EP4069718A1 - Souche de champignon ayant une viscosite diminuee - Google Patents
Souche de champignon ayant une viscosite diminueeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4069718A1 EP4069718A1 EP20842255.0A EP20842255A EP4069718A1 EP 4069718 A1 EP4069718 A1 EP 4069718A1 EP 20842255 A EP20842255 A EP 20842255A EP 4069718 A1 EP4069718 A1 EP 4069718A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strain
- fungus
- gene
- gel3
- cellulosic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/37—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
- C12N15/90—Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12N9/2405—Glucanases
- C12N9/2434—Glucanases acting on beta-1,4-glucosidic bonds
- C12N9/2437—Cellulases (3.2.1.4; 3.2.1.74; 3.2.1.91; 3.2.1.150)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
- C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12Y302/01004—Cellulase (3.2.1.4), i.e. endo-1,4-beta-glucanase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
- C12R2001/885—Trichoderma
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a strain of fungus, in particular filamentous, having a reduced viscosity, in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated.
- the invention also relates to the various uses of this strain, as well as the method of genetic modification making it possible to obtain a strain according to the invention.
- filamentous ones such as the fungus Trichoderma reesei
- enzymes for example cellulases
- filamentous fungi are therefore useful in the production sectors of second generation biofuels or even biobased products derived from sugars originating from (ligno) cellulosic biomass.
- patent EP 448 430 B1 describes an optimized industrial production of cellulases by Trichoderma reesei. This production is carried out using a fed-batch protocol (feed without drawing off) using a feed solution containing lactose as inducing sugar for the production of cellulases. This fermentation process comprises two stages: a first stage of growth of the fungus in the presence of an excess of carbon source and a second stage of production of enzymes thanks to the addition of an inducer in the medium with an optimized flow rate. These steps are carried out in a liquid medium in bioreactors with stirring and in the presence of oxygen because the fungus is strictly aerobic. Another example of an optimized process for the production of cellulases is described in patent EP 2 744899 B1.
- Bodie and Pratt envisaged in application PCT / US2012 / 034379 to invalidate the mpgl gene in order to alter the viscosity of a strain of fungus. Additional invalidations have also been considered (among the sfb3, sebl, gas1, crzl or even tps2 genes).
- the present invention is thus based on the unexpected results of the inventors who have demonstrated that the invalidation of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene, in a strain of fungus (belonging in particular to the class of sordariomycetes), made it possible to obtain a strain having a drastically reduced viscosity compared to a parent strain in which said ID78713 (GEL3) gene has not been invalidated.
- the inventors have in fact demonstrated that the invalidation of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene alters the viscosity of said fungi, in particular filamentous fungi.
- the inventors of the present invention are thus the first to have demonstrated that the ID78713 (GEL3) gene could influence the viscosity phenotype of strains of fungi.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene codes for a protein of the 72 family of glycoside hydrolases, in particular a 1, 3 ⁇ -glucanosyltransferase.
- the present invention therefore relates to a strain of fungus in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated.
- the present invention also relates to a method of genetic modification of a strain of fungus according to the invention, comprising a step of invalidating the ID78713 (GEL3) gene.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing mushroom biomass, comprising a step of culturing a strain of fungus according to the invention, in a culture medium comprising a suitable substrate.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the production of proteins of interest, in particular enzymes, comprising a step of culturing a strain of fungus according to the invention, in a culture medium comprising an appropriate substrate.
- the present invention further relates to a process for producing bio-based products from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates, comprising a step of using the strain of fungus according to the invention, to produce cellulolytic enzymes.
- the present invention also relates to a process for producing a biofuel from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates, comprising a step of using the fungus strain according to the invention, to produce cellulolytic enzymes.
- the present invention also relates to various uses of the strain according to the invention, for the production of proteins of interest, for the hydrolysis of cellulose or lignocellulose into glucose, for the production of biobased products from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates, or for the production of biofuel.
