EP3956991A1 - Component, device and system for unidirectional data transmission - Google Patents
Component, device and system for unidirectional data transmissionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3956991A1 EP3956991A1 EP20728955.4A EP20728955A EP3956991A1 EP 3956991 A1 EP3956991 A1 EP 3956991A1 EP 20728955 A EP20728955 A EP 20728955A EP 3956991 A1 EP3956991 A1 EP 3956991A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- data
- component
- data signal
- receiving unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/75—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for isolation purposes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
Definitions
- a data diode can be used that only allows data to be transported in one direction.
- the data diode is set up, for example, in such a way that the data is transported exclusively in
- an optical interface such as LEDs or laser diodes to transmit the data to an electro-optical receiving unit (so-called optocoupler).
- Optical transmission methods based on optocouplers are severely limited in terms of the transmission rate. Laser-based processes are also expensive.
- Data transfer rate enables and at the same time is inexpensive to implement.
- the invention relates to a
- the component comprises a transmission unit.
- the transmission unit is set up for the wireless transmission of a data signal with a frequency of less than 300 GHz.
- the transmission unit for transmitting the data signal is without
- connection to a receiving unit such as by means of an electrical conductor or an optical fiber
- the data signal has a frequency outside the infrared or optical frequency range.
- Transmission rate for the transmission of the data signal can be achieved.
- the transmission unit is, for example, a conductor track on a circuit board.
- the transmission unit is also assigned a circuit comprising an amplifier and / or a filter.
- the component also includes a receiving unit.
- Receiving unit is set up for wireless reception of the data signal.
- the receiving unit is optimized with regard to receiving a data signal transmitted by the transmitting unit.
- The is exemplary
- the receiver unit is identical in construction to the
- the receiving unit is, for example, also a conductor track on the circuit board.
- the receiving unit is also assigned a circuit comprising an amplifier and / or a filter.
- Data signal occurs, for example, through crosstalk between the transmitting and receiving unit.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each integrated into the component. That is, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit form a structural unit. In particular, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are arranged in a common housing. The integration of the transmitting unit and the receiving unit in the same component enables good shielding of the data signal with respect to the surroundings of the component and a compact design.
- the housing is, for example, a common one
- the receiving unit is completely surrounded by layers of the printed circuit board.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are at a distance of less than 10 mm from one another
- the distance is less than 1 mm, preferably less than 100 gm, for example less than 10 gm.
- a transmitter output power can thus advantageously be used
- Transmission of the data signal can be kept low. At the same time, a compact design of the component is made possible.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each inductive Transmission units formed. This is, for example, one coil in each case.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each designed as antennas.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each designed as antennas.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each designed as lambda / 4 antennas.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each designed as lambda / 4 antennas.
- Sending unit and the receiving unit are arranged in particular aligned parallel to one another.
- Sending unit and the receiving unit are arranged in particular aligned parallel to one another.
- Receiving unit designed as patch antennas.
- a radio frequency for transmitting the data signal is greater than 1 GHz.
- the transmission unit is set up for wireless transmission of the data signal at a frequency between 1 GHz and 300 GHz.
- the size of the transmitting unit and the receiving unit for example an antenna length, can thus be kept small.
- a transmission link between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit essentially corresponds to the distance between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit.
- the transmission link does not include any reflection of the
- Transmitter output power for transmitting the data signal can be kept low.
- Transmitter output power for transmitting the data signal can be kept low.
- Transmitter output power for transmitting the data signal is limited in such a way that a signal-to-noise ratio of the data signal at a distance from the transmitting unit which corresponds to twice the distance between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit is 2 dB or less. In other words it is
- Transmitter output power limited in such a way that the data signal can hardly be received at twice the distance between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit even without shielding.
- a transmitter output power for transmitting the data signal is 500 pW or less.
- the component comprises a carrier with a plurality of one above the other
- the carrier is in particular a printed circuit board (PCB).
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each on different layers of the carrier
- the transmitting and receiving units are designed as conductor tracks, for example in the shape of an antenna or coil.
- the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are each covered by at least one layer of the carrier for shielding the data signal.
- the carrier serves as an example of the housing
- the data signal is such
- the shielding is selected such that the data signal can be received by the receiving unit essentially without interference, but not in the wider area surrounding the component.
- the invention in a second aspect, relates to a
- the device comprises a component according to the first aspect.
- the device comprises a data input for connection to an original network.
- the data input is, for example, an Ethernet interface.
- the device also comprises a data output for connection to a target network.
- the data output is also an Ethernet interface, for example.
- the device can also be referred to as a data diode.
- the device is exemplary for use as a subassembly in a network switch
- the data input is coupled to the transmitter unit.
- the data output is coupled to the receiving unit.
- the data input is galvanically separated from the data output.
- the device comprises an input computing unit.
- the input computing unit is arranged between the data input and the transmission unit.
- the input processing unit is for receiving and processing a data signal from the
- the input computing unit is, for example, a microcontroller that transmits the data provided on the original network to the
- the Input computing unit sends a data signal in accordance with a first transmission protocol of the source network and outputs the data signal in accordance with a second transmission protocol to the transmission unit.
- the first transmission protocol is, for example, an Ethernet protocol.
- the input computing unit can be in the transmitting unit
- the input computing unit is arranged externally with respect to the component. In other variants, the
- Input computing unit comprise two or more components, a first component receiving the data signal in accordance with the first transmission protocol and being coupled with one or more further components in terms of signal technology, which translates the data signal in accordance with the second transmission protocol.
- the device comprises a
- Output computing unit The output computing unit is arranged between the receiving unit and the data output.
- the output computing unit is set up to process and output the data signal to the destination network.
