EP4244426A1 - Apparatus and method for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed and use - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed and useInfo
- Publication number
- EP4244426A1 EP4244426A1 EP21839845.1A EP21839845A EP4244426A1 EP 4244426 A1 EP4244426 A1 EP 4244426A1 EP 21839845 A EP21839845 A EP 21839845A EP 4244426 A1 EP4244426 A1 EP 4244426A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- trolley
- adhesive
- car
- spray
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004824 Multi-part adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/005—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 mounted on vehicles or designed to apply a liquid on a very large surface, e.g. on the road, on the surface of large containers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/126—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to target velocity, e.g. to relative velocity between spray apparatus and target
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
- B05B12/1418—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet for supplying several liquids or other fluent materials in selected proportions to a single spray outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B37/00—Making, maintaining, renewing, or taking-up the ballastway or the track, not provided for in a single one of groups E01B27/00 - E01B35/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0421—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with rotating spray heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
- B05B15/68—Arrangements for adjusting the position of spray heads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/03—Injecting, mixing or spraying additives into or onto ballast or underground
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive onto a granular mixture, in particular for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive onto the ballast of a rail line.
- the two fluid components are conveyed in a controlled manner from storage tanks via two separate feed lines using gear pumps in precisely controllable flow rates via a mixer unit, with the result that a fluid sprayable adhesive mixture is produced.
- a spray unit with at least one spray nozzle or with a spray bar with several discharge nozzles is used for the targeted discharge of the adhesive mixture onto the ballast bed.
- One-component adhesives can just as well be used and conveyed with such a device, with exactly the same structural features of the device.
- the invention also relates to a method for using this device and its use for dispensing adhesives, both two-component and one-component, onto the ballast of a rail track.
- the loosely laid track grid made of rails and sleepers lies in this unbound, compacted ballast bed without any lateral attachment.
- the ballast bed can absorb significant compressive forces, but can only be displaced to a limited extent when subjected to tensile loads.
- Adhesive systems quickly and permanently ensure positional stability in difficult areas such as rail joints or points. Special measures to secure the position of the ballast bed are necessary for conversion work and track renewal on multi-track lines. Gluing the shoulders of the ballast with one-component adhesives or even better with two-component resin-hardener mixtures has proven to be an effective method for this.
- gluing of granular mixture is used in a wide variety of areas today.
- Coarse-grained riprap and gravel are primarily bonded in track construction, while in road construction, in addition to coarse-grained riprap, smaller-grained riprap or chippings are also used. Even finer mixtures are used, for example, when gluing decorative floor coverings. Despite the stabilization by gluing the covering, its water permeability and seepage ability can be maintained.
- a special The bonding of ballast in track construction is important.
- two-component adhesives based on polyurethane are mostly used as adhesives today. Such multi-component adhesives based on polyurethane are known in the prior art.
- Two-component mixtures can be adapted to the respective situation by varying the mixing ratio of resin and hardener during the curing time and achieve a better bonding quality than one-component adhesives, with which a certain compromise is made.
- one-component adhesives are easier to handle, since no mixer is required and only a single pump and line are required for delivery.
- Devices for the controlled pumping, dosing, mixing together and dispensing of such adhesives, whether they are one-component or two-component adhesives, with the aid of gear pumps, among other things, are known in principle.
- ballast in track construction.
- it enables the stabilization of the tracks and the reduction of impacts at transitions from the ballasted track to the slab track, for example at tunnel entrances and tunnel exits.
- the ballast is usually glued over the entire surface, i.e. also under the rails and sleepers.
- the penetration depth of the bonding to the solid track is gradually increased.
- Adhesive bonding of the ballast bed in the edge area of a rail track is often of decisive importance if a trench is to be dug near the rail track, or if quite generally next to the rail track as a result of a construction project, for example the laying of another parallel rail track or a building, a retaining wall etc. or because of other structural measures material is to be excavated.