- the present invention relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, to improve the properties of a compatible strain, in particular industrial.
- the present invention thus relates to a strain of fungus in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is no longer functional.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is invalidated.
- the present invention thus relates to a variant strain of fungus, in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated. In other words, this means, for example, that in the strain according to the invention the protein corresponding to the gene ID78713 (GEL3) is not produced. Alternatively, the protein corresponding to the ID78713 gene (GEL3) can be produced, but it is not functional.
- the term "variant strain” is understood to mean a strain genetically modified from a parent strain.
- the term "parent strain” is understood to mean a strain from which the variant strain is derived or derived, and in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has not been invalidated.
- the strain according to the invention thus corresponds to a variant strain derived from a parent strain, said variant strain having a reduced viscosity relative to the parent strain and said variant strain comprising at least one genetic modification corresponding to the invalidation of the ID78713 gene. (GEL3).
- the term "functional gene” is understood in particular to mean a gene which makes it possible to produce a functional protein.
- the term "functional protein” is understood in particular to mean a protein which has activity, for example with the protein encoded by the gene ID78713 (GEL3), a glycoside hydrolase activity.
- said strain of fungus has a reduced viscosity compared to a parent strain in which the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has not been invalidated.
- the fungus strain has a viscosity at least 3 times lower compared to the parent strain, more particularly at least 8 or 10 times lower,
- a reduced viscosity compared to the parent strain means that the variant strain has a lower viscosity than that of the parent strain.
- the viscosity of the variant strain according to the invention and that of the parent strain must be compared for the same concentration of fungus in the fermentation must.
- the viscosity is preferably measured by the method described in Example 2, also described in the publication Hardy et al., Rheology, Vol. 27, 43-48 (2015), or using the following parameters (for example referred to as Test A):
- the mobile (rotor) used is a propeller with a diameter of 38 mm, a height of 32 mm, a pitch of 29 mm and with a strip 8 mm wide; - a bucket (stator) with an internal diameter of 45 mm;
- the viscosity according to the invention is measured using an AR2000 rheometer from TA Instruments, in particular by a logarithmic sweep with a shear rate of between 4 and 100 s 1 at a temperature of 27 ° C, even more preferably using a sweep carried out in a round trip (from 4 s 1 to 100 s 1 then from 100 s 1 to 4 s 1 ).
- the strain according to the invention has a viscosity of about 1.5 Pa.s, as measured at 27 ° C, using an AR2000 rheometer from TA Instruments by logarithmic scanning at a rate of shears of 5 s 1 , when the fungus concentration is approximately 35 g / L.
- the "fungus concentration” means the concentration in the medium in which the viscosity is measured. Typically the medium corresponds to a fermentation must. According to the invention, the term “approximately” means that the values should not be understood as strict values. Thus, “approximately 1.5 Pa.s” means values between 1.45 Pa.s to 1.55 Pa.s, and “approximately 35 g / L” means values between 34.5 g / L to 35.5 g / L .
- the strain according to the invention has a viscosity reduced by at least 50% relative to a parent strain.
- the term “at least 50%” means all the values between 50% and 100%, in particular the values of 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62 %, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95% , 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% and 100%.
- the strain according to the invention has a viscosity reduced by at least 65% relative to a parent strain.
- a percentage decrease can for example be calculated according to the following formula: ((final value - initial value) / initial value) * 100.
- the GEL3 gene (also named ID 78713 in the reference genome of Trichoderma reesei, see htfps: //www.uniprot.ora/uniprot/G0RL27) codes for a protein which belongs to the 72 family of glycoside hydrolases. These enzymes are, for example, b-1, 3-glucanosyltransglycosylases which are involved in the biogenesis of the cell wall in fungi. According to the invention the term ID 78713 is preferred over the term GEL3.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, but can also correspond to a variant of this gene or to an orthologous gene.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is only represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.
