ES2245578A1 - Connection device for coupling truck tractor and tow has disc incorporating brake gear that prevents free turning of towing platform about vertical axis - Google Patents
Connection device for coupling truck tractor and tow has disc incorporating brake gear that prevents free turning of towing platform about vertical axisInfo
- Publication number
- ES2245578A1 ES2245578A1 ES200302962A ES200302962A ES2245578A1 ES 2245578 A1 ES2245578 A1 ES 2245578A1 ES 200302962 A ES200302962 A ES 200302962A ES 200302962 A ES200302962 A ES 200302962A ES 2245578 A1 ES2245578 A1 ES 2245578A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- platform
- trailer
- coupling
- coupling device
- drag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002742 anti-folding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
- B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
- B62D53/08—Fifth wheel traction couplings
- B62D53/0871—Fifth wheel traction couplings with stabilising means, e.g. to prevent jack-knifing, pitching, rolling, buck jumping
- B62D53/0878—Fifth wheel traction couplings with stabilising means, e.g. to prevent jack-knifing, pitching, rolling, buck jumping the fifth wheel coupling incorporating braking or restraining means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Dispositivo de acoplamiento entre un camión tractor y su remolque.Docking device between a truck tractor and its trailer.
Los camiones montan en su parte posterior una plataforma de arrastre o quinta rueda en la que se acopla un vástago fijado en la zona frontal e inferior del remolque que gira libremente en esta plataforma, de forma tal que en determinadas circunstancias el ángulo que adoptan el camión con respecto al remolque deja de ser un ángulo llano para convertirse incluso en un ángulo recto o agudo y en consecuencia se produce el efecto tijera con desastrosas consecuencias para la seguridad vial, ya que este tipo de accidentes, además de ser desgraciadamente muy habitual, implica no solo un gran riesgo para el vehículo sino también para los restantes vehículos que se encuentra a su paso puesto que el camión y el remolque en estas circunstancias de plegado ocupan una gran anchura.The trucks ride a rear one drag platform or fifth wheel on which a rod fixed on the front and bottom of the rotating trailer freely on this platform, so that in certain circumstances the angle taken by the truck with respect to trailer ceases to be a flat angle to become even a right or acute angle and consequently the scissor effect occurs with disastrous consequences for road safety, since this type of accidents, in addition to being unfortunately very common, It implies not only a great risk for the vehicle but also for the remaining vehicles that are in its path since the truck and trailer in these folding circumstances occupy a large width
Para evitar este efecto anti-tijera se han intentado diversas soluciones, en el documento ES2000763 de Red Arrow se refiere a un método, aparato y sistema de control para el anti-plegado entre un camión y un remolque, que consiste en un aparato que proporciona un sistema de control al movimiento angular relativo entre ambos vehículos, adaptado para mover un limitador del ángulo que pueden formar en un engrane interpuesto entre la plataforma de enganche situada en el tractor de la quinta rueda. En el documento ES2014558 de Keiserman se describe un sistema para bloquear el movimiento angular relativo entre un vehículo de tracción y el semi-remolque en el que el movimiento angular se limita a un valor preestablecido por medio de un cerrojo que penetra en un ángulo central de la quinta rueda accionado electro-neumáticamente por la señal eléctrica que indica la activación de los frenos; de forma que cada vez que se produce un desequilibrio entre las fuerzas de fricción que actúan en los diversos neumáticos dando lugar a un movimiento angular involuntario entre el semi-remolque y el vehículo de tracción al ser accionados los frenos, este movimiento es bloqueado por el sistema que lo limita a un valor preestablecido. El documento ES2113252 de Guerra Salgado se refiere a un sistema anti-tijera que consta de dos brazos situados en la plataforma que forman el nervio del mecanismo, en su parte central se desliga un vástago que limita el giro entre las dos garras de la plataforma de arrastre de la quinta rueda permitiendo que el vehículo pueda trazar cualquier curva a velocidad superior a 30 Km./h.To avoid this effect Anti-scissors have tried various solutions, in Red Arrow ES2000763 it refers to a method, apparatus and control system for anti-folding between a truck and a trailer, which consists of an apparatus that provides a relative angular motion control system between both vehicles, adapted to move an angle limiter that can form in a gear interposed between the platform of hitch located on the fifth wheel tractor. In the document Keiserman ES2014558 describes a system to