EP4234266A1 - Laminat und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminats - Google Patents
Laminat und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4234266A1 EP4234266A1 EP22158176.2A EP22158176A EP4234266A1 EP 4234266 A1 EP4234266 A1 EP 4234266A1 EP 22158176 A EP22158176 A EP 22158176A EP 4234266 A1 EP4234266 A1 EP 4234266A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laminate
- decorative layer
- polymeric
- polymeric interlayer
- embossing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011518 fibre cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate and a method for producing a laminate.
- Laminates with a decorative surface are well known, including HPL (high pressure laminate), CPL (continuous pressure laminate), LPM (low pressure melamine) and furthermore include finish foils, nonwovens, veneers based on wood, and thin ceramic material.
- Decorative laminates with multilayer structures may be used in the construction of a wall, ceiling, door, room divider, benchtops, cabinetry, furniture, flooring or alternative decorative applications.
- thermosetting melamine formaldehyde resins such as high pressure laminate (HPL) and continuous pressure laminate (CPL) are thin and hard and when damaged can release sharp hazardous shards of material. Thin hard ceramic materials are also susceptible to breakage.
- the surface of a LPM panel is usually created in a hot press during the partial flow of resin from the impregnated decor paper into a woodpanel substrate such as particleboard or MDF/HDF (fibreboards).
- a woodpanel substrate such as particleboard or MDF/HDF (fibreboards).
- This process of attaching the impregnated papers to a woodpanel substrate is irreversible.
- laminates such as HPL or CPL the surface is created when combining impregnated papers in a hot press before the laminate is later glued to a substrate using only sufficient adhesive to bond the laminate to a substrate and avoid leakage of the adhesive from the edges.
- Decorative materials such as finish foils, nonwovens, wood based veneers or thin ceramic materials are also glued to a substrate, therefore along with HPL and CPL it remains possible to influence at least one or more characteristics during the construction of the final multilayer laminate structure.
- the optical impression of a smooth HPL, CPL or LPM surface or an over-all texture does not always meet current market demands that the laminate look less synthetic.
- the surface of a laminate is a mirror image of a pressplate or endless belt used during the thermohardening of the melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF resin) under pressure in a hot press.
- the surface may be smooth, matte or have an abstract embossing design, or have a structure such as a woodgrain pattern.
- E-I-R Embossed in Register
- the specification of the decor paper for a controlled expansion of the printed decor paper during impregnation and controlled placement of the impregnated paper and substrate in the hot press equipped with cameras are examples of the considerable amount of technical development that have occurred to achieve a texture on the surface of a laminate that is substantially in register with the printed design, realising an Embossed-in-Register (E-I-R) effect.
- E-I-R Embossed-in-Register
- Multilayer structures using HPL, CPL, finish foils, a nonwoven, a wood based veneer or thin ceramic material as the decorative surface will, with enhanced safety, improved thermal insulation, improved fire retardancy and a visually pleasing embossing in register with the printed motif, present an attractive commercial advantage in the marketplace.
- a laminate comprising a decorative layer and one or more polymeric interlayers, wherein the decorative layer comprises one or more impregnated papers, a finish foil, a nonwoven, a veneer based on wood, a ceramic material, a high pressure laminate, a continuous pressure laminate or a low pressure melamine or combinations thereof.
- the decorative layer is selected from the group consisting of one or more impregnated papers, a finish foil, a nonwoven, a veneer based on wood, a ceramic material, a high pressure laminate, a continuous pressure laminate and a low pressure melamine or combinations thereof.
- the one or more impregnated papers can be impregnated with a resin, preferably a MF resin.
- a polymeric interlayer may include an embedded wire connected to a sensor for data collection.
- An embedded measurement device (sensor), whether contained in the polymeric interlayer or situated elsewhere in the laminate construction, may be included to capture one or more measurements, for example a pressure sensor, a vibration sensor, an air quality sensor or a resistive thermal device such as a Pt100 thermocouple device.
- the embedded wire may be used to increase the temperature of the decorative surface.
- the result of the polymeric interlayer being securely adhered to the decorative layer, such as HPL, CPL or thin ceramic material, is that if any damage occurs, the adhesion to the polymeric interlayer minimizes the possibility that any shards or larger sharp pieces separate from the surface and create a hazard.
- Pre-impregnated finish foils can be produced on a paper machine and later as a unicolour or printed product are glued to a substrate.
- Nonwoven materials can also be produced on a paper machine and consist of cellulose or synthetic fibres.
- Pre-impregnated finish foils and nonwovens are usually manufactured with latex binder without any added formaldehyde. Nonwovens have a low wet expansion which is advantageous for Embossed-in-Register applications.
