ES2292762T3 - STEEL AND HIGH RESISTANCE STEEL BAND OR SHEET, COLD MALE, PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL BANDS AND USES OF SUCH STEEL. - Google Patents
STEEL AND HIGH RESISTANCE STEEL BAND OR SHEET, COLD MALE, PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL BANDS AND USES OF SUCH STEEL. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2292762T3 ES2292762T3 ES02732754T ES02732754T ES2292762T3 ES 2292762 T3 ES2292762 T3 ES 2292762T3 ES 02732754 T ES02732754 T ES 02732754T ES 02732754 T ES02732754 T ES 02732754T ES 2292762 T3 ES2292762 T3 ES 2292762T3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Acero y banda o chapa de acero de alta resistencia, maleables en frío, procedimiento para la fabricación de bandas de acero y usos de dicho acero.Steel and high steel strip or sheet resistance, cold malleable, manufacturing process steel bands and uses of said steel.
La invención se refiere a un acero liviano de Fe-Mn-Al-Si con carbono, así como a una banda o chapa de acero con buena maleabilidad en frío y gran resistencia. Más allá de ello, la invención se refiere a un procedimiento para fabricar bandas de un acero de este tipo y a usos particularmente apropiados de un acero de este tipo.The invention relates to a lightweight steel of Fe-Mn-Al-Si with carbon, as well as a band or sheet steel with good cold malleability and great resistance. Beyond that, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing bands of a steel of this type and particularly suitable uses of a steel of this type.
Un acero liviano usado para la fabricación de componentes de carrocerías y la aplicación a bajas temperaturas se conoce del documento DE 197 27 759 C2. Contiene, además de Fe, 10% al 30% de Mn, 1% al 8% de Al y 1% al 6% de Si, no superando la suma de los contenidos de Al y Si el 12%. En este acero conocido, el carbono está contenido en todos los casos en el rango de las impurezas.A lightweight steel used to manufacture body components and application at low temperatures are Know of document DE 197 27 759 C2. It contains, in addition to Fe, 10% at 30% of Mn, 1% at 8% of Al and 1% at 6% of Si, not exceeding the sum of the contents of Al and Si 12%. In this known steel, the carbon is contained in all cases in the range of impurities
En el caso del acero de construcción liviano conocido del documento DE 199 00 199 A1, el carbono está previsto, por el contrario, como elemento de aleación opcional. El acero liviano conocido presenta > 7% al 27% de Mn, > 1% al 10% de Al, > 0,7% al 4% de Si, < 0,5% de C, < 10% de Cr, < 10% de Ni y < 0,3% de Cu. Además, en el acero pueden estar contenidos N, V, Nb, Ti, P, no pudiendo la suma de estos elementos superar el 2%.In the case of lightweight construction steel known from DE 199 00 199 A1, carbon is planned, on the contrary, as an optional alloy element. The steel Lightweight known has> 7% to 27% of Mn,> 1% to 10% of At,> 0.7% to 4% Si, <0.5% C, <10% Cr, <10% of Ni and <0.3% of Cu. In addition, steel may be contained N, V, Nb, Ti, P, the sum of these elements cannot exceed the 2%.
Un acero de construcción liviano austenítico de composición comparable, de alta resistencia y muy maleable en frío se describe en el documento DE 197 27 759 A1. Este acero contiene (en % en peso) 9,5 - 12% de (AI + Si), 10 - 30% de Mn y, como resto, esencialmente hierro, incluyendo los elementos residuales usuales del acero (C, P, S, O, N). De acuerdo con una conformación preferida, el contenido de Si de este acero es del 0,5 - 6% y su contenido de Al es del 1 - 8% con un contenido de Mn del 15 - 30%. Debido a su resistencia a la tracción particularmente elevada de hasta 1100 MPa, este acero es particularmente apropiado para la fabricación de chapas de carrocerías y componentes estructurales de refuerzo de carrocerías de automóviles.An austenitic lightweight construction steel of comparable composition, high strength and very cold malleable It is described in document DE 197 27 759 A1. This steel contains (in% by weight) 9.5 - 12% of (AI + Si), 10 - 30% of Mn and, as rest, essentially iron, including residual elements usual steel (C, P, S, O, N). According to a conformation preferred, the Si content of this steel is 0.5 - 6% and its Al content is 1 - 8% with an Mn content of 15 - 30%. Due to its particularly high tensile strength of up to 1100 MPa, this steel is particularly suitable for manufacture of body plates and structural components of car body reinforcement.
