ES2953100T3 - Reinforced panel for the formation of a roof covering - Google Patents

Reinforced panel for the formation of a roof covering Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2953100T3
ES2953100T3 ES18198513T ES18198513T ES2953100T3 ES 2953100 T3 ES2953100 T3 ES 2953100T3 ES 18198513 T ES18198513 T ES 18198513T ES 18198513 T ES18198513 T ES 18198513T ES 2953100 T3 ES2953100 T3 ES 2953100T3
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
panel
plastic material
plate
layer
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
ES18198513T
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Spanish (es)
Inventor
Daniel Gallina
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Dott Gallina SRL
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Dott Gallina SRL
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Publication date
Priority claimed from IT102017000110729A external-priority patent/IT201700110729A1/en
Application filed by Dott Gallina SRL filed Critical Dott Gallina SRL
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2953100T3 publication Critical patent/ES2953100T3/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E04C2/543—Hollow multi-walled panels with integrated webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E04C2/365—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels by honeycomb structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/02—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant
    • E04D3/06—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant of glass or other translucent material; Fixing means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
    • E04D3/28—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of glass or other translucent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3488—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by frame like structures

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Panel reforzado (1) para formar una cubierta de tejado y proceso de fabricación de este panel (1), según el cual se extiende una capa continua (6) de resina retardante o intumescente sobre una superficie (5) de al menos una placa (2). de material plástico permeable a la luz; se coloca una lámina de refuerzo (3) de material inorgánico permeable a la luz sobre la capa de resina (6) antes de reticular la resina que sujeta la lámina de refuerzo (3) a la placa (2) de material plástico; la capa de resina (6) y la lámina de refuerzo (3) definen una capa homogénea (A') para sujetar partes de la placa (2) de material plástico cuando ésta alcanza, aunque sea localmente, su punto de fusión. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal)Reinforced panel (1) to form a roof covering and manufacturing process of this panel (1), according to which a continuous layer (6) of retardant or intumescent resin is spread over a surface (5) of at least one plate ( 2). of light-permeable plastic material; a reinforcing sheet (3) of light-permeable inorganic material is placed on the resin layer (6) before cross-linking the resin that holds the reinforcing sheet (3) to the plate (2) of plastic material; The resin layer (6) and the reinforcing sheet (3) define a homogeneous layer (A') to hold parts of the plate (2) of plastic material when it reaches, even locally, its melting point. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

Panel reforzado para la formación de una cubierta de techoReinforced panel for the formation of a roof covering

Campo técnicoTechnical field

La presente invención se refiere a un panel reforzado para la formación de una cubierta de techo.The present invention relates to a reinforced panel for forming a roof covering.

Antecedentes de la técnicaBackground of the technique

Tal como ya se sabe, en lo que respecta a la formación de cubiertas en general, en concreto, techos, marquesinas, galerías y tragaluces en particular, se conoce el uso de paneles para cubierta de plástico.As is already known, with regard to the formation of roofs in general, specifically roofs, canopies, galleries and skylights in particular, the use of plastic roof panels is known.

Hasta la fecha, se han usado diferentes tipos de paneles para cubierta y, en particular, paneles de pared simple o doble. Generalmente, las paredes comprenden placas elaboradas de material plástico inorgánico, por ejemplo, policarbonato compacto o en forma de panal.To date, different types of roof panels have been used and, in particular, single or double wall panels. Generally, the walls comprise plates made of inorganic plastic material, for example, compact or honeycomb polycarbonate.

Cuando el panel debe tener propiedades resistentes al fuego, es decir, cuando, en presencia de llamas, se debe evitar el desprendimiento y la caída de gotas de material plástico incandescente, se conoce el uso de un panel de pared doble y la disposición entre las paredes de una capa continua de lana de vidrio comprimida con un espesor que varía entre 20 y 200 mm y un peso que varía entre 100 y 500 g/m2When the panel must have fire-resistant properties, that is, when, in the presence of flames, the detachment and fall of drops of incandescent plastic material must be prevented, the use of a double wall panel and the arrangement between the walls of a continuous layer of compressed glass wool with a thickness varying between 20 and 200 mm and a weight varying between 100 and 500 g/m2

Los paneles conocidos del tipo mencionado anteriormente, aunque se usen, no son muy satisfactorios en términos de propiedades ópticas, tamaño y costes de producción. Además, los paneles son voluminosos debido a su espesor y pesados, pero, por encima de todo, debido al hecho de que estos son ópticamente casi opacos, tienen valores de transmisión de luz muy bajos, del orden de unos pocos puntos porcentuales. Estas características limitan en gran medida el campo de aplicación de los paneles conocidos.Known panels of the type mentioned above, even if used, are not very satisfactory in terms of optical properties, size and production costs. Furthermore, the panels are bulky due to their thickness and heavy, but above all, due to the fact that these are optically almost opaque, they have very low light transmission values, on the order of a few percentage points. These characteristics greatly limit the field of application of the known panels.

Se divulgan paneles resistentes al fuego, por ejemplo, en los documentos US 6511 730 B1 y US 4759964 A. Divulgación de la invención Fire resistant panels are disclosed, for example, in US 6511 730 B1 and US 4759964 A. Disclosure of the invention

El objeto de la presente invención consiste en proporcionar un panel reforzado para la formación de una cubierta de techo, lo que permite resolver los problemas mencionados anteriormente de una manera sencilla y económica, y, en particular, un panel reforzado que tiene una alta transparencia y, al mismo tiempo, dimensiones y costes globales bajos.The object of the present invention is to provide a reinforced panel for the formation of a roof covering, which makes it possible to solve the above-mentioned problems in a simple and economical manner, and, in particular, a reinforced panel that has high transparency and , at the same time, dimensions and low overall costs.

