EP4222117A1 - Procede de traitement d'un effluent d'eaux residuaires dans un reacteur batch sequence (sbr) a niveau constant et a reprise controlee - Google Patents
Procede de traitement d'un effluent d'eaux residuaires dans un reacteur batch sequence (sbr) a niveau constant et a reprise controleeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4222117A1 EP4222117A1 EP21786475.0A EP21786475A EP4222117A1 EP 4222117 A1 EP4222117 A1 EP 4222117A1 EP 21786475 A EP21786475 A EP 21786475A EP 4222117 A1 EP4222117 A1 EP 4222117A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- enclosure
- recovery
- duct
- return duct
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
- B01D21/0048—Plurality of plates inclined in alternating directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/0084—Enhancing liquid-particle separation using the flotation principle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
- B01D21/2444—Discharge mechanisms for the classified liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/30—Control equipment
- B01D21/302—Active control mechanisms with external energy, e.g. with solenoid valve
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/30—Control equipment
- B01D21/34—Controlling the feed distribution; Controlling the liquid level ; Control of process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/005—Valves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the invention lies in the technical field of the biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater and more specifically the technology known as Sequenced Biological Reactor (also known by its acronym SBR for Sequencing Batch Reactor).
- Sequenced Biological Reactor also known by its acronym SBR for Sequencing Batch Reactor.
- An SBR operates in sequence with different treatment steps, and in particular a settling phase which makes it possible to separate the so-called "activated" sludge from the treated water.
- a so-called “activated sludge” process uses biological purification in its wastewater treatment. It is a mode of purification by free cultures. The principle is to degrade organic matter, suspended or dissolved in wastewater, by bacteria. A good level of biodegradation is obtained thanks to a homogenization of the medium allowing bacteria to access the particles and good aeration. Then, the sludge settles in the bottom of the reactor during the settling phase.
- An activated sludge process can aim to eliminate carbon pollution and nitrogen pollution, eliminate or recover the phosphorus included in the phosphorus pollution.
- the SBR technology is limited in its dimensioning by the settleability of the sludge. Indeed, one of the factors limiting the concentration of activated sludge in an SBR, itself representing a potential for treating a polluting load, is the settleability of the sludge generally expressed by the Mohlman index.
- the Mohlman index is the index of sludge settling ability. This index defines the volume of activated sludge decanted in half an hour in relation to the mass of dry residue (or the concentration of suspended matter, also denoted SS) of this sludge: the lower the index, the better the capacity sludge settling.
- Denser sludge makes it possible to work with higher concentrations while allowing good decantability (index) and therefore to treat more pollution in the same volume of work.
- a first design of a so-called sequenced reactor uses two different volumes which are used alternately in reaction and in settling, the water being transferred from the reaction compartment to the settling compartment (Unitank process by Seghers).
- SBR sequenced reactor
- This type of SBR reactor has been improved, and most biological reactors of the sequenced type (SBR) are currently designed with a single volume, in which the various stages of the treatment take place successively.
- These reactors are generally at variable level: the raw water supply phase and the treated water recovery phase are separated over time, so that when the treated water is recovered, the water level in the reactor drops.
- a constant level SBR operation involves supplying raw water and taking up treated water simultaneously and at the same flow rate to maintain the level constant: if the equipment allowing the taking up of treated water is immersed without any particular precaution, it will be contaminated by SS (suspended solids) during the reaction phase (reaction sequence) and more specifically during the aeration phase during which the entire volume of the reactor biological will be at an average sludge concentration of several grams per litre.
- SS suspended solids
- the water located in the volume corresponding to the lowering of the level is potentially rich in nitrates which will prove to be harmful to the release of phosphates during the resumed feeding phase.
- Document US 2018/0043286 describes a method for emptying water in a tank based on a drain pipe arranged entirely in the tank. Water from the tank enters the drain pipe through permanently submerged ports. Compressed air is introduced into the drain pipe to force the water in the pipe to drain to a collector. Compressed air is vented from the drain pipe to fill the pipe with water.
- the drain pipe includes simple orifices through which water and sludge enter directly into the pipe. More precisely, during the aeration phase, the height of expansion of the volume of water in the enclosure varies due to the regulation of the quantity of air injected. This leads to a variation in the pressure in the pipe. The water and sludge present in the enclosure then accumulates inside the pipe.
- Patent US6884354 is also known, which describes a constant level sequenced batch reactor (SBR), including a clarifier (or take-up device) as described in patent US4596658, said clarifier being arranged horizontally close to a reactor wall.
- SBR constant level sequenced batch reactor
- the clarifier of US4596658 comprises a laminar opening in the form of an elongated slot to collect the clarified water. Such a device is liable to create turbulence during the suction of the clarified water. This can affect the quality of the clarified water taken back.
- the invention aims to overcome all or part of the problems mentioned above by proposing a process for treating a waste water effluent in a sequenced batch reactor (SBR) at constant level in which the treated water is taken up via an air-blocked return duct.
- SBR sequenced batch reactor
- the invention is based on a step for controlling the recovery means of the enclosure of the SBR during which, just before the commissioning of the ventilation in the SBR, the recovery duct is filled with air up to that the conduit is completely emptied of the water contained in the conduit.
