EP4363934A1 - Elektronische überwachung von rein mechanischen uhren zum zweck der prädiktiven wartung - Google Patents
Elektronische überwachung von rein mechanischen uhren zum zweck der prädiktiven wartungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4363934A1 EP4363934A1 EP22728804.0A EP22728804A EP4363934A1 EP 4363934 A1 EP4363934 A1 EP 4363934A1 EP 22728804 A EP22728804 A EP 22728804A EP 4363934 A1 EP4363934 A1 EP 4363934A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- watch
- clock
- microchip
- energy
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
- G04D7/006—Testing apparatus for complete clockworks with regard to external influences or general good working
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G21/00—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces
- G04G21/04—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces using radio waves
Definitions
- Predictive Maintenance Data analysis methods and algorithms for the purpose of predictive maintenance (Predictive Maintenance) in order to offer customers optimal service offers / service plans and to address them with tailor-made product and marketing offers o Making counterfeit products less attractive as they can be clearly identified electronically and remotely
- Figure 2 shows an alternative module outside the clock
- the module Deployment of a very small and low-power module in the watch - hereinafter referred to as "the module” - using a microchip with appropriate sensors / MEMS including microphone (as listed below) and wireless connectivity (e.g. Bluetooth Low Energy, NFC, optical) to a receiver (directly to a smartphone or PC, indirectly to IT backend / cloud systems via the smartphone and/or PC connection).
- the module e.g. Bluetooth Low Energy, NFC, optical
- the module receives the exact current time and date (to set its internal real-time clock (RTC) accordingly), software updates, authentication and maintenance/diagnostic commands (the results of which are transferred back to the receiver).
- Identification and authentication data (keys, certificates, ...) are securely stored in the module and securely transmitted from it, using appropriate state-of-the-art cyber security protocols that guarantee data authenticity. This is supported and accelerated by a Hardware Security Module (HSM) in the module.
- HSM Hardware Security Module
- Microphone o Recording of recordings of the noises generated by the mechanical movement for spectral analysis and pattern recognition by the "AI Core” ("Kl Accelerator”) o Main source of data required for calculating the accuracy and detection of mechanical defects o Measurement of the accuracy by using counters (observation over a longer time interval)
- Accelerometer (Accelerometer), 3-axis gyroscope and/or inertial measurement unit (Inertial Measurement Unit - IMU) o Measures vibrations and shocks, as well as typical movement patterns when using the watch (e.g. when practicing sports or manual work)
- Humidity sensor o Measures the negative effects of humidity due to the loss of watertightness of the watch case or use in an unsuitable environment (for non-waterproof watches)
- Pressure/force sensor eg MEMS based on capacitive, piezo-resistance or optical measurement
- Determination of the mechanical energy reserve by measuring the force of the watch spring
- State of charge of the electrical energy store to calculate the remaining electrical energy reserve
- the module is operated in the clock with electrical energy that is fed or generated from the following sources:
- thermoelectric generator TMG / Seebeck generator
- the electrical energy obtained is accumulated in a suitable electrical storage device, e.g. a solid state battery or a capacitor without the risk of liquid leaking into the watch case or movement.
- a suitable electrical storage device e.g. a solid state battery or a capacitor without the risk of liquid leaking into the watch case or movement.
- the recorded signal data from the sensors are pre-processed in the module using the computing capacity of the CPU cores, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and an "AI Core” for hardware acceleration for advanced analysis algorithms and machine learning methods such as artificial neural networks (Convoluted Neural Networks - CNN's).
- a DSP Digital Signal Processor
- AI Core Artificial neural networks
- pre-processing steps in the module are dynamically adjusted: pre-processed data consumes less memory, which allows storing more intermediate results over time while not connected to the smartphone or PC exists. However, more energy is required for the necessary calculations (for details of the processing, see “Processing principle of the solution” and “Detailed processing steps and data flow”).
- Each pre-processing step that is not carried out in the module due to a lack of sufficient energy reserves can be carried out later on the basis of the transmitted raw measurement data in the receiving smartphone / PC / IT backend / cloud.
