EP4010983A1 - Verfahren zur erfassung von schaltzuständen eines leistungsschaltermoduls in einem umrichter - Google Patents
Verfahren zur erfassung von schaltzuständen eines leistungsschaltermoduls in einem umrichterInfo
- Publication number
- EP4010983A1 EP4010983A1 EP20751553.7A EP20751553A EP4010983A1 EP 4010983 A1 EP4010983 A1 EP 4010983A1 EP 20751553 A EP20751553 A EP 20751553A EP 4010983 A1 EP4010983 A1 EP 4010983A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit breaker
- module
- breaker module
- converter
- switching state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/18—Modifications for indicating state of switch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
- G01R31/27—Testing of devices without physical removal from the circuit of which they form part, e.g. compensating for effects surrounding elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting a switching state of at least one circuit breaker module in a converter, the converter having at least one controller for controlling the at least one circuit breaker module.
- the invention relates to a converter with at least one circuit breaker module and a control for the at least one circuit breaker module and a device for generating or converting electrical energy, preferably in the fields of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling with at least one converter.
- Converters are used, for example, to convert a first alternating voltage into a second alternating voltage.
- a converter is also understood to mean an inverter which is used only to convert a direct voltage into an alternating voltage.
- the field of application of converters ranges from motor drives to devices for generating or converting electrical energy, especially in the areas of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling. In some cases, large electrical powers are fed into an electrical network via the converters, for example via wind turbines.
- converters are required which have electrical outputs of up to several MW, e.g. B. lead up to 100 MW in a single device.
- the converters are usually three-phase for this purpose and, in devices for generating or converting electrical energy in the fields of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, usually have an intermediate circuit that serves as an energy buffer.
- One from the generator of a generating device, for example a wind power plant the three-phase alternating voltage generated is, for example, converted into a direct voltage and then again into a three-phase alternating voltage which is, for example, adapted in phase and amplitude to the mains voltage.
- the converters use extremely fast power switches, predominantly insulated gate bipolar transistor (1GBT) power switches, which are usually controlled via a pulse width modulation control (PWM).
- PWM pulse width modulation control
- the PWM activation is in turn controlled by a controller of the converter.
- a circuit breaker module is understood to mean at least one IGBT circuit breaker with at least one optional free-wheeling diode connected in anti-parallel.
- Converters for example, often have two power switch modules per phase in a top-bottom arrangement as a phase module, so that a total of power switch modules are provided for a three-phase converter. At higher powers, however, additional phase modules can be provided per phase, which are connected in parallel.
- the IGBT power switches are therefore protected by primary measures, for example electrical fuses or other secondary measures, for example converter-guided protection devices, which in the event of a fault, for example in the event of a short circuit, protect the IGBT power switch or the Disconnect converters from the mains, for example, and thus protect them from damage.
- the special fuses provided for this have a response time in the range of milliseconds.
- So-called gate driver circuits are used to control IGBT power switches, which switch the IGBT power switch to the conductive or non-conductive switching state by controlling the gate current by applying a gate voltage.
- a so-called intelligent gate driver circuit is known from the international patent application WO 2014/154221 A2.
- the driver circuit disclosed in this document is able to measure the voltage drop across the IGBT circuit breaker, i.e. the collector-emitter voltage, and to draw conclusions from this on technical parameters of the 1GBT circuit breaker, for example on the electrical and thermal load on the circuit breaker .
- a detection of the switching state of a 1GBT circuit breaker, that is, whether the desired switching state is reached or not, is not disclosed. Rather, the aforementioned international patent application aims to draw conclusions about the service life and technical parameters of the circuit breakers. A solution that increases the protection of the IGBT circuit breakers against fault conditions is therefore not provided.
- US patent application US 2011/0298527 A1 also discloses measuring the collector-emitter voltage of the IGBT power switch in order to determine the switching state of the power switch therefrom.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a method for detecting the switching state of at least one circuit breaker module with which a particularly faster and more reliable protection of the at least one circuit breaker module or the converter can be provided in the event of malfunctions.
- the invention has the task of specifying a converter with an improved protection concept and a device for generating or converting electrical energy with an improved converter.
- the above object is achieved for a method for detecting a switching state of at least one circuit breaker module in a converter in that at least one circuit breaker module is switched to the non-conductive switching state, in which the switching state of the at least one IGBT circuit breaker of the at least one circuit breaker module is in the non-conductive state is brought and the switching state of the circuit breaker module is evaluated in the non-conductive state, a switching state signal is generated depending on the detection of a fault current in the non-conductive switching state of the circuit breaker module, which is used to control the converter.