- "a gene variant or an orthologous gene” means a gene which also codes for a protein which belongs to the family 72 of glycoside hydrolases.
- the variant of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene or a gene ortholog of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is typically represented by a sequence having at least 80% identity with the gene of SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the variant of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene or a gene ortholog of gene ID78713 (GEL3) thus corresponds to a gene derived from the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2. More particularly, the variant of gene ID78713 (GEL3) or a gene ortholog of gene ID78713 (GEL3) is represented with a sequence having at least 90% identity with the gene of SEQ ID NO: 2, in particular at least 95%, preferably at least 98% or 99%.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, and the protein encoded by the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the variant of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene or a gene ortholog of gene ID78713 (GEL3) codes either for the protein of SEQ ID NO: 3, or for a sequence having at least 80% identity with said SEQ ID NO: 3, in particular at least 90%, more particularly at least 95%, 98% or 99%.
- the term "at least 80%” means all the values between 80% and 100%, in particular the values of 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86 %, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% and 100%.
- the percentage identity of a given sequence with respect to SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3 means the percentage identity over the total length of the sequences. The percentage thus corresponds to the number of identical nucleotides / residues between this given sequence and SEQ ID NO: 2 or 3 divided by the number of nucleotides or residues in the longer of the two sequences.
- the invalidated gene ID78713 corresponds to a gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or to a gene having at least 80% identity with the gene of SEQ ID NO: 2, in particular at least 90% and more particularly at least 95%.
- the invalidated gene ID78713 corresponds to a gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the strain according to the invention thus comprises a deletion of the gene encoding the protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated by mutagenesis or by homologous recombination.
- invalidation consists of a deletion of all or part of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene.
- the ID78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated using an invalidation cassette.
- said invalidation cassette is represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, and is used in particular in a fungus belonging to the species Trichoderma reesei.
- Mutagenesis is a technique commonly used in genetic engineering. It aims to voluntarily introduce mutations into DNA in order to create genes genetically modified. According to the invention, mutagenesis is more particularly understood as site-directed mutagenesis. Site-directed mutagenesis makes it possible to introduce identified mutations into a specific gene. To do this, the DNA of interest (here the ID78713 (GEL3) gene) containing the mutations is synthesized and then introduced into the cell to be mutated, typically using a vector, where the repair mechanism of the DNA takes care of integrating it into the genome.
- GEL3 the DNA of interest
- Homologous recombination is a technique commonly used in genetic engineering which involves an exchange between DNA molecules, typically using a vector.
- vector is understood to mean any DNA sequence into which it is possible to insert fragments of foreign nucleic acid, the vectors allowing the introduction of foreign DNA into a host cell.
- vectors are plasmids, cosmids, artificial yeast chromosomes (YAC), artificial bacterial chromosomes (BAC) and artificial chromosomes derived from bacteriophage P1 (PAC), vectors derived from viruses.
- YAC yeast chromosome
- BAC artificial bacterial chromosomes
- PAC bacteriophage P1
- the vector according to the invention allows the introduction of a mutation or a deletion.
- said invalidation cassette comprises three DNA fragments:
- the "target gene” is understood to mean the ID78713 (GEL3) gene.
- the regions upstream and downstream of the target gene are two recombinant elements, one at each end of the gene, and are necessary to precisely target the sequence to be invalidated.
- the region upstream of the target gene (that is to say the sequence 5 ′ upstream of the gene ID78713 (GEL3)) is in particular represented by the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10.
- the region downstream of the target gene (that is to say the sequence 3 ′ downstream of the gene ID78713 (GEL3)) is in particular represented by the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.
- selection marker is understood to mean a gene whose expression confers on the cells which contain it a characteristic allowing them to be selected.
- the use of a selection marker makes it possible to identify cells that have integrated a genetic modification compared to those that have not. This is, for example, a gene for resistance to antibiotics, in particular the gene for resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin hph, as represented by SEQ ID NO: 11.
