EP3924315A1 - Grains which can be assembled with each other to form granules, granules obtained, manufacturing methods and use of the grains and granules in the field of building and public works - Google Patents

Grains which can be assembled with each other to form granules, granules obtained, manufacturing methods and use of the grains and granules in the field of building and public works

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Publication number
EP3924315A1
EP3924315A1 EP20709319.6A EP20709319A EP3924315A1 EP 3924315 A1 EP3924315 A1 EP 3924315A1 EP 20709319 A EP20709319 A EP 20709319A EP 3924315 A1 EP3924315 A1 EP 3924315A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grains
concrete
waste
granules
micro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20709319.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
William Francis CRUAUD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neolithe
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3924315A1 publication Critical patent/EP3924315A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/30—Mixed waste; Waste of undefined composition
    • C04B18/305—Municipal waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
    • C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of building and public works (BTP) and, more particularly, materials of the aggregate type which enter into the composition of construction materials.
  • aggregates are fragments of rock intended to enter into the composition of the materials necessary for the manufacture of public works, civil engineering and building works.
  • wastes such as bottom ash, kaolin sands, waste rock, crushed concrete, etc. have already been used.
  • the present invention aims to provide aggregates which incorporate waste, such as household waste, organic waste, industrial waste, waste from sludge and sediment, thus responding to the problem of waste treatment, while having mechanical characteristics. and appropriate physicochemicals in the building, public works and civil engineering works sector, in particular by meeting the current standard in this sector.
  • the present invention therefore firstly relates to basic grains intended to be assembled together to form granules intended to enter into the composition of construction materials useful in the field of building, public works and civil engineering, characterized in that they each consist of a core formed of an agglomerate of compressed waste fragments and associated with each other by a micro-concrete with carbonate hydraulic binder having undergone a hydraulic setting, said core being enclosed in a shell formed by a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR) having undergone hydraulic setting.
  • MBPR micro-concrete with reactive powder
  • the waste fragments can in particular come from waste chosen from household waste (DM), household waste (OM), residual household waste (OMR), mixtures of at least two among MD, OM and OMR , organic material waste, industrial waste, sludge waste, or mixtures of these wastes, said fragments having in particular been subjected to an inerting treatment, in particular with a composition based on quicklime.
  • DM household waste
  • OM household waste
  • OMR residual household waste
  • Household waste refers to waste resulting from the daily domestic activity of households and from economic activities collected under the same conditions as these. This waste is that collected by the traditional collection of residual household waste, by selective collections, by waste reception centers, bulky waste collections and green waste collections.
  • Household waste refers to waste resulting from the daily domestic activity of households and from economic activities collected under the same conditions as these. This waste is that collected by the traditional collection of residual household waste, by selective collections.
  • Residual household waste refers to the proportion of mixed household waste after selective collection.
  • Household waste, household waste and residual household waste are for France products listed and standardized by the Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME).
  • ADME Environment and Energy Management Agency
  • composition of OMR in France is as follows according to ADEME:
  • Organic matter waste can, among other things, be beet pulp and other processing waste from the food industry.
  • Industrial waste can, among other things, consist of sand from hyperbaric waterjet cutting.
  • Sludge and sediment waste can, among other things, be dredged sludge and sediment from ports and channels, or sludge and sediment from wastewater treatment plants.
  • the micro-concrete with a carbonate hydraulic binder which has undergone hydraulic setting during the formation of the cores of the grains comprises the following constituents:
  • the reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) having undergone a hydraulic setting for the formation of the shells comprises the following constituents:
  • micro-concretes and reactive powder micro-concretes which may be chosen from setting accelerators, setting retarders, air entrainers, plasticizers, including superplasticizers, pigments, grinding agents, colloids and bulk water repellents,
  • the micro-concrete ensuring the connection of the waste fragments can also be a reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) as defined above.
  • MBPR reactive powder micro-concrete
  • the weight ratio of waste fragments: micro-concrete ensuring the bonding of the waste fragments is in particular between 10: 1 and 1: 3.
  • the core: shell weight ratio of a grain is in particular between 15: 1 and 1: 3, in particular being from 1: 1 to 2: 1.