- An LED (or a suitably small and energy-efficient buzzer or vibrator) is used in the module for the following purpose: • Assisting the user in setting the time and date of the mechanical movement (for detailed steps, see “Setting the time using RTC and LED”)
- an additional (very small) chip or a corresponding printed circuit is attached to the watch cover or in the watch case in such a way that it is irreversibly destroyed when the watch is opened by removing the watch cover, so that unauthorized manipulation of the movement can be detected ( For details see “Tampering detection ("Electronic seal”)”).
- the raw and/or pre-processed data and results have been transferred to the receiver (smartphone/PC), they can be further processed there.
- the clock status can be determined more precisely and predictions can be made with greater reliability, since more energy and computing power is available there (the extended functionality of the receiver and the IT backend / cloud system is explained in “Processing principle of the solution” and “Detailed processing steps and data flow " shown).
- the module can also optionally be housed in a device external to the watch, such as a storage box or watch winder (see Figure 2 and explanations in "Differences between external vs. internal module").
- a device external to the watch such as a storage box or watch winder (see Figure 2 and explanations in "Differences between external vs. internal module").
- Sensor data is recorded and pre-processed by the module at regular or irregular intervals (depending on the available energy).
- Microchip's CPU / DSP / AI Core performs pre-processing of the raw data, reducing/compressing the data volume (allowing to store more results over time) and detect/indicate anomalies/defects in the movement or predict necessary maintenance work
- CPU / DSP / AI Core pre-processing capabilities depend on power consumption for it - from simple raw data logging to AI / machine learning techniques supported by AI Core HW accelerator
- the pre-processing steps in the module are executed depending on the available energy reserve (dynamically determined by a calculated trade-off between energy and memory consumption)
- any processing that is not carried out in the module for this reason can be made up for and expanded as post-processing in the smartphone / PC or subsequent stages in the IT backend.
- the wearer of the watch can use the LED / buzzer / vibrator in the module to immediately report anomalies / defects / predicted events are informed, e.g. if the watch is exposed to excessive vibration / shock.
- the smartphone performs post-processing of the received data, applying even more detailed analysis and immediately informing the user of the results .
- the following steps (apart from using the camera) can also be carried out in the module if there is sufficient energy, otherwise they are carried out by the smartphone based on the raw data:
- the sensor data is pre-processed by a DSP stage at intervals of x and duration of y seconds (x/y depending on energy consumption and reserve, with the intervals being determined dynamically)
- the pre-processed sensor data is combined with data from the GPIOs and A/D converters and further processed by the AI Core (HW accelerator for advanced machine learning algorithms).
- AI Core HW accelerator for advanced machine learning algorithms
- ANN artificial neural networks
- CNNs Convolutional Neural Networks
- step 1 In the case of an insufficient energy reserve, this processing step is skipped dynamically and only the raw data and if applicable, the result of step 1. is saved for further use
- the CPU determines the deviation of the mechanical movement from the reference time/date provided by the RTC (Real Time Clock).
- the CPU stores the result data resulting from the pre-processing and all detected events (measured values of the sensors/MEMS, shocks, frequency, deviation, fluctuations (jitter), breakage of the electronic seal), provided with an RTC time stamp (current time/date) in NVRAM (non-volatile memory)
- a ring buffer is used to keep the history of the n most recent measurements (oldest entry is overwritten by the newest)
- the CPU determines whether the wearer of the watch should be notified of the results of the pre-processing (via LED, buzzer or vibrator), e.g. in the event of a defect or improper use
- the CPU transmits as many of the recorded measurement events as is needed to free up space in the ring buffer
- the secure information managed by the HSM (UUID, key, certificates) is used to authentically transmit the data
- CNNs Machine Learning based pattern detection and statistical analysis using predictive data mining (e.g. Time Series Analytics, k-Nearest Neighbors Classification and others) using the database of all clocks of a type + the reference patterns generated by the reference movements and the experience of the watch manufacturer
- predictive data mining e.g. Time Series Analytics, k-Nearest Neighbors Classification and others
- the smartphone sends the current time and date to the module, which uses it to program its RTC (Real Time Clock) whenever the smartphone and module are close enough and sufficient energy reserves are available.
