ES8205020A1 - Aparato de electrolisis - Google Patents
Aparato de electrolisisInfo
- Publication number
- ES8205020A1 ES8205020A1 ES498111A ES498111A ES8205020A1 ES 8205020 A1 ES8205020 A1 ES 8205020A1 ES 498111 A ES498111 A ES 498111A ES 498111 A ES498111 A ES 498111A ES 8205020 A1 ES8205020 A1 ES 8205020A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- polymer electrolyte
- solid polymer
- electrolysis apparatus
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
- C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Abstract
APARATO DE ELCTROLISIS. COMPRENDE UN DIAFRAGMA DE ELCTROLITO DE POLIMERO SOLIDO, CON UN ESTRUCTURA DE ELCTRODOS CONSTITUIDA POR UNA ESTRUCTURA DE ANODO Y UNA ESTRUCTURA DE CATODO SITUADAS EN AMBOS LADOS DEL DIAFRAGMA, ESTANDO AL MENOS UNA DE DICHAS ESTRUCTURAS EN CONTACTO INTIMO CON EL DIAFRAGMA Y LLEVANDO DICHA ESTRUCTURA DE ELCTRODOS UN ELEMENTO DE REFUERZO DE SUMINISTRO DE CORRIENTE ELECTRICA. EL ELECTRODO QUE ESTA EN CONTACTO INTIMO CON EL DIAFRAGMA ESTA CONSTITUIDO POR UN SUTRATO CONDUCTOR DE LA ELECTRICIDAD IMPERMEABLE A LOS GASES Y UNA CAPA DE CATALIZADOR DE ELCTRODO EN FORMA DE PELICULA PROSA UNIDA INTEGRALMENTE AL SUSTRATO, COLOCANDO UNA CAPA INTERMEDIA ENTRE EL CATALIZADOR Y EL DIAFRAGMA FORMADA POR UN REVESTIMIENTO ANTICORROSIVO POROSO Y CONDUCTOR DE LA ELECTRICIDAD. SE UTILIZA PARA ELCTROLIZAR AGUA O SOLUCIONES ACUOSAS DE HALUROS DE METALES ALCALINOS, ACIDO CLORHIDRICO, SULFATO DE SODIO Y OTROS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16940679A JPS5693883A (en) | 1979-12-27 | 1979-12-27 | Electrolytic apparatus using solid polymer electrolyte diaphragm and preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES498111A0 ES498111A0 (es) | 1982-05-16 |
ES8205020A1 true ES8205020A1 (es) | 1982-05-16 |
Family
ID=15886002
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES498111A Expired ES8205020A1 (es) | 1979-12-27 | 1980-12-23 | Aparato de electrolisis |
ES508810A Expired ES8300880A1 (es) | 1979-12-27 | 1982-01-15 | Metodo para producir un aparato de electrolisis. |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES508810A Expired ES8300880A1 (es) | 1979-12-27 | 1982-01-15 | Metodo para producir un aparato de electrolisis. |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4457822A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0031660B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JPS5693883A (es) |
AR (1) | AR224289A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU537960B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BR8008422A (es) |
CA (1) | CA1282733C (es) |
DE (1) | DE3070401D1 (es) |
ES (2) | ES8205020A1 (es) |
IN (1) | IN153847B (es) |
MX (1) | MX148793A (es) |
MY (1) | MY103387A (es) |
PH (1) | PH22058A (es) |
Families Citing this family (63)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56156783A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1981-12-03 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Electrolytic cell for aqueous alkali chloride solution |
AU535261B2 (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1984-03-08 | Asahi Glass Company Limited | Ion exchange membrane cell |
US4293394A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1981-10-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrolytically producing chlorine using a solid polymer electrolyte-cathode unit |
US4311568A (en) * | 1980-04-02 | 1982-01-19 | General Electric Co. | Anode for reducing oxygen generation in the electrolysis of hydrogen chloride |
JPS6017833B2 (ja) * | 1980-07-11 | 1985-05-07 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 電極 |
FI72150C (fi) * | 1980-11-15 | 1987-04-13 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Alkalimetallkloridelektrolyscell. |
JPS57174482A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-10-27 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Cation exchange membrane for electrolysis |
IL67047A0 (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-02-23 | Eltech Systems Corp | Narrow gap electrolytic cells |
US4832805A (en) * | 1981-12-30 | 1989-05-23 | General Electric Company | Multi-layer structure for electrode membrane-assembly and electrolysis process using same |
US4560461A (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1985-12-24 | Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Electrolytic cell for use in electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions |
JPS58176221A (ja) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-10-15 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | 被覆を有する電解用イオン交換膜の製造方法 |
DE3370657D1 (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1987-05-07 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Process for the electrolytic production of hydrogen peroxide, and use thereof |
US4568434A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1986-02-04 | The Dow Chemical Company | Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure employing a zero gap configuration and process utilizing said cell |
US4673479A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1987-06-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Fabricated electrochemical cell |
JPH0670276B2 (ja) * | 1983-05-02 | 1994-09-07 | オロンジオ・ド・ノラ・イムピアンチ・エレットロキミシ・ソシエタ・ペル・アジオニ | 塩素発生方法及びその電解槽 |
US4871703A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1989-10-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preparation of an electrocatalyst |
US4610764A (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1986-09-09 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electrolytic cation exchange membrane |
DE3424203A1 (de) * | 1984-06-30 | 1986-01-16 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Diaphragma fuer alkalische elektrolysen und verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
US4654136A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1987-03-31 | The Dow Chemical Company | Monopolar or bipolar electrochemical terminal unit having a novel electric current transmission element |
