ES2238933B1 - TREATMENT AND REUSE PROCESS OF TEXTILE EFFLUENTS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES. - Google Patents
TREATMENT AND REUSE PROCESS OF TEXTILE EFFLUENTS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES.Info
- Publication number
- ES2238933B1 ES2238933B1 ES200400434A ES200400434A ES2238933B1 ES 2238933 B1 ES2238933 B1 ES 2238933B1 ES 200400434 A ES200400434 A ES 200400434A ES 200400434 A ES200400434 A ES 200400434A ES 2238933 B1 ES2238933 B1 ES 2238933B1
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- treatment
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- textile
- dyes
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006385 ozonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010918 textile wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
Proceso de tratamiento y reutilización de efluentes textiles por técnicas electroquímicas. La presente invención se refiere a un método de tratamiento y reutilización de aguas residuales o efluentes procedentes de la tintura de fibras textiles individuales o en mezclas, mediante la decoloración por técnicas electroquímicas, la posterior irradiación opcional con luz ultravioleta y la reutilización del agua decolorada y del electrolito y otros auxiliares que ésta contiene en nuevos procesos de tintura.Process of treatment and reuse of textile effluents by electrochemical techniques. The present invention relates to a method of treatment and reuse of wastewater or effluent from the dyeing of individual textile fibers or in mixtures, by decolorization by electrochemical techniques, the subsequent optional irradiation with ultraviolet light and the reuse of discolored water and of the electrolyte and other auxiliaries that it contains in new dyeing processes.
Description
Proceso de tratamiento y reutilización de efluentes textiles por técnicas electroquímicas.Treatment and reuse process of textile effluents by electrochemical techniques.
La invención se encuadra en el sector técnico de
procesos de depuración de aguas residuales, más concretamente en la
decoloración (total o parcial) de los efluentes procedentes de la
tintura textil, empleando técnicas electroquímicas. El sistema
electroquímico ya sea externo o acoplado en un depósito de la propia
máquina de tintura produce efluentes decolorados los cuales se
almacenan para su reutilización en nuevas tinturas. Opcionalmente,
el agua ya tratada puede ser irradiada con luz ultravioleta durante
su almacenamiento para aumentar la velocidad de
decolora-
ción.The invention falls within the technical sector of wastewater purification processes, more specifically in the bleaching (total or partial) of effluents from textile dyeing, using electrochemical techniques. The electrochemical system, whether external or coupled in a tank of the dyeing machine itself, produces bleached effluents which are stored for reuse in new dyes. Optionally, the treated water can be irradiated with ultraviolet light during storage to increase the rate of discoloration.
tion.
Una de las principales características de las aguas residuales textiles es su elevada coloración. La mayoría de colorantes textiles no son tóxicos, pero su presencia en el medio acuático impide que parte de la luz solar llegue al fondo del mismo, poniendo en peligro la subsistencia de las especies animales y vegetales de la zona. Además, tiene el inconveniente de provocar un desagradable efecto visual en los ríos. Es por este motivo que las administraciones encargadas de controlar los vertidos imponen limitaciones a la descarga de efluentes con color.One of the main characteristics of the Textile wastewater is its high coloration. most of Textile dyes are not toxic, but their presence in the medium aquatic prevents part of sunlight from reaching the bottom of the itself, endangering the subsistence of animal species and vegetables from the area. In addition, it has the disadvantage of causing An unpleasant visual effect on the rivers. It is for this reason that administrations responsible for controlling spills impose limitations on the discharge of effluents with color.
Los procesos convencionales de depuración biológica por fangos activados no eliminan el color de forma satisfactoria ya que los colorantes son poco biodegradables. De tal manera que se hace necesaria la aplicación de tratamientos terciarios para decolorar los efluentes textiles, entre los que destacan:Conventional debugging processes Biological activated sludge does not eliminate color satisfactory since the dyes are not very biodegradable. Such way that the application of treatments is necessary tertiary to discolor textile effluents, among which stand out:
- --
- Procesos de coagulación-floculación.Processes of coagulation-flocculation.
- --
- Adición de carbón activo.Addition of activated carbon.