También el acero liviano conocido del documento EP 1 067 203 A1 contiene carbono, para ser precisos del 0,001 al 1,6%. Además, este acero presenta, además de Fe, 6 - 30% de Mn, \leq 6% de Al, \leq 2,5% de Si, \leq 10% de Cr, \leq 10% de Ni y \leq 5% de Cu. Adicionalmente, en el acero pueden estar contenidos V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr y tierras raras, no superando la suma de sus contenidos el 3%. Asimismo, el acero conocido puede contener P, Sn, Sb y As, no debiendo la suma de los contenidos de estos elementos ser mayor que el 0,2%.Also the lightweight steel known from the document EP 1 067 203 A1 contains carbon, to be precise from 0.001 to 1.6% In addition, this steel has, in addition to Fe, 6 - 30% of Mn, ≤ 6% of Al, ≤ 2.5% of Si, ≤ 10% of Cr, ≤ 10% of Ni and ≤ 5% of Cu. Additionally, the steel can be V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr and rare earth contents, not exceeding the sum of its contents 3%. Also, known steel may contain P, Sn, Sb and As, not owing the sum of the contents of these Elements be greater than 0.2%.
Se mostró que los aceros con esta composición se pueden laminar en caliente y en frío sólo con ciertas dificultades, a pesar de la presencia de carbono. De esta manera, en los cantos de las bandas aparecen a menudo inestabilidades o fisuras que dificultan en la práctica la fabricación en gran escala de bandas o chapas a partir de estos aceros. Además, estos aceros presentan un comportamiento a la deformación fuertemente isotrópico, el cual se manifiesta en un valor \Deltar elevado. También como consecuencia de la mala deformabilidad, se complica la elaboración posterior de las chapas de acero generadas de acuerdo con el procedimiento conocido.It was shown that steels with this composition were they can laminate hot and cold only with certain difficulties, despite the presence of carbon. In this way, in the songs of bands often appear instabilities or fissures that they make it difficult in practice to manufacture large-scale bands or plates from these steels. In addition, these steels have a strongly isotropic deformation behavior, which is manifest in a high \ Deltar value. Also as a consequence of the bad deformability, the subsequent elaboration of steel sheets generated according to the procedure known.
Los aceros de buena maleabilidad y altas resistencias también se requieren para la fabricación de componentes provistos de dentados o elementos moldeados comparables. En el caso de estos componentes, se trata típicamente de partes de engranajes provistos de dentados internos y externos. Ellos se pueden fabricar de manera económica y con gran precisión en las medidas por laminación a presión.Steels of good malleability and high resistors are also required for component manufacturing provided with teeth or comparable molded elements. If of these components, these are typically parts of gears provided with internal and external teeth. They can be manufactured economically and with great precision in measurements by pressure lamination
Un procedimiento para fabricar partes de engranajes por laminación a presión se conoce del documento DE 197 24 661 C2. De acuerdo con este procedimiento conocido, a partir de un acero de construcción de alta resistencia microaleado, que posee un límite inferior de estiramiento de al menos 500 N/mm^{2}, se moldea de una chapa una pieza en bruto. Esta pieza en bruto se moldea en frío luego por laminación a presión para formar un engranaje. En el curso del moldeo del dentado, se deforma el material de chapa hasta el límite de su capacidad de deformación. Luego se endurece una superficie de la pieza provista de un dentado sin deformación térmica, manteniendo esencialmente la temperatura.A procedure to manufacture parts of gears by pressure rolling is known from document DE 197 24 661 C2. According to this known procedure, from a high-strength microalloyed construction steel, which has a lower stretch limit of at least 500 N / mm2, is Mold a blank in one sheet. This blank is cold molds then by pressure lamination to form a gear. In the course of the molding of the teeth, the sheet material up to the limit of its deformability. Then a surface of the piece provided with a teeth is hardened without thermal deformation, essentially maintaining the temperature.
El objeto de la invención consiste en lograr, a partir del estado de la técnica explicado anteriormente, un acero liviano o bien una banda o chapa de acero producida a partir de él con buena maleabilidad y buena resistencia que se pueda fabricar también sencillamente en gran escala. Más allá de ello, se deben indicar un procedimiento de fabricación de una banda o chapa de acero, así como usos preferidos para el acero.The object of the invention is to achieve, to from the state of the art explained above, a steel lightweight or a steel strip or sheet produced from it with good malleability and good strength that can be manufactured also simply on a large scale. Beyond that, they should indicate a manufacturing procedure for a band or sheet of steel, as well as preferred uses for steel.