US4822544A (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1989-04-18 | Unitd Technologies Corporation | Dry process for fabricating a unitary membrane-electrode structure |
EP0226911B1 (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1990-07-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | An improved solid polymer electrolyte electrode |
US4654104A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-03-31 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an improved solid polymer electrolyte electrode using a fluorocarbon membrane in a thermoplastic state |
US4824508A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1989-04-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an improved solid polymer electrolyte electrode using a liquid or solvent |
US4826554A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1989-05-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an improved solid polymer electrolyte electrode using a binder |
US4668371A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
US4889577A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1989-12-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an improved supported membrane/electrode structure combination wherein catalytically active particles are coated onto the membrane |
IN170542B (es) * | 1986-12-19 | 1992-04-11 | Dow Chemical Co | |
US4752370A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Supported membrane/electrode structure combination wherein catalytically active particles are coated onto the membrane |
US4738741A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-04-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming an improved membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
US5039389A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1991-08-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
US5096549A (en) * | 1987-03-08 | 1992-03-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dehumidifier and method of using |
JPS63259879A (ja) * | 1987-04-16 | 1988-10-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 浮動形磁気ヘツド |
US5047133A (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1991-09-10 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Gas electrode assembly for use in electrochemical cells and method |
IT1248564B (it) * | 1991-06-27 | 1995-01-19 | Permelec Spa Nora | Processo di decomposizione elettrochimica di sali neutri senza co-produzione di alogeni o di acido e cella di elettrolisi adatta per la sua realizzazione. |
US5246551A (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1993-09-21 | Chemetics International Company Ltd. | Electrochemical methods for production of alkali metal hydroxides without the co-production of chlorine |
US5304293A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-04-19 | Teknekron Sensor Development Corporation | Microsensors for gaseous and vaporous species |
US5296109A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1994-03-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for electrolyzing water with dual directional membrane |
JPH0668899A (ja) * | 1992-08-21 | 1994-03-11 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 高分子固体電解質型電気化学セル |
US5415888A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-05-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of imprinting catalytically active particles on membrane |
US5330860A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-07-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Membrane and electrode structure |
US5863395A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1999-01-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrochemical cell having a self-regulating gas diffusion layer |
US6071386A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2000-06-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrolysis apparatus |
DE19729429C1 (de) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-01-14 | Siemens Ag | Elektrolysevorrichtung |
JP3759406B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-15 | 2006-03-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | メタノール改質触媒、メタノール改質装置及びメタノール改質方法 |
US7326669B2 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2008-02-05 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Substrate having catalyst compositions on surfaces of opposite sides |
JP4142896B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2008-09-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 水電解セル |
WO2006033253A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | 膜電極複合体およびその製造方法、ならびに燃料電池、電子機器 |
JP5184795B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-06 | 2013-04-17 | シャープ株式会社 | 燃料電池、燃料電池システムおよび電子機器 |
SI22527A (sl) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-12-31 | Inst Jo Ef Stefan | Postopek nanosa adhezijske prevleke na substrat |
CN101821891B (zh) * | 2007-08-02 | 2014-11-26 | 夏普株式会社 | 燃料电池堆及燃料电池*** |
JP2010065271A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 給電体、及び該給電体を備える水電解スタック、及び該水電解スタックを備える水電解装置 |
US9142853B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2015-09-22 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack and electronic device provided with the same |
GB0914562D0 (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2009-09-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst layer |
US9011651B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2015-04-21 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Apparatus and method for the electrolysis of water |
WO2013126883A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Treadstone Technologies, Inc. | Corrosion resistant and electrically conductive surface of metal |
ITMI20122035A1 (it) | 2012-11-29 | 2014-05-30 | Industrie De Nora Spa | Elettrodo per evoluzione di ossigeno in processi elettrochimici industriali |