De acuerdo con la presente invención, se proporciona un panel reforzado para la formación de una cubierta de techo según la reivindicación 1. Preferentemente, en el panel mencionado anteriormente, la resina se interpone entre dicha superficie inferior y dicha lámina de material inorgánico o está en contacto con dicha superficie inferior. De manera conveniente, la lámina de material inorgánico comprende fibras de vidrio entretejidas.According to the present invention, there is provided a reinforced panel for forming a roof covering according to claim 1. Preferably, in the aforementioned panel, the resin is interposed between said bottom surface and said sheet of inorganic material or is in contact with said lower surface. Conveniently, the sheet of inorganic material comprises interwoven glass fibers.

Preferentemente, el panel comprende, además, una segunda lámina de material plástico permeable a la luz que se orienta hacia dicha lámina de material inorgánico y medios de sujeción para el bloqueo estable de dichas primera y segunda láminas de material plástico entre sí; en donde dicha lámina de material inorgánico permeable a la luz y dicha resina se comprimen entre dichas primera y segunda láminas de material plástico u ocupan parcialmente una cámara delimitada por las mismas láminas de material plástico.Preferably, the panel further comprises a second sheet of light-permeable plastic material that is oriented towards said sheet of inorganic material and fastening means for stable locking of said first and second sheets of plastic material with each other; wherein said sheet of inorganic material permeable to light and said resin are compressed between said first and second sheets of plastic material or partially occupy a chamber delimited by the same sheets of plastic material.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

A continuación, se describirá la invención con referencia a las Figuras adjuntas que muestran un ejemplo de una realización no limitante, en las que:The invention will now be described with reference to the attached Figures showing an example of a non-limiting embodiment, in which:

la Figura 1 muestra, esquemática y sustancialmente en bloques, una cubierta de techo provista de una primera realización preferida de un panel reforzado elaborado de acuerdo con los principios de la presente invención;Figure 1 shows, schematically and substantially in blocks, a roof covering provided with a first preferred embodiment of a reinforced panel made in accordance with the principles of the present invention;

la Figura 2 es una sección, en una escala muy ampliada, a lo largo de la línea II-II de la Figura 1;Figure 2 is a section, on a greatly enlarged scale, along line II-II of Figure 1;

la Figura 3 es similar a la Figura 2 y muestra, en sección y en una escala muy ampliada, una segunda realización preferida del panel reforzado de acuerdo con la presente invención;Figure 3 is similar to Figure 2 and shows, in section and on a greatly enlarged scale, a second preferred embodiment of the reinforced panel according to the present invention;

la Figura 4 es similar a la Figura 3 y muestra una variante de un detalle de la Figura 3; yFigure 4 is similar to Figure 3 and shows a variant of a detail of Figure 3; and

la Figura 5 muestra gráficos que muestran la variación del espectro de transmisión entre 170 - 2.500 nm, basándose en la longitud de onda de un panel tradicional y de paneles para cubierta reforzados elaborados de acuerdo con los principios de la presente invención. Figure 5 shows graphs showing the variation of the transmission spectrum between 170 - 2,500 nm, based on the wavelength of a traditional panel and reinforced roof panels made in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Mejor modo para llevar a cabo la invenciónBest way to carry out the invention

En las Figuras 1 y 2, K1 indica en su conjunto una cubierta de techo modular y, en particular, un techo modular que comprende un armazón de soporte S, por ejemplo, una estructura de metal, conocido per se y que a su vez comprende una pluralidad o malla de vigas de soporte H, siendo visible únicamente una de las mismas en las Figuras 1 y 2. El techo K1 comprende una pluralidad de paneles para cubiertas reforzados y modulares 1 y que se apoyan sobre la estructura S1, dispuestos uno al lado del otro y conectados de manera estanca entre sí.In Figures 1 and 2, K1 indicates as a whole a modular roof covering and, in particular, a modular roof comprising a support frame S, for example a metal structure, known per se and which in turn comprises a plurality or mesh of support beams H, only one of which is visible in Figures 1 and 2. The roof K1 comprises a plurality of reinforced and modular roof panels 1 and which rest on the structure S1, arranged one to the other. side by side and tightly connected to each other.

Cada panel 1 comprende una placa en forma de panal 2 de material plástico permeable a la luz, por ejemplo, un policarbonato, un PMMA u otro material polimérico transparente o semitransparente. De manera conveniente, la placa 2 es del tipo identificado con el nombre comercial ARCOPLUS 626 o una placa identificada como polivalente opal 900. En este caso y en lo que sigue, la expresión "en forma de panal" significa una placa que tiene al menos dos paredes laterales extendidas lisas o nervadas y una pluralidad de cámaras internas comunicantes o no comunicantes y/o canales formados entre las paredes laterales.Each panel 1 comprises a honeycomb plate 2 of light-permeable plastic material, for example a polycarbonate, a PMMA or another transparent or semi-transparent polymeric material. Conveniently, the plate 2 is of the type identified by the trade name ARCOPLUS 626 or a plate identified as polyvalent opal 900. In this case and in the following, the expression "honeycomb" means a plate that has at least two extended smooth or ribbed side walls and a plurality of communicating or non-communicating internal chambers and/or channels formed between the side walls.

También con referencia a las Figuras 1 y 2, el panel 1 comprende, además, una capa de material compuesto de refuerzo A' para aumentar la resistencia al fuego de la placa 2. La capa de refuerzo A' es una capa de material compuesto sin interrupción.Also referring to Figures 1 and 2, the panel 1 further comprises a reinforcing composite layer A' to increase the fire resistance of the plate 2. The reinforcing layer A' is a composite layer without interruption.