- a channel several meters wide and, for example, 0.5 to 2 meters deep is excavated from the subsoil, on the bottom of which vehicles such as trucks, dumpers, excavators and other machines can move of creating the new track can be used.
- ballast bed of the adjacent track will weaken and its load-bearing capacity is threatened.
- the stability of the ballast bed is of enormous importance so that the rail track can remain in operation and trains can run on it, otherwise trains with their considerable weights would no longer be able to pass this point.
- a deep brace or an auxiliary wall could temporarily ensure stability so that the rail track could continue to be used.
- This shoulder proves to be advantageous when laying and maintaining control and signal lines along the tracks, since a trench can easily be dug outside the bonded area and the laid control and signal lines can simply be exposed and replaced thanks to the defined, stable shoulder of the ballast bed of the lines, the trench can be filled in again without affecting the basic shape of the ballast bed.
- the shoulder of the ballast bed, stabilized by bonding can still be driven on with the usual loads, despite the trench being dug right next to the rail line. With a professionally bonded gravel path, this can be cut off to a certain extent on the side and, for example, an excavation can be carried out directly next to the gravel bed. Thanks to the bonding, the necessary stability of the gravel track for the usual train travel is retained, which offers enormous advantages.
- the rail line can also be reinforced over its entire width by means of ballast bonding.
- adhesives can be discharged very professionally, as is comprehensively presented in document WO 2018/010860 A1, published on January 18, 2018.
- the device shown there allows the adhesives to be applied in a dosage with which a specific amount of adhesive is sprayed onto the ballast bed per linear meter, thus ensuring a specific, pre-calculated penetration depth. That is why the procedure carried out with this device is now even certified by the Swiss Federal Railways SBB, which means that its use guarantees that the rail bed will then offer a certain desired load-bearing capacity and can therefore be used as usual by trains weighing several hundred tons. This is not the case if the discharge is carried out as before, only manually using watering cans or hand lances, with manual or motor-driven pumps.
- the two basic components of a two-component adhesive are carried along, for example, on a railroad car and mixed on it.
- the mixture is then filled into watering cans or fed directly to the hand lances via a line.
- 15 liters of adhesive are required to glue one m3 of gravel Mixture.
- the application quality is highly uneven, since it depends on the skill of the person who waters with the watering can or operates the hand lance and thus walks along the railway track. If the adhesive is discharged by hand, there will inevitably be interruptions in the discharge to refill a watering can or to move the supply, i.e.
- the containers and the machinery for pumping the adhesive to the lance step by step because these containers and devices are either on a Railcars carried along or transported on the road and set up on the side of the rail section. If for any reason a malfunction occurs, for example a pump does not work properly or breaks down, a single component, which is poisonous in itself, can be sprayed in large quantities, which can have fatal consequences for the groundwater.
- the components of multi-component adhesives may only be applied thoroughly mixed in the prescribed mixing ratio. The mixture then hardens reliably and no individual component can get into the ground in isolation.
- the gluing must always take place quickly and determines the penetration depth, because the applied adhesive runs down through the gravel and by immediately sticking together and hardening, the penetration depth is limited. So far, the spreading work has usually had to be carried out outside of traffic hours and often at night, and dry weather is also a prerequisite for the application of the adhesive. It can be seen that there are many boundary conditions and this results in the requirement that a uniform discharge with precisely defined specifications should be carried out reliably by machine and very quickly on site.
- a particular challenge for the rapid and controlled dispensing of adhesive - in a perfect mixture of the components in a multi-component adhesive - and with a constant penetration depth over large distances in an instant is the fact that large masses are required for the necessary machinery and the reservoir are. Efficient pumps are required, for example. Furthermore, a self-sufficient energy supply is necessary, both for the pumps and, depending on the situation, for tempering the adhesive to be applied or its components, which must be available in large quantities. And then all these facilities should be able to be moved along a route. It makes sense to carry these devices with a truck along a rail line, but it cannot be driven along the rail so uniformly that the right amount of adhesive per running meter could be reliably applied with a spray bar attached to it. Or a railway car could separately carry the adhesives and the equipment for their tempering, mixing and pumping, but the uniform dispensing of the adhesives directly from one railway carriage is difficult to implement because it has no drive and has a large dead weight.