- the power module is blocked in the reverse direction of the free-wheeling diode in the non-conductive switching state, ie the 1GBT circuit breaker blocks in both current directions, the optional free-wheeling diode only blocks in its reverse current direction. Nevertheless, a current can flow in the freewheeling direction via the diode.
- This state of the circuit breaker module is called the non-conductive switching state.
- the “non-conductive”, blocked switching state of the IGBT circuit breaker is not reached and at the same time faulty blocking properties of the freewheeling diode or the corresponding freewheeling property of the IGBT circuit breaker is detected.
- the switching status signal derived therefrom can be effectively used by the control of the converter in the event of a fault to avoid further switching operations.
- the converter and all others Components are thus protected particularly quickly and effectively against damage due to faults in the circuit breaker modules.
- the detection of the switching state according to the invention can preferably be carried out on only one or on a plurality of circuit breaker modules of a converter.
- the power switch (s) of a brake chopper in the converter which is used to limit overvoltages in the intermediate circuit, can also be detected with the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention is independent of the topology and the power of the converter and of the voltage range in which the converter is to be used. However, converters with high switching capacities of at least 200 kW are preferred.
- the switching status signal can be forwarded for use, for example, to the control of the converter and enable the control of the converter to protect the at least one IGBT circuit breaker by disconnecting it in the event of an unexpected switching status signal, for example if the switching status signal indicates a faulty switching status switch off the converter completely. Due to the very fast controls nowadays, this can be done within a few microseconds, so that an effective protection of the circuit breaker modules is achieved.
- the method for detecting the switching state of at least one circuit breaker module is particularly preferably carried out in a converter, which is used in the power path of a device for generating or converting electrical energy, preferably in the fields of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, for example a wind turbine .
- a converter which is used in the power path of a device for generating or converting electrical energy, preferably in the fields of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, for example a wind turbine .
- These circuit breaker modules have to switch particularly high currents and can cause major damage in the converter if the switching states are faulty.
- the switching capacities are, for example, at least 200 kW.
- the next switching operation of at least one further circuit breaker module of the converter or the entire converter is enabled or disabled.
- the next switching operation of the converter or a further circuit breaker module can be prevented, so that damage in the converter can be avoided particularly effectively by the method according to the invention for detecting the switching state in the event of a fault.
- a voltage or current source is preferably connected to the main current path via a decoupling module, via which a voltage is applied in the reverse direction of the circuit breaker module in the non-conductive state in order to cause a fault current in the event of a fault.
- the decoupling module for example a correspondingly switched diode, has the result that the voltage or current source is protected from the high voltages and current flows in the main current path of the circuit breaker module and can be made available correspondingly inexpensively.
- this structure can ensure that the fault current to be detected is always caused under the same conditions, so that power modules of the same construction can be easily compared, for example.
- the main current path of the power module denotes the current path between the collector and emitter of the IGBT circuit breaker and, if applicable, the parallel current path between anode and cathode of the optional freewheeling diode.
- at least one capacitor is connected in parallel via the decoupling module to the main current path of the at least one circuit breaker module, the charging of the capacitor to a voltage value below a predetermined voltage level indicating the presence of a fault current.
- the non-conductive switching state cannot be achieved due to a fault in the IGBT power switch itself or due to an inadequate blocking effect of the optional, at least one free-wheeling diode, a fault current flows which reduces the voltage on the capacitor or does not allow it to pass higher voltage is charged.
- the capacitor voltage thus allows a possibly low fault current to be detected in a simple manner without having to measure it directly. This results in a high signal-to-noise ratio for differentiating the fault current case from the proper operation of the circuit breaker module.
- the at least one capacitor is preferably charged into the non-conductive state using a voltage or current source after the state change of the circuit breaker module, so that in the non-conductive switching state of the circuit breaker module, reaching the desired "non-conductive" switching state can be detected directly and quickly can.
- means are provided for short-circuiting or at least partially discharging the at least one capacitor, so that the at least one capacitor is at least partially discharged before charging in the non-conductive switching state.
- the capacitor is discharged in the “non-conductive” switching state of the power module immediately before the capacitor is charged, so that the switching state of the power module is always recorded under the same conditions.