  • the waste fragments may each have a greater dimension of at most 30 mm, being in particular 100 ⁇ m - 5 mm; cores can have a larger dimension of 100 - 500 mm; and the shells can have a thickness of 0.3 to 10 mm.
  • the grains can have any shape, such as spherical, spheroidal, parallelepipedal, cylindrical.
  • the present invention also relates to granules formed by the assembly of at least two, in particular from two to twenty, basic grains as defined above, the granules possibly having dimensions chosen to constitute a set of granules of which the dimensions are distributed according to a grain size curve to form an aggregate advantageously meeting the standard NFP18-545, or a set of granules, which added to another aggregate such as a natural aggregate, form a mixed aggregate advantageously meeting the standard NFP18-545.
  • the basic grains of a granule may have been assembled by pressure, gluing or bonding by a carbonated hydraulic binder concrete having undergone hydraulic setting, such as a micro-concrete or a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR), for example an MBPR as defined above, said assembly having in particular a lower resistance to compression / impacts than the base grains.
  • a carbonated hydraulic binder concrete having undergone hydraulic setting, such as a micro-concrete or a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR), for example an MBPR as defined above, said assembly having in particular a lower resistance to compression / impacts than the base grains.
  • MBPR micro-concrete with reactive powder
  • the cores can advantageously have a compressive strength of at least 15 MPa, in particular at least 25 MPa; the grains may have a compressive strength of at least 25 MPa, in particular at least 60 MPa; and the granules can exhibit a compressive strength of at least 20 MPa, especially at least 45 MPa.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing grains, granules and aggregates as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the following successive steps:
  • the invention also relates to the use of grains, granules and aggregates as defined above, or prepared by the process as defined above, as constituents of a composition of construction materials in the building field, public works and civil engineering, in particular for the construction of walls, floors, stonework, and all concrete structures.
  • MBPRs reactive powder micro-concretes having the compositions shown in Table 1 were used.
  • the compressive strength class of concretes (including micro-concretes and reactive powder micro-concretes) is expressed by CX / Y, C denoting the English word for concrete: "concrete” and X and Y corresponding to the compressive strength in MPa at 28 days, measured respectively on a cylindrical specimen and on a cubic specimen.
  • the superplasticizer sold under the name “DYNAMON NRG 1045” by the company “MAPEI” was also used as a liquid adjuvant to each MBPR, and, for the formation of the hulls of the base grains, a bulk water repellent. marketed under the name “SIKACEM Liquid water repellent” by the company “SIKA”.
  • the ripening times described in these Examples are each of the order of 28 days, as is well known in the construction industry.
  • Example 1 Manufacture of a 40/80 aggregate
  • the material thus shredded was then transferred to a drum mixer in which it was combined with a quicklime composition to treat the organic parts of the OM and OMR in order to make them as inert as possible.
  • the material thus treated was then transferred to a series of industrial mill line with a maximum pass of 5 mm to obtain OM / OMR fragments with a larger dimension of 5 mm.
  • the OM and OMR fragments were then transferred by worm screw to a mixer in which they were mixed by mixing a mixture of MBPR1 + superplasticizer and water in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
  • the resulting amalgam was then transferred to an automated molding line to manufacture 1 mx 1 m slabs 18 mm thick and density 2.5 in a hydraulic press.
  • the slabs thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • Each of the cores thus obtained was coated by rolling in a Rotomat type drum with a shell of MBPR1 with a thickness of 1 mm, uniformly distributed over the surface of each grain core.
  • the grain cores were mixed with a mixture of MBPR1 + superplasticizer + water repellent by mass and water in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
  • the base grains thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • the base grains obtained in C were transferred by conveyor belt into a refusal mixer in which a mixture of super-plasticizer MBPR2 + and water was combined in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
  • the aggregates thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • Example 2 Manufacture of an 8/12 aggregate
  • Example 1 The procedure was as in Example 1, A, except that after treatment with the quicklime composition, the material thus treated was transferred to a series of industrial crusher lines with a maximum pass of 1 mm, to obtain OM / OMR fragments larger than 1 mm.
