FI123697B - A method and arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid - Google Patents

A method and arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
FI123697B
FI123697B FI20125341A FI20125341A FI123697B FI 123697 B FI123697 B FI 123697B FI 20125341 A FI20125341 A FI 20125341A FI 20125341 A FI20125341 A FI 20125341A FI 123697 B FI123697 B FI 123697B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
heat
flue gas
liquid
heat exchanger
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
FI20125341A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI20125341A (en
Inventor
Mika Nummila
Original Assignee
Elomatic Oy
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=47997133&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=FI123697(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Elomatic Oy filed Critical Elomatic Oy
Priority to FI20125341A priority Critical patent/FI123697B/en
Priority to EP15155223.9A priority patent/EP2949997B2/en
Priority to PL15155223.9T priority patent/PL2949997T5/en
Priority to DK15155223.9T priority patent/DK2949997T4/en
Priority to EP13161054.5A priority patent/EP2644993B2/en
Priority to DK13161054.5T priority patent/DK2644993T4/en
Priority to ES13161054T priority patent/ES2539377T5/en
Publication of FI20125341A publication Critical patent/FI20125341A/en
Publication of FI123697B publication Critical patent/FI123697B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to FIEP13161054.5T priority patent/FI2644993T4/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Description

Method and arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for transferring 5 heat from flue gas into fluid according to the preambles of the appended independent claims.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Flue gas scrubbers are widely used in heating and power plants for recovering heat from flue gas which is produced in the combustion of a fuel. In a flue gas 10 scrubber, the flue gas is cooled so that water vapour contained in the flue gas condenses and the released condensing heat may be utilised. For example, in a district heating plant the condensing heat is used to heat district heating water. Examples of heat recovery systems are described, for example, in DE 3607356 and EP 1816397.
15 Fig. 1 illustrates a known district heating plant. The plant comprises a heating boiler 101 in which fuel, such as biomass or fossil fuel, is burned. The fuel, as well as the air that is needed in the combustion process, are supplied in a controlled manner into the heating boiler 101. The heat energy that is released in the combustion of the fuel is used to heat water that flows in a district heating network. The water 20 to be heated is supplied to the heating boiler 101 through a return pipe 102, and the heated water is supplied back to the district heating network through a supply pipe 103. The district heating network distributes the heat for residential and com- ” mercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating, δ
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co The combustion of the fuel produces flue gas which is led from the heating boiler o ^ 25 101 through a pipe 104 into a flue gas scrubber 105. In the flue gas scrubber 105, ° the flue gas is passed through a heat exchange zone (also called a packing zone) £ 106 which comprises a random packing bed 107 acting as a heat and mass trans- ^ fer surface. The flue gas is cooled by spraying scrubbing water over the packing lo bed 107, as a result of which heat is released from the flue gas and recovered into
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o 30 the scrubbing water. The scrubbing water is circulated by using a pump 108
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through a circulating pipe 109 from the flue gas scrubber 105 into a heat exchanger 110, and back to the flue gas scrubber 105.
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The return water of the district heating network is divided into two portions by a three-way valve 111. The first portion of the return water is circulated via a pipe 112 through the heat exchanger 110 and then combined with the second portion of the return water. In the heat exchanger 110 heat from the scrubbing water is trans-5 ferred into the first portion of the return water. The temperature of the scrubbing water that is circulated back to the flue gas scrubber 105 depends on the temperature of the first portion of the return water.
The amount of heat that is released in the scrubbing process depends on the temperature of the scrubbing water, and the dew point of the flue gas. The dew point 10 depends on the moisture content of the flue gas. If the flue gas can be cooled under its dew point, the water vapour contained in the flue gas condenses and a large amount of heat is released and recovered into the scrubbing water. In a case where the flue gas cannot be cooled under its dew point, the flue gas scrubber acts as a humidifier and the efficiency of the heat recovery process is poor.
15 A drawback of the known district heating plant according to fig. 1 is that its heat recovery efficiency is in many situations poor due to the fact that the flue gas cannot be cooled under its dew point in the flue gas scrubber.