- the invention guarantees the non-contamination of the treated water return pipe by activated sludge during aeration thanks to a controlled air filling of the return pipe according to the stages of the treatment process.
- the subject of the invention is a process for treating a waste water effluent in a sequenced batch reactor (SBR), said SBR comprising:
- an enclosure capable of containing a waste water-sludge mixture comprising different levels, each level being defined by a concentration and/or a density of sludge,
- a recovery duct extending below the surface of the mixture of the enclosure, between the interior and the exterior of the enclosure, comprising:
- ⁇ a plurality of return orifices through which the clarified fraction of the contents of the enclosure is intended to be drained, an air duct connecting the return duct hydraulically or a (2015)licically with the atmosphere, o an air exhaust valve on the air duct, able to adopt an open position or a closed position, o a blocking device air/water on the return duct, capable of blocking the air in the return duct upstream of the air/water blocking device and of blocking the water downstream of the blocking device, o an air injector connected to the return duct and intended to supply the return duct with pressurized and/or compressed air, said method comprising:
- an SBR supply step during which a volume of effluent to be treated is introduced near the bottom of the enclosure, into the bed of sludge, preferably via a distribution network covering the bottom of the enclosure ,
- a biological treatment reaction sequence comprising at least: o a stage of aeration of the contents of the enclosure, during which the level of the surface of the mixture rises,
- o the recovery duct is filled with air until the recovery duct is completely emptied of the clarified fraction contained in the recovery duct, and o the return pipe is kept filled with air during the reaction sequence and preferably until the end of the settling step,
- the exhaust valve is in the closed position, and the air/water blocking device blocks the air in the return duct by creating 'a hydraulic discontinuity between the upstream and downstream of the air/water blocking device.
- the exhaust valve is in the open position so as to allow the evacuation of air simultaneously with the water inlet. clarified in the recovery conduit.
- the air/water blocking device assumes the so-called open position so as to allow the fraction clarified to exit through the return orifices.
- the invention also relates to an installation for treating a waste water effluent in a sequenced batch reactor (SBR), said SBR comprising:
- an enclosure capable of containing a waste water-sludge mixture comprising different levels, each level being defined by a concentration and/or a density of sludge,
- - means for recovering a clarified fraction of the contents of the enclosure comprising: o a recovery duct extending below the surface of the contents of the enclosure, between the interior and the exterior of the enclosure, comprising: ⁇ a plurality of channels hydraulically connecting the contents of the enclosure and the return duct,
- an air duct connecting the return duct hydraulically or a crizlicically with the atmosphere, o an air exhaust valve on the air duct, able to adopt an open position or a closed position, o a device for air/water blockage on the return duct, each of the two valves being able to block the air in the return duct or to let it pass, o an air injector connected to the return duct and intended to supply the return to pressurized and/or compressed air, the SBR being able to implement a treatment method comprising a biological treatment reaction sequence comprising at least one step of aerating the contents of the enclosure, during which the level of the surface of the mixture rises, a settling step, during which sludge settles at the bottom of the enclosure and the contents of the enclosure clarifies near its surface, a step for recovering the clarified fraction of the contents of the enclosure, lesdi the recovery and supply steps taking place simultaneously, so as to maintain the level of the content of the enclosure substantially constant during the recovery and supply steps, the installation further comprising means for
- the return orifices are positioned above the level of the return duct, and the return duct includes an air exhaust duct.
- the return orifices are positioned below the level of the return duct, and the return duct includes an air exhaust duct.
- the blocking device comprises a regulating valve positioned at the level of the return orifices.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents an example of a sequenced batch reactor adapted to the implementation of the treatment method of the invention
- Figure 2 schematically shows the enclosure of the SBR and the recovery means
- Figure 3 shows a flowchart of the steps of the process for treating a waste water effluent according to the invention
- FIGS 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 schematically represent the characteristics of the SBR recovery means at different operating phases according to the invention
- FIGS 10, 11 and 12 schematically represent alternative embodiments of the SBR recovery means according to the invention.
- FIG. 13 represents a flowchart of the steps of a variant of the method for treating a waste water effluent according to the invention in an SBR;
- FIG 14 schematically shows variants of the recovery means of the SBR.
- the scales are not respected.
- the same elements will bear the same references in the different figures.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a sequenced batch reactor 10 suitable for implementing the treatment method of the invention.
- the invention relates to an installation for treating waste water effluent in a sequenced batch reactor 10 (SBR).
- SBR sequenced batch reactor 10
- the SBR 10 comprises:
- an enclosure 11 capable of containing a mixture of 12 waters (residual or treated)-sludge comprising different levels, each level being defined by a concentration and/or a density of sludge,
- the SBR 10 being capable of implementing a treatment method comprising a reaction sequence 102 of biological treatment comprising at least one step 105 of aeration of the contents of the enclosure 11, during which the level of the surface 24 of the mixture 12 rises, and possibly a settling step 106, during which sludge is deposited at the bottom of the enclosure 11 and the content of enclosure 11 clarifies near its surface 24, a step 107 of recovering the clarified fraction 22 of the content of enclosure 11, said recovery 107 and supply 101 steps taking place simultaneously, so as to maintain the level of the contents of the enclosure 11 substantially constant during the recovery 107 and supply 101 steps, the installation further comprising control means 210 recovery means 200 making it possible to resume the clarified fraction of the enclosure .