El objeto se resuelve, por un lado, por medio de un acero liviano que presenta la siguiente composición (en % en peso):The object is solved, on the one hand, by a light steel that has the following composition (in% in weight):
así como, opcionalmente,as well as, optionally
Ni: < 8,00%Ni: <8.00%
Cu: < 3,00%Cu: <3.00%
N: < 0,60%N: <0.60%
Nb: < 0,30%Nb: <0.30%
Ti: < 0,30%Ti: <0.30%
V: < 0,30%V: <0.30%
P: < 0,01%P: <0.01%
el resto hierro e impurezas inevitables. A las impurezas se añadieron en este caso azufre y oxígeno.the rest iron and inevitable impurities. At impurities were added in this case sulfur and oxygen.
Sorprendentemente se descubrió que la adición dirigida de boro en los aceros según la invención lleva a una mejora considerable de las propiedades y la posibilidad de fabricación. De esta manera, el contenido de boro en el acero según la invención provoca una reducción del límite de estiramiento, con lo cual se mejora netamente la maleabilidad. Las influencias favorables de la aleación sobre las propiedades mecánicas-tecnológicas del acero según la invención se pueden sustentar por el hecho de que el contenido de carbono es del 0,10 -1,00% en peso, cuando también se puede detectar una magnitud mínima del 0,10% en peso de carbono en el acero según la invención.Surprisingly it was discovered that the addition directed boron on steels according to the invention leads to a considerable improvement of the properties and the possibility of manufacturing. In this way, the boron content in the steel according to the invention causes a reduction of the stretch limit, with which clearly improves malleability. Influences favorable alloy over properties mechanical-technological steel according to the invention they can be sustained by the fact that the carbon content is 0.10 -1.00% by weight, when a minimum magnitude of 0.10% by weight of carbon in the steel according to the invention.
En este caso, la presencia de estos elementos tiene como consecuencia una combinación particularmente buena de propiedades mecánicas y tecnológicas. De esta manera, el acero según la invención o bien una banda y/o chapa de acero generada a partir de él presenta un valor \Deltar claramente inferior frente a las chapas que pertenecen a la especie en cuestión, conocidas del estado de la técnica.In this case, the presence of these elements it results in a particularly good combination of mechanical and technological properties In this way, the steel according the invention or a strip and / or steel plate generated from of it has a clearly lower \ Deltar value compared to plates belonging to the species in question, known from state of the art
Además, las bandas y chapas de acero compuestas según la invención se caracterizan por límites de estiramiento comparativamente menores, mejor capacidad de estiramiento sobre molde con mayores exponentes de solidificación (valor n), mayor capacidad de embutición profunda (valor r) y menor anisotropía planar (valor \Deltar), así como un mejor producto de límite de estiramiento y alargamiento. De esta manera, la resistencia a la tracción de bandas y chapas de acero según la invención es de al menos 680 MPa. El producto de resistencia a la tracción y alargamiento es de al menos 41 000 MPa. El límite de estiramiento de chapas y bandas de acero según la invención no supera 520 MPa. Al mismo tiempo, los aceros según la invención o bien las chapas y bandas generadas a partir de ellos poseen un alargamiento uniforme extraordinariamente alto del 20% hasta más del 45%. Se logran valores n de hasta 0,7.In addition, composite steel bands and sheets according to the invention they are characterized by stretching limits comparatively smaller, better stretch capacity over mold with greater exponents of solidification (value n), greater deep drawing capacity (r value) and less anisotropy planar (value \ Deltar), as well as a better limit product of stretching and lengthening In this way, resistance to Traction of steel bands and sheets according to the invention is at minus 680 MPa. The tensile strength product and elongation is at least 41,000 MPa. The stretch limit of steel sheets and bands according to the invention does not exceed 520 MPa. To the at the same time, the steels according to the invention or the plates and bands generated from them have a uniform elongation extraordinarily high from 20% to more than 45%. Are achieved n values of up to 0.7.
Como resultado, se obtiene así una banda o chapa de acero liviano particularmente bien maleable en frío que, debido a su resistencia comparativamente elevada y baja densidad, es apropiada en especial para la fabricación de componentes de carrocerías de automóviles. Asimismo, la excelente relación de resistencia y peso hace apropiada una chapa de acero obtenida según la invención para la fabricación de ruedas para vehículos, en especial vehículos automotores, para la fabricación de componentes deformables por alta presión interna o alta presión externa, para la fabricación de piezas de motores de alta resistencia, como árboles de levas o bielas de émbolos, para la fabricación de elementos de construcción destinados a la protección contra cargas que impactan en forma de impulsos, como bombardeo, como chapas blindadas, así como elementos de protección destinados a la protección de personas, en especial contra bombardeo. En particular, en el caso de la última aplicación mencionada, resalta como muy positivo el comparativamente bajo peso de la chapa de acero según la invención y a la vez la alta resistencia.As a result, a band or sheet is thus obtained Lightweight steel particularly cold malleable which, due to at its comparatively high resistance and low density, it is appropriate especially for the manufacture of components of car bodies. Also, the excellent relationship of strength and weight makes appropriate a steel plate obtained according to the invention for the manufacture of wheels for vehicles, in special motor vehicles, for the manufacture of components deformable by high internal pressure or high external pressure, for the manufacture of heavy duty engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods, for the manufacture of construction elements intended for load protection that impact in the form of impulses, like bombardment, like badges armored, as well as protective elements intended for protection of people, especially against bombardment. In In particular, in the case of the last application mentioned, it highlights as very positive the comparatively low weight of the steel sheet according to the invention and at the same time the high resistance.