- the invalidation cassette preferably consists of a resistance gene placed under the control of a promoter and of a terminator, with upstream and downstream the 5 ′ flanking regions. and 3 'of the ID78713 gene (GEL3).
- the invalidation cassette consists of a gene from resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin hph placed under the control of the GPDa promoter and of the TRPc terminator (Punt and van den Hondel, 1992) with upstream and downstream the 5 'and 3' flanking regions of the ID78713 gene (GEL3).
- said invalidation cassette may be operationally linked to a promoter, a terminator or any other sequence necessary for its expression in a host cell.
- the invalidation cassette can be amplified according to conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art, typically by a method chosen from conventional cloning, PCR fusion, or even in vivo cloning by PCR.
- this invalidation cassette is amplified by PCR, in particular using the sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 and SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the invalidation cassette is then introduced by recombination into a strain, in particular of Trichoderma reesei, which does not express a selection marker gene. Those skilled in the art can easily identify the selection marker genes relevant for the implementation of the invention.
- the variant / mutant strains having incorporated the invalidation cassette are selected according to the expression or not of the selection marker; the clones which have been transformed expressing said selection marker.
- the mutant strains are identified using the primers of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8 and SEQ ID NO: 9. These genetic recombination techniques are well known to man. of career.
- the fungus is a filamentous fungus.
- the filamentous fungus is chosen from the classes of orbiliomycetes, pezizomycetes, dothideomycetes, eurotiomycetes, lecanoromycetes, leotiomycetes, sordariomycetes and saccharomycetes.
- the filamentous fungus according to the invention belongs to the class of sordariomycetes, in particular to the genus Trichoderma, and more particularly to the species Trichoderma reesei.
- the parent strain of Trichoderma reesei can be the strain QM6a (deposited under the number ATCC 13631), or a strain resulting from the natural isolate QM6a (obtained in particular by random or directed mutagenesis), such as the Rut-C30 strain (deposited under the number ATCC 56765), the strain deposited under the number CNCM 1-5221 (deposited on August 3, 2017 with the CNCM, National Collection of Cultures of Microorganisms from the Institut Pasteur, located 25 rue du Do Budapest Roux, F-75724 Paris cedex 15), the strain NG14 (deposited under the number ATCC 56767) or the strain QM9414 (deposited under the number ATCC 26921).
- the strains according to the invention exhibit a low viscosity phenotype while retaining their ability to produce proteins of interest.
- the invention also relates to a method of genetic modification of a strain of fungus according to the invention, as mentioned above, comprising a step of invalidating the ID78713 (GEL3) gene.
- the modification process The genetics of a strain according to the invention thus make it possible to obtain fungus strains that are less viscous compared with the parent fungus strain. This is why the strain according to the invention can be considered as a variant of the parent fungus strain.
- the fungus strain according to the invention generates a lower viscosity compared to the parent strain for a given shear rate, at the same biomass concentration, and at the same temperature.
- the step of invalidating the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is carried out using a step of mutagenesis or homologous recombination.
- the step of invalidating the ID78713 (GEL3) gene is carried out using an invalidation cassette as mentioned above, in particular represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, in a fungus belonging to the species Trichoderma reesei.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing mushroom biomass, comprising a step of culturing a strain of fungus according to the invention, in a culture medium comprising a suitable substrate. This step thus allows the growth of the fungus strain according to the invention.
- suitable substrates for the growth of fungus strains are familiar with suitable substrates for the growth of fungus strains.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing proteins of interest, in particular enzymes, comprising a step of culturing a strain of fungus according to the invention, in a culture medium comprising a suitable substrate.
- the invention thus relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, for the production of proteins of interest.
- said method thus comprises a phase of growth of a strain of fungus according to the invention, then a phase of growth and production of proteins of interest by said strain.
- said growth phase is carried out in the presence of a growth substrate and said phase of growth and production of proteins of interest is carried out in the presence of an inducing substrate.