block the relative angular movement between a traction vehicle and the semi-trailer in which the angular movement is limited to a preset value by means of a bolt that penetrates a central angle of the fifth wheel driven electro-pneumatically by the electrical signal that indicates the activation of the brakes; so that every time produces an imbalance between the friction forces that act in the various tires giving rise to angular movement involuntary between the semi-trailer and the vehicle of traction when the brakes are applied, this movement is locked by the system that limits it to a preset value. Document ES2113252 of Guerra Salgado refers to a system anti-scissors consisting of two arms located in the platform that form the nerve of the mechanism, in its central part a rod that limits the rotation between the two claws of the fifth wheel drag platform allowing the vehicle can trace any curve at speed greater than 30 Km / h
En todos estos documentos se mantiene la configuración de la plataforma de arrastre o quinta rueda montada en la estructura con una configuración abierta hacia el frente y que define en el fondo un cajeado apto para introducir en él un vástago fijado en la parte frontal e inferior del remolque, el cual presenta una configuración cilíndrica de forma que gira libremente en su acoplamiento en la plataforma, limitándose los dispositivos anteriores descritos a establecer sistemas de limitación del ángulo que puede adoptar dicho vástago en su interior.In all these documents the configuration of the drag platform or fifth wheel mounted in the structure with an open front configuration and which defines in the background a box suitable for introducing a rod fixed on the front and bottom of the trailer, which presents a cylindrical configuration so that it rotates freely in its coupling on the platform, limiting the devices described above to establish angle limitation systems which can adopt said rod inside.
El dispositivo de la presente invención prevé también evitar el plegado o el efecto tijera entre el camión tractor y su remolque, empleando en este caso un acoplamiento fijo entre la plataforma de arrastre o quinta rueda montada en la estructura del camión tractor y el vástago fijado en la parte frontal inferior del remolque; ahora bien, para que el vehículo pueda trazar curvas en su recorrido la plataforma de arrastre se monta en un eje vertical provisto de unos rodamientos que permiten el libre giro de ésta con respecto a la estructura del camión tractor. La particularidad de este dispositivo radica que al presentar la plataforma de enganche un giro libre con respecto a la estructura del camión tractor, es fácil limitar el ángulo que puede adoptar o frenar su giro mediante la colocación de un disco unido axialmente, que incorpora en torno a él un mecanismo de frenado accionado desde el vehículo tractor que impide con su acción el libre giro del eje y consecuentemente de la plataforma de arrastre, para así impedir la formación de ángulos de tijera entre el camión tractor y el remolque que pudieran afectar a la circulación del vehículo.The device of the present invention provides also avoid folding or scissor effect between the truck tractor and its trailer, using in this case a fixed coupling between the drag platform or fifth wheel mounted on the structure of the tractor truck and the rod fixed in the part lower front of the trailer; now so that the vehicle can draw curves in its path the drag platform is mounted on a vertical axis provided with bearings that allow the free turn of this one with respect to the structure of the truck tractor. The particularity of this device is that at present the free spin hitch platform with respect to the tractor truck structure, it is easy to limit the angle that can adopt or curb your turn by placing a attached disk axially, which incorporates a braking mechanism around it driven from the towing vehicle that prevents with its action the free rotation of the shaft and consequently of the platform drag, to prevent the formation of scissors angles between the tractor truck and the trailer that could affect the Vehicle circulation
Estas y otras características de la presente invención se comprenderán más fácilmente con la ayuda de la descripción siguiente efectuada en base a un ejemplo práctico de realización; esta descripción se apoya en los dibujos del plano anexo, en los que:These and other features of this invention will be more easily understood with the help of the following description based on a practical example of realization; This description is based on the drawings of the plan Annex, in which:
La figura 1 muestra una vista en una sección vertical del dispositivo de acoplamiento entre un camión tractor y su remolque realizado conforme a la presente invención.Figure 1 shows a view in a section vertical coupling device between a tractor truck and your trailer made in accordance with the present invention.