A known solution to improve the efficiency of the district heating plant according to fig. 1 is to equip the plant with a combustion air humidifier. The combustion air 20 humidifier improves the heat recovery capacity by increasing the moisture content of the flue gas and by leading the return water from the combustion air humidifier to another heat exchange zone of the flue gas scrubber in order to further cool the flue gas.
„ The combustion air humidifier is, however, known to have some drawbacks, such o 25 as corrosion problems in a heating boiler due to the increased moisture content, a c0 relatively high pressure drop over the combustion air system and condensation o ^ problems in the combustion air system, o
Ϊ OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION
Q_ 5 It is the main objective of the present invention to reduce or even eliminate prior c\3 30 art problems presented above, δ
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It is an objective of the present invention to provide a method and an arrangement for recovering heat from flue gas. In more detail, it is an objective of the invention to provide a method and an arrangement enabling to efficiently transfer heat from 3 flue gas into fluid, such as water of a district heating network. It is still a further objective of the invention to provide a method and an arrangement enabling to cost-effectively recover heat from flue gas.
In order to realise the above-mentioned objectives, the method and the arrange-5 ment according to the invention are characterised by what is presented in the characterising portions of the appended independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A typical method for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid according to the in-10 vention comprises passing the flue gas through a flue gas scrubber, cooling the flue gas in the flue gas scrubber with scrubbing liquid, circulating scrubbing liquid from the flue gas scrubber into a first heat exchanger and back to the flue gas scrubber, and passing a first portion of the fluid through the first heat exchanger, whereby heat from the scrubbing liquid is transferred into the first portion of the 15 fluid. A typical method according to the invention further comprises, before passing the first portion of the fluid through the first heat exchanger, transferring heat from the first portion of the fluid into a second portion of the fluid.
In a method according to the invention the fluid, such as district heating water, is divided into portions which are arranged to flow along different flow paths. The first 20 portion of the fluid is cooled before it is passed through the first heat exchanger, and the released heat (i.e. heat energy) is transferred into the second portion of the fluid. The fluid is preferably divided into two portions. The first portion of the fluid may be, for example, 10-20 %, 20-40 % or 40-70 % of the flow of the fluid, „ and it can be adjusted, for example, according to the temperature of the fluid, δ ^ 25 Because the first portion of the fluid is cooled before it passes through the first 9 heat exchanger, the temperature of the scrubbing liquid that is circulated from the
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o first heat exchanger back to the flue gas scrubber is lower compared to a method
En in which the fluid is not cooled. This has the benefit of allowing the flue gas to be cooled in the flue gas scrubber to a lower temperature, which improves the heat jjj 30 recovery capacity of the flue gas scrubber. Because in a method according to the ™ invention the flue gas can be cooled to a lower temperature, more condensation o ^ heat can be released and recovered into the scrubbing liquid. Another advantage of a method according to the invention is that the heat which is released in a cool- 4 ing process from the first portion of the fluid is transferred back to the fluid. This improves the efficiency even further.
A method according to the invention can be applied in various types of heating and power plants. Especially the invention can be applied in a district heating plant 5 which comprises a heating boiler for heating water that flows in a district heating network. In the heating boiler fuel is burned and the released heat is transferred into the district heating water. Flue gas which is produced in the combustion of the fuel is passed through a flue gas scrubber. With the method according to the invention heat from the flue gas can be efficiently recovered into the district heating 10 water.
According to an embodiment of the invention the step of transferring heat from the first portion of the fluid into the second portion of the fluid comprises passing the first portion of the fluid through an evaporator wherein heat is transferred from the first portion of the fluid into a cooling media which circulates between the evapora-15 tor and a condenser, and passing the second portion of the fluid through the condenser wherein heat is transferred from the cooling media into the second portion of the fluid.
The evaporator and the condenser form a heat pump in which heat is transferred by using the cooling media, such as ammonia (NH3, R717). In the evaporator the 20 cooling media evaporates into a gas. The gas is compressed to a higher pressure level and at the same time its temperature is increased. In the condenser the gas condenses and the condensing heat is transferred into the second portion of the fluid.