- standard wood based veneers are usually between 0.4 - 0.6mm and thin ceramic material usually between 3 - 6mm.
- the laminate further comprises a substrate supporting the one or more polymeric interlayers and the decorative layer.
- the substrate can be a reconstituted woodpanel, a plywood, a cross laminated timber, a plasterboard, a fibre-cement sheet, a hardboard, a brick or concrete or a solid wood structure.
- a particleboard, fibreboard or oriented strand board (OSB) can be used.
- the substrate may have fire retardant characteristics, or have a fire retardant coating on one or more sides.
- the multilayer composite product comprising the decorative layer and the one or more polymeric interlayers and optionally a thermal insulation layer, and/or a fire retardant layer, may be directly attached to substrate.
- the material of the one or more polymeric interlayers is preferably selected from the group consisting of ionoplast material, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate and thermoplastic polyurethane or combinations thereof.
- Polymeric interlayers of various material, thicknesses and functions are commercially available, for example an ionoplast (ionomer based) material (e.g. Kuraray SentryGlas ® ) or polyvinyl butyral (e.g. Kuraray Trosifol ® ) or ethylene vinyl acetate (e.g. Folienwerk-Wolfen evguard ® , Satinal Strato ® or SWM Intl.
- the polymeric interlayer is attached to the non-decorative side of the decorative layer, such as the HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material, before combining with a substrate.
- the polymeric interlayer may be attached to a substrate and later the decorative layer is attached to form the laminate in form of a multilayer composite product.
- An advantage would be to combine at least the decorative layer, at least one polymeric interlayer, and the substrate to form the laminate in form a multilayer composite product in a single process, which includes embossing the laminate surface in register with the printed design on the laminate surface.
- Polymeric interlayers are commercially available with a thickness of about 3mm or less, for example Kuraray SentryGlass ® ionoplast interlayers are available in standard thicknesses between 0.76mm and 3.04mm, while Kuraray Trosifol ® PVB interlayers are available in standard thicknesses between 0.38mm and 2.28mm. Evguard ® EVA polymeric interlayer is available in thicknesses from 0.2 - 1.4mm. Commercially available polymeric interlayer material is available in widths up to about 3.2m in sheet or roll form. The choice of polymeric interlayer can be influenced by a number of factors, such as dwell time and temperature in a press.
- SentryGlas ® is up to 100 times stiffer than polyvinyl butyral, and SentryGlas ® ionoplast interlayer has a higher thermal stability compared to polyvinyl butyral interlayer.
- One or more polymeric interlayers of different thickness or different raw material, or to achieve different objectives may be incorporated in one laminate product.
- the polymeric interlayer is not intended as a visible external layer of the laminate product, there is no need for the polymeric interlayer to meet any specification for light transmission, it may even be used when having exceeded the manufacturer's recommended use-by-date.
- one polymeric interlayer is directly attached to the decorative layer.
- This polymeric interlayer is preferably irreversibly attached, more preferably glued, to the decorative layer.
- the further polymeric interlayers can be attached to other polymeric interlayers or further layers of the laminate.
- an adhesion promotor with the polymeric interlayer, or in certain circumstances further improve the bond between the decorative layer and the polymeric interlayer with an additional amount of adhesive.
- an elevated temperature to combine the various layers of a multilayer laminate product and to cause the polymeric interlayer to itself form an adhesive nature is preferred.
- the laminate according to the invention comprises one or more protective layers.
- one of the protective layers is directly attached to the side of the polymeric interlayer that is not attached to the decorative layer.
- Each of the further protective layers can be attached to the layer that is directly attached to the polymeric interlayer or to any other layer of the multilayer laminate.
- the one or more protective layers can be polyethylene terephthalate films, quartz cellulose papers or retardant felts.
- the protective layers may differ from each other or be the same.
- a protective layer or layers may be incorporated to enhance the performance of the polymeric interlayer, for example Trosifol ® PET (Kuraray) adhered to the side of the polymeric interlayer not attached to the laminate to avoid sticking in a hot press.
- the material of the one or more protective layers is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, a mixture of quartz and cellulose and a fire retardant felt material or combinations thereof.
- the protective layer may itself present a decorative aspect or a company logo on the reverse side of the laminate, such as a HPL or CPL laminate.
- a protective layer used to prevent the polymeric interlayer sticking in the hot press may itself have a technical function, such as providing a fire retarding function. More than one protective layer may be included in the multilayer laminate construction.
- a protective layer such as a fire retardant material based on quartz and/or fire retardant felt is included in the laminate multilayer construction.
- a suitable protective layer in the form of a fire retardant layer is a paper based on a mixture of quartz and cellulose.
- a fire retardant felt based on cotton linters and a flame retardant may be used as protective layer. It may be advantageous to use both in combination to achieve a higher fire retardant performance.