- the object of the present invention is to create a device and a method that can be used even more quickly and flexibly, so that ballast can be bonded along a rail track depending on the situation without blocking the rail track in question, i.e that the time periods between the passage of trains can be used and regular train traffic can continue without disruption.
- This complete device can be transported by road or placed on the bills on the spot will.
- the vehicle with the entire device for providing and pumping the adhesive or the adhesive components for the adhesive mixture runs essentially parallel to the rail track, independently of the train traffic or in such a way that regular train traffic is not obstructed becomes.
- a trolley or a light rail car is placed on the rails within a very short time, about seconds. This trolley or this rail car carries a boom with at least one spray nozzle.
- the trolley or this light rail car can be driven electrically at a selectable uniform speed on the rail, whereby the on the trolley or the rail car mounted or molded boom with a mounted thereon at least one spray nozzle travels along the rail at exactly the same uniform speed. This ensures that an adjustable amount of adhesive with a defined spray pattern can be applied per running meter of route, whereby a predefined penetration depth can be maintained.
- the trolley or this light rail car can be quickly placed on a rail and put into operation within a few seconds and just as quickly removed from the rail again in order to allow the passage of a train.
- the rail trolley or the rail car is preferably controlled with a remote control.
- the driving speeds driven and the GPS coordinates can also be recorded or transmitted live in a cloud and stored.
- this trolley or this light rail car can also be supplied by a rail car running on a parallel track or the same track instead of by a truck traveling alongside the rails, which is then irregularly gradually pulled along with the spraying device by a light locomotive or a trolley or is pushed along. Only the trolley or this light rail car ensures that the adhesive is applied evenly. Depending on the speed of movement of the nozzles, a defined quantity of adhesive is applied and thus a precisely defined penetration depth is ensured. Either a separate light rail car or a trolley moves steadily forward as a spray trolley on the rail, or the spray nozzles can be moved back and forth uniformly on this rail trolley or spray trolley, so that a predefined penetration depth is ultimately maintained.
- this device for producing the bonds of a granular mixture is presented and described and its functions are explained. Then the process that can be carried out with it and the use of the device are described and explained in more detail.
- the drawings show an example embodiment of the device, and the task and the purpose of the invention are shown and explained using the illustrations. It shows:
- FIG. 1 A cut-off, stabilized by previous gluing
- Figure 2 A cut stabilized gravel road along a
- FIG. 3 The trolley of the device according to the invention for discharging
- Glue on an area next to a rail seen in perspective from diagonally above and placed on a single rail;
- FIG. 4 The trolley of the device according to the invention in a front view and placed on a single rail;
- Figure 5a-d Four snapshots when the trolley is quickly placed on the rail
- FIG. 6 The trolley of the device with the boom mounted on it and a spray bar;
- FIG. 7 A self-sufficient trolley of the device with an electronic control unit integrated in the boom, display and keypad as well as a battery in the trolley housing;
- Figure 8 The complete device with associated example
- FIG. 9 The complete facility with the associated supply vehicle, which can be driven here on the rails and on which all the elements for mixing and controlled discharge of the adhesive or the components of a multi-component adhesive are present via a hose connection to the boom;
- Figure 10 A trolley in the form of a light rail car on a
- Rail shown in elevation with a cantilever for support on the other rail, this trolley having no wheels rolling from below the rail;
- FIG. 11 The trolley or the light rail carriage on a rail, with a cantilever for support on the respective other rail according to FIG. 10, shown in a perspective view;
- FIG. 12 The trolley or the light rail carriage on a rail, with a cantilever for support on the respective other rail according to FIG. 10 in an enlarged representation;
- Figure 13 A trolley to be placed on a single rail in an enlarged view
- FIG. 14 The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 is shown in an enlarged elevation
- FIG. 15 The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 alone, shown in elevation and enlarged;
- FIG. 16 The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 alone, in a perspective
- a bonded layer of ballast bed is shown, namely a just outside along a rail track tapped gravel line, which was previously bonded by spraying a two-component synthetic resin here, so that they forms a quasi-monolithic block.