- recovery / recovery is to be understood as evacuation / evacuate and / or emptying / emptying. Aeration of the contents of the enclosure is done with air 8 via a distribution network 27, preferably covering the bottom of the enclosure 11 .
- Figure 2 schematically shows the enclosure 11 of the SBR 10 and the recovery means 200.
- the recovery means 200 of the clarified fraction of the content 12 of the enclosure 11 include:
- a return duct 201 extending below the surface 24 of the contents 12 of the enclosure 11, between the interior 25 and the exterior 26 of the enclosure, comprising: o a plurality of channels 202 hydraulically connecting the contents 12 of the enclosure 11 and the return duct 201, o a plurality of return orifices 203 through which the clarified fraction of the contents 12 of the enclosure 11 is intended to be emptied, o an air duct 204 connecting hydraulically or aeraulically the return duct 201 with the atmosphere,
- an air exhaust valve 205 on the air duct 204 capable of assuming an open position or a closed position, through which the air blocked in the return duct can be evacuated to the atmosphere
- an air/water blocking device 216 on the return duct 201 capable of passing from a so-called closed state to a so-called open state, and vice versa, so as to block the air in the return duct 201 upstream of the air/water blocking device 216 and able to block the water downstream of the air/water blocking device 216,
- an air injector 207 connected to the return duct 201 and intended to supply the return duct 201 with pressurized and/or compressed air.
- the return duct may comprise several other channels 202, with a particular arrangement: the channels 202 are distributed so as to cover the surface and constitute a network of channels and sampling orifices.
- the channels 202 are arranged along the conduit 201.
- the plurality of channels constitutes a plurality of entry points for the clarified water in the conduit 201. For a volume of liquid to be evacuated through the conduit 201, this results in a lower flow rate per channel.
- this arrangement of the invention makes it possible to avoid the creation of currents likely to create turbulence on the surface, which would be detrimental to the quality of the return water.
- the water sampling orifices 203 may have the shape of elongated or circular slots.
- the air/water blocking device 216 will be detailed below in the form of two embodiments.
- This device can be a valve, preferably motorized, which can assume the open or closed position or a U-shaped siphon which can be primed or deprimed.
- the air/water blocking device 216 is said to be open if the valve is in the open position or the siphon primed, and is said to be closed if the valve is closed or the siphon deprimed.
- the recovery means 200 may comprise an air injector 207 connected to the air duct 204 between the exhaust valve 205 and the air/water blocking device 216 and be intended to supply the recovery duct 201 with supercharged/compressed air.
- the air allowing the blockage of the return duct can alternatively come from the air source used in the treatment process.
- the air injector 207 can be dedicated to air/water blockage. In this case, it includes a non-return valve.
- the air injector 207 can also be not dedicated to air/water blockage, that is to say the air injector can come from the air supply of the enclosure.
- the recovery means 200 further comprise a blocking valve 206 to ensure the blocking function.
- the air injector 207 is not necessarily connected to the air duct 204 but it is systematically connected to the return duct 101 to block it in air/water.
- the air injector 207 can operate intermittently during the aeration step 105 or continuously.
- the exhaust valve 205 corresponds to a vent valve.
- the control means 210 of the recovery means 200 aim to fill the recovery duct 201 with air until the recovery duct 201 is completely emptied of the clarified fraction contained in the recovery duct 201, at keep the return duct 201 filled with air during the aeration step 105 and during the settling step 106, and to evacuate the air contained in the return duct 201 with clarified fraction 22 during the step feed 101 and step 107 recovery. More specifically, the control means 210 are configured to actuate the valve 205 and the blocking device 216 as needed so that the recovery duct empties of the clarified fraction present in the recovery duct 201 and maintains the recovery duct 201 filled with air during the aeration phase and the settling phase. Air can be supplied continuously.
- the recovery means 200 can also come from an external air source, that is to say not dedicated to air/water blockage, and provided for the ventilation of the enclosure.
- an isolation valve 206 is necessary.
- the recovery means 200 comprise an air injector 207 dedicated to blocking air/water
- the latter can inject pressurized and/or compressed air into the recovery duct 201 .
- this dedicated air injector 207 has a check valve (not shown in the figures). In other words, the return duct 201 is then blocked in air: it is filled with air which cannot then be evacuated due to the closing of the air/water blocking device 216 and the exhaust valve 205.
- the level of the contents of the enclosure increases due to the introduction of air into the enclosure and the level of the contents rises.
- the speaker content level rises.
- the return duct being filled with air, this content cannot enter the duct.
- This has the advantages of avoiding a loss of sludge from the system (the presence of sludge being important to densify), and of avoiding contamination of the return pipe and of the clarified water leaving the orifices 203 (this is important vis-à-vis vis-à-vis the tertiary treatment that should be implemented downstream, and/or vis-à-vis the discharge standards), the channels 202 make it possible to compensate for the gaseous retention raising the water level of the reactor during aeration, they also compensate for an imperfect horizontality of the piping.
- This configuration guarantees, thanks to the control of the recovery means, not to make enter only the clarified fraction into the return pipe, without any risk of contents containing sludge entering it.