Las chapas de acero según la invención son apropiadas, en caso de una estructura puramente austenítica, particularmente para la fabricación de elementos de construcción no magnéticos.The steel plates according to the invention are appropriate, in case of a purely austenitic structure, particularly for the manufacture of construction elements not magnetic
Por otra parte, se mostró que las chapas de acero según la invención también conservan su resistencia a temperaturas particularmente bajas. Como tales son apropiadas en especial para la fabricación de elementos de construcción empleados en la criotécnica, como recipientes o tubos para la técnica del frío.On the other hand, it was shown that the plates of steel according to the invention also retain its resistance to particularly low temperatures. As such they are appropriate in Special for manufacturing construction elements used in cryotechnics, as containers or tubes for the technique of cold.
Se pueden obtener con seguridad los efectos positivos del boro en el acero utilizado según la invención, cuando el contenido de boro es del 0,003 al 0,008% en peso.The effects can be safely obtained positive of boron in the steel used according to the invention, when Boron content is 0.003 to 0.008% by weight.
Incluso el contenido de C comprendido en el intervalo del 0,1% al 1,0% garantiza una mejor capacidad de producción de chapas y bandas de acero según la invención. En el caso de aceros según la invención, la formación de fases intermetálicas está restringida por la presencia de carbono. Las fisuras e inestabilidades en el área de los cantos de las bandas, tal como se producen en las bandas de acero generadas a partir de los aceros conocidos, se reducen así de manera considerable, reduciéndose en gran medida las inestabilidades con un mayor contenido de C. Otra mejora de la calidad de los cantos de las bandas se logra con la adición de boro. Como resultado, se pueden evitar casi por completo las inestabilidades de los cantos de las bandas por medio de la adición combinada de C y B.Even the content of C included in the range of 0.1% to 1.0% guarantees a better capacity for production of steel sheets and bands according to the invention. At case of steels according to the invention, phase formation Intermetallic is restricted by the presence of carbon. The fissures and instabilities in the area of the edges of the bands, as they occur in steel bands generated from known steels are thus reduced considerably, greatly reducing instabilities with greater C. content Another improvement in the quality of the songs of the Bands are achieved with the addition of boron. As a result, they can almost completely avoid the instabilities of the songs of the bands by means of the combined addition of C and B.
El boro sustituye en su acción sobre las propiedades mecánicas-tecnológicas al elemento de aleación Mn. De esta manera, se estableció que un acero con 20% de Mn y 0,003% de boro presenta un perfil de propiedades similar, como un acero que contiene 25% de Mn, pero no B. Por ello, los aceros de construcción livianos según la invención pueden poseer contenidos de Mn relativamente bajos con resistencias comparativamente elevadas. Esto lleva a costos reducidos en agentes de aleación y facilita la fabricación metalúrgica por fusión de un acero liviano utilizado según la invención.Boron replaces in its action on mechanical-technological properties to the element of Mn alloy In this way, it was established that a steel with 20% of Mn and 0.003% boron has a similar property profile, such as a steel that contains 25% of Mn, but not B. Therefore, the steels of lightweight construction according to the invention may have contents of relatively low Mn with comparatively resistance high. This leads to reduced costs in alloy agents and facilitates metallurgical manufacturing by fusion of a light steel used according to the invention.
Adicionalmente, los contenidos de C y B previstos según la invención abren un amplio espectro de parámetros para laminación en caliente. De esta manera, se comprobó que los valores característicos de los aceros según la invención obtenidos al elegir altas temperaturas de laminación en caliente y temperaturas de bobinado son esencialmente iguales a los que se obtienen en caso de menores temperaturas finales de laminación en caliente y temperaturas de bobinado. Incluso esta insensibilidad en la fabricación de bandas laminadas en caliente favorece la posibilidad de una fabricación sencilla de las chapas de acero según la invención.Additionally, the contents of C and B provided according to the invention open a wide spectrum of parameters for hot rolling. In this way, it was found that characteristic values of the steels according to the invention obtained when choosing high hot rolling temperatures and winding temperatures are essentially the same as those obtained in case of lower final rolling temperatures in Hot and winding temperatures. Even this numbness in the manufacture of hot rolled bands favors the possibility of simple manufacturing of steel sheets according to the invention.