- the gravel track to be excavated can be cut off with an excavator shovel, as shown here, and the bonded shoulder of gravel still remains stable, so that vertical walls can be exposed without the trafficable gravel track losing much of its load-bearing capacity and stability.
- cables or pipes have to be laid along such a rail track, there are major challenges in maintaining the stability of the rail line if trains are to continue to travel on it, i.e. during the installation work for the lines and pipes.
- the track would have to be closed to rail traffic, which would mean major restrictions and expensive downtime for the railway operator.
- FIG. 2 shows another gravel path stabilized by bonding and then cut off along a rail track in front of a tunnel portal.
- a ditch often has to be dug over considerable distances, and the problem here is how to stabilize a gravel line over long distances so reliably and safely that it can be certified for use by trains with normal loads. If it is carried out by hand, no one can guarantee the homogeneity of the bond. In addition, gluing by hand is far too slow, labor intensive, imprecise and correspondingly expensive.
- the figure 3 shows a rail-driven trolley 1 of the inventive device for placement on a single rail and for discharging adhesive to an area next to the rail. You can see them here in perspective from an angle seen above and placed on a single rail 16, thus in the rail-coupled or rail-bound state.
- the trolley 1 forms a frame 40 or box inside which wheels 2, 3, 4 are mounted.
- wheels 2, 3, 4 are mounted.
- two wheels 2 are arranged on the frame 40 or box so that they face the corner 7 between the rail head 8 and the rail web 9 .
- the wheels 2 are attached to the trolley 1 so as to be mounted on a fold 5 on one side of the frame 40 .
- At least one guide wheel 3 protrudes at right angles to the vertical frame part 6 against the rail web 9 and rolls on this other side or flank of the rail head 8 on it.
- Two guide wheels 3 are preferably arranged opposite the wheels 2 on this side of the rail head 8 .
- at least one drivable wheel 4 presses on the rail head 8.
- the wheel 4 can be pivoted on the frame 40, for example by being mounted between two pivot arms 10, as shown here, which in turn are attached to the frame 40 by a horizontal axis are pivotable and press here spring-loaded down and thus press the wheel 4 with attached trolley 1 on the top of the rail head 8.
- An electric motor 11 is arranged here on top of the frame 40 of the trolley 1, the output shaft 12 of which drives a ring gear 13 for a roller chain 14 or a toothed wheel for a toothed belt.
- the roller chain 14 or toothed belt then drives an associated sprocket 15 or gear next to the wheel 4, which is fixedly connected to the same.
- This trolley 1 enables the trolley 1 to be pushed upwards by the contact force of the drive wheel 4, against the restraining force of the two guide wheels 2, while the at least one outer guide wheel 3 runs on the side of the rail head 8 and, together with the guide wheels 2, the trolley 1 secured against pivoting in any direction.
- this trolley 1 is designed with two such guide wheels 3 for rolling on the side of the rail head 8 . Your only degree of freedom of movement is the shift in the direction of the rail 16 on which your wheels 2-4 roll.
- Electronic control of the electric motor 11 makes it possible to ensure a selectable, uniform movement of this trolley 1 on a rail 16 .
- the two ears 17, 18 can be adjusted here by means of the adjusting screws 42, as indicated by the double arrows, so that the guide wheel 3 can be adapted to possibly varying track head widths.