- the fault current caused by the voltage or current source is measured, for example using a shunt resistor.
- This alternative embodiment is particularly simple and allows the fault current to be recorded quantitatively. However, the effort required to achieve a good signal-to-noise ratio is greater.
- the values of the switching state signal are preferably generated depending on the level of the measured values of the fault current in the non-conductive state of the at least one circuit breaker module, so that the switching state signal allows a quantitative analysis.
- the switching status signal can then be used for further evaluations, for example.
- the gate-emitter voltage of at least one IGBT power switch of at least one power switch module is additionally measured and the measured value is used to generate a gate state signal of the at least one power switch module.
- the circuit breaker module is additionally protected with regard to a faulty gate control voltage. By detecting the gate voltage, it can be detected, for example by comparison with the associated control signal of the gate driver circuit, whether the gate voltage corresponds to the desired switching state.
- the method according to the invention can be further improved in that, depending on the switching status signal of the at least one circuit breaker module in the non-conductive switching state, the next switching operation of at least one further circuit breaker module or the entire converter is enabled or disabled, preferably using the converter controller. Damage to the converter or other circuit breaker modules can thus be prevented in advance.
- the converter control is particularly powerful and can send the necessary shutdown or blocking signals to various circuit breaker modules centrally, yet extremely quickly.
- decentralized shutdown or blocking signals at the level of the control or driver of the individual circuit breaker modules to be carried out, which can contribute to an increase in switching speed and greater robustness of the protection.
- the converter has at least one phase module with at least one first and one second power switch module, for which each power switch module generates gate state and switching state signals
- a first error signal for the first power module is generated from the switching status signal and the gate status signal of the second power switch module and the gate status signal of the first power switch module
- a second error signal for the second power switch module is generated from the switching status signal and the gate status signal of the first power switch module and the gate status signal of the second power switch module is produced.
- the above-mentioned object is also achieved for a converter with at least one circuit breaker module and a controller for controlling the at least one circuit breaker module for performing a detection of the switching state of the at least one circuit breaker module in that means for generating a fault current in the circuit breaker module in the form of a voltage or Power source and means for generating a switching status signal are provided, the means for generating the switching status signal being able to generate a switching status signal depending on the detection of a fault current in the non-conductive switching status of the at least one circuit breaker module and the control of the converter is designed to generate the switching status signal for controlling the Inverter to be used.
- the converters according to the invention can be particularly safe for damage in the event of faulty switching states of circuit breaker modules avoid and react very quickly to faulty switching states.
- the means for generating a fault current in the at least one circuit breaker module have a voltage or current source. Voltage or current sources can easily enable a direct measurement of the blocking properties of a power switch module, whereby not only the IGBT power switch, but also an optionally provided free-wheeling diode is included in the test.
- the means for generating a fault current in the circuit breaker module have at least one capacitor connected in parallel to the main current path of the circuit breaker module via a decoupling module and means for measuring the capacitor voltage.
- the measurement of the capacitor voltage can provide a switching state signal that is safe and easy to detect and that can reliably indicate that the non-conductive switching state has been reached.
- the capacitor voltage provides a good signal-to-noise ratio for the detection of a fault current in the main current path and can thus provide a very reliable determination of the reaching of the "non-conductive" switching state of the circuit breaker module with simple means.
- the means for generating a fault current in the circuit breaker module have means for current measurement, preferably using a shunt resistor.
- this embodiment basically has a poorer signal-to-noise ratio than the alternative embodiment with a capacitor connected in parallel in the main current path of the power module, but it allows a quantitative assessment of a fault current and is particularly simple.
- additional means for measuring the gate-emitter voltage of at least one IGBT power switch of the at least one Power switch module and means for generating a gate state signal depending on the measured gate-emitter voltage of the at least one power switch module are provided, in addition to the switching state in the non-conductive switching state, the control of the IGBT power switch can also be detected.
- the means for generating a switching state signal of the at least one circuit breaker module are designed to evaluate a gate control signal of the at least one IGBT circuit breaker for generating the switching state signal. What is achieved thereby is that a switching state detection synchronous with the control of the IGBT circuit breaker can take place in the non-conductive switching state of the circuit breaker module in a particularly simple manner.
- the converter has at least one phase module with at least one first and one second circuit breaker module in a top-bottom arrangement.