  • the grain cores thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • Example 3 Manufacture of a 6/15 aggregate
  • Example 1 The procedure was as in Example 1, A, except that after treatment with the quicklime composition, the material thus treated was transferred to a series of industrial crusher lines with a maximum pass of 1 mm.
  • the grain cores thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are base grains intended to be assembled with each other to form granules intended for use in the composition of building materials that can be used in the field of building, public works and civil engineering, characterised by the fact that they each consist of a core formed from an agglomerate of compressed waste fragments combined with each other by a micro-concrete with a carbonate hydraulic binder having undergone hydraulic curing, the core being enclosed in a shell formed by a reactive powder concrete (RPC) having undergone hydraulic curing.

Description

    GRAINS ASSEMBLABLES ENTRE EUX POUR FORMER DES GRANULES, GRANULES OBTENUS, PROCEDES DE FABRICATION ET UTILISATION DES GRAINS ET GRANULES DANS LE DOMAINE DU BATIMENT ET DES TRAVAUX PUBLICSGRAINS THAT CAN BE ASSEMBLED TO FORM GRANULES, GRANULES OBTAINED, METHODS OF MANUFACTURING AND USE OF GRAINS AND GRANULES IN THE FIELD OF BUILDING AND PUBLIC WORKS
  • La présente invention concerne le domaine du bâtiment et des travaux publics (BTP) et, plus particulièrement, les matériaux de type granulats qui entrent dans la composition des matériaux de construction.The present invention relates to the field of building and public works (BTP) and, more particularly, materials of the aggregate type which enter into the composition of construction materials.
  • Les granulats connus ont pour composant de base un assemblage de minéraux et parfois de fossiles. Ils sont souvent issus de roche massive ou fragmentée, ils peuvent être monominéraux ou polyminéraux.Known aggregates have as their basic component an assembly of minerals and sometimes fossils. They often come from massive or fragmented rock, they can be monomineral or polymineral.
  • Communément, les granulats sont des fragments de roche destinés à entrer dans la composition des matériaux nécessaires à la fabrication d’ouvrages de travaux publics, de génie civil et de bâtiment.Commonly, aggregates are fragments of rock intended to enter into the composition of the materials necessary for the manufacture of public works, civil engineering and building works.
  • Actuellement, les granulats sont classés en trois grandes familles :Currently, aggregates are classified into three main families:
  • - il y a des granulats dits « naturels » ceux qui n’ont subi aucune transformation autre que mécaniques ;- there are so-called "natural" aggregates those which have not undergone any transformation other than mechanical;
  • - il y a des granulats dits « artificiels » qui résultent de procédés industriels comprenant des modifications thermiques ou autres ;- there are so-called “artificial” aggregates which result from industrial processes comprising thermal or other modifications;
  • - il y a les granulats dits « de matériaux alternatifs » qui résultent de matériaux inorganiques antérieurement utilisés pour la construction. Dans cette catégorie se rangent des granulats comme les granulats de bétons concassés, les fraisats d’enrobés bitumineux, etc.- there are the so-called “alternative materials” aggregates which result from inorganic materials previously used for construction. This category includes aggregates such as crushed concrete aggregates, bituminous mixes, etc.
  • Dans le domaine des granulats, ont déjà été utilisés des déchets comme les mâchefers, les sables de kaolins, les stériles de mines, les bétons concassés, etc.In the field of aggregates, wastes such as bottom ash, kaolin sands, waste rock, crushed concrete, etc. have already been used.
  • La présente invention a pour but de proposer des granulats qui incorporent des déchets, tels que déchets ménagers, déchets de matières organiques, déchets industriels, déchets issus de boues et sédiments, répondant ainsi au problème du traitement des déchets, tout en présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques et physico-chimiques appropriées dans le secteur des ouvrages du bâtiment, des travaux publics et du génie civil, en particulier en répondant à la norme qui s’impose actuellement dans ce secteur.The present invention aims to provide aggregates which incorporate waste, such as household waste, organic waste, industrial waste, waste from sludge and sediment, thus responding to the problem of waste treatment, while having mechanical characteristics. and appropriate physicochemicals in the building, public works and civil engineering works sector, in particular by meeting the current standard in this sector.