- At least one other wheel acts from above, which serves as a drive wheel 4 and which, here, is spring-loaded and rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 and rolls.
- it is held on the axis 20b between two pivot arms 10 which are attached to the frame 40 and which are articulated on the horizontal axis 20 to pivot on an attachment 21.
- On one side of the wheel 4 this is equipped with a sprocket 15 or a gear.
- a roller chain 14 runs over this sprocket 15 here, which runs over another sprocket 13 at the top, which in turn is driven by the output shaft 12 of the electric motor 11 .
- a toothed belt or a gear transmission can occur in order to transmit the power of the electric motor 11 to the drive wheel 4. From this illustration it can be seen that this trolley 1, that is to say its frame 40 or its housing, can be placed on a rail 16 or lifted off it again very quickly. From the position shown here, it can be lifted off the rail 16 and removed by lifting it on the left side and then unhooking the two wheels 2 by moving the fold 5 or the frame 40 downwards and outwards.
- the trolley 1 with its guide wheels 2 can be quickly hung on the rail 16 and brought into position.
- the two wheels 2 are brought into position with the frame 40 in an inclined position relative to the rail 16 and then the frame 40 is pivoted down counterclockwise in the picture shown until the drive wheel 4 rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 .
- the wheel 3 rests on the other side of the rail head 8 and the trolley 1 is guided stably along the rail.
- All of the wheels described can be adapted to different rail profile types in terms of position, type and shape.
- the number of wheels 2, 3, 4 can also vary as long as they can fulfill the function described.
- one or more caterpillars can be used in addition to or instead of the wheels 2, 3, 4, with which the trolley 1 can be driven safely along the rail track 9.
- the sequence of placing the trolley 1 is shown on the rail 16 in four consecutive sequence images.
- the trolley 1 is tilted about its longitudinal axis by about 30-40° in a position according to FIG. 5a and guided over the rail 16.
- the guide wheels 2 must be hung below the rail head 8, as indicated by the arrow indicating their intended path.
- the trolley 1 is lowered in this tilted position, as shown in FIG. 5b, until the guide wheels 2 are below the rail head 8.
- the wheels 2 are then brought into the corner 7 between the rail head 8 and the rail web 9 with their free side facing the inside of the frame 40 or box, as indicated by the arrow.
- the trolley 1 is swiveled around its longitudinal axis, as shown in Figure 5c and indicated by an arrow, until the drive wheel 4 rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 and then, by virtue of the spring acting on its swivel arms 10, onto the rail head 8 is pressed.
- the guide wheel 3 or - depending on the design the guide wheels 3 - lies snugly against the side of the rail head 8 and the trolley 1 is held snugly on the rail 16 in a twist-proof manner in every direction, as shown in Figure 5d.
- the trolley 1 can now only roll back and forth along the rail 16 .
- the trolley 1 is removed from the rail 16 in exactly the opposite order.
- the trolley 1 can thus be coupled and secured without the trolley 1 having to be specially adapted to the rail 16 for this purpose. Rather, the trolley 1 is secured against twisting on the rail 16 in each direction and can be moved guided by rails solely by being placed on the rail 16 as described. Likewise, the dismantling of the rail-bound and thus secured trolley 1 only requires lifting it away from the rail 16, in the reverse order to its placement. This placing the trolley 1 on the rail 16 or again lifting the trolley 1 from the rail 16 is a matter of a few seconds and usually does not require more than 5 seconds. It can be carried out by preferably two workers, which means that the personnel expenditure for putting the device according to the invention into operation can be kept very low. The trolley 1 is immediately ready for driving on the rail 16 after touching down, in the forward or reverse direction.
- the trolley 1 is placed on the rail 16 and locked on the same to a certain extent, so that it can only be moved along the rail 16 by rolling its guide wheels 2, 3 and the drive wheel 4 on the same.