- a top-bottom arrangement of the circuit breaker modules is understood to mean a switching arrangement of two circuit breaker modules in which the alternating current phase generated is dissipated between the circuit breaker modules connected in series. The respective other collectors and emitters of the circuit breaker modules are connected to the respective opposite intermediate circuit potential.
- a device for generating electrical energy preferably in the fields of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, particularly preferably by a wind turbine with a converter according to the invention, which preferably uses a method according to the invention for detecting the switching states of the circuit breaker modules use.
- the rapid detection of faulty switching states means that damage to the converter and thus also to the entire device for generating or converting electrical energy due to the failure of an IGBT power switch, for example, can be minimized and virtually prevented.
- the converter of a device for generating or converting electrical energy preferably in the areas of wind, solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, can be switched off before the next switching process. This high level of safety is particularly important in converters that are intended for high power outputs, since the costs of replacing high-performance components are high here.
- the devices according to the invention having a converter according to the invention are therefore preferably used for generating and converting electrical energy in a wind energy installation, for example for feeding electrical energy into an electrical network.
- Other applications in addition to photovoltaic systems are the connection of electrical storage in the form of batteries or accumulators to an electrical network to provide storage for electrical energy, the feeding of electrical energy into a network that was generated by biomass.
- the corresponding devices can also have converters according to the invention in the case of energy conversion for sector coupling, for example “power-to-gas” or “power-to-heat”.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a phase module of a
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment for detecting a fault current with a capacitor connected in parallel
- 3 shows a block diagram of a further exemplary embodiment for detecting a fault current via a direct current measurement
- FIG. 1 shows a phase module 1 of a converter according to the invention with a two-point topology, which has two circuit breaker modules 2, 3 in a top-bottom arrangement.
- the circuit breaker modules 2, 3 are controlled via a driver circuit 4, which includes means 5, 6 for generating a switching state signal 5a, 6a for the respective circuit breaker module 2, 3.
- means for generating a fault current are provided in the circuit breaker module, which are not shown in detail in FIG. 1.
- the means 5, 6 for generating the switching status signal generate, depending on the detection of a fault current in the non-conductive switching status of the at least one circuit breaker module 2, 3, a switching status signal which is used by the controller 17 of the converter.
- an error signal 7a, 8a is generated for each circuit breaker module 2, 3 from the switching status signal 5a, 6a.
- the means for generating a fault current are integrated in the means for generating a switching status signal 5, 6.
- the means 5, 6 for generating the switching state signal are in turn part of the driver circuit 4, which also has the gate driver circuit 13, 14. It is conceivable that the means for generating the switching state signal 5, 6 of the respective Circuit breaker module 2, 3 and the means of generating a fault current can be implemented as external circuits. In the present exemplary embodiment, the means for generating the switching state signal 5, 6 generate the switching state signal 5a, 6a depending on the detection of a fault current of the respective circuit breaker module 2, 3 in the non-conductive switching state of the respective circuit breaker module 2, 3.
- means 5c, 6c for measuring the gate-emitter voltage of at least one power switch module 2, 3 are provided, which generate a gate state signal 5d, 6d depending on the measured gate-emitter voltage of the at least one power switch module.
- the gate driver circuits 13, 14, like the means for generating the switching state signal, are supplied with the control signal for switching the IGBT circuit breaker of the circuit breaker module 2, 3 on and off so that the switching states can be easily determined when the switching state is switched off.
- the switching signal 5b preferably comes directly from a PWM control which is integrated in the controller 17 of the converter.
- the switching state signal 5a, 6a generated by the means for generating the switching state signal 5, 6 is first galvanically isolated from the means for generating the switching state signal 5, 6 in the present exemplary embodiment.
- means for galvanic separation 9, 9a, 9b, 10, 11, 11a, 11b and 12 are provided.
- the galvanically isolated switching status signal 5a, 6a is compared in an "And" gate with the gate status signal 5d, 6d of the respective opposing power switch module 2, 3 and a further signal, the further signal only being applied if the gate status signals of both power switch modules 2, 3 are different.
- the circuit breaker module 2 is in the non-conductive switching state and the circuit breaker module 3 is, for example, in the conductive switching state.
- the AND gates 7, 8 do not deliver an error signal. As soon as the non-conductive switching state is not in a circuit breaker module 2, 3 is properly achieved and an error current can be detected, an error signal is passed on to the controller 17 via the And gates 7 and 8.