- the channels 202 which are tubes with inlet orifices are permanently submerged and are filled with the contents of the enclosure (water clarified (during feeding/recovery and anaerobic) or in air (reaction stage including aeration stage, and settling stage).
- the channels 202 have a dual role: they form an access to the clarified fraction towards the recovery conduit 201 during the supply/recovery step, and they form a buffer volume, without access to the recovery conduit 201, which contains the contents of the enclosure when the level of the contents of the enclosure increases due to ventilation.
- the passage from the role of access to the recovery duct to that of buffer volume is done according to the progress of the treatment process, thanks to the injection/exhaust of supercharged and/or compressed air and the opening/closing of the blocking device and exhaust valve.
- the injection/exhaust of supercharged and/or compressed air and the opening/closing of the blocking device and of the exhaust valve are controlled by the control means 210 of the recovery means 200.
- the air/water blocking device 216 comprises a U-shaped siphon 208 between the air duct 204 and the return orifices 203.
- the siphon aims to hydraulically disconnect the contents of the enclosure from the clarified water outside the enclosure, it is thus defused.
- By extending the height of the siphon it is also possible to compensate for the elevation of the level of the surface 24 during the aeration stage.
- the presence of a siphon is not mandatory and other embodiments are possible and will be presented below.
- the siphon can be associated with a blocking valve 206 which is also controlled by the control means 210 if the air to fill the return duct comes from the air for the treatment (air injector 207 not dedicated to blocking in air).
- a return orifice 203 is an orifice through which the treated water is evacuated.
- FIG. 3 represents a flowchart of the steps of the process for treating a waste water effluent according to the invention in an SBR 10.
- the SBR 10 comprises:
- an enclosure 11 capable of containing a mixture 12 of waste water-sludge comprising different levels, each level being defined by a concentration and/or a density of sludge,
- the recovery means 200 have been described on the basis of Figure 2.
- the process for treating a waste water effluent in a sequenced batch reactor (SBR) 10 according to the invention comprises:
- reaction sequence 102 of biological treatment comprising at least one step 105 of aeration of the contents of the enclosure, during which the level of the surface 24 of the mixture 12 rises.
- the injection of air can be done by a non-dedicated air distribution system with an isolation valve 206 such as an air distribution device, for the aeration stage 105, or can also be done by a dedicated distribution system (a compressor or a booster for example) advantageously comprising a non-return valve.
- a non-dedicated air distribution system with an isolation valve 206 such as an air distribution device, for the aeration stage 105, or can also be done by a dedicated distribution system (a compressor or a booster for example) advantageously comprising a non-return valve.
- the method of the invention also comprises: - a decantation step 106, during which sludge settles at the bottom of the enclosure 11 and the contents of the enclosure 11 clarifies near its surface 24,
- the method according to the invention can also comprise a waiting phase 116 coupled with the feeding, settling or anaerobic stages.
- the treatment method comprises:
- the method may include a step 121 of filling, at least partially, the channels 202 with the contents 12 of the enclosure 11 during step 105 of aeration, if the air injection is not continuous during the air injection steps.
- the processing method comprises, between step 120 and step 123, two other steps of maintaining the air filling of the return duct.
- step 120 of filling the return duct 201 with air takes place by injecting air and emptying it with clarified water simultaneously.
- the valve 205 is closed and the air/water blocking device 216 is said to be closed, the air injection device (the air injector 207) is in operation, at the start of the first aeration stage 105.
- the method includes a step 122 of maintaining the air filling of the return duct 201 by injecting air.
- the valve 205 is closed and the air/water blocking device 216 is said to be closed, the air injection device 207 is in operation, during the aeration step 105.
- the method comprises a step 122bis of maintaining the air filling of the return duct without injection of air.
- Valve 205 is closed and air/water blocking device 216 is said to be closed, air injection device 207 is off, during the aeration 105 and settling 106 steps.
- step 123 of expelling the air contained in the return duct and filling it with clarified water simultaneously.
- the valve 205 is open and the blocking device 216 is said to be open, the air injection device 207 is off, during the supply 101, recovery 107, anaerobic 103 stages.
- step 121 of filling, at least partially, of the channels 202 by the contents 12 of the enclosure 11 during step 105 aeration can take place (but this step is not wanted in some way).
- step 122 it is possible to reinject air to refill the return duct 201, this is step 122.
- This can be done in a syncopated manner by adjusting a frequency and an injection duration of air or in a finer way by integrating a level measurement probe which makes it possible to detect whether it is necessary to reinject air and to trigger a step 122 during the aeration step 105.
- the return duct is kept filled with air during the reaction sequence including the aeration step. Preferably, it is also kept filled with air during the settling step. Indeed, if the return duct was no longer filled with air at the start of settling, the veil of sludge would not have enough time to descend below the inlet orifices of the channels 202, which would cause the contamination of the return duct by sludge.
- the particularity of the invention lies in the positioning of the return duct 201 below the surface 24 of the contents of the enclosure, that is to say that it is always submerged. However, its content is controlled thanks to the step of piloting (120, 122, 122bis, 123) the recovery means 200 according to the steps of the processing method. As a result, only treated water can enter the takeover conduit with a view to being taken over.
- the return duct is shown substantially horizontal, that is to say parallel to the surface 24 of the contents of the enclosure, but it could also be inclined and extend along an axis secant to the plane in which the surface is located. 24.