Específicamente, la capa A' comprende una lámina de refuerzo 3 de la placa 2. La lámina 3 es una lámina inorgánica, flexible y continua, es decir, libre de aberturas pasantes y es permeable a la luz. De manera conveniente, la lámina 3 está llena de vidrio y, más precisamente, comprende fibras de vidrio largas entrelazadas y no tejidas. Preferentemente, las fibras se entrelazan para formar una estructura fibrosa no tejida.Specifically, layer A' comprises a reinforcing sheet 3 of the plate 2. The sheet 3 is an inorganic, flexible and continuous sheet, that is, free of through openings and is permeable to light. Conveniently, the sheet 3 is filled with glass and, more precisely, comprises long intertwined, non-woven glass fibers. Preferably, the fibers are intertwined to form a nonwoven fibrous structure.

Como alternativa, las fibras forman una estructura de malla regular con urdimbre y trama, teniendo una malla de tal ancho que no afecte a la transmisión de luz a través de la capa A'. Preferentemente, la lámina 3 es una lámina de material conocido en el mercado como "lámina de vidrio" que tiene un peso que varía entre 10 y 100 g/m2. Preferentemente, un peso de 30 g/m2.Alternatively, the fibers form a regular mesh structure with warp and weft, having a mesh of such width that it does not affect the transmission of light through layer A'. Preferably, the sheet 3 is a sheet of material known in the market as "glass sheet" having a weight varying between 10 and 100 g/m2. Preferably, a weight of 30 g/m2.

Como alternativa, la lámina 3 tiene una estructura reticular y, en particular, comprende una red, preferentemente elaborada de material plástico o sintético análogo a las denominadas redes portayesos usadas en el campo de la construcción y que tienen mallas que varían entre 2 y 10 mm.Alternatively, the sheet 3 has a reticular structure and, in particular, comprises a network, preferably made of plastic or synthetic material analogous to the so-called plaster networks used in the construction field and which have meshes that vary between 2 and 10 mm. .

La lámina 3 se orienta hacia una superficie inferior 5 o se gira durante su uso hacia la parte inferior de la placa 2. La capa A' comprende, además, una capa continua 6 de material polimérico, de manera conveniente, una resina de expansión retardante distribuida uniformemente sobre la superficie inferior 5 y que coopera con la lámina 3. La capa A' es una capa continua u homogénea sin interrupción y se puede obtener mediante la impregnación de la lámina 3 con la resina retardante que, en este caso, también actúa como adhesivo con respecto a la placa 2.The sheet 3 is oriented towards a lower surface 5 or is rotated during use towards the lower part of the plate 2. The layer A' further comprises a continuous layer 6 of polymeric material, conveniently a retardant expansion resin. distributed uniformly on the lower surface 5 and that cooperates with the sheet 3. Layer A' is a continuous or homogeneous layer without interruption and can be obtained by impregnating the sheet 3 with the retardant resin which, in this case, also acts as adhesive with respect to plate 2.

Como alternativa, la capa A' se obtiene mediante la laminación de un material compuesto reforzado con fibra o "preimpregnado" conocido como "preimpregnado". La capa A' así formada se deposita, a continuación, sobre la superficie 5 y se conecta de manera estable a la superficie 5 por medio de un proceso químico, por ejemplo, mediante encolado, y/o de un proceso físico, por ejemplo, mediante reblandecimiento.Alternatively, layer A' is obtained by laminating a fiber-reinforced composite material or "prepreg" known as a "prepreg." The layer A' thus formed is then deposited on the surface 5 and is stably connected to the surface 5 by means of a chemical process, for example, by gluing, and/or a physical process, for example, by softening.

Independientemente de la forma de formación de la capa A' y de su conexión a la placa 2, la resina retardante consiste en una mezcla de productos o aditivos, por ejemplo, hidróxidos de metal, compuestos halogenados, compuestos orgánicos bromados, compuestos basados en fósforo o heteroátomos, organofosfatos, sistemas reticulables de UV o con sistemas reticulables para calentamiento de IR y que tienen como característica intrínseca el retardo de la llama. Regardless of the form of formation of the layer A' and its connection to the plate 2, the retardant resin consists of a mixture of products or additives, for example, metal hydroxides, halogenated compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphorus-based compounds or heteroatoms, organophosphates, UV crosslinkable systems or with crosslinkable systems for IR heating and that have flame retardancy as an intrinsic characteristic.

Como alternativa, la capa de resina retardante se reemplaza por una capa de resina intumescente o por una capa que tiene propiedades intumescentes.Alternatively, the retardant resin layer is replaced by an intumescent resin layer or by a layer that has intumescent properties.

Una formulación con propiedades intumescentes contiene cuatro ingredientes básicos y, en particular:A formulation with intumescent properties contains four basic ingredients and, in particular:

- una resina de polímero básica (aglutinante) que forma el aglutinante. La resina de polímero se puede seleccionar entre caucho natural clorado, resinas de urea-formaldehído, resinas epoxídicas, acetato de polivinilo, cloruro de polivinilideno y cloruro de polivinilo, resinas epoxídicas reforzadas con fibra de vidrio. La función básica del ligante consiste en combinar los ingredientes intumescentes y proporcionar adhesión al sustrato, de modo que estos se mantengan en contacto estrecho. El aglutinante contribuye a la formación de una estructura espumosa (incluso una estructura celular), dado que el aglutinante reblandecido por combustión constituye una masa viscosa fundida que puede incorporar y atrapar los gases emitidos por los agentes de descomposición en expansión, garantizando así una expansión controlada de la capa de carbono aislante. Resulta fundamental que los ingredientes de la mezcla intumescente mantengan su funcionalidad química durante mucho tiempo. La función del aglutinante polimérico también consiste en proteger los ingredientes intumescentes, que a menudo son sensibles al agua, proporcionando la necesaria resistencia al agua, rayos UV, abrasión, etc.; - a basic polymer resin (binder) that forms the binder. The polymer resin can be selected from chlorinated natural rubber, urea-formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinyl chloride, glass fiber reinforced epoxy resins. The basic function of the binder is to combine the intumescent ingredients and provide adhesion to the substrate, so that they remain in close contact. The binder contributes to the formation of a foam structure (even a cellular structure), since the combustion-softened binder constitutes a viscous molten mass that can incorporate and trap the gases emitted by the expanding decomposition agents, thus ensuring controlled expansion of the insulating carbon layer. It is essential that the ingredients of the intumescent mixture maintain their chemical functionality for a long time. The function of the polymeric binder is also to protect the intumescent ingredients, which are often sensitive to water, providing the necessary resistance to water, UV rays, abrasion, etc.;