„ Because the heat pump operates with a relatively low differential temperature, o 25 very high COP (coefficient of performance) values can be achieved. For example, co if the cooling media is ammonia, the evaporating temperature is 40 °C, the con- o ^ densating temperature is 65 °C and the isentropic efficiency of the compressor is ° 87 %, the COP has a value of 9.6.
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According to an embodiment of the invention the method comprises, after passing jjj 30 the first portion of the fluid through the first heat exchanger, combining the first ™ portion of the fluid with the second portion of the fluid. The first portion of the fluid o ^ is combined with the second portion of the fluid after the second portion of the fluid is heated, that is to say after the second portion of the fluid has passed through the condenser of the heat pump.
5
According to an embodiment of the invention the method comprises circulating scrubbing liquid from the flue gas scrubber into a second heat exchanger and back to the flue gas scrubber, and passing the second portion of the fluid through the second heat exchanger, whereby heat from the scrubbing liquid is transferred into 5 the second portion of the fluid.
According to an embodiment of the invention the second portion of the fluid is passed through the second heat exchanger before the heat is transferred from the first portion of the fluid into the second portion of the fluid. An advantage of this is that it improves efficiency because the temperature of the scrubbing liquid that is 10 circulated from the second heat exchanger back to the flue gas scrubber is lower compared to a situation where the heat is transferred into the second portion of the fluid before the second heat exchanger.
According to an embodiment of the invention the flue gas is passed through a first and a second heat exchange zone of the flue gas scrubber. The first and the se-15 cond heat exchange zone are arranged one on top of the other in the flue gas scrubber. A heat exchange zone comprises a random packing bed acting as a heat and mass transfer surface. The flue gas is cooled by spraying scrubbing liquid over the packing bed, as a result of which the water vapour contained in the flue gas condenses and heat is released from the flue gas.
20 According to an embodiment of the invention the flue gas is cooled in the first heat exchange zone by the scrubbing liquid circulated through the first heat exchanger, and in the second heat exchange zone by the scrubbing liquid circulated through the second heat exchanger. The first heat exchange zone is arranged above the second heat exchange zone. Therefore, the scrubbing liquid that is circulated from £2 25 the first heat exchanger and sprayed above the first heat exchange zone passes ° through both of the heat exchange zones. The scrubbing liquid that is circulated § from the second heat exchanger and sprayed above the second heat exchange g zone passes only through the second heat exchange zone. The temperature of the x scrubbing liquid sprayed above the first heat exchange zone is lower than the cc 30 temperature of the scrubbing liquid sprayed above the second heat exchange zone. The temperature difference between the scrubbing liquids can be, for exam-£3 pie, 10-20 °C. An advantage of providing the cooling of the flue gas in two heat ^ exchange zones is that the heat pump can be dimensioned for lower capacity and therefore the operating costs are lower.
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According to an embodiment of the invention the first portion of the fluid is cooled to a temperature below 42 °C. When the first portion of the fluid is cooled below 42 °C, the scrubbing liquid that is used for cooling the flue gas is capable of releasing a large amount of condensation heat from the flue gas.
5 According to an embodiment of the invention the scrubbing liquid is scrubbing water.
According to an embodiment of the invention the fluid is district heating water. By district heating water is meant water that flows in a district heating network. Preferably, the district heating water that is applied in a method according to the inven-10 tion is return water of a district heating network, i.e. return district heating water. The return district heating water is water that returns from the district heating network to a district heating plant to be heated. The use of the return district heating water in a method according to the invention is advantageous because the water that returns from the district heating network to be heated in the district heating 15 plant has the lowest temperature within the district heating system.
The present invention also relates to an arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid. A typical arrangement according to the invention comprises a flue gas scrubber configured to cool the flue gas, which is passed through the flue gas scrubber, with scrubbing liquid, and a first heat exchanger coupled to the flue 20 gas scrubber, the first heat exchanger being configured to transfer heat from the scrubbing liquid, which is circulated between the flue gas scrubber and the first heat exchanger, into a first portion of the fluid, the first portion of the fluid being configured to pass through the first heat exchanger. A typical arrangement according to the invention further comprises a heat pump coupled to the first heat ex-£2 25 changer, the heat pump being configured to transfer heat from the first portion of ° the fluid into a second portion of the fluid.