- the controller 17 preferably immediately stops the operation of the converter when an error signal 7a, 8a is present. This can prevent damage from continuing to operate the converter with defective circuit breakers.
- one IGBT circuit breaker 2, 3 always changes to the non-conductive switching state with opposing IGBT circuit breakers 2, 3, a high level of security against malfunctions can be achieved by the inventive detection of this switching state in each switching cycle. Since, according to the invention, the detection of a fault current also detects errors in the blocking effect of the freewheeling diodes, the security against malfunction of the entire circuit breaker module is improved.
- phase module 1 shows only a phase module which connects the DC voltage intermediate circuit with the voltages + UZK and -UZK with a phase of an alternating voltage to be generated. It is therefore easy to imagine that at least three of these phase modules 1 can be used for typical three-phase converters.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the means for generating a fault current in the at least one circuit breaker module, which means have a voltage or current source 21, 24.
- the voltage or current source 21, 24 is decoupled from the main current path of the circuit breaker module 2, 3 via a decoupling module 21 a, 24 a in the form of a diode.
- the means for generating a fault current in the circuit breaker module have at least one capacitor 22, 25 connected in parallel to the main current path of the circuit breaker module and means for measuring the capacitor voltage 23, 26.
- the Voltage source 21, 24 applied a voltage in the reverse direction of the freewheeling diodes 2b, 3b.
- the capacitor 22, 25 is charged and a capacitor voltage at least equal to the reference voltage, which is specified by the Zener diode 23a, 26a, can be detected.
- the comparator 23, 26 then generates a switching state signal 5a, 6a, which indicates a proper switching state.
- a fault current IF flows because the main current path is then low-resistance.
- the capacitor 22, 25 is only charged to a lower voltage than in the fault-free switching state.
- the comparator 23, 26 compares the voltage across the capacitor against the reference voltage, which in the event of a fault is greater than the voltage across the capacitor.
- the switching state signal 5a, 6a which indicates an incorrect switching state, is generated by the comparator 23, 26.
- the capacitor 22, 25 In order to charge the capacitor 22, 25 in the non-conductive state of the respective circuit breaker module 2, 3, the capacitor 22, 25 is first short-circuited and at least partially discharged via the switch 27, 28 in each case before the non-conductive switching state is determined.
- the switching signal of the controller 17 from FIG. 1 can be used in a simple manner for the synchronous closing of the switch. The switching status signal is then generated.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 not only has a particularly simple and robust structure, but is also characterized by a high signal-to-noise ratio with regard to the determination of faulty switching states of the circuit breaker modules in the non-conductive switching state.
- the determination of the switching states in the non-conductive switching state of the power module is therefore successful particularly safe despite strong electrical and magnetic fields due to the extremely fast switching of high currents in the converter.
- FIG. 3 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment to FIG. 2, in which a voltage or current source 31, 32 in the non-conductive switching state of the device connected to the main current path via a decoupling module 31a, 32a
- Circuit breaker module 2, 3 a voltage is applied to the collector.
- the fault current via the voltage drop across the shunt resistor 33, 34 is measured directly via a shunt resistor 33, 34 via an operational amplifier 35, 36.
- the fault current can also be included quantitatively in the generation of the switching state signal 5a, 6a.
- such a switching state signal 5a, 6a could be used for further evaluations.
- FIG. 4 and 5 show exemplary embodiments of wind turbines with converters 40, 50 according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a double-fed asynchronous machine 42, the rotor of which is connected to the electrical network 41 via a three-phase converter 40 according to the invention with an intermediate circuit.
- FIG. 5 a three-phase machine 52 is shown, the entire power of which is output to a network 51 via the converter 50 according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention enables extremely rapid state detection of the switching states of the circuit breaker modules in the converters 40, 50 of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 4 and 5 with the converters 40, 50 according to the invention.
- a high level of security against faulty switching states can thereby be achieved, so that, for example, the use of fuses for electrically protecting the circuit breaker modules can be dispensed with in principle.
- converters with different topologies are used, for example, in wind energy installations according to FIGS. 4 and 5, but also in other devices for generating or converting electrical energy.
- Two of these The exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 6 and 7 show topologies in a three-phase structure.
- the power switches of the converter in Fig. 6 are constructed in accordance with the two-point connection in such a way that a phase module la, lb, lc is provided for each phase a, b, c and the phase modules la, lb, lc in a top Bottom arrangement each have two circuit breakers Sil, S12, S13, S14, S15 and S16.