- a boom 22 with a spray bar 28 and a swivel arm 23 which extends in the direction of the rail 16 is now further articulated on the trolley 1 .
- a measuring wheel 24 with a rubber tread is mounted on the front end of this swivel arm 23 . This measuring wheel 24 rests snugly on the upper side of the rail head 8 and with each movement of the trolley 1 on the rail 16 this running wheel 24 rolls exactly on the rail 16 so that it can serve as a measuring wheel.
- each displacement of the trolley 1 on the rail 16 can be measured or recorded exactly or with millimeter precision.
- Wheels 2, 3 and 4 can also be used as measuring wheels by adding a tachometer. In this case, a separate measuring wheel 24 can be dispensed with.
- FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the trolley 1 with a boom 22.
- This is a self-sufficient trolley 1 by having its own battery 42, preferably rechargeable. In the example shown, this is inserted into a battery holder 43 within the frame 40 or housing of the trolley 1 .
- the electronic control unit is housed inside the boom 22, by means of which the drive of the trolley 1 and the pump delivery of the adhesive or the mixing of its components in the case of a mixed-component adhesive is controlled.
- the mixing of the adhesive components can also only take place at the spray beam 28 by the mixing units being built into the same.
- a display 44 is installed in the boom 22 here, with the associated keypad 45, to set the desired values for the Enter the driving speed, the driving distance, the mixing ratio for adhesives, and the start and stop of driving and pumping.
- a portable electronic device such as a laptop, a tablet or a smartphone can be connected to the electronic control unit, preferably wirelessly.
- a display 44 and a keypad 45 are made available by the portable electronic device and inputs can be made via this, with which remote control and remote monitoring is achieved.
- the trolley 1 and its boom 22 are preferably equipped with handles 46, 47 so that the trolley 1 can be quickly placed on a rail 16 by just two workers and can be removed from the rail 16 just as quickly if necessary. For this purpose, the movements according to the illustrations in FIGS. 5a to 5d are to be carried out.
- the boom 22 On the outer side of the trolley 1, the boom 22 is mounted with two legs here, which protrudes obliquely upwards from the trolley 1 and carries a tube 27 at its end 25 in a bracket 26, which is in this bracket 26 opposite the End 25 of the boom 22 is rotatable. At the bottom, this tube 27 carries a single spray nozzle 29 or, as shown here, a spray beam 28 that can be rotated about the tube axis.
- the spray bar 28 is equipped with one or more spray nozzles 29-31. A large number of nozzles are optimally arranged on the spray bar 28 in order to produce different spray patterns. In the example shown, the spray bar 28 contains three spray nozzles 29-31.
- the ballast bed 32 can be sprayed with adhesive over a more or less large selected width, the adhesive being supplied to the spray nozzles 29-31 via one or more hoses 35 (FIGS. 8, 9).
- This one hose or these several hoses 35 come from the supply vehicle, which runs essentially parallel next to the rail track for the operation of the trolley 1 . It is necessary to glue this ballast bed 32 to the side of the rails 16 in order to make it stable so that outside of the glued ballast bed 32 the terrain 38 can be cut off vertically and removed in order to dig a trench there or erect a building, or another to lay out a railway line, etc.
- FIG. 8 shows the overall situation from a greater distance.
- the subsoil 33 of the resulting ditch shown here is often used as a so-called construction site after the excavation. Trucks, dumpers, excavators or other machines for the construction of the rail line then operate on this construction track.
- the supply vehicle 34 can now be used for the bonding of the ballast bed 32 in its left edge area, as shown here as an example in use.
- Such supply vehicles 34 with all the equipment for carrying adhesive or adhesive components, for the exact mixing of the same and for pumping are already known.
- the mixing is preferably carried out by static mixers using gear pumps and the quantity is metered using mass flow meters. This entire device as installed on such a vehicle is described and shown exhaustively in WO 2018/010860 A1.
- One-component adhesives can also be used immediately with the same equipment without any modifications.