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o ^ In the flue gas scrubber the flue gas is sprayed with the scrubbing liquid, whereby ° the water vapour contained in the flue gas condenses and the condensing heat is £ transferred into the scrubbing liquid. The scrubbing liquid is circulated by using a ^ 30 pump through the first heat exchanger in which the heat contained in the scrub- lo bing liquid is transferred into the first portion of the fluid. The fluid is divided into 5 the first and the second portion, for example, by a control valve. The heat from the C\l first portion of the fluid is transferred to the second portion of the fluid before the first portion of the fluid is supplied to the first heat exchanger.
7
An arrangement according to the invention can be arranged as a part of various types of heating and power plants. Especially an arrangement according to the invention can be arranged as a part of a district heating plant which comprises a heating boiler for heating district heating water that flows in a district heating net-5 work. In the heating boiler the fuel is burned, which produces flue gas. With the arrangement according to the invention the heat contained in the flue gas can be efficiently recovered and transferred into the district heating water.
According to an embodiment of the invention the heat pump comprises an evaporator and a condenser wherein the evaporator is coupled to the first heat exchang-10 er, the evaporator being configured to transfer heat from the first portion of the fluid, which is passed through the evaporator, into a cooling media which is configured to circulate between the evaporator and the condenser, and the condenser is configured to transfer heat from the cooling media into the second portion of the fluid, which is passed through the condenser.
15 According to an embodiment of the invention the arrangement comprises a second heat exchanger coupled to the flue gas scrubber, the second heat exchanger being configured to transfer heat from the scrubbing liquid, which is circulated between the flue gas scrubber and the second heat exchanger, into the second portion of the fluid, the second portion of the fluid being configured to pass through 20 the second heat exchanger.
According to an embodiment of the invention the flue gas scrubber comprises a first heat exchange zone and a second heat exchange zone wherein the scrubbing liquid circulated through the first heat exchanger is configured to cool the flue gas in the first heat exchange zone, and the scrubbing liquid circulated through the £2 25 second heat exchanger is configured to cool the flue gas in the second heat ex- ° change zone.
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The exemplary embodiments of the invention presented in this text are not inter-preted to pose limitations to the applicability of the appended claims. The verb “to £ comprise” is used in this text as an open limitation that does not exclude the exist- ^ 30 ence of also unrecited features. The features recited in the dependent claims are lo mutually freely combinable unless otherwise explicitly stated.
° BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to 8 its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates a district heating plant according to the prior art, 5 fig. 2 illustrates a district heating plant comprising a heat recovery arrange ment according to a first embodiment of the invention, and fig. 3 illustrates a district heating plant comprising a heat recovery arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE IN-10 VENTION
Fig. 1 has been described in detail in the description of the background of the invention. Therefore, the following discussion will focus on figs. 2 and 3.
Fig. 2 illustrates a district heating plant which comprises an arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention for transferring heat from flue gas into 15 district heating water. The district heating plant of fig. 2 differs from the district heating plant of fig. 1 in that it comprises a heat pump for cooling district heating water before it is passed through a heat exchanger.
Similarly as in fig. 1, the district heating plant of fig. 2 comprises a heating boiler 201 in which fuel is burned. The fuel and the air that are needed in the combustion 20 process are supplied into the heating boiler 201. The heat energy that is released in the combustion of the fuel is used to heat water that flows in a district heating „ network. The water to be heated is supplied to the heating boiler 201 through a o return pipe 202, and the heated water is supplied back to the district heating net- cb work through a supply pipe 203.
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0 25 The combustion of the fuel produces flue gas which is led from the heating boiler 1 201 through a pipe 204 into a flue gas scrubber 205. In the flue gas scrubber 205, the flue gas is passed through a heat exchange zone 206 which comprises a ran- c$ dom packing bed 207. The flue gas is cooled by spraying scrubbing water over the ™ packing bed 207, as a result of which heat is released from the flue gas and re- o ™ 30 covered into the scrubbing water. The scrubbing water is circulated by using a pump 208 through a circulating pipe 209 from the flue gas scrubber 205 into a heat exchanger 210, and back to the flue gas scrubber 205.