- the growth substrate and the inducing substrate are preferably carbonaceous substrates.
- the carbonaceous growth substrate is preferably chosen from lactose, glucose, xylose, the residues obtained after ethanolic fermentation of the monomeric sugars of the enzymatic hydrolysates of cellulosic biomass, and / or a crude extract of water-soluble pentoses from of the pretreatment of a cellulosic biomass.
- the inducing carbonaceous substrate is thus preferably chosen from lactose, cellobiose, sophorose, the residues obtained after ethanolic fermentation of the monomeric sugars of the enzymatic hydrolysates of cellulosic biomass, and / or a crude extract of water-soluble pentoses originating from the pretreatment. cellulosic biomass.
- the proteins of interest are all the proteins which can be produced by a fungus, naturally or else by genetic modification (for example after transformation using an appropriate vector).
- the proteins of interest according to the invention are enzymes, in particular cellulolytic enzymes such as cellulases or hemicellulases.
- the enzymes are cellulases.
- the term “cellulases” is understood more particularly to mean enzymes chosen from endoglucanases, exoglucanases and glucosidases, and more particularly ⁇ -glucosidase.
- the term “cellulase” more particularly refers to an enzyme suitable for the hydrolysis of cellulose and allowing microorganisms (such as Trichoderma reesel) which produce them to use cellulose as a source of carbon, by hydrolyzing this polymer into simple sugars. (glucose).
- cellulases by a strain according to the invention in particular Trichoderma reesei, can be determined by any techniques customary for a person skilled in the art, or alternatively by the techniques described in patents EP 448 430 B1 or EP 2 744 899 B1.
- a correlation between total secreted proteins and cellulases can be made because in T. reesei, the main exoglucanases (CBHI, CBHII) and endoglucanases (EGI, EGII) can represent up to 90% of the total amount of secreted proteins.
- CBHI, CBHII main exoglucanases
- EGI, EGII endoglucanases
- the present invention also relates to a process for producing bio-based products from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates, comprising a step of using the strain of fungus according to the invention, to produce cellulolytic enzymes.
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, for the production of bio-based products from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates.
- the present invention relates to a method of producing a biofuel from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates, comprising a step of using the strain of fungus according to the invention to produce cellulolytic enzymes.
- the invention thus relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, for the production of biofuel from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates.
- biofuel more particularly means a second generation biofuel, that is to say derived from non-food resources.
- biofuel can also be defined as being any product resulting from the transformation of biomass and which can be used for energy purposes.
- biogas products which can be incorporated (possibly after subsequent transformation) into a fuel or be a fuel in its own right, such as alcohols (ethanol, butanol and / or isopropanol depending on the type of fermentation organism used), solvents (acetone), acids (butyric), lipids and their derivatives (fatty acids with short or long chains, fatty acid esters), as well as hydrogen.
- the biofuel according to the invention is an alcohol, for example ethanol, butanol and / or isopropanol. More preferably, the biofuel according to the invention is ethanol. In another embodiment, the biofuel is biogas. In another embodiment, the product is a molecule of interest to the chemical industry, such as, for example, another alcohol such as 1, 2-propane diol, 1, 3-propane diol, 1, 4-butane diol. , 2,3-butanediol, organic acids such as acetic, propionic, acrylic, butyric, succinic, malic, fumaric, citric, itaconic, or hydroxy acids such as glycolic, hydroxypropionic, or lactic acid.
- another alcohol such as 1, 2-propane diol, 1, 3-propane diol, 1, 4-butane diol.
- 2,3-butanediol organic acids such as acetic, propionic, acrylic, butyric, succinic, malic, fuma
- the method of producing a biofuel from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates comprises: i) a step of pretreating a cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate in order to obtain a pretreated substrate , ii) a step of using the strain according to the invention to produce cellulolytic enzymes, iii) a step of enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated substrate obtained in step i), in the presence of the cellulolytic enzymes obtained in step ii), in order to obtain a hydrolyzate, iv) a stage of alcoholic fermentation of the hydrolyzate obtained, v) a stage of separation, in particular by distillation.