  • La présente invention a donc d’abord pour objet des grains de base destinés à être assemblés entre eux pour former des granules destinés à entrer dans la composition de matériaux de construction utiles dans le domaine du bâtiment, des travaux publics et du génie civil, caractérisés par le fait qu’ils consistent chacun en un cœur formé d’un agglomérat de fragments de déchets comprimés et associés entre eux par un micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté ayant subi une prise hydraulique, ledit cœur étant enfermé dans une coque formée par un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) ayant subi une prise hydraulique.The present invention therefore firstly relates to basic grains intended to be assembled together to form granules intended to enter into the composition of construction materials useful in the field of building, public works and civil engineering, characterized in that they each consist of a core formed of an agglomerate of compressed waste fragments and associated with each other by a micro-concrete with carbonate hydraulic binder having undergone a hydraulic setting, said core being enclosed in a shell formed by a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR) having undergone hydraulic setting.
  • Les fragments de déchets peuvent notamment être issus de déchets choisis parmi les déchets ménagers (DM), les ordures ménagères (OM), les ordures ménagères résiduelles (OMR), les mélanges d’au moins deux parmi les DM, les OM et les OMR, les déchets de matières organiques, les déchets industriels, les déchets de boue, ou les mélanges de ces déchets, lesdits fragments ayant notamment été soumis à un traitement d’inertage, en particulier par une composition à base de chaux vive.The waste fragments can in particular come from waste chosen from household waste (DM), household waste (OM), residual household waste (OMR), mixtures of at least two among MD, OM and OMR , organic material waste, industrial waste, sludge waste, or mixtures of these wastes, said fragments having in particular been subjected to an inerting treatment, in particular with a composition based on quicklime.
  • Les déchets ménagers (DM) désignent les déchets issus de l’activité domestique quotidienne des ménages et des activités économiques collectées dans les mêmes conditions que ceux-ci. Ces déchets sont ceux collectés par la collecte traditionnelle des ordures ménagères résiduelles, par les collectes sélectives, par les déchetteries, les collectes d’encombrants et les collectes de déchets verts.Household waste (DM) refers to waste resulting from the daily domestic activity of households and from economic activities collected under the same conditions as these. This waste is that collected by the traditional collection of residual household waste, by selective collections, by waste reception centers, bulky waste collections and green waste collections.
  • Les ordures ménagères (OM) désignent les déchets issus de l’activité domestique quotidienne des ménages et des activités économiques collectées dans les mêmes conditions que ceux-ci. Ces déchets sont ceux collectés par la collecte traditionnelle des ordures ménagères résiduelles, par les collectes sélectives.Household waste (OM) refers to waste resulting from the daily domestic activity of households and from economic activities collected under the same conditions as these. This waste is that collected by the traditional collection of residual household waste, by selective collections.
  • Les ordures ménagères résiduelles (OMR) désignent la part des ordures ménagères en mélange après collecte sélective.Residual household waste (OMR) refers to the proportion of mixed household waste after selective collection.
  • Les déchets ménagers, ordures ménagères et ordures ménagères résiduelles sont pour la France des produits répertoriés et normés par l’Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l’Energie (ADEME).Household waste, household waste and residual household waste are for France products listed and standardized by the Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME).
  • Pour exemple, la composition des OMR en France est la suivante selon l’ADEME :For example, the composition of OMR in France is as follows according to ADEME:
  • - 33% de déchets organiques ;- 33% organic waste;
  • - 13% d’éléments fins ;- 13% of fine elements;
  • - 11% de papier ;- 11% of paper;
  • - 11% de plastique ;- 11% plastic;
  • - 10% de textile sanitaire ;- 10% of sanitary textile;
  • - 6% de carton ;- 6% cardboard;
  • - 5% de verre ;- 5% glass;
  • - 3% de textile ;- 3% textile;
  • - 3% de combustibles ;- 3% of fuels;
  • - 2,5% de métaux ; et - 2.5% of metals; and
  • - 2,5% de matériaux composites- 2.5% of composite materials
  • ces % étant en poids.these% being by weight.