- un material retardante del fuego seleccionado de un catalizador de ácido mineral que actúa como fuente de ácido inorgánico (un material inorgánico que produce un ácido mineral durante la combustión), tal como el ácido sulfúrico o el ácido fosfórico, a una temperatura comprendida entre 200 °C y 250 °C. Un ejemplo de aplicaciones intumescentes es el polifosfato de amonio;- a fire retardant material selected from a mineral acid catalyst that acts as a source of inorganic acid (an inorganic material that produces a mineral acid during combustion), such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, at a temperature between 200 °C and 250 °C. An example of intumescent applications is ammonium polyphosphate;

- una fuente de carbono. El material de fuente de carbono es un compuesto orgánico que contiene grupos hidroxilo, que se hacen reaccionar con el ácido durante la combustión. Estos son sistemas con una alta proporción de átomos de carbono en la molécula. Esta característica determina la formación de altas cantidades de "residuos" carbonosos durante la degradación. Los ejemplos de tales materiales seleccionables son almidones, alcoholes polivalentes, tales como eritritol, pentaeritritol, dipentaeritritol y tripentaeritritol, y azúcares, tales como glucosa y maltosa. El material preferible es dipentaeritritol;- a carbon source. The carbon source material is an organic compound containing hydroxyl groups, which react with the acid during combustion. These are systems with a high proportion of carbon atoms in the molecule. This characteristic determines the formation of high amounts of carbonaceous "residues" during degradation. Examples of such selectable materials are starches, polyvalent alcohols, such as erythritol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol, and sugars, such as glucose and maltose. The preferable material is dipentaerythritol;

- un agente de expansión. El agente de expansión tiene la función de descomponerse térmicamente durante la combustión mediante la liberación de gases no inflamables. La liberación de las fases gaseosas en la masa de combustión debe tener lugar exactamente en el intervalo de temperatura en el que el recubrimiento comenzó a reblandecerse y carbonizarse para formar una espuma carbonizante masiva. El agente de expansión se puede seleccionar entre sales de 2-amino-triazina, monooxalato de melamina y oxalato de dimelamina, sales, tales como oxalato de acetoguanamina, oxalato de propioguanamina, succinato de melamina y maleato de melamina.- an expansion agent. The expansion agent has the function of thermally decomposing during combustion by releasing non-flammable gases. The release of the gas phases into the combustion mass must take place exactly in the temperature range in which the coating began to soften and carbonize to form a massive carbonizing foam. The blowing agent can be selected from salts of 2-amino-triazine, melamine monooxalate and dimelamine oxalate, salts, such as acetoguanamine oxalate, propioguanamine oxalate, melamine succinate and melamine maleate.

La resina también podría comprender un agente productor de espuma, normalmente basado en nitrógeno; los ejemplos son (polifosfato de melamina o polifosfato de amonio. Mediante el uso de resinas con propiedades intumescentes, el efecto de barrera térmica se debe, por lo tanto, a la expansión y carbonización de la capa A' en la zona afectada por el fuego.The resin may also comprise a foaming agent, typically nitrogen-based; examples are (melamine polyphosphate or ammonium polyphosphate. By using resins with intumescent properties, the thermal barrier effect is therefore due to the expansion and carbonization of layer A' in the area affected by fire .

Cuando la lámina 3 está formada por una red del tipo mencionado anteriormente, la reticulación o expansión de la resina durante la combustión provoca un hinchamiento y un cierre sustancial de las aberturas de la red. De manera conveniente, las resinas intumescentes usadas incluyen polifosfato de amonio, pentaeritritol y melamina con alta potencia de expansión y propiedades retardantes del fuego. A modo de ejemplo, las resinas intumescentes pueden ser del tipo identificado en el mercado con CHAR 17, CHAR 21a CHAR 22 de la empresa Iris Coating.When the sheet 3 is formed by a network of the type mentioned above, the cross-linking or expansion of the resin during combustion causes substantial swelling and closing of the openings of the network. Conveniently, the intumescent resins used include ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine with high expansion power and fire retardant properties. As an example, intumescent resins can be of the type identified on the market with CHAR 17, CHAR 21a CHAR 22 from the company Iris Coating.

El panel 1 se forma mediante la distribución de la resina sobre la superficie 5 de la placa 2 para formar una capa continua 6 con un espesor que varía de 0,1 a 5 mm, de manera conveniente 1 mm. Sobre la capa 6, se depositan la lámina de refuerzo 3 y la misma lámina prensada 3, de modo que la capa de resina 6 incorpore al menos parcialmente la capa 3. En este momento, la resina se consolida de una manera per se conocida hasta que alcanza un perfecto estado de reticulación.The panel 1 is formed by distributing the resin over the surface 5 of the plate 2 to form a continuous layer 6 with a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 5 mm, conveniently 1 mm. On layer 6, the reinforcing sheet 3 and the same pressed sheet 3 are deposited, so that the resin layer 6 at least partially incorporates the layer 3. At this time, the resin is consolidated in a manner per se known to that reaches a perfect state of cross-linking.