- the first advantage is not to limit the volume of the enclosure since it is not necessary to lower the water level below the return pipe to avoid the entry of untreated water and sludge during the aeration step 105.
- the recovery duct is filled with air just before the aeration step 105 of the reactor.
- the return duct is filled with air, that is to say it is blocked with air and thus made inaccessible to the contents of the enclosure during the phases when the contents of the enclosure near the conduit is not just treated water.
- Another feature comes from the channels 202 which hydraulically connect the contents of the enclosure 11 to the return duct 201 . They are shown perpendicular to surface 24, but can also be angled downward.
- the channels 202 play a preponderant role: while ensuring the hydraulic connection between the clarified fraction and the recovery conduit to allow the recovery of the clarified fraction, they also allow during the aeration step to contain the rise in level of the contents of the enclosure.
- the channels 202 each have two ends (visible in Figure 4): a first end 221 and a second end 222 in direct contact with the return duct 201, allowing flow between the return duct 201 and said channel 202.
- Each channel 202 can have any cross-section: circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc., as can return duct 201 .
- the aeration step 105 causes a variation in the level of the contents of the enclosure due to the injection of air into the enclosure.
- the channels 202 fill at least partially with the contents of the enclosure. This is the particular case of step 121, for a method in which the injection of air into the return duct is not continuous.
- the filling height of the channels 202 corresponds to the elevation height of the contents of the enclosure.
- the channels 202 are sized to be high enough to respond to the particular case of step 121, the content 12 does not reach the second end 222 of the channels 202.
- the return duct 201 remains filled with 'air.
- the contents of the enclosure are homogeneous, even at the level of the surface 24.
- the channels 202 Thanks to the channels 202, this homogeneous content containing sludge does not enter the return duct 201.
- the channels 202 form a transition zone between the return duct blocked in air and the contents of the enclosure.
- the ends 221 of the channels 202 can be in contact with water and sludge.
- the ends 222 of the channels 202 are never in contact with sludge.
- the return duct depending on the phases, contains either air or treated water, but never sludge.
- the return duct 201 is kept filled with air during the reaction sequence 102 and preferably the settling step 106, and optionally the waiting phase 116. This is step 122bis. At the end of settling, the sludge present in the enclosure is deposited at the bottom of the enclosure 11 and the contents of the enclosure 11 clarifies near its surface 24.
- the method then comprises a step 123 of expulsion of Air from the return duct 201.
- the valve 205 is in the open position and clarified water enters the return duct and allows the air blocked in the return duct to be expelled by the valve 205 and by the update duct. the atmosphere. Air is no longer blocked in the return duct.
- the air/water blocking device 216 goes into the so-called open position and a new cycle begins: the supply step 101 takes place simultaneously with the recovery step 107.
- the same volume is drained in order to maintain a substantially constant level.
- the return duct 201 and the channels 202 are filled with this volume of the contents 12 of the enclosure 11 located at the level of the surface 24. This is the fraction clarified that one wishes to resume.
- step 120 Controlling the air filling of the return duct (step 120) and the blocking of air in the return duct (step 122bis, possibly supplemented by step 122 if the injection of air does not is not continuous) results in precise control of when content is fed into the resume path.
- the return duct is accessible to the contents of the enclosure when the contents of the enclosure are clarified at its surface.
- the return duct is not accessible to this content.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to precisely control what enters the return duct.
- FIG. 2 Figures 4 to 9 schematically represent the characteristics of the SBR recovery means at different operating phases according to the invention.
- the take-up duct 201 is filled with clarified fraction.
- the recovery duct is not blocked in air.
- the air injection begins.
- the clarified fraction exits through the return orifices 203.
- the exhaust valve 205 is in the closed position.
- the air cannot escape, the air remains in the return duct.
- the return pipe is thus filled with air on the one hand, and the clarified fraction is maintained in the downstream part of the siphon on the other hand.
- the aeration stage then begins. Air is introduced into the enclosure by an external air injector (i.e. not dedicated to blocking the air return duct) to aerate the contents of the enclosure. Air can be added in addition to the return duct during aeration to compensate for pressure variations in the return duct which will be linked to variations in water level during aeration. This is step 122.
- the air/water blocking device 216 is said to be in the closed position and the valve 205 is closed, ensuring the blocking of the air in the return duct 201 upstream of the blocking device 216.
- Figure 7 shows the settling step. Mud can be extracted from the enclosure. The level of the contents of the enclosure decreases slightly (of the order of a few centimeters). The level reduced by sludge extraction is represented by Q”.
- the air exhaust valve 205 is placed in the open position and the air/water blocking device 216 goes into the open position (i.e. the device 216 opens in the case of a motorized valve, or it primes in the case of the siphon) to allow the clarified water to pass.
- the air/water blocking device 216 goes into the open position (i.e. the device 216 opens in the case of a motorized valve, or it primes in the case of the siphon) to allow the clarified water to pass.
- Some of the clarified fraction enters the return line and is drained through the return ports 203 while expelling the air through the valve 205 and the vent line 204. This step is shown in Figure 8.
- the sludge is far from the return conduit and the channels 202. There is no longer any risk of sludge entering the return conduit.