  • Les déchets de matières organiques peuvent, entre autres, être les pulpes de betterave et autres rebuts de transformation des filières agro-alimentaires.Organic matter waste can, among other things, be beet pulp and other processing waste from the food industry.
  • Les déchets industriels peuvent, entre autres, être constitués par les sables de coupe au jet d’eau hyperbare.Industrial waste can, among other things, consist of sand from hyperbaric waterjet cutting.
  • Les déchets de boues et sédiments peuvent, entre autres, être les boues et sédiments de dragage des ports et chenaux, ou les boues et sédiments de station d’épuration.Sludge and sediment waste can, among other things, be dredged sludge and sediment from ports and channels, or sludge and sediment from wastewater treatment plants.
  • Conformément à des modes de réalisation particuliers de la présente invention, le micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté qui a subi une prise hydraulique lors de la formation des cœurs des grains comporte les constituants suivants :In accordance with particular embodiments of the present invention, the micro-concrete with a carbonate hydraulic binder which has undergone hydraulic setting during the formation of the cores of the grains comprises the following constituents:
  • (a) au moins l’un parmi un ciment carbonaté, de la chaux vive et de la chaux éteinte, à raison notamment de 10 à 50 parties en poids ;(a) at least one of carbonated cement, quicklime and slaked lime, in particular in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight;
  • (b) un granulat à base de sable de granulométrie inférieure à 400 µm, à raison notamment de 90 à 50 parties en poids ;(b) an aggregate based on sand with a particle size of less than 400 μm, in particular in an amount of 90 to 50 parts by weight;
  • (c) le cas échéant au moins un adjuvant pour béton dans une quantité pouvant aller jusqu’à 5 parties en poids,(c) where appropriate at least one admixture for concrete in an amount of up to 5 parts by weight,
  • les parties en poids de (a), (b) et (c) se rapportant à 100 parties en poids de (a)+(b),the parts by weight of (a), (b) and (c) relating to 100 parts by weight of (a) + (b),
  • et le micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) ayant subi une prise hydraulique pour la formation des coques comporte les constituants suivants :and the reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) having undergone a hydraulic setting for the formation of the shells comprises the following constituents:
  • (d) au moins un ciment carbonaté, à raison notamment de 20 à 50 parties en poids ;(d) at least one carbonated cement, in particular in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight;
  • (e) un granulat à base de sable de granulométrie inférieure à 400 µm, à raison notamment de 50 à 80 parties en poids ;(e) a sand-based aggregate with a particle size of less than 400 μm, in particular at a rate of 50 to 80 parts by weight;
  • (f) au moins une charge siliceuse de granulométrie inférieure à 100 µm, choisie notamment parmi les charges siliceuses sédimentaires, la cristobalite, la fumée de silice, la fumée de silice amorphe, la fumée de silice condensée, la microsilice et la nanosilice, à raison notamment de 1 à 30 parties en poids ;(f) at least one siliceous filler with a particle size of less than 100 μm, chosen in particular from sedimentary siliceous fillers, cristobalite, silica fume, amorphous silica fume, condensed silica fume, microsilica and nanosilica, to an amount in particular of 1 to 30 parts by weight;
  • (g) au moins un adjuvant pour béton dans une quantité pouvant aller jusqu’à 5 parties en poids,(g) at least one concrete admixture in an amount of up to 5 parts by weight,
  • les parties en poids de (d), (e), (f) et (g) se rapportant à 100 parties en poids de (d) + (e),the parts by weight of (d), (e), (f) and (g) relating to 100 parts by weight of (d) + (e),
  • les adjuvants pour bétons pouvant entrer dans la composition des micro-bétons et des micro-bétons à poudre réactive (MBPR) pouvant être choisis parmi les accélérateurs de prise, les retardateurs de prise, les entraîneurs d’air, les plastifiants, y compris les super-plastifiants, les pigments, les agents de mouture, les colloïdes et les hydrofuges de masse,admixtures for concrete which may enter into the composition of micro-concretes and reactive powder micro-concretes (MBPR) which may be chosen from setting accelerators, setting retarders, air entrainers, plasticizers, including superplasticizers, pigments, grinding agents, colloids and bulk water repellents,
  • le micro-béton assurant la liaison des fragments de déchets pouvant également être un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) tel que défini ci-dessus.the micro-concrete ensuring the connection of the waste fragments can also be a reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) as defined above.
