden (B, C), kånnetecknad darav, att fordelningsanordningen har stangningsdon (7; 10. for att åtskilja stromningskanalerna (4, 5) från 5 varandra och att vardera stromningskanalen ar utford såsom en sjålvståndig luftfordelningsanordning, vilka fungerar samtidigt tillsammans eller separat.4. Distribution device for introducing air into a room, which distribution device (1) is connectable to a pipe for inlet air (A) and is provided with openings 30 (8, 9) for blowing inlet air into the room (2) and which distribution device (1) has at least two separate flow channels (4, 5) for inlet air (A), wherein the different flow channels (4, 5) are provided with their own inlet openings (8, 9) and the inlet openings 35 (8, 9) are provided provide for the inlet air flowing through different flow channels (4, 5) different inlet conditions (B, C), characterized in that the distributing device has closing means (7; 10.) to separate the flow channels (4, 5) from each other and each flow channel is challenged as a self-contained air distribution device which operates simultaneously or separately. 5. Fordelningsanordning enligt patentkravet 4, som utgors av ett ror, kånnetecknad dårav, 10 att fordelningsanordningen (1) ar uppdelad med en axiell mellanvågg (3) i två langsriktade stromningskanaler (4, 5) och att i mellanvåggens inloppsånde finns ett stång-ningsspjall (9; 10), som ar svangbart till ett någondera stromningskanalen fdr inloppsluft (A) stångande lage.Distribution device according to claim 4, characterized by a pipe, characterized in that the distribution device (1) is divided by an axial dividing wall (3) into two longitudinal flow channels (4, 5) and that in the intermediate wall inlet end there is a closing gate (9; 10), which is pivotal to any of the flow ducts of the inlet air (A) rod. 6. Fordelningsanordning enligt patentkravet 5, kannetecknad darav, att stangningsspjållets (9; 10) låge år reglerbart mellan vardera stromningskanalen stångande lågen.6. Distribution device according to claim 5, characterized in that the position of the rod damper (9; 10) is adjustable between the rods of the rod passage. 7. Fordelningsanordning enligt något av patent-20 kraven 4-6, dår instromningsoppningarna (8, 9) utgors av munstycken, kånnetecknad dårav, att de till olika stromningskanaler (4, 5) hdrande munstyckena (8, 9) år olika stora och/eller olika till sitt antal.Distribution device according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the inflow openings (8, 9) are formed of nozzles, characterized in that the nozzles (8, 9) of different flow channels (8, 9) are different in size and / or different to their number. 8. Fordelningsanordning enligt något av patent-25 kraven 4-7, kånnetecknad dårav, att de till olika stromningskanaler (4, 5) horande munstyckena (8, 9) år våsentligen motsatt riktade.Distribution device according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that the nozzles (8, 9) belonging to different flow channels (4, 5) are substantially opposite in direction.
FI910729A 1991-02-14 1991-02-14 Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room FI90466C (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI910729A FI90466C (en) 1991-02-14 1991-02-14 Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room
EP92905042A EP0571478B1 (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 A method of and a distribution device for introducing air into a room
PCT/FI1992/000037 WO1992014973A1 (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 A method of and a distribution device for introducing air into a room
DE69219320T DE69219320T2 (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 METHOD AND DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR INLETING AIR INTO A ROOM
DK92905042.5T DK0571478T3 (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 Method and ventilation device for conveying air into a room
AT92905042T ATE152232T1 (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 METHOD AND DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING AIR INTO A ROOM
AU12575/92A AU1257592A (en) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 A method of and a distribution device for introducing air into a room

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI910729A FI90466C (en) 1991-02-14 1991-02-14 Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room
FI910729 1991-02-14

Publications (4)

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FI910729A0 FI910729A0 (en) 1991-02-14
FI910729A FI910729A (en) 1992-08-15
FI90466B FI90466B (en) 1993-10-29
FI90466C true FI90466C (en) 1994-02-10

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FI910729A FI90466C (en) 1991-02-14 1991-02-14 Method and distribution device for introducing air into a room

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EP (1) EP0571478B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE152232T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1257592A (en)
DE (1) DE69219320T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0571478T3 (en)
FI (1) FI90466C (en)
WO (1) WO1992014973A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4340038A1 (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Source outlet system
FI101826B (en) * 1997-04-15 1998-08-31 Flaekt Woods Ab Equipment for distributing supply air to air-conditioned rooms
DE19722554A1 (en) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-03 Euro Air A S Air diffuser
IT1307121B1 (en) * 1999-01-28 2001-10-29 Tub Air S N C Di De Siati Luca ENVIRONMENT AIR RECIRCULATION SYSTEM, PARTICULARLY FOR CIVIL AND INDUSTRIAL MEDIUM AND LARGE CAPACITY, AND
DE20010135U1 (en) 2000-06-06 2000-08-24 LTG Aktiengesellschaft, 70435 Stuttgart Pipe air outlet
CA3085629A1 (en) 2017-12-18 2019-06-27 Bombardier Inc. Overhead flow distribution assembly for aircraft cabin
IT201800002955A1 (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-22 Oneair S R L AIR DIFFUSION DUCT, RELATED DIFFUSION DUCTING AND AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

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FR2033509A5 (en) * 1969-02-26 1970-12-04 Citroen Sa
SE370274B (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-10-07 Rinipa Ab
SE375601B (en) * 1973-03-30 1975-04-21 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab
DE7820323U1 (en) * 1978-07-06 1978-10-19 Gebrueder Trox Gmbh, 4133 Neukirchen- Vluyn CEILING OUTLET FOR AIR CONDITIONING
DE8003910U1 (en) * 1980-02-14 1980-05-22 H. Krantz Gmbh & Co, 5100 Aachen SPIRAL OUTLET FROM AN EXTERNAL PIPE AND A CORE PIPE CONCENTRICALLY ARRANGED IN IT
FI70320C (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-09-15 Rc Linja Ky LUFTFOERDELARE
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SE9002202L (en) * 1990-06-20 1991-12-21 Stratos Ventilation Prod Ab REPAIRABLE

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Publication number Publication date
AU1257592A (en) 1992-09-15
DE69219320T2 (en) 1997-09-25
WO1992014973A1 (en) 1992-09-03
FI90466B (en) 1993-10-29
DK0571478T3 (en) 1997-10-20
EP0571478B1 (en) 1997-04-23
DE69219320D1 (en) 1997-05-28
EP0571478A1 (en) 1993-12-01
FI910729A0 (en) 1991-02-14
FI910729A (en) 1992-08-15
ATE152232T1 (en) 1997-05-15

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