9
The return water of the district heating network is divided into two portions by a three-way valve 211. The first portion of the return water is circulated via a pipe 212 through an evaporator 213 and the heat exchanger 210, and then combined with the second portion of the return water. In the heat exchanger 210 heat from 5 the scrubbing water is transferred into the first portion of the return water.
Before the first portion of the return water is passed through the heat exchanger 210, heat from the first portion of the return water is transferred into the second portion of the return water by a heat pump which comprises the evaporator 213 and a condenser 214 through which the first portion and the second portion of the 10 return water are passed, respectively. The evaporator 213 is coupled in connection with the pipe 212 between the three-way valve 211 and the heat exchanger 210. The condenser 214 is coupled in connection with the return pipe 202 between the three-way valve 211 and the point where the first portion of the return water is combined with the second portion of the return water.
15 In the evaporator 213, heat is transferred from the first portion of the return water into a cooling media which evaporates into a gas. The cooling media is circulated between the evaporator 213 and the condenser 214 in a circulating pipe 215 by a pump 216. The circulating pipe 215 is equipped with a valve 217 for controlling the flow rate of the cooling media. In the condenser 214 the gas condenses and the 20 condensing heat is transferred into the second portion of the return water.
Fig. 3 illustrates a district heating plant which comprises an arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention for transferring heat from flue gas into district heating water. The district heating plant of fig. 3 differs from the district heating plant of fig. 2 in that it comprises another circulation circuit for the scrub- £2 25 bing water, δ
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co Similarly as in fig. 2, the district heating plant of fig. 3 comprises a heating boiler o ^ 301 in which fuel is burned. The fuel and the air that are needed in the combustion ° process are supplied into the heating boiler 301. The heat energy that is released £ in the combustion of the fuel is used to heat water that flows in a district heating ^ 30 network. The water to be heated is supplied to the heating boiler 301 through a lo return pipe 302, and the heated water is supplied back to the district heating net- 5 work through a supply pipe 303.
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Flue gas is led from the heating boiler 301 through a pipe 304 into a flue gas scrubber 305. The flue gas scrubber 305 comprises a first 306 and a second 318 10 heat exchange zone which are arranged one on top of the other. The flue gas is passed through the heat exchange zones 306, 318 which comprise random packing beds 307, 319.
The flue gas is cooled by spraying scrubbing water over the packing beds 307, 5 319, as a result of which heat is released from the flue gas and recovered into the scrubbing water. The scrubbing water is circulated by using a pump 308 through a first circulating pipe 309 from the flue gas scrubber 305 into a first heat exchanger 310, and back to the flue gas scrubber 305 to be sprayed in the first heat exchange zone 306. The scrubbing water is also circulated by using the pump 308 10 through a second circulating pipe 320 from the flue gas scrubber 305 into a second heat exchanger 321, and back to the flue gas scrubber 305 to be sprayed in the second heat exchange zone 317.
The return water of the district heating network is divided into two portions by a three-way valve 311. The first portion of the return water is circulated via a pipe 15 312 through an evaporator 313 and the first heat exchanger 310, and then com bined with the second portion of the return water. In the first heat exchanger 310 heat from the scrubbing water is transferred into the first portion of the return water. The second portion of the return water is circulated through a second heat exchanger 321 and a condenser 314. In the second heat exchanger 321 heat from 20 the scrubbing water is transferred into the second portion of the return water.
Heat from the first portion of the return water is transferred into the second portion of the return water by a heat pump which comprises the evaporator 313 and the condenser 314. The evaporator 313 is coupled in connection with the pipe 312 between the three-way valve 311 and the first heat exchanger 310. The condenser £2 25 314 is coupled in connection with the return pipe 302 between the second heat ° exchanger 321 and the point where the first portion of the return water is combined g with the second portion of the return water.
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° In the evaporator 313, heat is transferred from the first portion of the return water £ into a cooling media which evaporates into a gas. The cooling media is circulated ^ 30 between the evaporator 313 and the condenser 314 in a circulating pipe 315 by a 23 pump 316. The circulating pipe 315 is equipped with a valve 317 for controlling the
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5 flow rate of the cooling media. In the condenser 314 the gas condenses and the
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condensing heat is transferred into the second portion of the return water.