- the measuring wheel 24 Dragged behind the trolley 1 you can see the measuring wheel 24 or, depending on the design, the wheel 2, 3, 4 acting as a measuring wheel, which transmits reliable data about the travel speed of the trolley 1 to the electronic control unit on the supply vehicle 34 or on the portable electronic device delivers. That Measuring wheel 24 could also be pushed in front of trolley 1 instead of being dragged. Based on this uniform speed, the previously calculated flow rates of the adhesive or the adhesive components are calculated and the pumps are then controlled accordingly using feedback from the mass flow meters.
- trolley 1 together with its boom 22 can be placed on a single rail 16 within a few seconds and can then be put into operation and vice versa, if a train is announced, this trolley 1 can just as quickly from the Rail 16 must be taken and removed so that a train can pass the work site unhindered.
- the pump technology and the spray material as well as the power supply, etc. in other words, everything that is necessary to cleanly mixed and controlled the adhesive or the multi-component adhesive to convey via hose lines 35 to the rail trolley 1, can not only on be transported along with a vehicle 34 traveling parallel to the track. If there is no hurry and the gluing does not just have to be done in short time windows of, in this case, usually a few minutes, i.e. if a rail is blocked especially for the carrying out of the gluing work, a person standing on the track and traveling with you can just as well Railway wagons transport these facilities for the supply of the trolley 1.
- This railway car can then be replaced by a locomotive, a trolley or a track excavator in more or less constant distance to the rail trolley 1 pushed behind it or pulled ahead of it.
- these devices can also be transported by a self-propelled two-way vehicle, ie by a vehicle that can be driven both on the road and on rails.
- This vehicle then supplies the already mixed adhesive or the adhesive components to be mixed to the trolley device 1 via cables 36, 37 and hoses 35 in the same way as a road or off-road vehicle 34 traveling alongside the rail line.
- Such a mobile vehicle 48 on rails, here with rail wheels 49 that can be lowered hydraulically if necessary, is shown as an example in FIG.
- a vehicle 48 can be replaced by a railroad car on which the entire device for temperature control, for pumping and mixing the components of the adhesive is built.
- This railway carriage also carries the components for the energy supply, for example a combustion engine with a generator and batteries for operating the electric pumps and for heating the adhesive to the ideal temperature.
- traction current can also be taken from the overhead line and made available for the operation of the facility.
- Such a railroad car can then run on a parallel track to the track on which the trolley is placed, which is supplied by it with conditioned adhesive via pump hoses 35 and is connected to the trolley via cables 36, 37 for the control and power supply . It is gradually pushed or pulled after the trolley by a handcar or a light locomotive and therefore does not have to move in exactly the same way as trolley 1. If conditions allow, this railroad car can also run on the same track on which trolley 1 is placed. The railroad vehicle in FIG. 9 is then simply replaced by such a railroad car.
- the controlled mixing of the multiple adhesive components can optionally also only happen on the rail trolley 1 .
- the mixer preferably a static mixer, in which the spray material is mixed, attached directly to the rail trolley 1.
- the figure 10 shows such a trolley 1 in the form of a light rail car on a rail, with a boom 50 for support on the other rail in an elevation.
- This trolley 1 or this rail car has no wheels rolling from below on the rail and can therefore be lifted vertically upwards off the rail at any time.
- Another advantage of this trolley or this rail car is that it can also roll over points, in that the wheels 51, 52 rolling on the side of the rail head can be lifted away briefly, for example pneumatically or electrically, and after passing the points again in be lowered to their initial state for rolling on both sides of the rail head.
- the boom 22 is equipped with a device 53 for lengthening or shortening the boom 22 and with a device 54 for adjusting the height of the spray bar 28. These devices 53, 54 can be adjusted by an electric motor, pneumatically or hydraulically.
- a support wheel 55 can be seen at the outer end of the boom 50, with which the boom 50 is supported in a rolling manner on this opposite rail.