En virtud del contenido de Si limitado a contenidos superiores al 2,50% en peso, con preferencia superiores al 2,70% en peso, las bandas y chapas de acero según la invención presentan una mejor capacidad de laminación en frío respecto de aquellas bandas o chapas de acero liviano que poseen bajos contenidos de Si. La adición de mucha cantidad de Si se expresa en límites de estiramiento más uniformes y una conformación isotrópica de las propiedades mecánicas. El límite superior de la suma formada por contenidos de Al y Si es del 12%, ya que una suma que superara este límite de contenidos de Al y Si conllevaría el peligro de fragilidad.Under the content of Si limited to contents greater than 2.50% by weight, preferably higher at 2.70% by weight, the bands and steel sheets according to the invention they have a better cold rolling capacity than those light steel bands or sheets that have low Si contents. The addition of a lot of Si is expressed in more uniform stretch limits and an isotropic conformation of the mechanical properties. The upper limit of the sum formed for contents of Al and Si is 12%, since a sum that will exceed this content limit of Al and Si would entail the danger of fragility.
Las bandas y chapas de acero según la invención se pueden fabricar preferentemente por medio de un procedimiento en el que se funde un material de partida, como desbaste plano, desbaste delgado o banda, a partir de un acero compuesto según la invención de la manera previamente explicada, en el cual se calienta el material de partida fundido hasta \geq1100ºC o se aplica directamente a esta temperatura, en el que se lamina en caliente el material de partida precalentado en una banda laminada en caliente a una temperatura final de laminación en caliente de al menos 800ºC y en el que la banda terminada de laminar en caliente se bobina a una temperatura de bobinado de 450ºC a 700ºC.The bands and steel plates according to the invention they can preferably be manufactured by means of a process in which melts a starting material, such as roughing flat, thin roughing or band, from a composite steel according to the invention in the manner previously explained, in which it is heated molten starting material up to ≥1100 ° C or applied directly at this temperature, at which the hot rolled preheated starting material in a hot rolled strip to a final hot rolling temperature of at least 800 ° C and in which the finished strip of hot rolling is wound to a winding temperature from 450 ° C to 700 ° C.
Al laminar en caliente la banda según la invención a temperaturas finales de laminación en caliente de por lo menos 800ºC y bobinarla a menores temperaturas, se aprovecha en su totalidad el efecto positivo mencionado del carbono y en especial del boro. De esta manera, el boro y el carbono provocan en las bandas laminadas en caliente en este rango mayores valores de resistencia a la tracción y límites de estiramiento con valores de alargamiento de rotura aceptables tanto antes como después. Con una mayor temperatura final de laminación en caliente, se reducen la resistencia a la tracción y el límite de estiramiento, mientras aumentan los valores de alargamiento. Por variación de las temperaturas finales de laminación en el marco predeterminado por la invención, se pueden lograr así las propiedades deseadas de la banda de acero obtenida e influir sobre ellas de manera sencilla.When hot rolling the band according to the invention at final hot rolling temperatures of by at least 800ºC and wind it at lower temperatures, it is used in entirely the mentioned positive effect of carbon and in Boron special. In this way, boron and carbon cause hot rolled bands in this range higher values of tensile strength and stretch limits with values of break elongation acceptable both before and after. With a Higher final hot rolling temperature, reduce the tensile strength and stretch limit while elongation values increase. By variation of the final rolling temperatures in the frame predetermined by the invention, the desired properties of the steel band obtained and influence them so simple.
Por limitación de la temperatura de bobinado a valores máximos de 700ºC, se evita de forma segura la fragilidad del material. Se ha comprobado que, a altas temperaturas de bobinado, se produce la formación de fases de fragilidad que pueden provocar, por ejemplo, desprendimientos del material y como tales dificultan o incluso hacen imposible el ulterior procesamiento.By winding temperature limitation to maximum values of 700ºC, fragility is safely avoided of the material. It has been proven that, at high temperatures of winding, the formation of fragility phases that can occur cause, for example, detachments of the material and as such hinder or even make further processing impossible.