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Only advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in the figures. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted only to the examples presented above, but the invention may vary within the limits of the claims presented hereafter. Some possible embodiments of the invention 5 are described in the dependent claims, and they are not to be considered to restrict the scope of protection of the invention as such.
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Claims (12)

1. Menetelmä lämmön siirtämiseksi savukaasusta nesteeseen, jossa menetelmässä: 5. kuljetetaan savukaasua savukaasupesurin (205, 305) läpi, - jäähdytetään savukaasua savukaasupesurissa (205, 305) pesunesteellä, - kierrätetään pesunestettä savukaasupesurista (205, 305) ensimmäiseen lämmönsiirtimeen (210, 310) ja takaisin savukaasupesuriin (205, 305), ja - kuljetetaan nesteen ensimmäinen osa ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (210, 10 310) läpi, jolloin lämpöä siirtyy pesunesteestä nesteen ensimmäiseen osaan; tunnettu siitä, että menetelmässä: - ennen nesteen ensimmäisen osan kuljettamista ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (210, 310) läpi, siirretään lämpöä nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta nes- 15 teen toiseen osaan.A method for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid, comprising: 5. conveying the flue gas through the flue gas scrubber (205, 305), - cooling the flue gas in the flue gas scrubber (205, 305) with the washing liquid, and back to the flue gas scrubber (205, 305), and - passing a first portion of the liquid through the first heat exchanger (210, 10 310), whereby heat is transferred from the washing liquid to the first portion of the liquid; characterized in that, before passing the first portion of the liquid through the first heat exchanger (210, 310), heat is transferred from the first portion of the liquid to the second portion of the liquid. 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vaiheessa, jossa lämpöä siirretään nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta nesteen toiseen osaan: - kuljetetaan nesteen ensimmäinen osa höyrystimen (213, 313) läpi, jolloin lämpöä siirtyy nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta jäähdytysaineeseen, joka „ 20 kiertää höyrystimen (213,313) ja lauhduttimen (214, 314) välillä, ja δ ^ - kuljetetaan nesteen toinen osa lauhduttimen (214, 314) läpi, jolloin lämpöä 9 siirtyy jäähdytysaineesta nesteen toiseen osaan. CO C\JA method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step of transferring heat from the first portion of the liquid to the second portion of the liquid: - conveying a first portion of the liquid through the evaporator (213, 313); 213,313) to the condenser (214, 314), and δ ^ - conveys one portion of the liquid through the condenser (214, 314), whereby heat 9 is transferred from the coolant to the other portion of the liquid. CO C \ J 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että mene- CC ^ telmässä: 25. sen jälkeen, kun nesteen ensimmäinen osa on kuljetettu ensimmäisen 5 lämmönsiirtimen (210, 310) läpi, yhdistetään nesteen ensimmäinen osa CM nesteen toisen osan kanssa.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the method: 25. after the first part of the liquid is conveyed through the first 5 heat exchangers (210, 310), the first part CM of the liquid is combined with the second part of the liquid. 4. Jonkin edeltävän patenttivaatimuksen mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että menetelmässä: - kierrätetään pesunestettä savukaasupesurista (305) toiseen lämmönsiirti-meen (321) ja takaisin savu kaasu pesuri in (305), ja 5. kuljetetaan nesteen toinen osa toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) läpi, jolloin lämpöä siirtyy pesunesteestä nesteen toiseen osaan.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method: - circulates the washing liquid from the flue gas scrubber (305) to one of the heat exchangers (321) and back to the flue gas scrubber (305); through which the heat is transferred from the washing liquid to the other part of the liquid. 5. Patenttivaatimuksen 4 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että nesteen toinen osa kuljetetaan toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) läpi ennen kuin lämpöä siirretään nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta nesteen toiseen osaan.Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the second part of the liquid is conveyed through the second heat exchanger (321) before the heat is transferred from the first part of the liquid to the second part of the liquid. 6. Patenttivaatimuksen 4 tai 5 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että savu kaasu kuljetetaan savu kaasu pesuri n (305) ensimmäisen ja toisen lämmönsiirto-vyöhykkeen (306, 318) läpi.Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the flue gas is conveyed through the first and second heat transfer zones (306, 318) of the flue gas scrubber (305). 7. Patenttivaatimuksen 6 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että savukaasu jäähdytetään ensimmäisessä lämmönsiirtovyöhykkeessä (306) pesunesteellä, jota 15 kierrätetään ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (310) läpi, ja toisessa lämmönsiirto-vyöhykkeessä (318) pesunesteellä, jota kierrätetään toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) läpi.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the flue gas is cooled in the first heat transfer zone (306) with washing liquid circulated through the first heat exchanger (310) and in the second heat transfer zone (318) with washing liquid circulated through the second heat exchanger (321). 8. Jonkin edeltävän patenttivaatimuksen mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että nesteen ensimmäinen osa jäähdytetään alle 42 °C:een lämpötilaan. 20Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part of the liquid is cooled to a temperature below 42 ° C. 20 9. Järjestely lämmön siirtämiseksi savukaasusta nesteeseen, joka järjestely käsittää: CO g - savukaasupesurin (205, 305), joka on järjestetty jäähdyttämään savukaa- , sua, jota kuljetetaan savukaasupesurin (205, 305) läpi, pesunesteellä, ja o i £3 - savukaasupesuriin (205, 305) liitetyn ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (210, x 25 310), joka ensimmäinen lämmönsiirrin (210, 310) on järjestetty siirtämään lämpöä pesunesteestä, jota kierrätetään savukaasupesurin (205, 305) ja ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (210, 310) välillä, nesteen ensimmäiseen £3 osaan, joka nesteen ensimmäinen osa on järjestetty kulkemaan ensimmäi- ^ sen lämmönsiirtimen (210, 310) läpi; 30 tunnettu siitä, että järjestely käsittää: - ensimmäiseen lämmönsiirtimeen (210, 310) liitetyn lämpöpumpun, joka lämpöpumppu on järjestetty siirtämään lämpöä nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta nesteen toiseen osaan.An arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid comprising: a CO 2 flue gas scrubber (205, 305) arranged to cool the flue gas carried through the flue gas scrubber (205, 305) with a scrubbing liquid, and o £ 3 to a flue gas scrubber ( 205, 305), a first heat exchanger (210, x 3101) connected, the first heat exchanger (210, 310) being arranged to transfer heat from the washing liquid circulated between the flue gas scrubber (205, 305) and the first heat exchanger (210, 310) 3 portions, the first portion of the fluid being arranged to pass through a first heat exchanger (210, 310); 30 characterized in that the arrangement comprises: - a heat pump connected to the first heat exchanger (210, 310), which heat pump is arranged to transfer heat from the first part of the fluid to the second part of the fluid. 10. Patenttivaatimuksen 9 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että lämpöpumppu 5 käsittää höyrystimen (213, 313) ja lauhduttimen (214, 314), jolloin: - ensimmäiseen lämmönsiirtimeen (210, 310) liitetty höyrystin (213, 313) on järjestetty siirtämään lämpöä nesteen ensimmäisestä osasta, joka kuljetetaan höyrystimen (213, 313) läpi, jäähdytysaineeseen, joka on järjestetty kiertämään höyrystimen (213, 313) ja lauhduttimen (214, 314) välillä, ja 10. lauhdutin (214, 314) on järjestetty siirtämään lämpöä jäähdytysaineesta nesteen toiseen osaan, joka kuljetetaan lauhduttimen (214, 314) läpi.An arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the heat pump 5 comprises an evaporator (213, 313) and a condenser (214, 314), wherein: - the evaporator (213, 313) connected to the first heat exchanger (210, 310) is arranged to transfer heat to the liquid a first portion conveyed through an evaporator (213, 313) to a coolant arranged to circulate between the evaporator (213, 313) and a condenser (214, 314), and a 10. condenser (214, 314) arranged to transfer heat from the coolant to the second a portion which is conveyed through a condenser (214, 314). 