En este estado, la capa de resina 6 define, ya sea sola o junto con la lámina 3, basándose en el espesor del material usado, una verdadera barrera térmica o cortafuegos, que, en caso de una fundición, incluso parcial, de la placa 2, si se invierte por una fuente de calor concentrada, retiene las gotas de material plástico fundido, evitando así su caída. De manera conveniente, el panel 1 comprende, además, una parte de amortiguación lateral indicada con 2A. De acuerdo con una variante no mostrada, el panel 1 carece de la parte de amortiguación lateral 2A.In this state, the resin layer 6 defines, either alone or together with the sheet 3, based on the thickness of the material used, a true thermal barrier or firebreak, which, in the event of a melting, even partial, of the plate 2, if inverted by a concentrated heat source, it retains the drops of molten plastic material, thus preventing their fall. Conveniently, the panel 1 further comprises a lateral cushioning portion indicated 2A. According to a variant not shown, the panel 1 lacks the lateral cushioning part 2A.

En ambas soluciones, el panel 1 comprende una parte periférica 2B de material termoaislante interpuesto entre la capa de material compuesto de refuerzo A' y cada una de las vigas de soporte H. De manera conveniente, cada parte 2B es una tira elaborada de material intumescente, por ejemplo, del tipo comercializado por la empresa MARVON. Preferentemente, cada una o al menos parte de las tiras 2B lleva una capa de material adhesivo dispuesta sobre una superficie 2B' de la tira 2B que se orienta hacia la viga de soporte H y que forma parte del panel 1 junto con la tira 2B (Figuras 1 y 2).In both solutions, the panel 1 comprises a peripheral part 2B of heat-insulating material interposed between the layer of reinforcing composite material A' and each of the support beams H. Conveniently, each part 2B is a strip made of intumescent material , for example, the type marketed by the MARVON company. Preferably, each or at least part of the strips 2B carries a layer of adhesive material arranged on a surface 2B' of the strip 2B that is oriented towards the support beam H and that forms part of the panel 1 together with the strip 2B ( Figures 1 and 2).

La realización que se muestra en la Figura 3 se refiere a un panel reforzado 10, que se diferencia del panel reforzado 1 en algunos detalles constructivos, y cuyos componentes están marcados con las mismas referencias numéricas que las partes correspondientes del panel 1.The embodiment shown in Figure 3 refers to a reinforced panel 10, which differs from the reinforced panel 1 in some construction details, and whose components are marked with the same numerical references as the corresponding parts of the panel 1.

El panel 10 comprende una segunda placa en forma de panal 11 de material plástico permeable a la luz, idéntica a la placa 2 o diferente de la placa 2 debido a su material o estructura y/o permeabilidad a la luz. La placa 11 está en contacto con la capa A' y se conecta de manera estable a la placa 2, por ejemplo, por medio de empalmes de cabeza 12, per se conocidos y no descritos con detalle, de manera conveniente elaborados de un material de metal.The panel 10 comprises a second honeycomb-shaped plate 11 of light-permeable plastic material, identical to plate 2 or different from plate 2 due to its material or structure and/or light permeability. The plate 11 is in contact with the layer A' and is stably connected to the plate 2, for example, by means of head joints 12, per se known and not described in detail, conveniently made of a material of metal.

El panel 10 es, por lo tanto, un panel laminado, en el que la capa A' está estrechamente interpuesta entre las dos placas 2 y 11.The panel 10 is therefore a laminated panel, in which the layer A' is closely interposed between the two plates 2 and 11.

Al igual que el panel 1, el panel 10 también se apoya sobre las vigas de soporte H, depositando así la placa 11 sobre las vigas H e interponiendo entre cada viga H y la placa 11 una respectiva tira 2B de material intumescente, que también se pega a la relativa viga H por medio de la capa de material adhesivo. También en esta solución, las tiras 2B y las relativas capas de material adhesivo son parte del panel 10. Like panel 1, panel 10 also rests on the support beams H, thus depositing the plate 11 on the beams H and interposing between each beam H and the plate 11 a respective strip 2B of intumescent material, which is also adheres to the relative H beam by means of the layer of adhesive material. Also in this solution, the strips 2B and the relative layers of adhesive material are part of the panel 10.

En la variante que se muestra en la Figura 4, los separadores 14, que se muestran esquemáticamente y se elaboran de manera conveniente de material de metal, se interponen entre las dos placas 2 y 11. De esta manera, las placas 2 y 11 forman entre ellas una cámara 15, que únicamente se llena parcialmente de la capa A'. La parte restante de la cámara 15 está vacía.In the variant shown in Figure 4, the spacers 14, which are shown schematically and are conveniently made of metal material, are interposed between the two plates 2 and 11. In this way, the plates 2 and 11 form among them a chamber 15, which is only partially filled with layer A'. The remaining part of chamber 15 is empty.

También con referencia a la Figura 4, entre cada capa de material compuesto de refuerzo A y cada separador 14, se pega una tira interpuesta 2C de material intumescente al separador 14 y es estructuralmente idéntica a la tira 2B. Also referring to Figure 4, between each layer of reinforcing composite material A and each spacer 14, an interposed strip 2C of intumescent material is glued to the spacer 14 and is structurally identical to strip 2B.

También en el panel 10, en caso de una fundición parcial de la placa 2, las gotas de la placa 2 no penetran en la cámara 15, que sigue cumpliendo su función tradicional.Also in panel 10, in case of partial melting of plate 2, the drops from plate 2 do not penetrate into chamber 15, which continues to fulfill its traditional function.

De acuerdo con otra variante no mostrada, la capa A' no está en contacto con la superficie 5 de la placa 2, sino que está en contacto con la superficie superior de la placa 11 que se orienta hacia la placa 2. En caso de una fundición parcial de la placa 2, las gotas de la placa 2 penetran en la cámara 15, pero permanecen en esta cámara sin afectar a la placa 11, ya que se retienen en la capa A'. En esta solución, la tira 2C se interpone entre la capa A' y el separador 14.According to another variant not shown, the layer A' is not in contact with the surface 5 of the plate 2, but is in contact with the upper surface of the plate 11 which is oriented towards the plate 2. In case of a partial melting of plate 2, the drops from plate 2 penetrate into chamber 15, but remain in this chamber without affecting plate 11, since they are retained in layer A'. In this solution, strip 2C is interposed between layer A' and spacer 14.