La banda laminada en caliente generada según la invención se caracteriza por buenas propiedades de uso. Si se han de generar chapas o bandas más delgadas, entonces se puede laminar en frío la banda laminada en caliente después del bobinado hasta formar una banda laminada en frío, realizando el laminado en frío ventajosamente con un grado de laminación en frío del 30% al 75%. Con preferencia, la banda laminada en frío obtenida se somete luego a un recocido, debiendo estar comprendidas las temperaturas de recocido entre 600ºC y 1100ºC. En este caso, el recocido se puede llevar a cabo en la campana en el intervalo de temperaturas de 600ºC a 750ºC o en la pasada por horno de recocido a temperaturas de 750ºC a 1100ºC. Finalmente, respecto de la maleabilidad en frío y la conformación de la superficie, es ventajoso acabar la banda laminada en frío con laminación.The hot rolled strip generated according to the Invention is characterized by good use properties. If they have to generate thinner sheets or bands, then it can be laminated cold rolled hot strip after winding until form a cold rolled strip, performing cold rolling advantageously with a degree of cold rolling from 30% to 75%. Preferably, the cold rolled strip obtained is then subjected at an annealing, the temperatures of annealed between 600 ° C and 1100 ° C. In this case, the annealing can be carry out in the hood in the temperature range of 600ºC at 750 ° C or in the pass through annealing oven at temperatures of 750 ° C to 1100 ° C. Finally, regarding cold malleability and surface shaping, it is advantageous to finish the band cold rolled with lamination.
Otro uso particularmente ventajoso de un acero según la invención o bien de bandas y chapas de acero fabricadas a partir de él consiste en la fabricación de componentes deformados en frío por laminación a presión. Para ello, se fabrican piezas en bruto a partir del acero que luego se terminarán de moldear por laminación a presión. Debido a su especial perfil de propiedades, el acero según la invención o bien las piezas en bruto de chapa fabricadas con él es apropiado particularmente para esta finalidad.Another particularly advantageous use of a steel according to the invention or steel strips and sheets made of starting from it consists of manufacturing deformed components in cold by pressure lamination. To do this, parts are manufactured in raw from steel that will then be finished molding by pressure lamination Due to its special property profile, the steel according to the invention or the sheet metal blanks manufactured with it is particularly appropriate for this purpose
En función de la composición, en el acero según la invención se puede incorporar una estructura puramente austenítica o compuesta por una mezcla de ferrita y austenita con partes de martensita. Por ello, los aceros según la invención se pueden moldear esencialmente mejor. En el curso de la maleabilidad en frío, se solidifican claramente mejor que los aceros microaleados o de múltiples fases de alta resistencia utilizados de forma conocida para la fabricación por laminación a presión. De esta manera, se pueden obtener, según la maleabilidad en frío, resistencias de los componentes en el intervalo de 1400 N/mm^{2} a 2200 N/mm^{2}. Por ello, se puede prescindir de un endurecimiento adicional de los componentes generados después de la maleabilidad en frío. También resulta favorable, en especial en la fabricación de partes de engranajes dentadas respecto de la finalidad de aplicación, que los aceros utilizados según la invención para su fabricación se reducen en densidad debido al alto contenido de elementos livianos tales como Si, Al.Depending on the composition, in the steel according the invention a structure can be incorporated purely austenitic or composed of a mixture of ferrite and austenite with parts of martensite. Therefore, the steels according to the invention are They can mold essentially better. In the course of malleability cold, they solidify clearly better than steels microalloyed or multi-phase high strength used from known form for manufacturing by pressure lamination. From this way, they can be obtained, according to the cold malleability, component resistances in the range of 1400 N / mm2 at 2200 N / mm2. Therefore, a hardening can be dispensed with additional components generated after malleability in cold. It is also favorable, especially in the manufacture of gearing parts with respect to the purpose of application, that the steels used according to the invention for manufacturing are reduced in density due to the high content of light elements such as Si, Al.
Al usar un acero con la composición y consistencia conformes a la invención, se puede prescindir así de un tratamiento término o endurecimiento de la superficie del componente laminado a presión. El peligro de estiramiento y oxidación causado por estas etapas de tratamiento adicionales en el estado de la técnica ya no se produce, por ello, al usar un acero según la invención para fabricar elementos de construcción dentados, sometidos localmente en el uso a una alta solicitación. De esta manera, el acero según la invención permite la fabricación económica de elementos de construcción livianos, de alta solicitación y precisos en las medidas por deformación en frío, en especial laminación a presión.When using a steel with the composition and consistency according to the invention, thus a term treatment or hardening of the surface of the pressure laminated component. The danger of stretching and oxidation caused by these additional treatment stages in the prior art is no longer produced, therefore, when using a steel according to the invention for manufacturing jagged construction elements, submitted locally in use at high request. This way, the steel according to the invention allows manufacturing Economical of lightweight construction elements, high request and precise measurements by cold deformation, in Special pressure lamination.
