FI125018B - LNG-säiliö - Google Patents
LNG-säiliö Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI125018B FI125018B FI20125227A FI20125227A FI125018B FI 125018 B FI125018 B FI 125018B FI 20125227 A FI20125227 A FI 20125227A FI 20125227 A FI20125227 A FI 20125227A FI 125018 B FI125018 B FI 125018B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- valve
- lng
- valve block
- wall
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
- F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
- F17C2203/0341—Perlite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0355—Insulation thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
- F17C2205/0385—Constructional details of valves, regulators in blocks or units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
- F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
LNG tank
The invention relates to an LNG tank having an inner shell of stainless steel and an outer shell spaced at a distance from the inner shell, the said inner and outer shells defining an isolation space therebetween, the said LNG tank being provided with at least one double-walled pipe of stainless steel connected to the LNG tank, the said at least one double-walled pipe comprising a common outer wall and at least one inner pipe, the outer wall of the pipe being connected to the inner shell of the tank by means of a bellows-like pipe fitting of cold resistant material welded to the outer wall of the pipe(s) and to the inner shell of the tank, the said at least one double-walled pipe extending into a tank room associated with the tank.
The use of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as fuel for marine applications is increasing since it is an efficient way of cutting emissions. Within the next few decades, natural gas (NG) is expected to become the world's fastest growing major energy source. The driving forces behind this development are the depleting known oil reserves, increasing environmental care and the continuous tightening of emission restrictions. All major emissions can be significantly reduced to truly form an environmentally sound solution; the reduction in CO2, in particular, is difficult to achieve with conventional oil-based fuels. NG consists of methane (CH4) with minor concentrations of heavier hydrocarbons such as ethane and propane. In normal ambient conditions NG is a gas, but it can be liquefied by cooling it down to -162°C. In liquid form the specific volume is reduced significantly, which allows a reasonable size of storage tanks relative to energy content. The burning process of NG is clean. Its high hydrogen-to-coal ratio (the highest among the fossil fuels) means lower CO2 emissions compared with oil-based fuels. When NG is liquefied, all sulphur is removed, which means zero SOX emissions. The clean burning properties of NG also significantly reduce NOX and particle emissions compared with oil-based fuels. LNG is not only an environmentally sound solution, but also economically interesting at today's oil prices.
The most feasible way of storing NG in ships is in liquid form. In existing ship installations, LNG is stored in cylindrical, double-walled, insulated stainless steel tanks. The tank pressure is defined by the requirement of the engines burning the gas and is usually less than 5 bar. A higher (typically 9 bar) tank design pressure is selected due to the natural boil-off phenomenon.
Fig. 1 discloses schematically a known LNG installation for a ship 20. LNG is stored in a cylindrical^ shaped pressurized storage tank 1. The tank consists of a stainless steel inner shell, which is designed for an internal pressure, and an outer shell that acts as a secondary barrier. The outer shell can be made of either stainless steel or carbon steel. The tank is insulated with perlite/vacuum. Reference numeral 24 denotes a bunkering station from which LNG is led to the tank 1 via insulated pipes. The tank room 4 is a stainless steel barrier welded to the outer vessel of the tank 1. The tank room acts as a barrier that prevents damage to the external compartments, and facilitates quick ventilation of the evaporated gas. The LNG from the tank is evaporated and fed via a gas valve unit 21 to the engines. The main engine generators are denoted by reference numeral 22 and the switch gear by reference numeral 23. Fig. 1 is only to show an exemplary schematic arrangement for an LNG installation and, therefore, there is no detailed explanation of a control system, thrusters, propulsion units or other necessary implements required in ships. NG is a safe fuel when the proper precautions are taken.
In a liquid state LNG is not explosive, nor is it corrosive or toxic. Thus, possible spillages will not cause any lasting contamination, as the liquid will boil to gas. The low temperature, however, is an issue when considering normal ship steel, but this problem is avoided by using appropriate materials in LNG systems.
Gaseous NG is lighter than air, which means that in case of a leakage, the gas will disperse upwards and not build up in the ship's bilge. The ignition temperature of NG is relatively high (600°C) compared with diesel oil (250°C), and NG is flammable only within a small concentration range from 5% to 15% of air.
The gas fuel system of a ship includes liquid storage tanks, a vaporiser, a gas valve unit, piping and a bunkering system.
The storage tank and associated valves and piping should be located in a space designed to act as a secondary barrier in case of liquid or compressed gas leakage. The material of the bulkheads of this space should have the same design temperature as the gas tank, and the space should be designed to withstand the maximum pressure build-up or, alternatively, pressure relief venting to a safe location (mast) may be provided. The space should be capable of containing a leakage and be thermally isolated so that the surrounding hull is not exposed to unacceptable cooling in case of a leakage of liquid or compressed gas.