- --
- Tratamiento con ozono.Ozone treatment
- --
- Procesos de membrana.Membrane processes
En este sentido, diferentes documentos de patente proponen la utilización de alguna de estas técnicas para depurar efluentes textiles. La patente norteamericana US5750035 y la belga BE865452 presentan procesos de coagulación-floculación. La patente japonesa JP50066956 propone la adsorción del colorante sobre carbón activo. La patente estadounidense US66315887 aplica la ozonización y la alemana DE19725096 elimina el colorante reactivo de aguas residuales fuertemente coloreadas mediante la adición de un agente complejante y una posterior filtración de membrana.In this sense, different documents of patent propose the use of any of these techniques to purify textile effluents. US patent US5750035 and the Belgian BE865452 present processes of coagulation-flocculation. Japanese patent JP50066956 proposes the adsorption of the dye on activated carbon. US Patent US66315887 applies ozonation and German DE19725096 removes the reactive water dye strongly colored residuals by adding an agent complexing and subsequent membrane filtration.
Junto a los procesos señalados anteriormente y que ya han sido aplicados industrialmente, en los últimos años han surgido nuevas tecnologías destinadas a la eliminación del color, entre las que destaca la decoloración electroquímica. Así, la patente US3915820 presenta un proceso para depurar aguas residuales de tintura por electrolisis del colorante.Together with the processes indicated above and that have already been applied industrially, in recent years they have new technologies for color removal have emerged, among which electrochemical discoloration stands out. So, the US3915820 patent presents a process to purify wastewater of tincture by electrolysis of the dye.
La decoloración electroquímica ofrece las ventajas de ser un método fácilmente controlable, que se aplica en condiciones de operación suaves (temperatura ambiente y presión atmosférica) y que no añade productos químicos al agua tratada. Las técnicas electroquímicas están especialmente indicadas para tratar efluentes residuales con colorantes reactivos.Electrochemical discoloration offers the advantages of being an easily controllable method, which is applied in smooth operating conditions (ambient temperature and pressure atmospheric) and that does not add chemicals to the treated water. The electrochemical techniques are especially indicated to treat residual effluents with reactive dyes.
Los colorantes reactivos son ampliamente utilizados en el sector algodonero ya que dan lugar a colores muy brillantes y a unas tinturas de elevada solidez. Sin embargo, su utilización supone un importante problema medioambiental, ya que tienen un grado de agotamiento bajo (60%-90%) y necesitan de la adición de una gran concentración de electrolito (principalmente cloruro sódico o sulfato sódico) para llevar a cabo la tintura. En consecuencia, la tintura con colorantes reactivos genera grandes volúmenes de agua residual muy coloreada y de elevada salinidad. En contrapartida, la sal que contienen estos efluentes sirve como electrolito en el proceso de decoloración electroquímica.Reactive dyes are widely used in the cotton sector since they give rise to very colors bright and very solid tinctures. However, their use is an important environmental problem, since they have a low degree of exhaustion (60% -90%) and need the addition of a large concentration of electrolyte (mainly sodium chloride or sodium sulfate) to carry out the tincture. In consequently, dyeing with reactive dyes generates large volumes of waste water very colored and high salinity. In In contrast, the salt contained in these effluents serves as electrolyte in the process of electrochemical discoloration.
Los efluentes decolorados son susceptibles de ser reutilizados en nuevas tinturas con colorantes reactivos. Esta reutilización supone un ahorro en el consumo de agua y de electrolito, así como la reducción de la descarga de sal en los acuíferos, con la consiguiente mejora del impacto ambiental. Uygur [Coloration technology, 117: 111-113 (2001)] reutiliza un 10% de un baño de tintura que contenía colorantes reactivos, decolorándolo con H_{2}O_{2} y luz ultravioleta. Perkins y col. [Textile Chemist and Colorist, 28 (1): 31-37] han diseñado a escala de planta piloto un sistema que integra un ozonizador a la máquina de tintura.Bleached effluents are likely to be reused in new dyes with reactive dyes. This reuse represents a saving in water and electrolyte consumption, as well as the reduction of salt discharge in aquifers, with the consequent improvement of the environmental impact. Uygur [ Coloration technology , 117: 111-113 (2001)] reuses 10% of a dye bath containing reactive dyes, decolorizing it with H2O2 and ultraviolet light. Perkins et al. [Textile Chemist and Colorist, 28 (1): 31-37] have designed on a pilot plant scale a system that integrates an ozonator to the dyeing machine.
La presente invención establece un proceso de reutilización de efluentes residuales de tintura (previamente decolorados) en una célula de electrolisis donde se destruye el colorante. En este proceso se acopla una planta de tratamiento electroquímico al sistema de tintura, de forma que el agua una vez decolorada es reenviada a la máquina de tintura, consiguiendo así el máximo aprovechamiento de agua y del electrolito de tintura.The present invention establishes a process of reuse of residual dye effluents (previously discolored) in an electrolysis cell where the Colorant. In this process a treatment plant is coupled electrochemical to the dyeing system, so that the water once discolored is forwarded to the dyeing machine, thus achieving maximum use of water and tincture electrolyte.