  • Le rapport en poids fragments de déchets:micro-béton assurant la liaison des fragments de déchets est notamment compris entre 10:1 et 1:3. The weight ratio of waste fragments: micro-concrete ensuring the bonding of the waste fragments is in particular between 10: 1 and 1: 3.
  • Le rapport en poids cœur:coque d’un grain est notamment compris entre 15:1 et 1:3, étant notamment de 1:1 à 2:1.The core: shell weight ratio of a grain is in particular between 15: 1 and 1: 3, in particular being from 1: 1 to 2: 1.
  • En particulier, les fragments de déchets peuvent présenter chacun une plus grande dimension d’au plus 30 mm, étant notamment de 100 µm - 5 mm ; les cœurs peuvent avoir une plus grande dimension de 100 - 500 mm ; et les coques peuvent avoir une épaisseur de 0,3 à 10 mm.In particular, the waste fragments may each have a greater dimension of at most 30 mm, being in particular 100 µm - 5 mm; cores can have a larger dimension of 100 - 500 mm; and the shells can have a thickness of 0.3 to 10 mm.
  • Les grains peuvent présenter n’importe quelle forme, telle que sphérique, sphéroïdale, parallélépipédique, cylindrique.The grains can have any shape, such as spherical, spheroidal, parallelepipedal, cylindrical.
  • La présente invention porte encore sur des granules constitués par l’assemblage d’au moins deux, en particulier de deux à vingt, grains de base tels que définis ci-dessus, les granules pouvant avoir des dimensions choisies pour constituer un ensemble de granules dont les dimensions sont réparties selon une courbe granulométrique pour former un granulat répondant avantageusement à la norme NFP18-545, ou bien un ensemble de granules, qui additionnés à un autre granulat tel qu’un granulat naturel, forment un granulat mixte répondant avantageusement à la norme NFP18-545.The present invention also relates to granules formed by the assembly of at least two, in particular from two to twenty, basic grains as defined above, the granules possibly having dimensions chosen to constitute a set of granules of which the dimensions are distributed according to a grain size curve to form an aggregate advantageously meeting the standard NFP18-545, or a set of granules, which added to another aggregate such as a natural aggregate, form a mixed aggregate advantageously meeting the standard NFP18-545.
  • A titre d’exemples, on peut citer la préparation des granulats suivants dont la courbe granulométrique répond à la norme NFP18-545 :As examples, mention may be made of the preparation of the following aggregates, the particle size curve of which meets standard NFP18-545:
    • granulat nommé gravillon 11/22 ;aggregate called gravel 11/22;
    • granulat mixte de matériaux secondaires GNTB 0/20 + granulat naturel ;mixed aggregate of secondary materials GNTB 0/20 + natural aggregate;
    • granulat mixte de matériaux primaires tout venant 0/130 + granulat naturel ;mixed aggregate of primary materials from all sources 0/130 + natural aggregate;
    • granulat de matériaux primaires 100/300.aggregate of primary materials 100/300.
  • Les grains de base d’un granule peuvent avoir été assemblés par pression, collage ou liaison par un béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté ayant subi une prise hydraulique, tels qu’un micro-béton ou un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR), par exemple un MBPR tel que défini ci-dessus, ledit assemblage présentant notamment une moindre résistance à la compression/aux chocs que les grains de base.The basic grains of a granule may have been assembled by pressure, gluing or bonding by a carbonated hydraulic binder concrete having undergone hydraulic setting, such as a micro-concrete or a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR), for example an MBPR as defined above, said assembly having in particular a lower resistance to compression / impacts than the base grains.
  • L’homme du métier sait choisir les micro-bétons en fonction de leurs résistances à la compression/aux chocs.Those skilled in the art know how to choose micro-concretes according to their compressive / impact strengths.