La figura 2 representa una vista en perspectiva de la plataforma de arrastre (1) o quinta rueda y del vástago (2) del que debe disponer el remolque para ser apto para este tipo de plataforma.Figure 2 represents a perspective view of the drag platform (1) or fifth wheel and of the rod (2) which must have the trailer to be suitable for this type of platform.
La figura 3 muestra una vista en alzado equivalente a la figura 1 de una solución distinta de un dispositivo de acoplamiento realizado igualmente conforme a esta invención.Figure 3 shows an elevation view equivalent to figure 1 of a solution other than a coupling device also carried out in accordance with this invention.
La figura 4 representa una vista en perspectiva de un suplemento (8) para adaptar a los vehículos convencionales a fin de habilitarlos a un remolque provisto de un dispositivo realizado conforme a la presente invención.Figure 4 represents a perspective view of a supplement (8) to adapt to conventional vehicles to in order to enable them to a trailer equipped with a device performed in accordance with the present invention.
La figura 5 muestra una vista en perspectiva y en despiece de un dispositivo montado sobre una caja anti-bloqueo de la quinta rueda.Figure 5 shows a perspective view and Exploded view of a device mounted on a box fifth wheel anti-lock.
En las figuras 1 y 3 se observa una plataforma de arrastre (1) montada sobre la estructura (7) del camión tractor a través de un eje vertical (3) que monta en torno a él unos rodamientos (4), de forma que dicha plataforma de arrastre (1) gira libremente con respecto a la estructura soporte (7) permitiendo así la circulación del vehículo al poder adoptar distintos ángulos entre el camión tractor y su remolque. En la figura 2 se observa el acoplamiento entre la plataforma de arrastre (1) y el vástago (2), que por su configuración poligonal mantienen una unión fija en la que no es posible el giro relativo entre ambos elementos sino que, por el contrario, el giro del tractor con respecto a la remolque lo establece la plataforma (1) y no la unión entre ésta y el vástago (2) del remolque.In Figures 1 and 3 a platform is observed towing (1) mounted on the structure (7) of the tractor truck through a vertical axis (3) that mounts around it bearings (4), so that said drag platform (1) rotates freely with respect to the support structure (7) allowing thus the circulation of the vehicle to be able to adopt different angles between the tractor truck and its trailer. Figure 2 shows the coupling between the drag platform (1) and the rod (2), which by its polygonal configuration maintain a fixed union in the that the relative rotation between both elements is not possible but that, on the contrary, the rotation of the tractor with respect to the trailer it is established by platform (1) and not the union between it and the trailer rod (2).
Así dispuesta esta configuración de plataforma (1) y vástago (2) con un acoplamiento invariablemente entre ambos elementos y la posibilidad de rotación de la plataforma (1) con respecto a la estructura (7) del camión se dispone, solidario al eje (3) en el que gira la plataforma (1), un disco (5) sobre el cual se monta un dispositivo de frenado (6) que delimita o impide la adopción de ángulos excesivamente acusados entre el camión y el remolque que pudieran afectar a la seguridad de la circulación.Thus arranged this platform configuration (1) and rod (2) with a coupling invariably between the two elements and the possibility of platform rotation (1) with With respect to the structure (7) of the truck, it is arranged in solidarity with axis (3) on which the platform (1) rotates, a disc (5) on the which is mounted a braking device (6) that delimits or prevents the adoption of excessively sharp angles between the truck and the trailer that could affect traffic safety.