- the laminate comprises a thermal insulation layer.
- the thermal insulation layer is preferably made of expanded polystyrene.
- the thermal insulation layer preferably has a thickness in the range from 2 to 10 mm. However, even a thicker thermal insulation can be used. Nevertheless, it is an advantage to achieve the thermal insulation without having to substantially increase the thickness of the multilayer construction. Expanded polystyrene such as Neopor ® containing graphite provides thermal insulation with a 4mm thickness equal to a 262mm thick concrete.
- the polymeric interlayer preferably a dispersion containing a recycled polymeric interlayer material from which the polymeric interlayer can be made, can be used to impregnate or coat the one or more protective layers, for example a glass nonwoven material, or fire retardant felt and/or a quartz cellulose paper.
- a suitable press for combining the layers of the laminate may be a short-cycle press or a compression molding press.
- the laminate may be also prepared without a press, for example using hot roll lamination or manual lay-up techniques.
- the decorative layer has an embossing on the side facing away from the one or more polymeric interlayers.
- the embossing is in register with a printed pattern on the decorative layer.
- E-I-R embossing substantially in register
- E-I-R textures range from a few tens of microns to more than one hundred microns, however unlike the 3D shape postforming of a HPL or CPL where all layers of the HPL or CPL are stretched to form an arc with a radius many times the thickness of the laminate, during embossing according to the invention the laminate, e.g. HPL, CPL or LPM, remain in a planar position while the "hills and valleys" of the texture are forced only into the upper MF resin layer. There is no need to heat the laminate through and through as required for postforming, it is sufficient and preferred that the laminate remains in a planar state and the heating of the laminate surface is localised to the upper surface strata.
- the textured press tool may be heated or unheated when applying the embossing to the laminate surface. Textures that are not required to be In-Register with a printed pattern may also be produced according to the invention.
- the decorative layer surface is subjected to radiation that softens its outermost region.
- the laminate is placed in a press where a textured press tool is brought into contact with the softened decorative layer surface and pressure applied to form an embossing substantially in register with the printed design of the laminate surface.
- the choice of radiation equipment is not limited by wavelength, it may be UV, IR or microwave. If the softening of the decorative layer surface could be achieved when the decorative layer is positioned in the press, that would avoid handling of the laminate while the surface is in the softened phase.
- the E-I-R embossing of a decorative surface material e.g. HPL or CPL material, may be completed before the decorative surface is combined with at least one polymeric interlayer, any protective layers and a substrate.
- a decorative layer e.g. a LPM panel
- embossed according to the invention requires no further lamination, except for sealing the edges with an edgebanding.
- the newly embossed decorative layer according to the invention is coated with a clear coating.
- a press for consolidating various layers of the laminate may also be used to provide an embossing using a textured pressplate, alternatively an embossing can be applied from one or more embossing rolls.
- the texture of the embossing roll or rolls is co-ordinated with the printed pattern using a camera vision system to control the start position of the embossed roll or rolls relative to the print.
- the press tool may be heated or be used without heating.
- the laminate can comprising a further decorative layer arranged on the side of the laminate opposite to the other decorative layer.
- a laminate according to the invention can be prepared by a method comprising the step of combining a decorative layer with one or more polymeric interlayers.
- the combining step includes the step of adhering one of the polymeric interlayers to the decorative layer and/or the step of increasing the temperature.
- the polymeric interlayer can be combined with a substrate before being combined with the decorative layer.
- the method can comprise the step of embossing the decorative layer.
- the combining step and the embossing step are carried out simultaneously.
- the embossing step can comprise the step of softening, preferably by irradiating, the surface of the decorative layer.
- the method can comprise the step of producing the polymeric interlayer.
- the polymeric interlayer is produced by forming a dispersion from recycled polymeric interlayers.
- the one or more polymeric interlayers are formed from recycled polymeric interlayer material.
- the polymeric interlayer may be manufactured from recycled polymeric interlayer materials.
- a polymeric interlayer can be manufactured from 100% recycled PVB trimmings, and due to changes in light transmission properties, and contamination, the recycling of PVB polymeric interlayer is limited, and most PVB polymeric interlayer recovered when recycling automotive windshields are incinerated or buried. Therefore, in an effort to reduce the environmental impact, it would be preferable to use a polymeric interlayer manufactured from recycled material recovered from windscreens or other laminated glass materials.
- Recycled PVB polymeric interlayer material in the form of a dispersion is commercially available and may be used with or without a crosslinking agent, for example a blocked isocyanate containing crosslinking agent.
- the combining step of the method according to the invention preferably comprises the step of coating the decorative layer with a mixture comprising the polymeric interlayer material and/or a mixture from which the polymeric interlayer is formed.