  • Les cœurs peuvent avantageusement présenter une résistance à la compression d’au moins 15 MPa, notamment d’au moins 25 MPa ; les grains peuvent présenter une résistance à la compression d’au moins 25 MPa, notamment d’au moins 60 MPa ; et les granules peuvent présenter une résistance à la compression d’au moins 20 MPa, notamment d’au moins 45 MPa.The cores can advantageously have a compressive strength of at least 15 MPa, in particular at least 25 MPa; the grains may have a compressive strength of at least 25 MPa, in particular at least 60 MPa; and the granules can exhibit a compressive strength of at least 20 MPa, especially at least 45 MPa.
  • La présente invention porte également sur un procédé de fabrication de grains, granules et granulats tels que définis ci-dessus caractérisé par le fait qu’il comporte les étapes successives suivantes : The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing grains, granules and aggregates as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the following successive steps:
    • broyage des déchets en au moins une étape pour obtenir les fragments de déchets ;grinding of the waste in at least one step to obtain the waste fragments;
    • le cas échéant, inertage des fragments de déchets ainsi obtenus en particulier par une composition de chaux vive ;where appropriate, inerting the fragments of waste thus obtained, in particular with a composition of quicklime;
    • malaxage des fragments de déchets ainsi obtenus avec la composition du micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté, les éventuels adjuvants et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique de celui-ci ;mixing of the fragments of waste thus obtained with the composition of the micro-concrete with a carbonate hydraulic binder, any additives and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic uptake thereof;
    • obtention des cœurs de grains par moulage sous presse en blocs que l’on découpe le cas échéant, ou par extrusion sous presse, ou par pastillage dans une machine à fabriquer des comprimés ;obtaining grain cores by molding in a press into blocks which are cut if necessary, or by extrusion in a press, or by pelletizing in a tabletting machine;
    • stockage des cœurs de grains au moins pendant le temps nécessaire à leur maturation, par exemple entre 10 et 30 jours ;storage of the grain cores at least for the time necessary for their maturation, for example between 10 and 30 days;
    • enrobage, pour obtenir les grains, des cœurs de grains ainsi obtenus par la composition du micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR), les éventuels adjuvants, et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique de celui-ci, ledit enrobage étant effectué par exemple par culbutage en tambour ou par pulvérisation sur les cœurs de grains ;coating, to obtain the grains, of the grain cores thus obtained by the composition of the reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR), the possible additives, and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic setting thereof, said coating being carried out for example by tumbling into a drum or by spraying the grain cores;
    • stockage des grains ainsi obtenus au moins pendant le temps nécessaire à leur maturation, par exemple entre 10 et 30 jours ;storage of the grains thus obtained at least for the time necessary for their maturation, for example between 10 and 30 days;
    • assemblage des grains entre eux pour former des granules, ces derniers étant formés par l’assemblage d’au moins deux grains, ledit assemblage étant effectué par pression, collage ou liaison par un béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté auquel cas on malaxe les grains dans un malaxeur avec la composition dudit béton, les éventuels adjuvants et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique, puis, lorsque le béton a fait adhérer les grains entre eux, on fait sortir ces derniers du malaxeur par refus en maîtrisant leur dimension ; etassembly of the grains together to form granules, the latter being formed by the assembly of at least two grains, said assembly being carried out by pressure, gluing or bonding by a concrete with a carbonated hydraulic binder in which case the grains are mixed in a mixer with the composition of said concrete, any additives and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic setting, then, when the concrete has caused the grains to adhere to each other, the latter are released from the mixer by refusal while controlling their size; and
    • constitution d’un ensemble de granules de différentes dimensions pour constituer un granulat qui répond avantageusement à la norme NFP18-545, ou qui, en mélange avec un autre granulat, répondra avantageusement à la norme NFP18-345. constitution of a set of granules of different dimensions to form an aggregate which advantageously meets the NFP18-545 standard, or which, mixed with another aggregate, will advantageously meet the NFP18-345 standard.
  • L’invention porte également sur l’utilisation des grains, granules et granulats tels que définis ci-dessus, ou préparés par le procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, comme constituants d’une composition de matériaux de construction dans le domaine du bâtiment, des travaux publics et du génie civil, en particulier pour la construction de murs, sols, empierrements, et tous ouvrages en béton.The invention also relates to the use of grains, granules and aggregates as defined above, or prepared by the process as defined above, as constituents of a composition of construction materials in the building field, public works and civil engineering, in particular for the construction of walls, floors, stonework, and all concrete structures.