En la figura 1 el buje que monta los rodamientos (4) y el disco de frenado (6) se montan por encima de la estructura (7) del remolque, entre ésta y la plataforma de arrastre (1) que queda así ligeramente levantada. Por el contrario, en la figura 3 el buje que monta los rodamientos (4) y el disco de freno (6) se montan por debajo de la estructura (7) del remolque, quedando en este caso la plataforma (1) directamente situada encima de dicha estructura (7) y siempre con posibilidad de giro con respecto a ella.In figure 1 the bushing that mounts the bearings (4) and the brake disc (6) are mounted above the structure (7) of the trailer, between it and the tow platform (1) that It is thus slightly raised. On the contrary, in figure 3 the bushing that mounts the bearings (4) and the brake disc (6) are mounted below the structure (7) of the trailer, remaining in in this case the platform (1) directly located above said structure (7) and always with the possibility of turning with respect to she.
En la figura 2 se observa una plataforma de arrastre (1) que presenta una configuración abierta hacia el frente de configuración poligonal, triangular en este caso, con el vértice orientado hacia la parte delantera del remolque y la base del triángulo orientada hacia la parte posterior, todo ello de conformidad con la configuración del vástago de enganche (2) que presenta asimismo una forma prismática triangular homóloga a la de dicha abertura, capaz de entrar en ella desde la zona anterior hacia atrás hasta quedar inmovilizada en la plataforma (1) imposibilitado de giro en cualquier sentido.Figure 2 shows a platform of drag (1) that has an open front configuration polygonal configuration, triangular in this case, with the vertex facing the front of the trailer and the base of the triangle facing the back, all of compliance with the hitch rod configuration (2) that it also presents a triangular prismatic form homologous to that of said opening, capable of entering it from the anterior zone backward until immobilized on the platform (1) unable to turn in any direction.
En la figura 4 se observa un suplemento (8) de configuración poligonal equivalente al vástago (2) mostrado en la figura 2, provisto de un orificio axial (9) acorde al de un vástago convencional (10), que permite montarlo en él e inmovilizarlo por medio de una chaveta o un medio similar, para así poder acoplar remolques provistos de sistemas de acoplamiento convencionales sobre un vehículo previsto con este dispositivo anti-tijera, sin más que previamente modificar la configuración del vástago convencional (10) montado sobre él en idéntica posición que en el caso anterior este suplemento (8), para convertirlo así en un vástago equivalente al referenciado como (2) en las restantes figuras.Figure 4 shows a supplement (8) of polygonal configuration equivalent to the rod (2) shown in the Figure 2, provided with an axial hole (9) according to that of a rod conventional (10), which allows to mount it and immobilize it by means of a key or similar means, in order to be able to couple trailers equipped with conventional coupling systems on a vehicle intended with this device anti-scissors, without previously modifying the configuration of the conventional rod (10) mounted on it in identical position as in the previous case this supplement (8), for turn it into a rod equivalent to the one referred to as (2) in the remaining figures.
En la figura 5 se observa un dispositivo que presenta una caja antibloqueo (4) provista de una serie de topes soldados radiales (12), que se alternan con otros tantos topes (13) fijados exteriormente en el buje (4) interponiéndose entre dos topes consecutivos un muelle (14), de forma que la compresión y distensión de los mismos permite una cierta flexibilidad en el movimiento de giro de la plataforma de arrastre (1) evitando así posibles roturas en esta pieza.Figure 5 shows a device that presents an anti-lock box (4) provided with a series of stops radial soldiers (12), which alternate with as many stops (13) externally fixed on the bushing (4) interposing between two consecutive stops a spring (14), so that the compression and distension of them allows a certain flexibility in the rotation movement of the drag platform (1) thus avoiding possible breaks in this piece.