The natural gas is delivered to the engines as a gas but stored as a liquid. A 'tank room' is associated with a storage tank and contains the equipment for converting the liquid into a gas for safe delivery to the engines. The tank room is also considered a 'secondary barrier' since the liquid pipes are inside it.
The piping between the LNG tank and the tank room is double-walled and conventionally pipes are arranged to go through the outer shell of the LNG tank and pass into the space between the inner and outer shells of the LNG tank before they are connected to the inner shell, preferably by welding. This conventional arrangement is functional as such but it requires that the outer shell of the LNG tank is made of stainless steel since all connections to the inner shell should be inside a stainless steel cover.
The aim of the present invention is to provide an LNG tank having an improved secondary barrier for the pipes extending from the LNG tank to the tank room. This is achieved by an LNG tank having an inner shell of stainless steel and an outer shell spaced at a distance from the inner shell, the said inner and outer shells defining an isolation space therebetween, the said LNG tank being provided with at least one double-walled pipe of stainless steel connected to the LNG tank, the said at least one double-walled pipe comprising a common outer wall and at least one inner pipe, the outer wall of the pipe being connected to the inner shell of the tank by means of a bellows-like pipe fitting of cold resistant material welded to the outer wall of the pipe(s) and to the inner shell of the tank, the said at least one double-walled pipe extending into a tank room associated with the tank, characterized in that the end of the said at least one inner pipe extending into the tank room is connected to a valve means in a valve block and the end of the outer wall of the pipe extending into the tank room is connected to the valve block to provide a continuous secondary barrier for the said at least one inner pipe between the inner shell of the tank and the valve block.
The valve block is preferably provided with built-in secondary valve barrier means or connected to a second valve block acting as secondary valve barrier means to prevent leakage of liquid or compressed gas to the tank room in case of failure of the valve means of the first valve block. By connecting, preferably by welding the end of the outer wall of the pipe extending into the tank room to the valve block, the at least one inner pipe is inside a secondary barrier continuously from the inner shell of the LNG tank to the valve block and any leakage from the inner pipe is contained within this secondary barrier. If there is only one inner pipe one valve with built-in secondary valve barrier means or two successive valves are sufficient. Thus, in this application the term "valve block" is intended to cover both a single valve and several valves in a common block.
The construction of the valve means guarantees that a secondary barrier function is built in. By using a double block and bleed valve construction with monitoring of the condition of the first and the secondary barrier can be guaranteed that any leakage from the inner pipe before the valve or in the first barrier of the valve will not lead to the whole LNG content being emptied into the tank room and causing damage to the instruments inside the tank room. The safety of the system is increased and the material costs for manufacturing the tank room are reduced since the tank room can be made less rigid as it has not to be design to carry the load of the tank room fully filled with liquid LNG.
The materials used for the bellows are stainless steels, preferably austenitic type steels. By using a bellows of stainless steel as a pipe fitting between the inner shell of the LNG tank and the outer wall of the pipe it is possible to absorb relative movement in the piping system due to difference in temperature between the outer wall of the pipe and the inner shell of the tank.
The invention will be described more closely with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a ship using LNG as fuel,
Fig. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a part of an LNG tank and a tank room associated therewith according to an embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a part of an LNG tank and a tank room associated therewith according to another embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a part of an LNG tank and a tank room associated therewith according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the LNG tank 1 comprises an inner shell 2 and an outer shell 3 defining an isolation space 14 therebetween. The isolation space 14 is under vacuum and/or filled with isolation material, such as perlite or vermiculite. A tank room 4 containing the equipment (not shown) for converting the liquid into a gas for safe delivery to the engines is associated with the tank 1, the equipment being in fluid connection with the tank via double-walled pipes to the tank. In the schematic figs. 2 and 3 are shown two inner pipes 8 and a common outer wall 9 therefore. The inner pipes 8 are spaced apart from each other as well as from the outer wall 9 defining an isolation space 15 therebetween. The isolation space 15 is, similarly to the isolation space 14 of the tank 1, under vacuum and/or filled with isolation material, such as perlite or vermiculite. At one end, the pipes 8 and the outer wall 9 penetrate the tank room and extend over a length inside thereof. The pipes 8 are connected to the valve means of a valve block 20 and the end 9a of the outer wall 9 is welded to the valve block 20 enclosing the pipes 8 inside the outer wall 9. The valve block 20 is preferably provided with built-in secondary valve barrier means (not shown in the drawings) or alternatively, as shown schematically in Fig. 3, two valve blocks 20a, 20b are arranged successively to provide said secondary barrier means. Duct mast for ventilation is shown schematically by reference sign 6.