En caso de incendio, tanto la placa 1 como la placa 10 descritas anteriormente superan el ensayo Broof conocido como Ensayo 1 ENSAYO COMPLETO: UNE-CEN/TS 1187:2013 "Métodos de ensayo para cubiertas expuestas a fuego exterior" y, por lo tanto, permiten la formación de cubiertas modulares que no solo son permeables a la luz, sino extremadamente seguras, ya que estas evitan que el material plástico fundido de la placa 2 se derrame o gotee y alcance a las personas u objetos subyacentes en caso de incendio.In the event of fire, both plate 1 and plate 10 described above pass the Broof test known as Test 1 COMPLETE TEST: UNE-CEN/TS 1187:2013 "Test methods for roofs exposed to external fire" and, therefore , allow the formation of modular covers that are not only permeable to light, but extremely safe, since these prevent the molten plastic material of plate 2 from spilling or dripping and reaching underlying people or objects in the event of a fire.

La Figura 5 muestra diversas curvas, que se han obtenido experimentalmente y que muestren las tendencias de transmitancia o espectro de transmisión entre 170 y 2.500 nanómetros, es decir, la permeabilidad a la luz, basándose en la longitud de onda para paneles que tienen diferentes características. En particular, la curva K se refiere a un panel reforzado tradicional, mientras que la curva A se refiere a un panel formado únicamente mediante la placa 2, es decir, a un panel sin la capa A. Las curvas B y C están, en cambio, relacionadas con el panel 1 de acuerdo con la invención con resina retardante y, respectivamente, con resina intumescente.Figure 5 shows various curves, which have been obtained experimentally and showing the trends of transmittance or transmission spectrum between 170 and 2,500 nanometers, that is, the permeability to light, based on the wavelength for panels that have different characteristics. . In particular, curve K refers to a traditional reinforced panel, while curve A refers to a panel formed solely by plate 2, that is, a panel without layer A. Curves B and C are, in Instead, related to panel 1 according to the invention with retardant resin and, respectively, with intumescent resin.

Una comparación entre las curvas K y A confirma, en primer lugar, la fuerte impermeabilidad a la luz de los paneles reforzados tradicionales en comparación con un panel transparente no reforzado común.A comparison between the K and A curves confirms, first of all, the strong light impermeability of traditional reinforced panels compared to a common non-reinforced transparent panel.

Además, la misma comparación de las curvas muestra claramente que los paneles reforzados 1, 10 elaborados de acuerdo con la invención tienen una permeabilidad a la luz y, por lo tanto, una transparencia comparable a la de un panel no reforzado tradicional. Las curvas B y C están, de hecho, cerca de la curva A y justo debajo de la curva A, pero bastante lejos de la curva K.Furthermore, the same comparison of the curves clearly shows that the reinforced panels 1, 10 made according to the invention have a light permeability and therefore a transparency comparable to that of a traditional unreinforced panel. Curves B and C are in fact close to Curve A and just below Curve A, but quite far from Curve K.

Lo anterior muestra claramente que la presencia de la capa resistente al fuego A' permite, por un lado, la obtención de paneles cuya permeabilidad a la luz es comparable a la de las placas tradicionales de material plástico no reforzado y, por otro lado, cuya capacidad de retención de las gotas de material plástico al fundirse es equiparable a la de los paneles reforzados tradicionales, cumpliendo así con la legislación vigente EN 13501-5 "Cubiertas ante la acción de un fuego exterior", CEN_TS 1187 "Métodos de ensayo para cubiertas expuestas a fuego exterior".The above clearly shows that the presence of the fire-resistant layer A' allows, on the one hand, to obtain panels whose light permeability is comparable to that of traditional plates of non-reinforced plastic material and, on the other hand, whose retention capacity of drops of plastic material when melting is comparable to that of traditional reinforced panels, thus complying with current legislation EN 13501-5 "Roofs in the event of an external fire", CEN_TS 1187 "Test methods for roofs exposed to external fire".

Independientemente del modo de fabricación de los paneles 1, 10, las tiras periféricas 2B, 2C permiten mejorar adicionalmente la resistencia al fuego del panel 1, 10 y, en general, del techo o la cubierta modular K1, dado que las tiras 2B, 2C actúan como verdaderas barreras aislantes que aíslan térmicamente la capa A' de su armazón de soporte de metal, si el panel se apoya sobre el mismo armazón de soporte K1, o la capa A' o la placa 2, 11 de los separadores de metal proporcionados en las soluciones con varias placas 2, 11 de material plástico permeable a la luz como la solución que se muestra en la Figura 4.Regardless of the method of manufacturing the panels 1, 10, the peripheral strips 2B, 2C make it possible to further improve the fire resistance of the panel 1, 10 and, in general, of the roof or the modular cover K1, since the strips 2B, 2C they act as true insulating barriers that thermally insulate layer A' from its metal support frame, if the panel rests on the same support frame K1, or layer A' or plate 2, 11 from the metal spacers provided in solutions with several plates 2, 11 of light-permeable plastic material like the solution shown in Figure 4.

Además de lo mencionado anteriormente, la presencia de la capa A' y de las tiras intumescentes 2B permite superar con amplio margen la certificación mencionada anteriormente "Broof (t1) UNE-CEN/TS 1187: 2013" cuando los paneles 1, 10 se superponen a la estructura de metal S y se yuxtaponen y se unen para formar el techo o la cubierta modular K1.In addition to what was mentioned above, the presence of layer A' and the intumescent strips 2B allows the previously mentioned certification "Broof (t1) UNE-CEN/TS 1187: 2013" to be exceeded by a large margin when panels 1, 10 are superimposed to the metal structure S and are juxtaposed and joined to form the modular roof or cover K1.