Así montado este dispositivo el accionamiento del freno (6) que actúa sobre el disco (5) solidario al eje (3) de la plataforma (1) se conecta al circuito de frenado del tractor y se acciona cada vez que se actúan sobre los frenos de los vehículos. Se evitan así situaciones tales como las que se producen cuando por ejemplo el vehículo baja una cuesta y el tractor frena y disminuye la velocidad, la carga del remolque impulsa esta parte con mayor fuerza, si se produce un desalineamiento con el suelo mojado puede producirse el efecto tijera, pero en el dispositivo aquí descrito cuando se frena el camión tractor se frena también la posibilidad de que el remolque gire con respecto a él, o sea que adopte un ángulo muy alejado de 180° con respecto al conjunto del vehículo, con lo cual se está impidiendo la formación de la tijera hasta que se deja de frenar; pero en ese momento el camión volverá a ser el vehículo tractor con lo cual tirará del remolque y así tenderá a mantener el convoy alineado.So mounted this device the drive of the brake (6) acting on the disc (5) integral with the shaft (3) of the platform (1) is connected to the tractor braking circuit and it is activated every time the brakes of the vehicles. This avoids situations such as those they produce when for example the vehicle lowers a slope and the tractor slows and slows down, trailer load it drives this part with greater force, if a misalignment with wet ground may have the effect scissors, but in the device described here when the tractor truck also slows the possibility of the trailer rotate with respect to it, that is to say that it adopts an angle very far from 180 ° with respect to the whole vehicle, which is preventing the formation of scissors until it stops braking; but at that time the truck will be the tractor vehicle with which will pull the trailer and thus tend to keep the convoy aligned.
Los materiales, forma y disposición de los elementos serán susceptibles de variación siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración de las características esenciales del invento, que se reivindican a continuación.The materials, form and arrangement of elements will be subject to variation as long as it does not suppose an alteration of the essential characteristics of the invention, which are claimed below.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200302962A ES2245578B1 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Connection device for coupling truck tractor and tow has disc incorporating brake gear that prevents free turning of towing platform about vertical axis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200302962A ES2245578B1 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Connection device for coupling truck tractor and tow has disc incorporating brake gear that prevents free turning of towing platform about vertical axis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2245578A1 true ES2245578A1 (en) | 2006-01-01 |
| ES2245578B1 ES2245578B1 (en) | 2007-02-16 |
Family
ID=35614413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200302962A Expired - Fee Related ES2245578B1 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Connection device for coupling truck tractor and tow has disc incorporating brake gear that prevents free turning of towing platform about vertical axis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2245578B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2487065A1 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-19 | Ramón BERNUS LAFUENTE | System for the active reduction of scissor and zigzag effects on tractor trucks with semi-trailer (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2130004A (en) * | 1937-08-30 | 1938-09-13 | Fusetti Jack | Fifth wheel brake |
| US3874699A (en) * | 1968-11-23 | 1975-04-01 | Artiloc Inc | Devices for inhibiting the jack-knifing of articulated vehicles |
| US4065149A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1977-12-27 | Safe Track Manufacturing Limited | Anti-jackknife apparatus |
| GB2019332A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-10-31 | Wright B | Anti-jack-knifing devices |
| US4385772A (en) * | 1979-10-11 | 1983-05-31 | Mackey Patrick J | Method of releasably coupling articulated vehicles and preventing jack-knifing |
| US5224727A (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1993-07-06 | Chester Ramskugler | Anti-jackknifing mechanism |
| US5259640A (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1993-11-09 | Mackey Patrick J | Apparatus and methods for inhibiting jackknifing of articulated vehicles |
-
2003
- 2003-12-16 ES ES200302962A patent/ES2245578B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2130004A (en) * | 1937-08-30 | 1938-09-13 | Fusetti Jack | Fifth wheel brake |
| US3874699A (en) * | 1968-11-23 | 1975-04-01 | Artiloc Inc | Devices for inhibiting the jack-knifing of articulated vehicles |
| US4065149A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1977-12-27 | Safe Track Manufacturing Limited | Anti-jackknife apparatus |
| GB2019332A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-10-31 | Wright B | Anti-jack-knifing devices |
| US4385772A (en) * | 1979-10-11 | 1983-05-31 | Mackey Patrick J | Method of releasably coupling articulated vehicles and preventing jack-knifing |
| US5259640A (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1993-11-09 | Mackey Patrick J | Apparatus and methods for inhibiting jackknifing of articulated vehicles |
| US5224727A (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1993-07-06 | Chester Ramskugler | Anti-jackknifing mechanism |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2487065A1 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-19 | Ramón BERNUS LAFUENTE | System for the active reduction of scissor and zigzag effects on tractor trucks with semi-trailer (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2245578B1 (en) | 2007-02-16 |
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