A continuación, se explica con mayor detalle la invención por medio de ejemplos de realización y de comparación.The following explains in more detail the invention by means of embodiments and comparison.
En la Tabla 1, se indican las composiciones de cinco aceros A, B, C, D, E, de los cuales los aceros A, B y C corresponden a la aleación prevista según la invención, mientras que en el caso de los aceros D y E se trata de ejemplos comparativos.Table 1 shows the compositions of five steels A, B, C, D, E, of which steels A, B and C correspond to the alloy provided according to the invention, while in the case of steels D and E these are examples comparatives
Los aceros A a E de las composiciones en cuestión se fundieron y se colaron en desbastes planos. Luego se precalentaron los desbastes planos hasta una temperatura de 1150ºC. Los desbastes planos precalentados se laminaron luego en caliente y finalmente se bobinaron.Steels A to E of the compositions in issue melted and sneaked into flat slabs. Then I know preheated flat slabs to a temperature of 1150 ° C. Preheated flat slabs were then hot rolled and They finally wound up.
Las correspondientes temperaturas finales de laminación en caliente ET y las temperaturas de bobinado HT, así como las correspondientes propiedades de resistencia a la tracción R_{m}, límite de estiramiento R_{e}, alargamiento A_{50}, alargamiento uniforme A_{gl} y valor n de las bandas laminadas en caliente obtenidas se indican en la Tabla 2.The corresponding final temperatures of ET hot rolling and HT winding temperatures as well as the corresponding tensile strength properties R_ {m}, stretch limit R_ {e}, elongation A_ {50}, uniform elongation A_ {gl} and value n of the laminated bands in Hot obtained are indicated in Table 2.
Hasta la banda fabricada con el acero D no conforme a la invención, que no se pudo laminar en frío, las bandas laminadas en caliente obtenidas se laminaron luego en frío con un grado de deformación de aproximadamente el 65% y se calcinaron a 950ºC en la pasada. Las propiedades mecánicas de las chapas de acero laminadas en frío obtenidas de esta manera se incorporaron en la Tabla 3.Up to the band made of D steel not according to the invention, which could not be cold rolled, the bands obtained hot rolled were then cold rolled with a degree of deformation of approximately 65% and were calcined at 950 ° C in the past. The mechanical properties of steel sheets cold rolled obtained in this way were incorporated into the Table 3.
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Se muestra que las bandas de acero generadas a partir de los aceros A a C según la invención poseen una excelente maleabilidad en frío. En este caso, presentan, con una buena resistencia y un gran alargamiento a la rotura, un comportamiento marcadamente isotrópico de deformación (r ^{\sim} 1, \Deltar ^{\sim} 0). También las bandas de acero generadas a partir del acero C según la invención sin carbono, pero con contenido de boro presentan bajos límites de estiramiento, mayores alargamientos de rotura y alargamientos uniformes, así como un comportamiento isotrópico de deformación.It shows that the steel bands generated at from the steels A to C according to the invention they have an excellent cold malleability. In this case, they present, with a good resistance and great elongation to breakage, a behavior markedly isotropic deformation (r ^ {\ sim} 1, \ Deltar ^ {\ sim} 0). Also the steel bands generated from the C steel according to the invention without carbon, but with boron content they have low stretch limits, greater lengthening of breakage and uniform elongations, as well as behavior Isotropic deformation.