La presente invención se refiere a un método de tratamiento y reutilización de aguas residuales o efluentes procedentes de la tintura de fibras textiles.The present invention relates to a method of wastewater or effluent treatment and reuse from the dyeing of textile fibers.
El nuevo proceso consta de las tres etapas siguientes:The new process consists of the three stages following:
- 1.one.
- Decoloración de dichos efluentes empleando técnicas electroquímicas para destruir total o parcialmente los colorantes residuales que contienen (colorantes reactivos o de otro tipo).Discoloration of these effluents using electrochemical techniques to destroy total or partially residual dyes they contain (dyes reagents or other).
- 2.2.
- Almacenamiento en un depósito o tanque donde, si es necesario, se irradian con luz ultravioleta para aumentar su velocidad de decoloración.Storage in a tank or tank where, if necessary, they are irradiated with ultraviolet light to Increase its rate of discoloration.
- 3.3.
- Reutilización del agua decolorada y del electrolito que ésta contiene en un nuevo proceso de tintura.Reuse of discolored water and electrolyte that it contains in a new process of tincture.
En la primera etapa, la decoloración se lleva a cabo mediante el empleo de una célula electrolítica capaz de degradar los colorantes, a través de la cual se bombea el efluente. Se fijan el caudal de trabajo y la intensidad de la corriente eléctrica en función de los colorantes empleados en el proceso y de la materia orgánica que contenga el efluente, de forma que a la salida de la célula electrolítica se aprecie a simple vista una decoloración del agua residual, ya sea total o parcial.In the first stage, the discoloration takes to out by using an electrolytic cell capable of Degrade the dyes, through which the effluent is pumped. The workflow and current intensity are set electric depending on the dyes used in the process and the organic matter that contains the effluent, so that the electrolyte cell output is visible to the naked eye a decolorization of wastewater, either total or partial.
El efluente tratado en la célula electroquímica se almacena en un tanque o depósito que puede ser externo a la máquina de tintura o puede formar parte de la misma máquina. Sobre este depósito se coloca una luz ultravioleta que actúa como catalizador para acelerar la decoloración de los efluentes parcialmente decolorados por el tratamiento electroquímico (etapa 2).The treated effluent in the electrochemical cell It is stored in a tank or tank that can be external to the dyeing machine or can be part of the same machine. On this reservoir is placed an ultraviolet light that acts as catalyst to accelerate the fading of effluents partially discolored by electrochemical treatment (stage 2).
Las etapas 1 y 2 pueden unificarse, utilizando el depósito para formar una célula electroquímica que opera de forma discontinua (en batch). En este caso, se introducen los electrodos dentro del depósito y se conectan a una fuente de alimentación, con lo que la decoloración se efectúa en el mismo tanque de almacenamiento.Stages 1 and 2 can be unified, using the reservoir to form an electrochemical cell that operates from discontinuous form (in batch). In this case, the electrodes inside the reservoir and connect to a source of feeding, so that the discoloration is carried out in the same storage tank.
Finalmente, en la etapa 3 se procede a la reutilización del agua decolorada y del electrolito que ésta contiene en un nuevo proceso de tintura. Para ello, es necesario reponer la cantidad de agua y de electrolito que se pierde durante el proceso de tintura (del orden de un 30% de la cantidad inicial). Posteriormente, se ajusta el pH requerido para proceder a la nueva tintura y se añade el colorante necesario y en su caso, los productos auxiliares pertinentes.Finally, in stage 3 we proceed to the reuse of discolored water and electrolyte that it Contains in a new dyeing process. For this, it is necessary replenish the amount of water and electrolyte lost during the dyeing process (of the order of 30% of the initial amount). Subsequently, the pH required to proceed to the new one is adjusted tincture and the necessary dye is added and, where appropriate, relevant auxiliary products.
La presente invención se ilustra adicionalmente mediante los siguientes ejemplos, los cuales no podrán ser limitativos de su alcance.The present invention is further illustrated. through the following examples, which may not be limiting its scope.
Las condiciones generales de tintura de tejido de punto de algodón son las 15 siguientes:The general conditions of tissue dyeing Knitted cotton are the following 15:
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- La relación de baño es 1/10, esto significa que se necesitan 10 litros de agua por cada kilogramo de tejido.The bath ratio is 1/10, this means that 10 liters are needed of water per kilogram of tissue.
- --
- El colorante reactivo se emplea a una proporción de un 3% sobre el peso del tejido, lo que supone una concentración de 3 g/L.He reactive dye is used at a proportion of 3% on weight of the tissue, which means a concentration of 3 g / L.