At its other end, the common outer wall 9 of the pipes is provided with a first connection flange 11 to which a bellows 10 is connected by welding. The bellows 10 is welded at its other end to the inner shell 2 of the tank 1. The inner pipes 8 are welded directly to the inner shell 2 of the tank. The outer shell 3 of the tank is provided with a feedthrough opening for the pipe and along the periphery of the opening with a second connection flange 12 extending outwardly from the outer shell 3. The first and second connection flanges are aligned and provided with an isolation and/or sealing member 13 therebetween when connected together, e.g. by bolts (not shown). The bellows 10 and inner pipes 8 and outer wall 9 are of cold resistant materials, preferably stainless steels, but the material for the outer shell 3 of the tank 1 may be carbon steel due to the use of the protective bellows of stainless steel around the pipe feedthrough to the inside of the tank. The use of carbon steel for the outer shell will substantially reduce the manufacturing costs.
The tank room 4 can also be made of carbon steel due to the welded connection of the outer wall 9 of the pipes to the valve block 20 and the construction of the valve block including secondary barrier means.
In Fig. 4 is shown an embodiment having only one inner pipe 8 inside the outer wall 9. The inner pipe is connected to a valve seat of the first valve 20c and the outer wall 9 is connected, preferably by welding, to the body of the first valve 20c to provide a continuous secondary barrier for the inner pipe 8 between the inner shell 2 of the tank 1 and the first valve 20c. A second valve 20d is connected to the first valve to provide secondary barrier means for the valve means. It is also possible to provide the first valve 20 c with built-in secondary barrier means to omit the second valve 20d.
Claims (3)
1. LNG-säiliö (1), jossa on ruostumatonta terästä oleva sisävaippa (2) ja sisävaipas-ta (2) välin päässä oleva ulkovaippa (3), jolloin sisä-ja ulkovaippa määrittävät väliinsä eristystilan (14), joka LNG-säiliö on varustettu ainakin yhdellä ruostumatonta terästä olevalla kaksoisseinämäisellä putkella liitettynä LNG-säiliöön (1), joka mainittu ainakin yksi kaksoisseinämäinen putki käsittää yhteisen ulkoseinämän (9) ja ainakin yhden sisäputken (8), joka mainittu ainakin yksi kaksoisseinämäinen putki ulottuu mainittuun säiliöön (1) liittyvään säiliöhuoneeseen (4), tunnettu siitä, että mainitun ainakin yhden sisäputken (8) pää on ulotettu säiliöhuoneeseen (4), ja on kytketty ventti i I i I oh kossa (20; 20a, 20c) oleviin venttiilielimiin ja putken ulomman seinämän (9) säiliöhuoneeseen (4) ulottuva pää (9a) on kytketty venttiililohkoon (20; 20a, 20c) aikaansaamaan yhtäjaksoisen sekundäärisen suojuksen mainittua ainakin yhtä sisäputkea (8) varten säiliön (1) sisävaipan (2) ja venttiililohkon (20) välillä.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen LNG-säiliö (1), tunnettu siitä, että venttiililohko (20) on varustettu sisäänrakennetulla sekundäärisellä venttiilin suojuselimellä.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen LNG-säiliö (1), tunnettu siitä, että venttiililohko (20a) on kytketty toiseen venttiililohkoon (20b), joka toimii sekundäärisenä venttiilin suojuselimenä estämään nesteen tai paineistetun kaasun vuodon säiliöhuoneeseen ensimmäisen venttiililohkon (20a) venttiilielimien pettämisen tapauksessa.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20125227A FI125018B (fi) | 2012-02-29 | 2012-02-29 | LNG-säiliö |
PCT/FI2013/050021 WO2013128063A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-01-10 | Lng tank |
JP2014559268A JP5841680B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-01-10 | Lngタンク |
CN201380011554.5A CN104136828B (zh) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-01-10 | 液化天然气罐 |
KR1020147027142A KR101532895B1 (ko) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-01-10 | Lng 탱크 |
EP13702079.8A EP2820345A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-01-10 | Lng tank |
US14/473,784 US9702506B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2014-08-29 | LNG tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20125227 | 2012-02-29 | ||
FI20125227A FI125018B (fi) | 2012-02-29 | 2012-02-29 | LNG-säiliö |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FI20125227A FI20125227A (fi) | 2013-08-30 |
FI125018B true FI125018B (fi) | 2015-04-30 |
Family
ID=47630396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FI20125227A FI125018B (fi) | 2012-02-29 | 2012-02-29 | LNG-säiliö |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US9702506B2 (fi) |
EP (1) | EP2820345A1 (fi) |
JP (1) | JP5841680B2 (fi) |
KR (1) | KR101532895B1 (fi) |
CN (1) | CN104136828B (fi) |
FI (1) | FI125018B (fi) |