- the air is unblocked: the valve 206 is closed in the case of an air injector not dedicated to air blocking, the exhaust valve 205 is open (as well as the air/water blocking device 216) , just before the power and resume steps.
- the air injector 207 does not operate during the settling step 106: it operates only during the aeration or air injection steps into the enclosure.
- Figure 9 shows the simultaneous supply and recovery steps. By supplying the enclosure with waste water from the bottom of the enclosure, the level of the content increases according to the pressure drops generated by the recovery means 200.
- the means for controlling the return means also manage the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 205 and of the air/water blockage 216.
- the exhaust valve 205 is in the closed position
- the air/water blocking device 216 is in the closed position (that is to say that the device 216 is closed in the case of a motorized valve, or it defuses in the case of the siphon).
- the air/water blocking device 216 blocks the air in the return duct 201 by creating a hydraulic discontinuity between the upstream and the downstream of the air/water blocking device 216.
- the exhaust valve 205 is in the open position so as to allow the evacuation of the air simultaneously with the entry of clarified water into the conduit recovery then the air/water blocking device 216 assumes the so-called open position so as to allow the clarified fraction 22 to exit through the recovery orifices 203.
- FIGS 10 to 12 schematically represent alternative embodiments of the SBR recovery means according to the invention.
- the return orifices 203 are positioned below the level of the return duct 201, and the return duct 201 includes an air exhaust duct 211 to ensure the good air evacuation.
- the return orifices 203 are positioned below the level of the return duct 201, and the air/water blocking device 216 comprises a control valve 212 (advantageously motorized, in particular a motorized valve coupled to a device for regulating the flow rate) positioned upstream of the return orifices 203.
- the regulating valve 212 aims to hydraulically disconnect the water in the enclosure from the water outside the enclosure and to block the air upstream of the device 216, it also makes it possible to maintain a constant level of the surface of the reactor during the supply 101 and recovery 107 step by limiting the generation of hydraulic jolts downstream of the recovery orifices 203.
- the regulating valve 212 is then closed during disconnection after the power supply 101 and recovery 107 step and before the aeration step 105 (or the air injection step 110).
- the regulation valve is open during the air expulsion step 123 to then allow the clarified fraction to pass through the return orifices 203. Note that for the blocking function, the valve 212 is not necessarily a control valve (a simple open/close valve is sufficient).
- the invention also relates to a return duct in which the return orifices 203 are positioned substantially at the same level as the return duct.
- the recovery means 200 also comprise a regulating valve 212 positioned upstream of the recovery orifices 203.
- FIG. 13 represents a flowchart of the steps of a variant of the process for treating a waste water effluent according to the invention in an SBR 10.
- the SBR reactor 10 according to this variant of the invention makes it possible to selectively extracting the sludge less able to settle which is found in the mixture 12.
- the SBR 10, visible in Figure 1 comprises extraction means 19 capable of extracting sludge 23 (shown schematically for understanding purposes) at variable levels between the level of minimum extraction 17 and maximum extraction level 18 (arrow B represents mud output).
- the extraction means 19 can comprise an extractor 191 comprising at least a first part having at least one opening 191 a inside the enclosure 11 and a second part 191 b capable of causing the sludge to exit outside of said enclosure.
- the extraction means 19 may comprise variation means 192 capable of varying the position of the opening 191 a of said extractor 191, in particular the level of said opening between the minimum extraction level 17 and the maximum extraction level 18.
- the extractor 191 advantageously comprises a (suction) pump or a gravity valve (not shown) for extracting the sludge.
- the extractor 191 can comprise a set of tubes arranged at different levels in the enclosure 11, each tube comprising a first end having an opening inside the enclosure 11 and a second end connected to the second part 91 b of the extractor 191, the variation means 192 comprising a set of valves capable of opening or closing said tubes.
- the extraction means thus allow the extraction of the sludge at one or more variable levels.
- the extraction means 19 are represented on the left part of the SBR, but the second part 191 b of the sludge outlet is to be connected to the extracted sludge 23.
- the means 16 for determining the minimum level 17 and the maximum level 18 for extracting the sludge 23 in the enclosure 11 can comprise measurement means 161 capable of measuring the concentration at different levels of a waste water- sludge.
- a mud blanket probe can measure the surface of the mud bed.
- a MES (Suspended Matter) probe is used to measure the concentration of the sludge.
- Several probes can be placed on the height of the enclosure in order to measure the concentration of suspended solids at different levels. These measurements are used to determine the levels 17, 18.
- the means 16 can comprise selection means 162 able to select a maximum sludge concentration value and a minimum sludge concentration value, as well as a volume of sludge to be extracted. .
- the selection can be made by an operator or on the basis of a calculation related to the age of mud.
- the means 16 may comprise deduction means 163 able to deduce a minimum extraction level corresponding to the selected maximum concentration value and a maximum extraction level corresponding to the selected minimum concentration value.
- the measuring means 161 can for example comprise a measuring probe. Said measuring probe makes it possible to measure the concentration of sludge in the mixture.
- the measuring probe 161 is immersed in the mixture as shown. It can be at a fixed or variable immersion depth depending on the type of probe chosen. Or as said above, there may be several measurement probes on the height of the enclosure.