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- Se usa cloruro sódico como electrolito a una concentración de 80 g/L.It's used sodium chloride as an electrolyte at a concentration of 80 g / L.
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- El álcali utilizado durante el proceso de tintura es carbonato sódico a la concentración de 20 g/L o una mezcla de carbonato sódico y sosa cáustica (5 g/L y 0,5 g/L respectivamente) u otros productos inorgánicos u orgánicos alcalinos.He alkali used during the dyeing process is sodium carbonate to the concentration of 20 g / L or a mixture of sodium carbonate and soda caustic (5 g / L and 0.5 g / L respectively) or other products inorganic or organic alkaline.
En primer lugar se disuelve el colorante y el cloruro sódico en el agua y ésta, junto con el tejido, se introducen en el tanque de tintura (sistema all in). El proceso de tintura empieza a una temperatura de 50ºC. Al cabo de 15 minutos, la temperatura debe incrementarse hasta los 80ºC con un gradiente de 1,4ºC/min. Transcurridos 30 minutos después de haber alcanzado los 80ºC, se adiciona el álcali y se prosigue la tintura durante una hora más. Una vez finalizado el proceso se comprueba el pH, verificando que éste sea aproximadamente 10-11.First the dye and the sodium chloride are dissolved in the water and this, together with the tissue, are introduced into the dye tank ( all in system). The dyeing process begins at a temperature of 50 ° C. After 15 minutes, the temperature should be increased to 80 ° C with a gradient of 1.4 ° C / min. After 30 minutes after reaching 80 ° C, the alkali is added and the tincture is continued for another hour. Once the process is finished, the pH is checked, verifying that it is approximately 10-11.
Después de la tintura, el tejido retiene aproximadamente un 30% de agua y de electrolito. Así, el efluente residual estará compuesto por un 70% del agua y del electrolito empleado inicialmente para la tintura. Además, este efluente contiene el colorante reactivo hidrolizado (no fijado en el tejido), así como otras materias orgánicas propias del tejido o añadidas durante su procesado previo, que son extraíbles durante el proceso de tintura.After dyeing, the tissue retains approximately 30% water and electrolyte. So, the effluent Waste will consist of 70% of the water and electrolyte initially used for dyeing. In addition, this effluent contains the hydrolyzed reactive dye (not fixed in the tissue), as well as other organic materials of the fabric or added during their previous processing, which are removable during the process Tincture
Dicho efluente residual de tintura se trata en una célula electroquímica. El agua residual se suministra a la célula por medio de una bomba centrífuga. La célula opera en continuo, a un caudal regulable entre 2,5 y 25 L/h. La fuente de alimentación permite regular la intensidad de corriente entre 0 y 25 A. La diferencia de potencial es variable entre 0 y 40 V, según la intensidad aplicada y la conductividad del agua. Los electrodos tienen una superficie de 500 cm^{2} y están constituidos por un núcleo de titanio recubierto de óxidos de metales nobles, principalmente platino.Said residual dye effluent is treated in An electrochemical cell. Wastewater is supplied to the cell by means of a centrifugal pump. The cell operates in continuous, at an adjustable flow rate between 2.5 and 25 L / h. Source supply allows to regulate the current intensity between 0 and 25 A. The potential difference is variable between 0 and 40 V, according to the applied intensity and water conductivity. Electrodes they have an area of 500 cm2 and are constituted by a titanium core coated with noble metal oxides, mainly platinum.
Las condiciones del tratamiento son las siguientes:The treatment conditions are the following:
El efluente residual de tintura se decolora en la célula electrolítica, ajustando el caudal a 20 L/h y la intensidad de corriente a 6 A. En estas condiciones se genera una diferencia de potencial de 12 V. El agua tratada y decolorada se almacena en el tanque correspondiente.The residual dye effluent is discolored in the electrolytic cell, adjusting the flow rate to 20 L / h and the current intensity at 6 A. Under these conditions a potential difference of 12 V. The treated and discolored water is Store in the corresponding tank.
Para su reutilización se procede de la siguiente manera:For reuse proceed as follows way:
- --
- Se adiciona del volumen de agua perdido en el proceso de tintura al ser adsorbida por el tejido.Be adds the volume of water lost in the dyeing process to be adsorbed by tissue.
- --
- Se ajusta el pH del agua a 7 (pH inicial del baño de tintura).Be adjust the pH of the water to 7 (initial pH of the dye bath).
- --
- Se valora la concentración de cloruros presentes en el agua para conocer la cantidad de cloruro sódico que debe añadirse.Be assess the concentration of chlorides present in the water to Know the amount of sodium chloride to be added.