- RTC Real Time Clock
- the module detects the "time setting mode” via a switch connected to one of the GPIO ports (the module then wakes up from a "sleep mode” if necessary):
- An LED or other light source mounted in a suitable location on the dial, e.g. in the center of the hands flashes at an increasing frequency as the time represented by the hands approaches the RTC time.
- a special confirmation signal is given (the LED should then be switched off quickly to save energy)
- a buzzer or vibrator could be used as an indicator (depending on energy and space consumption)
- the position of the pointer is read by the module via a suitable electronic circuit via GPIO ports or A/D converter.
- the module detects "date setting mode” via a switch connected to one of the GPIO ports (the module then wakes up from a "sleep mode” if necessary):
- the LED flashes briefly when a new day or date is selected (up/down movement of the crown). If they match, the light stays on for a longer time (e.g. 1 second) and then switches off to save energy
- the status of the date wheel is read in by the module via a suitable electronic circuit via GPIO ports or A/D converter • To save energy, the module goes back into sleep mode if the crown is not operated for a longer period of time (e.g. 30 seconds)
- the UUID is transmitted securely (at least end-to-end authentic) over the wireless channel, e.g. using TLS (Transport Layer Security), up to the IT backend / cloud, where the correct assignment to the production serial number stored there when the watch was registered can be checked.
- TLS Transport Layer Security
- the registration database in the IT backend / cloud enables a correlation between the UUID and the current owner of the watch.
- a watch owner can report his watch as stolen, which is recorded in the registration database under the associated UUID. If the backend receives data from this watch via a smartphone, it can determine the approximate location of the watch via the GPS data contained in the data package and inform the police authority. This will deter thieves or their buyers from pairing such a watch with the smartphone. Ultimately, it makes the theft of such a watch unattractive, since it can no longer be serviced by dealers and workshops and its owner can no longer receive any advantages from the manufacturer.
- a predetermined "secret number” is calculated by key hashing a fixed, predefined message with a private key (e.g. the HMAC method). This is securely stored in the module's memory, i.e. protected against reading by the HSM, and can only be accessed via securely authenticated maintenance commands ("Service Commands") can be changed from the smartphone or maintenance PC. The number is available via the registration database in the IT backend /
- circuit Cloud linked to the UUID of the watch and thus to its owner. •
- the same number is "hard-wired”, ie placed with no possibility of re-programming it, into a “tamper-detection chip” or equivalent printed circuit (hereinafter referred to as “circuit”).
- the number is stored “as is”, to keep the circuit as cheap and small as possible.
- the circuit is attached to the inside of the watch case or watch cover in such a way that it is irretrievably destroyed when the watch is opened so that the number can no longer be read.
- the circuitry When the watch case is closed, the circuitry is electronically connected to the module (via a wired serial connection or wireless connection, e.g. NFC (Near Field Communication)) and is powered when the number is required to be read from the module. Whenever the module has enough energy to start up, it reads the number from the circuit and compares it with the number stored in the module.
- NFC Near Field Communication
- the module detects an attempt at manipulation if either the number cannot be read out because the circuit has been destroyed or if the number read from the circuit does not match the number securely stored in the module (the number can be changed due to the properties of the key -Hashing algorithm cannot be guessed).
- the detection of this manipulation can be saved as an event in the ring buffer of the NVRAM in the module and sent to the external receiver (smartphone / PC) at the next transmission opportunity. In this way, the event ultimately reaches the IT backend / cloud systems, where the event is registered centrally.
- the secret number in the module is programmed to match the number of the new circuit. In this way the guarantee is renewed. • The new number is then linked by the maintenance staff with the UUID of the watch (and thus its owner) by means of a registration process in the registration database of the IT backend / cloud systems.