A partir de lo anterior, resulta evidente que se pueden realizar modificaciones y variaciones en los paneles reforzados 2 y 10 descritos. En particular, en el panel 10, ambas placas 2 y 11 se pueden reforzar con las respectivas capas resistentes al fuego A'. En este caso, las capas A' pueden comprender la misma resina o diferentes resinas, al igual que se pueden formar las mismas capas con láminas de refuerzo iguales o diferentes. From the above, it is evident that modifications and variations can be made to the reinforced panels 2 and 10 described. In particular, in panel 10, both plates 2 and 11 can be reinforced with the respective fire resistant layers A'. In this case, the layers A' can comprise the same resin or different resins, just as the same layers can be formed with the same or different reinforcing sheets.

Claims (16)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Un panel reforzado (1; 10) para la formación de una cubierta de techo que comprende al menos una primera placa en forma de panal (2) de material plástico permeable a la luz y medios de refuerzo de dicha primera placa en forma de panal (2) que se orientan hacia una superficie inferior (5) de dicha placa (2), en donde dichos medios de refuerzo comprenden una capa homogénea permeable a la luz (A'); en donde dicha capa homogénea permeable a la luz (A') comprende una lámina de material inorgánico permeable a la luz (3) y una capa continua de resina en expansión retardante o intumescente (6); cuando la placa en forma de panal (2) de material plástico alcanza, aunque únicamente sea a nivel local, su punto de reblandecimiento o de fusión debido a la combustión, dicha capa homogénea (A') define una barrera para la retención de las partes fundidas de dicha placa en forma de panal (2) de material plástico; caracterizado por que al menos una tira de material intumescente (2B; 2C) se dispone en una parte periférica de dicho panel reforzado y sobre una superficie de dicho panel reforzado que es opuesta a una superficie de dicha capa homogénea (A') que se orienta hacia la superficie inferior (5) de dicha primera placa en forma de panal (2).1. A reinforced panel (1; 10) for the formation of a roof covering comprising at least a first honeycomb-shaped plate (2) of light-permeable plastic material and means for reinforcing said first honeycomb-shaped plate. honeycomb (2) that are oriented towards a lower surface (5) of said plate (2), where said reinforcing means comprise a homogeneous layer permeable to light (A'); wherein said homogeneous light-permeable layer (A') comprises a sheet of light-permeable inorganic material (3) and a continuous layer of expanding retardant or intumescent resin (6); When the honeycomb-shaped plate (2) of plastic material reaches, even if only locally, its softening or melting point due to combustion, said homogeneous layer (A') defines a barrier for the retention of the parts. casts of said honeycomb-shaped plate (2) of plastic material; characterized in that at least one strip of intumescent material (2B; 2C) is arranged in a peripheral part of said reinforced panel and on a surface of said reinforced panel that is opposite a surface of said homogeneous layer (A') that is oriented towards the lower surface (5) of said first honeycomb plate (2). 2. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que dicha resina (6) se interpone entre dicha superficie inferior (5) y dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3) e incorpora al menos parcialmente dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3).2. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said resin (6) is interposed between said lower surface (5) and said sheet of inorganic material (3) and at least partially incorporates said sheet of inorganic material (3). . 3. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que dicha resina (6) está en contacto con dicha superficie inferior (5).3. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said resin (6) is in contact with said lower surface (5). 4. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3) comprende fibras de vidrio entrelazadas.4. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said sheet of inorganic material (3) comprises intertwined glass fibers. 5. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender, adicionalmente, una segunda placa en forma de panal de material plástico permeable a la luz (11) que se orienta hacia dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3) y medios de sujeción para el bloqueo firme de dichas primera y segunda placas de material plástico (2, 11) entre sí; estando tanto dicha lámina de material inorgánico permeable a la luz (3) como dicha resina (6) comprimidas entre dichas primera y segunda placas de material plástico (2, 11).5. The panel according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising a second honeycomb-shaped plate of light-permeable plastic material (11) that is oriented towards said sheet of inorganic material (3) and fastening means for firmly locking said first and second plates of plastic material (2, 11) together; both said sheet of light-permeable inorganic material (3) and said resin (6) being compressed between said first and second plates of plastic material (2, 11). 6. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender, adicionalmente, una segunda placa en forma de panal de material plástico permeable a la luz (11) que se orienta hacia dicha capa homogénea (A'), medios de sujeción para el bloqueo firme de dichas primera y segunda placas de material plástico (2, 11) entre sí y separadores (14) para separar entre sí dichas primera y segunda placas de material plástico (2, 11); en donde dichas primera y segunda placas de material plástico (2, 11) delimitan un compartimento (15) entre las mismas; y en donde dicha capa homogénea (A') únicamente ocupa parcialmente dicho compartimento (15).6. The panel according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising a second honeycomb-shaped plate of light-permeable plastic material (11) that is oriented towards said homogeneous layer (A'), fastening means for firmly locking said first and second plates of plastic material (2, 11) together and spacers (14) to separate said first and second plates of plastic material (2, 11) from each other; wherein said first and second plates of plastic material (2, 11) delimit a compartment (15) between them; and where said homogeneous layer (A') only partially occupies said compartment (15). 7. El panel de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado por que dicha tira de material intumescente (2B; 2C) se dispone entre dicha parte periférica de dicha capa homogénea (A') y, durante su uso, un elemento estructural de metal (H) que define un armazón de soporte (S) de dicho panel (1; 10) o entre dicha parte periférica de dicha capa homogénea (A') y un separador (14) o un elemento estructural de dicho panel (1; 10).7. The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said strip of intumescent material (2B; 2C) is arranged between said peripheral part of said homogeneous layer (A') and, during its use, a structural element of metal (H) that defines a support frame (S) of said panel (1; 10) or between said peripheral part of said homogeneous layer (A') and a separator (14) or a structural element of said panel (1 ; 10). 8. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que dicha tira de material intumescente (2B; 2C) está directamente en contacto con dicha parte periférica de dicha capa homogénea (A').8. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said strip of intumescent material (2B; 2C) is directly in contact with said peripheral part of said homogeneous layer (A'). 9. El panel de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender un material adhesivo distribuido sobre una superficie de dicha tira (2B; 2C) opuesta a la que se orienta hacia dicha capa homogénea (A').9. The panel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an adhesive material distributed on a surface of said strip (2B; 2C) opposite to that oriented towards said homogeneous layer (A'). 10. El panel de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado por que dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3) tiene un peso que varía entre 10 y 100 g/m2.10. The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sheet of inorganic material (3) has a weight that varies between 10 and 100 g/m2. 11. El panel de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado por que dicha resina (6) comprende un agente aglutinante polimérico, un catalizador de ácido inorgánico o mineral, un material de fuente de carbono y un agente de expansión que se descompone térmicamente durante la combustión mediante la liberación de gases no inflamables.11. The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said resin (6) comprises a polymeric binding agent, an inorganic or mineral acid catalyst, a carbon source material and a blowing agent that decomposes thermally during combustion by releasing non-flammable gases. 12. Un proceso para la formación de un panel para cubierta de techo reforzado (1; 10), tal como se define en la reivindicación 1; en donde el proceso comprende las etapas de usar al menos una primera placa en forma de panal de material plástico permeable a la luz (2),12. A process for forming a reinforced roof deck panel (1; 10), as defined in claim 1; wherein the process comprises the steps of using at least a first honeycomb-shaped plate of light-permeable plastic material (2), distribuir continuamente una capa de resina intumescente o retardante (6) sobre una superficie inferior (5) de dicha placa en forma de panal de material plástico (2), depositar continuamente una lámina de material inorgánico permeable a la luz (3) sobre dicha capa de resina intumescente o retardante (6) y poner en contacto firme dicha lámina de material inorgánico (3) mediante la consolidación o reticulación de dicha resina intumescente o retardante (6), formando así una capa homogénea (A') que define una barrera para la retención de las partes fundidas de dicha placa (2) en caso de incendio;continuously distribute a layer of intumescent or retardant resin (6) on a lower surface (5) of said honeycomb plate of plastic material (2), continuously deposit a sheet of light-permeable inorganic material (3) on said layer of intumescent or retardant resin (6) and placing said sheet of inorganic material (3) in firm contact by consolidating or cross-linking said intumescent or retardant resin (6), thus forming a homogeneous layer (A') that defines a barrier for the retention of the molten parts of said plate (2) in the event of fire; caracterizado por que al menos una tira de material intumescente (2B; 2C) se dispone en una parte periférica de dicho panel reforzado y sobre una superficie de dicho panel reforzado que es opuesta a una superficie de dicha capa homogénea (A') que se orienta hacia la superficie inferior (5) de dicha primera placa en forma de panal (2).characterized in that at least one strip of intumescent material (2B; 2C) is arranged in a peripheral part of said reinforced panel and on a surface of said reinforced panel that is opposite to a surface of said homogeneous layer (A') that is oriented towards the lower surface (5) of said first honeycomb plate (2). 13. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 12, caracterizado por usar una segunda placa de material plástico permeable a la luz (11), disponer la segunda placa de material plástico (11) en contacto con dicha capa homogénea (A') y bloquear firmemente las placas de material plástico (2, 11) entre sí.13. The process according to claim 12, characterized by using a second plate of light-permeable plastic material (11), arranging the second plate of plastic material (11) in contact with said homogeneous layer (A') and blocking firmly the plastic plates (2, 11) to each other. 14. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 13, caracterizado por que dicha segunda placa de material plástico (11) se dispone en una posición separada de dicha primera placa (2), formando así entre las placas de material plástico un compartimento (15) que únicamente se llena parcialmente de dicha capa homogénea (A'), y por que dichas placas de material plástico (2, 11) quedan bloqueadas en dicha posición separada.14. The process according to claim 13, characterized in that said second plate of plastic material (11) is arranged in a position separate from said first plate (2), thus forming a compartment (15) between the plates of plastic material. which is only partially filled with said homogeneous layer (A'), and because said plates of plastic material (2, 11) are blocked in said separated position. 15. Una cubierta de techo que comprende un armazón de soporte (S) y uno o más paneles reforzados yuxtapuestos (1; 10) dispuestos sobre dicho armazón de soporte (S), implementándose dicho panel reforzado (1; 10) según la reivindicación 1.15. A roof covering comprising a support frame (S) and one or more juxtaposed reinforced panels (1; 10) arranged on said support frame (S), said reinforced panel (1; 10) being implemented according to claim 1 . 16. La cubierta de techo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 15, caracterizada por que cada uno de dichos paneles reforzados (1; 10) es un panel modular. 16. The roof covering according to claim 15, characterized in that each of said reinforced panels (1; 10) is a modular panel.
ES18198513T 2017-10-03 2018-10-03 Reinforced panel for the formation of a roof covering Active ES2953100T3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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IT102017000110729A IT201700110729A1 (en) 2017-10-03 2017-10-03 REINFORCED COVER PANEL
IT201800008718 2018-09-19

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH380368A (en) * 1959-01-24 1964-07-31 Detag Plastic composite panel and process for its manufacture
AT384189B (en) * 1983-10-10 1987-10-12 Fischer Gmbh BUILDING PLATE
FR2713548B1 (en) * 1993-12-09 1996-01-19 Kaysersberg Packaging Sa Method for manufacturing a polycarbonate-based plate intended for the manufacture of buildings, in particular greenhouses.
US6511730B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2003-01-28 Hexcel Corporation Fire resistant composite panel

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