11. Patenttivaatimuksen 9 tai 10 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että järjestely käsittää: - savukaasupesuriin (305) liitetyn toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321), joka toinen 15 lämmönsiirrin (321) on järjestetty siirtämään lämpöä pesunesteestä, jota kierrätetään savukaasupesurin (305) ja toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) välillä, nesteen toiseen osaan, nesteen toisen osan ollessa järjestetty kulkemaan toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) läpi.An arrangement according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the arrangement comprises: - a second heat exchanger (321) connected to the flue gas scrubber (305), the second heat exchanger (321) being arranged to transfer heat from the scrubbing liquid recycled to the flue gas scrubber (305); (321) between the second portion of the liquid, the second portion of the liquid being arranged to pass through the second heat exchanger (321). 12. Patenttivaatimuksen 11 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että savukaasu-20 pesuri (305) käsittää ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtovyöhykkeen (306) ja toisen läm- mönsiirtovyöhykkeen (318), jolloin ensimmäisen lämmönsiirtimen (310) läpi kierrätetty pesuneste on järjestetty jäähdyttämään savukaasua ensimmäisessä läm- co mönsiirtovyöhykkeessä (306), ja toisen lämmönsiirtimen (321) läpi kierrätetty pe- ° suneste on järjestetty jäähdyttämään savukaasua toisessa lämmönsiirtovyöhyk- § 25 keessä(318). i CO C\l X cc CL CO m CM δ CMAn arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the flue gas scrubber (305) comprises a first heat transfer zone (306) and a second heat transfer zone (318), wherein the washing fluid circulated through the first heat exchanger (310) is arranged to cool the flue gas in the first heat in the transfer zone (306), and the wash fluid circulated through the second heat exchanger (321) is arranged to cool the flue gas in the second heat transfer zone (318). i CO C \ l X cc CL CO m CM δ CM
FI20125341A 2012-03-26 2012-03-26 A method and arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid FI123697B (en)

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FI20125341A FI123697B (en) 2012-03-26 2012-03-26 A method and arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid
EP13161054.5A EP2644993B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid
PL15155223.9T PL2949997T5 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid
DK15155223.9T DK2949997T4 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and device for transferring heat from flue gas to fluid
EP15155223.9A EP2949997B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid
DK13161054.5T DK2644993T4 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and device for transferring heat from flue gas to liquid
ES13161054T ES2539377T5 (en) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Method and arrangement for transferring heat from a combustion gas to a fluid
FIEP13161054.5T FI2644993T4 (en) 2012-03-26 2023-04-20 Method and arrangement for transferring heat from flue gas into fluid

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FI20125341A FI123697B (en) 2012-03-26 2012-03-26 A method and arrangement for transferring heat from a flue gas to a liquid
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SI25059A (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-31 Univerza V Mariboru A method and a device for utilization of low-temperature sources of gas boilers with high-temperature heat pump by water/water concept
PL237763B1 (en) * 2018-04-10 2021-05-31 Nocon Zygmunt P P U H Zamech Solid fuel central heating open-flame or fire-box furnace with the waste gas filtering function
FI128210B (en) * 2018-10-04 2019-12-31 Valmet Technologies Oy Method for recovering heat from flue gas of boiler, and arrangement
CN111578301B (en) * 2019-02-19 2022-08-09 北京热科能源技术研究有限公司 Flue gas waste heat recovery system
ES2951130T3 (en) * 2019-09-30 2023-10-18 Caligo Ind Oy Arrangement and method of transferring heat
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DK2644993T4 (en) 2023-05-22
DK2949997T4 (en) 2021-02-01
EP2644993A2 (en) 2013-10-02
EP2949997B1 (en) 2017-06-07
EP2644993B1 (en) 2015-03-18
DK2644993T3 (en) 2015-06-22
EP2949997A1 (en) 2015-12-02
EP2644993A3 (en) 2013-11-06
PL2949997T3 (en) 2017-10-31
ES2539377T5 (en) 2023-09-26
ES2539377T3 (en) 2015-06-30
DK2949997T3 (en) 2017-08-14
FI20125341A (en) 2013-09-27
PL2949997T5 (en) 2024-03-25
FI2644993T4 (en) 2023-08-31
EP2949997B2 (en) 2020-11-11

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