- Sil and S14 are connected in a top-bottom arrangement and can thus generate a phase a of the alternating current or transform it from the direct voltage in the direct voltage intermediate circuit.
- a detection of the switching states of the IGBT circuit breakers used can protect the other IGBT circuit breakers from damage, for example in the event of incorrect behavior of an IGBT circuit breaker in one of the phase modules.
- circuit breaker module in the form of a chopper shown in FIG. 8 is not shown in either FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, but it is regularly used in converters with the topology of FIGS. 6 and 7.
- the detection of the switching state of the power switch module of the chopper or an identically constructed crowbar, not shown, for example for short-circuiting rotor currents in double-fed asynchronous machines offers the advantage of detecting the switching state of these safety elements when the converter is in operation.
- the chopper or the crowbar have at least one circuit breaker module S, the switching state of which is detected using the method according to the invention.
- FIGS. 9 to 13 show further exemplary embodiments of devices for generating or converting electrical energy in the fields of solar, biomass, energy storage and sector coupling, in which a method according to the invention and a converter according to the invention are used.
- the circuit diagrams in FIGS. 9 and 11 have photovoltaic modules 93 or different storage units 104 as energy sources, which are connected to the network via a converter 90, 100.
- Applications of this type can also be up to several MW, e.g. B. deliver up to 100 MW of a single device via the converter 90, 100 to the network 91, 101 or, in the case of the different storage units 104, take it up.
- converters 110 When generating electrical energy from biomass 115, as shown in FIG. 11, converters 110 are generally used which feed the electrical alternating voltage of a generator G into a direct voltage in the intermediate circuit and then again into an alternating voltage in the electrical network 111 12 and 13, either electrical energy 126 (FIG. 12) made available as alternating current or electrical energy 137 made available as direct current are converted into another form of energy 138, in the form of produced, combustible gas, for example hydrogen or in Form of thermal energy, for example converted by operating a heat pump.
- the aforementioned devices for generating or converting electrical energy require converters with high powers, which are particularly advantageously designed according to the invention and can be operated with the method according to the invention.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019121134.4A DE102019121134A1 (de) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Verfahren zur Erfassung von Schaltzuständen eines Leistungsschaltermoduls in einem Umrichter |
PCT/EP2020/072040 WO2021023786A1 (de) | 2019-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Verfahren zur erfassung von schaltzuständen eines leistungsschaltermoduls in einem umrichter |
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EP4010983A1 true EP4010983A1 (de) | 2022-06-15 |
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EP20751553.7A Pending EP4010983A1 (de) | 2019-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Verfahren zur erfassung von schaltzuständen eines leistungsschaltermoduls in einem umrichter |
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DE (1) | DE102019121134A1 (de) |
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DE4301605C1 (de) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-05-26 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Überwachen des Ein- und Ausschaltens eines steuerbaren Leistungshalbleiterbauelements in einer leistungselektronischen Schaltung |
JPH1141078A (ja) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-02-12 | Wako Giken:Kk | 半導体装置並びにpwmインバータのデッドタイム短縮方法及び装置 |
DE102007051004B4 (de) * | 2007-10-26 | 2010-04-08 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vorrichtung zur Detektion und Lokalisierung von Fehlern in einem Umrichter und/oder einer elektrischen Maschine eines elektrischen Antriebs |
US8760891B2 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2014-06-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Real time dynamic optimization of deadtime |
US8749939B2 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-06-10 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Method and system for shoot-through protection |
US9654085B2 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2017-05-16 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Intelligent gate driver for IGBT |
DE102012219243A1 (de) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-04-24 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Verfahren und Schaltungseinheit zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen einer Halbbrückenschaltung |
DK177863B1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-13 | Electronic As Kk | Intelligent gate drive unit |
EP2933646B1 (de) * | 2014-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Präzisionsmessung von Spannungsabfall über ein Halbleiterschaltelement |
US9960679B2 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2018-05-01 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Controlling a pair of switches |
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2019
- 2019-08-05 DE DE102019121134.4A patent/DE102019121134A1/de active Pending
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2020
- 2020-08-05 EP EP20751553.7A patent/EP4010983A1/de active Pending
- 2020-08-05 WO PCT/EP2020/072040 patent/WO2021023786A1/de active Search and Examination
Also Published As
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DE102019121134A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 |
WO2021023786A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 |
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