De esta manera, todas las variantes de chapas de acero según la invención son apropiadas de manera especial para la fabricación de componentes de carrocerías, en especial para las chapas exteriores de una carrocería de automóvil, de ruedas para vehículos, en especial vehículos automotores, de elementos de construcción no magnéticos, de recipientes empleados en criotécnica, de componentes deformados por alta presión interna o alta presión externa, de tubos que están destinados en especial a la fabricación de partes de motores altamente resistentes, como árboles de levas o bielas de émbolos, de elementos de construcción destinados a la protección contra cargas que impactan en forma de impulsos como bombardeo, o elementos de protección como chapas blindadas, o armaduras para el cuerpo humano o animal. Asimismo se pueden fabricar a partir de chapas de acero según la invención componentes de engranajes de alta solicitación que se caracterizan por un bajo peso y buenas características de uso, sin que para ello se requiera un tratamiento térmico adicional.In this way, all variants of sheet metal steel according to the invention are especially suitable for manufacture of bodywork components, especially for outer plates of a car body, of wheels for vehicles, especially motor vehicles, of elements of non-magnetic construction of containers used in cryotechnics, of components deformed by high internal pressure or high external pressure, of tubes that are specially intended for manufacture of highly resistant engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods, of construction elements intended for protection against loads that impact in the form of impulses such as bombardment, or protective elements such as plates armored, or armor for the human or animal body. It also They can be manufactured from steel sheets according to the invention high-demand gear components that are characterized by a low weight and good characteristics of use, without that for it additional heat treatment is required.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10128544 | 2001-06-13 | ||
| DE10128544A DE10128544C2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | High-strength, cold-workable sheet steel, process for its production and use of such a sheet |
| PCT/EP2002/006480 WO2002101109A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-13 | Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel |
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| ES2292762T3 true ES2292762T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
| ES2292762T5 ES2292762T5 (en) | 2012-10-29 |
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| US (1) | US20030145911A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1309734B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4227010B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100536645B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1215188C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE370258T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2414138C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10128544C2 (en) |
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| WO2020115526A1 (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-11 | Arcelormittal | Cold rolled and annealed steel sheet, method of production thereof and use of such steel to produce vehicle parts |
| CN111926252B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-01-18 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Hot-rolled pickled steel plate for deep drawing and production method thereof |
| WO2023105272A1 (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Arcelormittal | Low density hot rolled steel, method of production thereof and use of such steel to produce vehicle parts |
| WO2023105271A1 (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Arcelormittal | Low density hot rolled steel, method of production thereof and use of such steel to produce vehicle parts |
| CN115058661A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-16 | 湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司 | High-carbon high-manganese steel plate and production method thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE899508C (en) * | 1944-02-27 | 1953-12-14 | Administration Sequestre Des R | Heat-resistant aluminum-manganese-silicon steel |
| DE1182844B (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1964-12-03 | Ford Werke Ag | Austenitic steel alloy |
| CH680267A4 (en) * | 1967-05-13 | 1969-11-14 | Straumann Inst Ag | Component with a temperature coefficient only slightly deviating from zero for a timing device |
| USH326H (en) * | 1984-05-22 | 1987-09-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Mn-Fe base and Mn-Cr-Fe base austenitic alloys |
| US4975335A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-12-04 | Fancy Steel Corporation | Fe-Mn-Al-C based alloy articles and parts and their treatments |
| JP3614869B2 (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 2005-01-26 | 財団法人電気磁気材料研究所 | High strength non-magnetic low thermal expansion alloy |
| DE19724661C2 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-10-28 | Leico Werkzeugmaschb Gmbh & Co | Process for producing a toothed gear part |
| DE19727759C2 (en) | 1997-07-01 | 2000-05-18 | Max Planck Inst Eisenforschung | Use of a lightweight steel |
| DE19900199A1 (en) | 1999-01-06 | 2000-07-13 | Ralf Uebachs | High strength light constructional steel for pre-stressed concrete reinforcements or automobile body components has high manganese and aluminum contents |
| FR2796083B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2001-08-31 | Usinor | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING IRON-CARBON-MANGANESE ALLOY STRIPS, AND STRIPS THUS PRODUCED |
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2001
- 2001-06-13 DE DE10128544A patent/DE10128544C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-06-13 DK DK02732754T patent/DK1309734T3/en active
- 2002-06-13 PT PT02732754T patent/PT1309734E/en unknown
- 2002-06-13 CA CA2414138A patent/CA2414138C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-13 WO PCT/EP2002/006480 patent/WO2002101109A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-13 US US10/344,192 patent/US20030145911A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-13 DE DE50210689T patent/DE50210689D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-13 KR KR10-2003-7001684A patent/KR100536645B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-13 EP EP02732754A patent/EP1309734B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-13 CN CNB028018923A patent/CN1215188C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2002-06-13 AT AT02732754T patent/ATE370258T1/en active
- 2002-06-13 JP JP2003503854A patent/JP4227010B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1215188C (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| DE10128544A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| CA2414138C (en) | 2012-12-11 |
| DE10128544C2 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
| PT1309734E (en) | 2007-11-28 |
| EP1309734B1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| ES2292762T5 (en) | 2012-10-29 |
| US20030145911A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| CN1463297A (en) | 2003-12-24 |
| WO2002101109A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
| DE50210689D1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| JP2004521192A (en) | 2004-07-15 |
| KR20030019908A (en) | 2003-03-07 |
| EP1309734B2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| JP4227010B2 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
| DK1309734T3 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
| ATE370258T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
| EP1309734A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
| CA2414138A1 (en) | 2002-12-02 |
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