EP2961863B1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2018-01-10 | The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy | Electrochemical module configuration for the continuous acidification of alkaline water sources and recovery of co2 with continuous hydrogen gas production |
KR101336627B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-12-03 | 한국지질자원연구원 | 유로형 셀을 이용한 유로퓸 전해 환원 장치, 및 그 방법 |
CN106574382B (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2018-12-04 | 株式会社东芝 | 电极单元、电解装置和用于电解装置的电极 |
US11894566B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2024-02-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Catalyst materials for a fuel cell stack |
CN113355687B (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-05-24 | 广东石油化工学院 | 一种锡基双金属碳化物@碳纳米链核壳结构及其制备方法和应用 |
US20220407086A1 (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Anode catalyst materials for electrochemical cells |
JP2023065251A (ja) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-12 | 株式会社イープラン | 水素発生装置 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL266652A (es) * | 1960-07-11 | |||
US3864226A (en) * | 1972-10-19 | 1975-02-04 | Du Pont | Process for electrolyzing aqueous sodium or potassium ion solutions |
US4024036A (en) * | 1975-02-03 | 1977-05-17 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology | Proton permselective solid-state member and apparatus utilizing said permselective member |
CA1087546A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1980-10-14 | Robert B. Macmullin | Low voltage chlor-alkali ion exchange process for the production of chlorine |
DE2752875C2 (de) * | 1977-11-26 | 1986-05-15 | Sigri GmbH, 8901 Meitingen | Elektrode für elektrochemische Prozesse und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US4224121A (en) * | 1978-07-06 | 1980-09-23 | General Electric Company | Production of halogens by electrolysis of alkali metal halides in an electrolysis cell having catalytic electrodes bonded to the surface of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane |
US4210501A (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1980-07-01 | General Electric Company | Generation of halogens by electrolysis of hydrogen halides in a cell having catalytic electrodes bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte |
US4191618A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1980-03-04 | General Electric Company | Production of halogens in an electrolysis cell with catalytic electrodes bonded to an ion transporting membrane and an oxygen depolarized cathode |
US4276146A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-06-30 | General Electric Company | Cell having catalytic electrodes bonded to a membrane separator |
US4209368A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1980-06-24 | General Electric Company | Production of halogens by electrolysis of alkali metal halides in a cell having catalytic electrodes bonded to the surface of a porous membrane/separator |
US4248680A (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1981-02-03 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrolytic process and apparatus |
US4253922A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1981-03-03 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Cathode electrocatalysts for solid polymer electrolyte chlor-alkali cells |
US4210511A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1980-07-01 | Billings Energy Corporation | Electrolyzer apparatus and electrode structure therefor |
IT8025483A0 (it) * | 1980-10-21 | 1980-10-21 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Elettrocdi per celle ad elettrolita solido applicati sulla superficie di membrane scambiatrici di ioni e procedimentodi prparazione ed uso degli stessi. |
US4315805A (en) * | 1979-11-08 | 1982-02-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Solid polymer electrolyte chlor-alkali process |
US4299675A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1981-11-10 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for electrolyzing an alkali metal halide |
-
1979
- 1979-12-27 JP JP16940679A patent/JPS5693883A/ja active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-11-25 CA CA000365468A patent/CA1282733C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-11-27 PH PH25139A patent/PH22058A/en unknown
- 1980-12-10 AR AR283559A patent/AR224289A1/es active
- 1980-12-11 EP EP80304465A patent/EP0031660B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-11 MX MX185187A patent/MX148793A/es unknown
- 1980-12-11 DE DE8080304465T patent/DE3070401D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-12-18 US US06/217,608 patent/US4457822A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-12-22 BR BR8008422A patent/BR8008422A/pt unknown
- 1980-12-23 ES ES498111A patent/ES8205020A1/es not_active Expired
- 1980-12-24 AU AU65826/80A patent/AU537960B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-12-26 IN IN1435/CAL/80A patent/IN153847B/en unknown
-
1982
- 1982-01-15 ES ES508810A patent/ES8300880A1/es not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-06-13 US US06/503,452 patent/US4498942A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-08-29 MY MYPI88000967A patent/MY103387A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES508810A0 (es) | 1982-11-16 |
JPS5693883A (en) | 1981-07-29 |
ES498111A0 (es) | 1982-05-16 |
AR224289A1 (es) | 1981-11-13 |
DE3070401D1 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
EP0031660A1 (en) | 1981-07-08 |
CA1282733C (en) | 1991-04-09 |
MX148793A (es) | 1983-06-17 |
JPS6143436B2 (es) | 1986-09-27 |
EP0031660B1 (en) | 1985-03-27 |
US4457822A (en) | 1984-07-03 |
IN153847B (es) | 1984-08-18 |
AU537960B2 (en) | 1984-07-19 |
AU6582680A (en) | 1981-07-02 |
US4498942A (en) | 1985-02-12 |
MY103387A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
ES8300880A1 (es) | 1982-11-16 |
BR8008422A (pt) | 1981-07-14 |
PH22058A (en) | 1988-05-13 |
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