- the measurement probe 161 is connected to the selection means 162, which make it possible to check whether the measurement corresponds to sludge to be extracted or not, and to the means of deduction 163 which make it possible to link the measurement to the corresponding level of extraction.
- These determining means 16 are connected to means 19 for extracting the sludge, more particularly to the means 192 for varying the level of extraction, mainly to select the level of extraction.
- the variation means 192 vary the level of the opening 191a of the extractor 191, or it is possible to extract selectively at fixed extraction levels and at variable times according to the evolution of the content, for example during the settling stage, waiting, supply/recovery, anaerobic depending on the measurement of the sludge blanket, or even non-selectively during the aeration stage.
- the measuring means 161 of the determining means 16 comprise an ultrasonic sensor immersed below the surface of the waste water-sludge mixture.
- the ultrasonic sensor makes it possible to send an ultrasonic wave into said mixture (it then functions as a transmitter) then to receive an ultrasonic wave in return after having traveled a given distance in the waste water-sludge mixture (it then functions as a receiver).
- the sensor is connected to selection means 162 and to deduction means 163.
- FIG. 13 represents the flowchart of the steps of the variant of the process for treating a waste water effluent according to the invention.
- the treatment method according to the invention comprises:
- reaction sequence 102 comprising: o at least a first anaerobic step 103, during which the PAOs 14 capture carbonaceous pollution and release phosphorus compounds, o optionally, a second step 104, in anoxic conditions, of denitrification, this step does not being implemented only in the event of a concentration of NOx greater than a predetermined threshold, o a third step 105 of aeration, making it possible to carry out the dephosphatation of the effluent by the PAOs 14, the aeration being controlled so as to simultaneously carry out either nitrification (partial or total), or nitritation (partial or total ),
- a settling step 106 during which sludge settles at the bottom of the enclosure 11 and the contents of the enclosure 11 clarifies near its surface 24,
- a recovery step 107 during which a clarified fraction 22 of the contents of the enclosure is evacuated, said recovery 107 and supply 101 steps taking place simultaneously, so as to maintain the level of the contents of the enclosure 11 substantially constant during the recovery 107 and supply 101 steps, and
- step 108 for extracting at least part of the light sludge 23 to a predefined level between the minimum extraction level 17 and the maximum extraction level 18, preferably close to the veil of mud 15.
- the feeding step 101 is carried out in anaerobic conditions, or else in anoxia.
- step 101 in anoxia makes it possible to denitrify.
- the anaerobic step 103 is carried out anaerobically, the aeration step 105 is carried out aerobically. Stage 106 of decantation is carried out in aerobic then in anoxia.
- the second step 104 can be linked to a step 117 for measuring the concentration of NOx in the enclosure.
- the treatment method according to the invention may also optionally comprise a fourth step 111 anoxia of denitrification or denitritation or deammonification. More specifically, essentially three variants will be considered: according to the first variant, the third step 105 comprises total or partial nitrification, and the anoxia step 111 is a denitrification (post-denitrification process); according to a second variant, the third step 105 comprises total or partial nitritation, and the anoxia step 111 is a denitritation (post-denitritation process); finally, according to a third variant, the third step 105 comprises a partial nitritation, and the anoxia step 111 is a deammonification (process called “ANAMMOX”).
- ANAMMOX deammonification
- the fourth step 111 can be linked to a step 117bis for measuring the concentration of NOx in the enclosure.
- the step 101 of feeding through the bed of sludge allows the sludge to come into contact with the raw water to be treated.
- the volume of waste water to be treated 20 is introduced through the bed of sludge where the PAOs are located.
- the particles and the soluble fraction of the volume introduced are made accessible to bacteria.
- the PAOs capture carbonaceous pollution and release phosphate compounds.
- the aeration step 105 enables the dephosphatation of the contents of the enclosure by the PAOs.
- the reaction sequence 102 contributes to the development of PAOs which exhibit good settleability.
- the sludge is deposited by gravity in the bottom of the enclosure. Heavy muds and PAOs settle faster than light muds. They contribute to the sludge bed. Light sludge has poorer settleability. They remain longer in suspension in the contents of the enclosure, above the sludge bed.
- the step 108 of extracting at least part of the light sludge makes it possible to extract the least decantable sludge at each cycle.
- the extraction does not necessarily bind to each cycle depending on the operating constraints. For example, it is possible not to extract on weekends. As a result, only sludge with good settleability is kept in the SBR enclosure.
- the combination of the action of PAOs producing denser sludge and the extraction of light sludge densifies the sludge present in the containment.
- the process of the invention a so-called densified sludge process, makes it possible to obtain high sludge settling speeds, regardless of the nature of the sludge present in the enclosure of the SBR.
- step 110 of injecting air into the enclosure 11 . It is also during this step 110 that air can be injected simultaneously into the return duct to achieve air blockage following step 120.
- the injection of air into the enclosure before step 104 allows the suspension of the biomass for better mixing with the supernatant rich in oxidized nitrogen (nitrate NO3 and nitrite NO2), which improves the yield of the denitrification of the feed stage 104, and also the yield of the first anaerobic stage 103.
- this step 110 is optional, if the second optional step 104 is activated, depending on the NOx concentration measurement.