- the process for producing a biofuel from cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates comprises: i) a step of pretreating a cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate in order to obtain a pretreated substrate, ii) a step of using the strain according to the invention to produce cellulolytic enzymes, iii) a step of enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated substrate obtained in step i), in the presence of the cellulolytic enzymes obtained in l step ii), in order to obtain a hydrolyzate, iv) a step of alcoholic fermentation of the hydrolyzate obtained, v) a step of separation, in particular by distillation, said steps iii) and iv) being carried out simultaneously.
- SSF Simullaneous Saccharification and Fermentation
- the step of pretreating a cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate is a step of suspending said cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate in the aqueous phase.
- the hydrolyzate obtained in step iii) is a hydrolyzate containing glucose.
- the alcoholic fermentation step of the hydrolyzate obtained is a fermentation step, in the presence of a fermenting organism, of the glucose obtained from the hydrolyzate so as to produce a fermentation must .
- a fermentation organism is, for example, a yeast.
- the separation step is a separation of the biofuel and the fermentation must, in particular by distillation.
- the cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate to be hydrolyzed is suspended in the aqueous phase at a rate of 6 to 40% of dry matter, preferably 20 to 30%.
- the pH is adjusted between 4 and 5.5, preferably between 4.8 and 5.2 and the temperature between 40 ° C and 60 ° C, preferably between 45 ° C and 50 ° C.
- the hydrolysis reaction is started by adding enzymes which act on the pretreated substrate.
- the usual amount of enzymes used is 10 to 30 mg of protein excreted per gram of pretreated substrate or less.
- the reaction generally lasts 15 to 48 hours.
- the reaction is followed by assaying the sugars released, in particular glucose.
- the sugar solution is separated from the non-hydrolyzed solid fraction, essentially consisting of lignin, by filtration or centrifugation and then treated in a fermentation unit.
- the enzymes and the fermenting organism are added simultaneously and then incubated at a temperature between 30 ° C and 35 °. C to produce fermentation must.
- the cellulose present in the pre-treated substrate is converted into glucose, and at the same time, in the same reactor, the fermentation organism (for example a yeast) converts the glucose into the final product according to a process of SSF (Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation) known to those skilled in the art.
- SSF Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation
- the smooth running of the operation may require the addition of a greater or lesser quantity of exogenous cellulolytic mixture.
- the invention also relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, for the hydrolysis of cellulose or lignocellulose to glucose.
- the invention also relates to the use of a strain of fungus according to the invention, to improve the properties of a compatible strain, in particular industrial.
- FIG. 1 represents the apparent viscosities measured at a shear of 5 s 1 for different strains cultivated in shaken flasks
- FIG. 2 represents the apparent viscosities measured at a shear of 5s 1 for different strains cultivated in a bioreactor (RutC30 and TR3126 -LGEL3)
- FIG. 3 represents the apparent viscosities measured at a shear of 5s 1 for different strains cultivated in a bioreactor (CL847 and CL847-AGEZ.3)
- Example 1a Invalidation of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene in a hyperproductive strain
- the invalidation cassette for ID78713 (GEL3) consists of the gene for resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin hph placed under the control of the GPDa promoter and the TRPc terminator (Punt and van den Hondel, 1992) with upstream and in downstream the 5 'and 3' flanking regions of the ID78713 gene (GEL3). This sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the DNA cassette has been synthesized and the cassette is inserted into a plasmid pEX-A (available, for example, from Addgene). After amplification and extraction of the plasmid, the invalidation cassette was amplified by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using the primers p61 and p62 (see Table 2 below).
- Example 1b Invalidation of the ID78713 (GEL3) gene in a hyperproductive strain
- a second strain was tested: it is the strain CL847 (Durand H et al.).