- the figure 11 shows this rail car according to Figure 10 on a rail, with a boom 50 for support on the respective opposite rail with two support wheels 55 for the outer end of the boom 50 in the example shown.
- the Figure 12 shows the rail car with its two arms 22 and 50 in an enlarged view. Here you can see the two wheels 51, 52, which roll on both sides of the rail head 8 and thus stabilize the rail car against twisting about its vertical axis.
- the cantilever 50 with its support on the opposite rail 57 ensures stabilization around the axis along the rail.
- the spray bar 28 can also be installed movably on the rail car.
- the spray bar 28 can be mounted on a boom that extends across the entire width of the rail car, with the spray bar 28 being mounted on this boom so that it can be displaced by a motor, for example by means of an electric drive.
- the spray bar 28 can move back and forth uniformly over the entire width of the ballast bed of a rail line and ensure a uniform penetration depth of the adhesive into the ballast bed.
- This boom can also be pivotable about a vertical axis, so that it no longer extends across the rail line, for example, but in the longitudinal direction, along the rail.
- the spray bar 28 can then move back and forth uniformly along the boom and thus glue a longitudinal section of the lateral ballast bed, i.e. a ballast bed shoulder, with a constant penetration depth of the adhesive.
- the figure 13 shows the part of the rail car with the drive, that is to a certain extent its trolley 1, shown separately, in an enlarged and perspective view. Inside are the drive wheels 56 with which the trolley 1 rests on the rail so that all its weight ensures good adhesion. The electric motor 11 for driving them can be seen between the two drive wheels 56, which can also act as measuring wheels.
- FIG. 14 shows this trolley according to FIGS. 11 and 12 in an elevation. You can see the electric motor 11 and to the left of it the front drive wheel 56 here, as well as the two guide wheels 51 , 52 which roll on the two sides of the rail head 8 . All this is shown enlarged in FIG. 15, and shown in a perspective view in FIG. Here you can see the drive belt or roller chains 14, via which the electric motor 11 Drive wheels 56 drives.
- the drive wheels are equipped with a rubber tread 57 to ensure good adhesion.
- the mixing accuracy is traceable, can be documented in real time, and damage to the environment can be ruled out at any time.
- Rail wheels that can be lowered hydraulically onto the rails 16
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01585/20A CH718156A2 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Device and method for dispensing single-component or multi-component adhesive onto a ballast bed of a railway line. |
PCT/EP2021/085621 WO2022129001A1 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Apparatus and method for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed and use |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4244426A1 true EP4244426A1 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
Family
ID=79288018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21839845.1A Pending EP4244426A1 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Apparatus and method for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed and use |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240044087A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4244426A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2023553526A (en) |
CN (1) | CN116964271A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021404366A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3202188A1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH718156A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202021004316U1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022129001A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH712375A1 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-31 | Hürlimann Bautenschutz Ag | Apparatus and method for discharging multicomponent adhesives to a granular mixture. |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CH CH01585/20A patent/CH718156A2/en unknown
-
2021
- 2021-12-14 DE DE202021004316.0U patent/DE202021004316U1/en active Active
- 2021-12-14 AU AU2021404366A patent/AU2021404366A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-14 US US18/266,911 patent/US20240044087A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-14 CA CA3202188A patent/CA3202188A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-14 CN CN202180093744.0A patent/CN116964271A/en active Pending
- 2021-12-14 WO PCT/EP2021/085621 patent/WO2022129001A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-12-14 JP JP2023559167A patent/JP2023553526A/en active Pending
- 2021-12-14 EP EP21839845.1A patent/EP4244426A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2023553526A (en) | 2023-12-21 |
US20240044087A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
CH718156A2 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
CN116964271A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
CA3202188A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
AU2021404366A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
WO2022129001A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
DE202021004316U8 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
DE202021004316U1 (en) | 2023-08-10 |
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