- the settling step 106 can be preceded by a step 112 of injecting air into the enclosure 11 . It is also during this step 112 that air can be injected simultaneously into the return duct to achieve air blockage following step 122.
- the injection of air into the enclosure before step decantation makes it possible to homogenize the contents of the enclosure and bring the sludge into contact with the oxidized nitrogen species. In addition, the injection of air also makes it possible to degas the nitrogen.
- the treatment method according to the invention may comprise a step 113 of densification of the sludge by a densification device 30 inside or outside the enclosure 11.
- the densification device 30 can be a sieve of suitable size placed upstream of the sludge extraction means in order to retain the largest flocs and thus improve the selection, that is to say their maintenance in the enclosure, of the particles settling the easier.
- the sludge densification step can consist of adding ballast (such as zeolites).
- the treatment method according to the invention comprises a step 114 of controlling the duration of the third aeration step 105 as a function of the level of pollution of the waste water effluent 20, in particular as a function of the concentration of NH4 and/or NO 2 ' and/or NO 3 ' in the contents of the enclosure. More precisely, it is the pollution of the raw water which is measured indirectly as soon as the contents of the enclosure are aerated at least once.
- This variant of the process is referred to as the "densified sludge" treatment variant, making it possible to obtain high sludge settling speeds, whatever the nature of the sludge (granular or not), and advantageously with sludge not granular.
- the densification of the sludge is obtained in a constant-level SBR by optimizing the production of easily decantable microorganisms, thanks to the combination of several factors and in particular with a sludge extraction strategy, which makes it possible to preserve in the reactor the sludge with the best settleability, extracting the least settleable sludge at each cycle.
- FIG. 14 schematically represents variants A, B, C, D of the SBR recovery means.
- the air injector 207 is dedicated to air/water blockage. In this case, it includes a non-return valve 2071. In variants B and D, the air injector 207 is not dedicated to air/water blockage, that is to say that the injector d air 2071 is also used to supply air to the enclosure. In this case, the recovery means 200 further comprise a blocking valve 206 to ensure the blocking function.
- the air injector 207 can be connected to the air duct 204 (variant C), but this is not compulsory. On the other hand, the air injector 207 is obligatorily connected to the return duct 101 to block it in air/water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2010111A FR3114809A1 (fr) | 2020-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | Procédé de traitement d’un effluent d’eaux résiduaires dans un réacteur batch séquencé (SBR) à niveau constant et à reprise contrôlée |
PCT/EP2021/077179 WO2022069745A1 (fr) | 2020-10-02 | 2021-10-01 | Procede de traitement d'un effluent d'eaux residuaires dans un reacteur batch sequence (sbr) a niveau constant et a reprise controlee |
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EP4222117A1 true EP4222117A1 (fr) | 2023-08-09 |
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EP21786475.0A Pending EP4222117A1 (fr) | 2020-10-02 | 2021-10-01 | Procede de traitement d'un effluent d'eaux residuaires dans un reacteur batch sequence (sbr) a niveau constant et a reprise controlee |
Country Status (10)
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US (1) | US20230365448A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4222117A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2023543901A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20230088733A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116981644A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3194201A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3114809A1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL301772A (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2023003748A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022069745A1 (fr) |
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US4596658A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1986-06-24 | Mandt Mikkel G | Sequencing batch reactor decanter systems |
US4883602A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1989-11-28 | Fluid Dynamics, Inc. | Decanting apparatus and method |
NL1021466C2 (nl) | 2002-09-16 | 2004-03-18 | Univ Delft Tech | Werkwijze voor het behandelen van afvalwater. |
US6884354B1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-04-26 | Glen R. Calltharp | System and process for the treatment of wastewater |
DE102005026215A1 (de) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-14 | Linde-Kca-Dresden Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abzug einer Flüssigkeit aus einem Becken |
FR3024726B1 (fr) | 2014-08-08 | 2023-05-05 | Degremont | Procede batch sequence pour reduire la teneur en azote dans les eaux residuaires |
AT517129B1 (de) | 2015-04-23 | 2017-09-15 | Bernhard Wett Dr | Verfahren zum abzug von wasser aus einem becken |
-
2020
- 2020-10-02 FR FR2010111A patent/FR3114809A1/fr active Pending
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2021
- 2021-10-01 CN CN202180074863.1A patent/CN116981644A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-01 US US18/029,070 patent/US20230365448A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-01 IL IL301772A patent/IL301772A/en unknown
- 2021-10-01 WO PCT/EP2021/077179 patent/WO2022069745A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-10-01 JP JP2023520116A patent/JP2023543901A/ja active Pending
- 2021-10-01 KR KR1020237014435A patent/KR20230088733A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2021-10-01 MX MX2023003748A patent/MX2023003748A/es unknown
- 2021-10-01 EP EP21786475.0A patent/EP4222117A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-10-01 CA CA3194201A patent/CA3194201A1/fr active Pending
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CN116981644A (zh) | 2023-10-31 |
US20230365448A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
KR20230088733A (ko) | 2023-06-20 |
MX2023003748A (es) | 2023-06-22 |
WO2022069745A1 (fr) | 2022-04-07 |
CA3194201A1 (fr) | 2022-04-07 |
JP2023543901A (ja) | 2023-10-18 |
FR3114809A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 |
IL301772A (en) | 2023-05-01 |
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