- the output computing unit is, for example, also a microcontroller that is connected to the receiving unit
- a data signal in accordance with the second transmission protocol is present at the output computing unit, which the
- the third transmission protocol is for
- Example an Ethernet protocol for example the same as the first transmission protocol.
- the output computing unit can be in the receiving unit
- the Output computing unit arranged externally with respect to the component. In other variants, the
- Input computing unit comprise two or more components, a first component receiving the data signal in accordance with the second transmission protocol and being coupled with one or more other components in terms of signal technology,
- the input computing unit and the output computing unit are for
- the second transmission protocol is a protocol of one of the aforementioned methods.
- the same or different transmission methods and / or radio frequencies are used in parallel to transmit the data signal.
- the device is assigned, for example, several transmitting units and receiving units.
- the invention relates to a system for monitoring and diagnosing a control network for operating rail vehicles and / or signal boxes.
- the system comprises an apparatus according to the second aspect.
- the system also includes a monitoring and
- the monitoring and diagnostic unit has in particular means that allow status or control signals to be read out from the control network are representative of an operating state of a rail vehicle and / or a signal box.
- the control network is the originating network with the
- the monitoring and diagnosis unit is coupled to the device as a target network.
- Figures 1 and 2 an embodiment of a component for unidirectional data transmission
- Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a device for
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a system for monitoring and diagnosing a control network for operating
- FIGS. 1 and 2 An exemplary embodiment of a component 1 for the unidirectional data transmission of a data signal S is shown on the basis of FIGS.
- a printed circuit board which acts as a carrier 4 and housing, is on two different circuit board layers 4a, 4b (cf.
- Receiving unit 3 is set up.
- the radio antennas are set up to transmit data between one another over a very short distance of a few millimeters or micrometers.
- the property of neighboring conductors is adopted in which one
- Component 1 thus enables one-way data transmission with the aid of a wireless radio system.
- the transmission unit 2 has a very low transmission power.
- One-way data transmission is only carried out over a very short distance.
- the radio antennas are at a distance d from one another
- a radiation power is already so low that a reconstruction of the data signal S is not possible or only possible with a high susceptibility to errors.
- the radio antennas are each a quarter-wave radiator.
- the two antennas are then aligned parallel to one another at a suitable distance.
- a different layout can be selected, for example.
- a radio frequency of the radio antenna greater than 1 GHz is selected in the present case.
- Further circuit board layers 4c, 4d are used for shielding. Such a structure of the radio link in a PCB with shielding surfaces enables
- the data is transmitted via an inductive transmission unit that is implemented in the form of a PCB layout.
- the transmitter unit 2 and the receiver unit 3 are also assigned circuits which process the transmitter signal or convert the received signal back (not shown in detail).
- Amplifier circuit and / or a filter.
- FIG. 3 shows a device 10 for unidirectional data transmission, which is also referred to as a data diode.
- the device 10 has a data input 12 for connection to an originating network 20 and a data output 13 for connection to a destination network 30. In each case, these are Ethernet interfaces. In particular, the device 10 can be connected to any Side to be connected to the corresponding network 20, 30.
- the device 10 comprises at least one input and one output computing unit.
- a microcontroller 14 is on an exemplary basis
- Receiving unit 3 is also connected to a microcontroller 15, for example.
- the microcontrollers 14, 15 are set up in particular to translate transmission protocols. After receiving data, they are output to the target network 30 with a respective selected protocol with, for example, a lower security level. Due to the network separation with the aid of the component 1, a
- Modules with radio transmitters and those with receivers are available today in a very compact design, so that a very compact overall design of the component 1 or the device 10 is made possible. Transmission methods based on WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee, software-defined radio solutions or other proprietary methods are conceivable here.
- the microcontrollers 14, 15 are shown as protocol processing units in FIG.
- the illustrated device 10 can in particular as
- the device 10 is exemplified by a plurality of components 1 as well as data inputs and outputs 12, 13, so that individual transmission links can be implemented in parallel with the same or different transmission methods and / or frequencies.
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a system 100 in which the device 10 is used.
- the system 100 comprises a control network 200 that is coupled to one or more rail vehicles 201 and / or one or more interlockings 202.
- the control network 200 is, for example, with control and / or safety technology of a rail or
- the control network 200 is, in particular, a security-relevant, closed network.
- Diagnostic unit 101 is via the unidirectional data channel formed by device 10 with the
- the monitoring and diagnosis unit 101 comprises e.g. a portable, local storage medium or a server. About one of the
- Device 10 separate channel is e.g. control of the control network 200 is possible (shown in dashed lines).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019207996.2A DE102019207996A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Component, device and system for unidirectional data transmission |
PCT/EP2020/062992 WO2020239409A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2020-05-11 | Component, device and system for unidirectional data transmission |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3956991A1 true EP3956991A1 (en) | 2022-02-23 |
Family
ID=70918380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20728955.4A Pending EP3956991A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2020-05-11 | Component, device and system for unidirectional data transmission |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3956991A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019207996A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020239409A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7791900B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-09-07 | Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Galvanic isolator |
ITTO20070325A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-12 | St Microelectronics Srl | INTEGRATED GALVANIC INSULATOR USING WIRELESS TRANSMISSION |
US9496926B2 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2016-11-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Galvanic isolator |
US10505258B2 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2019-12-10 | Analog Devices Global Unlimited Company | Radio frequency isolator |
-
2019
- 2019-05-31 DE DE102019207996.2A patent/DE102019207996A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-05-11 EP EP20728955.4A patent/EP3956991A1/en active Pending
- 2020-05-11 WO PCT/EP2020/062992 patent/WO2020239409A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020239409A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
DE102019207996A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
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Effective date: 20211119 |
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Effective date: 20240607 |