WO (1) | WO2013128063A1 (fi) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2015067840A1 (en) | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-14 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Method and arrangement for pressure build-up in a gas tank containing liquefied gas fuel |
WO2016097461A1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Lng tank |
CN104728595B (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-11-17 | 张家港富瑞特种装备股份有限公司 | 一种lng燃料罐 |
CN105129025A (zh) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-09 | 刘国满 | 气体储存舱的局部次屏蔽 |
EP3214356A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-06 | BV Scheepswerf Damen Gorinchem | Gas supply system in a vessel |
EP3213988B1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2019-05-08 | BV Scheepswerf Damen Gorinchem | Ship with gas fueled engine |
FR3052843B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-07-06 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
CN206171728U (zh) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-17 | 石家庄安瑞科气体机械有限公司 | Cng运输船气瓶或瓶式容器编组单元的密封装置及编组单元 |
JP6858866B2 (ja) | 2017-02-06 | 2021-04-14 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | 船舶内の燃料タンク構成 |
CN107715196A (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-23 | 王知力 | 一种嵌入辅助负压吸引模块的穿刺抽液装置 |
CN109501637B (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2021-05-28 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | 燃料泄漏处理***及燃料电池汽车 |
CN111237629B (zh) * | 2018-11-28 | 2022-04-15 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | 船用天然气储罐 |
JP2020199913A (ja) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-17 | 三井E&S造船株式会社 | 船舶 |
KR20220134282A (ko) | 2021-03-26 | 2022-10-05 | 주식회사래티스테크놀로지 | 수축 변위 흡수가 가능한 맨홀 구조 및 이를 포함하는 이중 탱크 |
FR3130928B1 (fr) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-07-05 | Faurecia Systemes Dechappement | Dispositif de stockage et d’alimentation en hydrogène et ensemble correspondant |
KR102638970B1 (ko) | 2022-11-25 | 2024-02-22 | 주식회사 래티스테크놀로지 | 변위흡수구조를 가지는 이중탱크 |
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DE8305747U1 (de) | 1983-03-01 | 1984-02-16 | Kohlensäure-Werke Rud. Buse GmbH & Co, 5462 Bad Hönningen | Vorrichtung zum waermeverlustfreien Lagern fluessiger Medien im Tieftemperaturbereich |
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JPH0820039B2 (ja) * | 1989-10-31 | 1996-03-04 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | 低温液化ガスタンク |
JPH05272698A (ja) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-10-19 | Toshiba Corp | 低温流体容器の接続部 |
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JP2006057786A (ja) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-03-02 | Iwatani Industrial Gases Corp | 液化ガスタンクの内槽支持装置 |
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WO2009023891A1 (de) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Werner Hermeling | Vorrichtung zum speichern und transportieren von kryogen verflüssigten gasen |
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US20100108687A1 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-06 | Cryogenic Fuels Inc. | Assembly and system for tank filling, withdrawal and pressure management of a cryogenic liquid |
CN101525048B (zh) * | 2009-02-27 | 2012-05-30 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Lng船上连接燃气阀组和发动机的双壁管道及其安装方法 |
CN101718391A (zh) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-06-02 | 张家港富瑞特种装备股份有限公司 | 车载瓶的内部支撑结构 |
FI122871B (fi) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-08-15 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | LNG-säiliö |
-
2012
- 2012-02-29 FI FI20125227A patent/FI125018B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2013
- 2013-01-10 CN CN201380011554.5A patent/CN104136828B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-01-10 KR KR1020147027142A patent/KR101532895B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-01-10 JP JP2014559268A patent/JP5841680B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-01-10 EP EP13702079.8A patent/EP2820345A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-01-10 WO PCT/FI2013/050021 patent/WO2013128063A1/en active Application Filing
-
2014
- 2014-08-29 US US14/473,784 patent/US9702506B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013128063A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
KR20140131372A (ko) | 2014-11-12 |
KR101532895B1 (ko) | 2015-07-01 |
US20150027137A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
JP2015515582A (ja) | 2015-05-28 |
US9702506B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
FI20125227A (fi) | 2013-08-30 |
JP5841680B2 (ja) | 2016-01-13 |
CN104136828A (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
EP2820345A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
CN104136828B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
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