- the polymeric interlayer is formed from recycled polymeric interlayer material, and either coated directly to the non-decorative side of the decorative layer or coated into and onto a substrate, such as a carrier material, which is subsequently attached to the non-decorative side of the decorative layer.
- the polymeric interlayer in either sheet or roll format is attached on the non-decorative side of the decorative layer in the lay-up with the impregnated papers that will form the decorative layer.
- the method can comprise one or more, so also all, of the steps of adding a substrate, adding one or more protective layers, adding a thermal insulation layer, adding an embedded measurement device (sensor), pressing the obtained product.
- At least one polymeric interlayer with an outermost protective film is combined with 2 or more impregnated papers in a hot press to form a hybrid HPL or hybrid CPL sheet.
- the meaning of hybrid is that the HPL or CPL sheet differs from standard HPL and CPL which do not incorporate a polymeric interlayer.
- At least one polymeric interlayer and at least one fire retardant material layer is combined with 2 or more impregnated papers in a hot press to form a hybrid HPL or hybrid CPL sheet.
- At least one polymeric interlayer is adhered to the non-decorative side of a HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material, and the composite material attached to a substrate.
- At least one polymeric interlayer and at least one fire retardant layer is adhered to the non-decorative side of a HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material, and the composite material attached to a substrate.
- the HPL or CPL or LPM surface is preheated immediately before an embossing of the laminate surface.
- the embossing may be In-Register with a printed design.
- HPL or CPL, and at least one polymeric interlayer are combined with a substrate in a press using a press tool to impart an embossing to the laminate surface.
- the surface of the laminate is preheated immediately prior to the embossing action, and the embossing may be substantially In-Register with the printed design of the laminate surface.
- a fire retardant layer is included in the HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material multilayer composite product, located between the polymeric interlayer and the substrate.
- a thermal insulation layer is included in the HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material multilayer composite product, located between the polymeric interlayer and the substrate.
- a thermal insulation layer may be attached in a separate process step to a substrate, and the laminate attached to the thermal insulation layer side of the substrate.
- This concept is also applicable where there is no fire retardant layer used in the manufacture of HPL or CPL with a polymeric interlayer, meaning that the impregnated paper / polymeric interlayer is in a separate process step attached to the thermal insulation / substrate.
- the polymeric interlayer is a dispersion manufactured from recycled polymeric interlayers and is coated on and into a carrier material, for example a fire retardant material layer, and later the coated carrier material layer in attached to the non-decorative side of the HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material.
- a carrier material for example a fire retardant material layer
- the recycled polymeric interlayer dispersion is coated directly onto the non-decorative side of the HPL, CPL, finish foil, nonwoven, wood based veneer or thin ceramic material.
- the recycled polymeric interlayer may include an embedded measurement device (sensor).
- the polymeric interlayer has an embedded wire used to increase the temperature of the decorative surface.
- the increase in surface temperature may provide a pleasing effect if the application should be for example as a flooring component.
- the increase in surface temperature may change the colour of all or part of the decorative surface if the decorative surface contains thermochromic pigments or dyes.
- an embedded measurement device is placed in the polymeric interlayer and records changes in room temperature.
- the embedded measurement device is connected to a microprocessor and programmed to regulate the heating or cooling system of the room.
- the 12 examples present only a limited number of possible process steps or combinations and are not limiting different process steps or combinations to achieve the objectives of the invention. Furthermore, the number of layers that form the multilayer laminate product is not restricted in any way and the laminate may have 2 decorative sides, and not necessarily be a symmetric construction.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22158176.2A EP4234266A1 (de) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Laminat und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminats |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22158176.2A EP4234266A1 (de) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Laminat und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminats |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4234266A1 true EP4234266A1 (de) | 2023-08-30 |
Family
ID=80446779
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22158176.2A Pending EP4234266A1 (de) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Laminat und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminats |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4234266A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999006210A1 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low temperature lamination of wood |
US8209928B2 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2012-07-03 | Faus Group | Embossed-in-registration flooring system |
EP3393800A1 (de) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-10-31 | Trespa International B.V. | Zierblende |
AU2019271977A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-18 | Depco-Trh Pty Ltd | Enhanced tactile and auditory properties from hard materials |
-
2022
- 2022-02-23 EP EP22158176.2A patent/EP4234266A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999006210A1 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low temperature lamination of wood |
US8209928B2 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2012-07-03 | Faus Group | Embossed-in-registration flooring system |
EP3393800A1 (de) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-10-31 | Trespa International B.V. | Zierblende |
AU2019271977A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-18 | Depco-Trh Pty Ltd | Enhanced tactile and auditory properties from hard materials |
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