- the transformation of the CL847 strain was carried out by the protoplast method (Penttilà M et al., Doi: 10.1016 / 0378-1119 (87) 90110-7).
- Example 1a integration at the locus of the invalidation cassette was verified.
- the strains invalidated for the ID78713 (GEL3) gene thus obtained are called CL847-AGEZ_3.
- the mobile (rotor) used is a wide stainless steel propeller with a diameter of 38 mm, a height of 32 mm, a pitch of 29 mm and with a ribbon of 8 mm wide.
- This propeller is used with a bucket (stator) of 45 mm internal diameter and a vertical space between the rotor and the stator of 500 ⁇ m.
- the propeller is assimilated to a Couette cylinder with a radius of 14 mm.
- the cup is filled with 70mL of a fermentation wort taken from a reactor (stirred flask, for example as indicated in Example 3, or bioreactor).
- the viscosity measurements are carried out by a logarithmic sweep of shear rate between 4 s 1 and 100 s 1 , at a temperature of 27 ° C. This range corresponds to the average shear rate expected on an industrial scale.
- the scan is performed in a round trip (from 4 s 1 to 100 s 1 then from 100 s 1 to 4 s -1 ).
- the rheology measurements were carried out in duplicate.
- the cultures in shaken flasks are carried out in Fernbach flasks 19 cm in diameter, containing 400 ml of culture medium, inoculated with spores of different strains from cryotubes, and incubated at 150 rpm and 30 ° C in an Infors Multitron incubator.
- the culture medium has the following final composition:
- the pH of the culture medium is adjusted to 6.0 with 30% sodium hydroxide.
- the components are sterilized for 20 minutes at 121 ° C (the glucose is sterilized separately from the other compounds).
- Example 4 comparison of viscosities in shaken flask cultures
- the two strains tested are:
- Example 5 Culture protocol in a bioreactor
- the cultures in bioreactors are carried out in fermenters 16 cm in diameter, containing 2 L of culture medium, inoculated at 10% v / v from a preculture produced according to the protocol described in Example 3
- the stirring is carried out by a Rayneri 8cm turbine. diameter, at a fixed speed of 1000 rpm.
- the temperature is controlled at 27 ° C, and the pH is controlled at 4.8 by automatic addition of a 5N ammonia solution.
- the culture medium has the following final composition:
- the compounds are sterilized for 20 minutes at 121 ° C (the glucose is sterilized separately from the other compounds)
- Example 6 Comparison of the viscosities in cultures in a bioreactor
- Example 7 Comparison of the viscosities of two other strains in cultures in a bioreactor
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FR1913766A FR3104169B1 (fr) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Souche de champignon ayant une viscosite diminuee |
PCT/FR2020/052282 WO2021111090A1 (fr) | 2019-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Souche de champignon ayant une viscosite diminuee |
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EP (1) | EP4069718A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN114746435A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112022010772A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3159388A1 (fr) |
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FR2659664B1 (fr) | 1990-03-19 | 1994-08-05 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Composition d'enzymes adaptee a l'hydrolyse des polysaccharides d'un substrat lignocellulosique, sa preparation et son utilisation. |
DK2699667T3 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2016-08-01 | Danisco Us Inc | Filamentous fungi with an altered VISCOSITETSFÆNOTYPE |
AU2012245322A1 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2013-08-22 | Danisco Us Inc. | Filamentous fungi having an altered viscosity phenotype |
FR2979111B1 (fr) | 2011-08-19 | 2015-05-01 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de production de cellulases par un champignon filamenteux adapte a un fermenteur ayant un faible coefficient de transfert volumetrique d'oxygene kla |
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CN114746435A (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
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BR112022010772A2 (pt) | 2022-08-23 |
US20230025155A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
WO2021111090A1 (fr) | 2021-06-10 |
FR3104169B1 (fr) | 2022-10-21 |
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