- --
- Se adiciona la cantidad de cloruro sódico necesaria para alcanzar la concentración de electrolito requerida en la siguiente tintura.Be add the amount of sodium chloride needed to reach the electrolyte concentration required in the following tincture.
- --
- Se reajusta la cantidad de colorante, según el número de reutilizaciones efectuadas.Be Readjust the amount of dye, according to the number of reuses made.
Una vez preparado el nuevo baño, se procede a realizar otra tintura en las condiciones fijadas.Once the new bath is prepared, proceed to make another dye in the conditions set.
En la figura 1 se representa un esquema del proceso de tratamiento y reutilización de efluentes textiles por técnicas electroquímicas. En la máquina de tintura (1) se genera un agua residual que, después de pasar por un filtro (2), se almacena en un depósito (3) desde donde se envía a la célula electroquímica (4). En esta célula, mediante la aplicación de corriente eléctrica, se lleva a cabo la decoloración del agua residual por degradación del colorante que contiene. Una vez finalizado el tratamiento electroquímico se recoge el agua en un depósito (5) donde, si es necesario para concluir el proceso de decoloración, se irradia el agua con una lampara de luz ultravioleta (6). El agua residual tratada que todavía contiene el electrolito y puede contener también otros auxiliares, se introduce nuevamente en la máquina de tintura (1), de forma que se reutilizan todos ellos en un nuevo proceso de tintura.A diagram of the process of treatment and reuse of textile effluents by electrochemical techniques A dyeing machine (1) generates a wastewater that, after passing through a filter (2), is stored in a tank (3) from where it is sent to the electrochemical cell (4). In this cell, by applying electrical current, waste water decolorization is carried out by degradation of the dye it contains. Once the treatment is finished Electrochemical collects water in a tank (5) where, if it is necessary to complete the fading process, the water with an ultraviolet lamp (6). Waste water treated that still contains the electrolyte and may contain also other auxiliaries, it is introduced again in the machine tincture (1), so that all of them are reused in a new dyeing process
En el esquema presentado en la figura 2, el agua residual generada en la maquina de tintura (1) pasa por un filtro (2) hasta un depósito (3 y 5) que tiene acoplada la célula electroquímica (4) y donde el agua es decolorada. En este mismo depósito, opcionalmente, se puede acelerar o concluir el proceso de decoloración mediante la irradiación con una lámpara de luz ultravioleta (6). El agua tratada así como el electrolito y otros auxiliares que puede contener se reutilizan nuevamente en la maquina de tintura (1).In the scheme presented in Figure 2, water waste generated in the dyeing machine (1) passes through a filter (2) to a tank (3 and 5) that has the cell attached electrochemical (4) and where the water is discolored. In this same deposit, optionally, you can speed up or conclude the process of discoloration by irradiation with a light lamp ultraviolet (6). The treated water as well as the electrolyte and others auxiliaries that it may contain are reused again in the dyeing machine (1).
Es decir, el esquema expuesto en la figura 2 supone una variante del proceso representado en la figura 1. El esquema descrito en la figura 1 está formado por dos depósitos (en los que se almacena separadamente el agua residual sin tratar y el agua tratada) y la célula electroquímica es independiente de éstos. En el esquema representado en la figura 2 la célula electroquímica está acoplada a un único depósito donde el agua de tintura es almacenada y tratada.That is, the scheme set out in Figure 2 assumes a variant of the process represented in figure 1. The scheme described in figure 1 is formed by two deposits (in those that are stored separately untreated wastewater and the treated water) and the electrochemical cell is independent of these. In the scheme represented in figure 2 the electrochemical cell It is coupled to a single tank where the dye water is stored and treated.
Claims (5)
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| ES2395318B1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-12-18 | Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya | PROCESSING AND REUSE OF TEXTILE EFFLUENTS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES. |
| ES2692244B2 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-04-12 | Univ Catalunya Politecnica | Batch procedure for continuous treatment of liquid effluents by electrochemical techniques for their purification |
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| US3485729A (en) * | 1967-06-29 | 1969-12-23 | Crompton & Knowles Corp | Electrolytic treatment of waste dye liquor |
| DE69937130T2 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2008-01-10 | Canon K.K. | Method and apparatus for treating colored liquids |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| LESHEM, E.N ET AL."Textile wastewater recycling by electrochemical oxidation" AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, (2002), Vol. 42 (2), páginas 496-500, todo el documento. * |
| VLYSSIDES, A.G. ET AL. "Testing an electrochemical method for treatment of textile dye wastewater" Waste Management, (2000), Vol. 20, páginas 569-574, todo el documento. * |
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