- the watch should be “clamped” by the diagnostic module (i.e. a bracket that exactly matches the outline of the watch it is inserted into is embedded, or a parenthesis)
- the diagnostic module i.e. a bracket that exactly matches the outline of the watch it is inserted into is embedded, or a parenthesis
- Service mode / maintenance mode o Secure activation (authentication) of a special operating mode with higher privileges (e.g. via wireless access from smartphone / PC or wired serial interface) using a state-of-the-art cyber security authentication method o Wireless maintenance connection (BTLE , NFC, optical) or wired (USB or other serial interface) o Processing of maintenance commands (Service Commands) for a special operating mode with higher privileges (e.g. via wireless access from smartphone / PC or wired serial interface) using a state-of-the-art cyber security authentication method o Wireless maintenance connection (BTLE , NFC, optical) or wired (USB or other serial interface) o Processing of maintenance commands (Service Commands) for
- HSM Hard Security Module
- Pairing with one or more watches o Communicates with the backend to register, authenticate (and thus legitimize, for anti-theft purposes) the watch and its owner and report detected tampering attempts o Enables monitoring if this registration process is successful is o Transfer current reference time / date to the clock
- B2B Business-to-Business IT connectivity o Seamless integration into the watch manufacturer's IT landscape o B2B portal for dealers and workshops o Exchange of watches and customer data
- DSP CPU : Wireless loT communication (BT LE) : AI Core (machine learning) : Counter (counters) : GPIO & A/D : Code (e.g. Flash) : NVRAM (event logs, recordings) : HSM : UUID : Key : Certifications : Service port (USB, Serial) : Tamper detection circuitry : Crown switch : RTC : Power management : Crystal : Wireless communication (BT LE) : Smartphone: Computation-intensive post-processing; Time-
- External diagnostic module The external diagnostic module (EDM) is used when: there is not enough space in the watch; it is a low-volume series for which a watch-specific adjustment is not worthwhile; The watch owners reject electronics in the watch; the diagnostic module could be combined with a motorized watch winder to ensure the movement is running while the watch is being diagnosed a: external diagnostic module sensors b: external diagnostic module ESP chip c: external diagnostic module electrical energy storage (rechargeable Li-ion battery or Battery : USB or wireless power supply for charging : To the clock: USB, serial, optical : PC/notebook (eg for maintenance purposes): Secure information : Generation of notifications : Post-processing and storage : Generation of notifications : Packing the telemetry data
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- General Factory Administration (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021116655.1A DE102021116655A1 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Elektronische Überwachung von rein mechanischen Uhren zum Zweck der prädiktiven Wartung |
PCT/EP2022/062739 WO2023274612A1 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2022-05-11 | Elektronische überwachung von rein mechanischen uhren zum zweck der prädiktiven wartung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4363934A1 true EP4363934A1 (de) | 2024-05-08 |
Family
ID=81984675
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22728804.0A Pending EP4363934A1 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2022-05-11 | Elektronische überwachung von rein mechanischen uhren zum zweck der prädiktiven wartung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4363934A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021116655A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023274612A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH712578B1 (fr) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-12-15 | Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd | Procédé de réglage de la marche d'une montre mécanique. |
CH713491A1 (fr) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-08-31 | Griffes Consulting Sa | Montre-bracelet mécanique comportant des composants électroniques. |
CH715018A1 (fr) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-29 | Richemont Int Sa | Dispositif et procédé de collecte, de sauvegarde, d'analyse ainsi que de mise à disposition des résultats de l'analyse de données de pièces d'horlogerie mécanique. |
CH715761A2 (fr) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-31 | Frederique Constant Sa | Pièce d'horlogerie à oscillateur mécanique comportant un module de communication sans fil. |
-
2021
- 2021-06-28 DE DE102021116655.1A patent/DE102021116655A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-11 EP EP22728804.0A patent/EP4363934A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-11 WO PCT/EP2022/062739 patent/WO2023274612A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102021116655A1 (de) | 2022-12-29 |
WO2023274612A1 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
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