  • Les Exemples suivants illustrent la présente invention sans toutefois en limiter la portée.The following Examples illustrate the present invention without, however, limiting its scope.
  • Dans ces Exemples, on a utilisé sept micro-bétons à poudre réactive (MBPR) ayant les compositions indiquées dans le Tableau 1.In these Examples, seven reactive powder micro-concretes (MBPRs) having the compositions shown in Table 1 were used.
  • Composition pour 100,00 parties en poidsComposition per 100.00 parts by weight MBPR1MBPR1 MBPR2MBPR2 MBPR3MBPR3 MBPR4MBPR4 MBPR5MBPR5 MBPR6MBPR6 MBPR7MBPR7
    Ciment 52,5 de granulométrie…Cement 52.5 with grain size ... 34,0034.00 23,0023.00 30,0030.00 20,0020.00 23,0023.00 25,0025.00 15,0015.00
    Sablon blanc des Sablières de la Perche de granulométrie…Sablon blanc des Sablières de la Perche with grain size… 47,0047.00 57,0057.00 50,0050.00 60,0060.00 61,0061.00 65,0065.00 65,0065.00
    Charge sédimentaire siliceuse(1) de granulométrie…Siliceous sediment load (1) of particle size ... 9,009.00 10,0010.00 10,0010.00 10,0010.00 8,008.00 5,005.00 10,0010.00
    Cristobalite(2) Cristobalite (2) 10,0010.00 10,0010.00 10,0010.00 10,0010.00 8,008.00 5,005.00 10,0010.00
    Classe de résistance à la compression du MBPRMBPR compressive strength class C65C65 C45C45 C50C50 C45C45 C50C50 C70C70 C45C45
  • (1) « Millisil C400 » de chez SIFRACO/SIBELO(1) “Millisil C400” from SIFRACO / SIBELO
  • (2) « Farsil 10 » de chez Silmer ou « Christoballite » de chez Como Céramique(2) “Farsil 10” from Silmer or “Christoballite” from Como Céramique
  • (3) La classe de résistance à la compression des bétons (incluant les micro-bétons et les micro-bétons à poudre réactive) s’exprime par CX/Y, C désignant le mot anglais pour béton : « concrete » et X et Y correspondant à la résistance à la compression en MPa à 28 jours, mesurée respectivement sur éprouvette cylindrique et sur éprouvette cubique.(3) The compressive strength class of concretes (including micro-concretes and reactive powder micro-concretes) is expressed by CX / Y, C denoting the English word for concrete: "concrete" and X and Y corresponding to the compressive strength in MPa at 28 days, measured respectively on a cylindrical specimen and on a cubic specimen.
  • Dans ces Exemples, on a également utilisé le super-plastifiant commercialisé sous la dénomination « DYNAMON NRG 1045 » par la Société « MAPEI » comme adjuvant liquide à chaque MBPR, et, pour la formation des coques des grains de base, un hydrofuge de masse commercialisé sous la dénomination « SIKACEM Hydrofuge liquide » par la Société « SIKA ».In these Examples, the superplasticizer sold under the name “DYNAMON NRG 1045” by the company “MAPEI” was also used as a liquid adjuvant to each MBPR, and, for the formation of the hulls of the base grains, a bulk water repellent. marketed under the name “SIKACEM Liquid water repellent” by the company “SIKA”.
  • Les temps de maturation décrits dans ces Exemples sont chacun de l’ordre de 28 jours, comme cela est bien connu dans le domaine du BTP.The ripening times described in these Examples are each of the order of 28 days, as is well known in the construction industry.
  • Exemple 1 : Fabrication d’un granulat 40/80 Example 1 : Manufacture of a 40/80 aggregate
  • A – Préparation de fragments d’OM et OMR A - Preparation of OM and OMR fragments
  • Dans une trémie, on a introduit le produit de la collecte de déchets OM et OMR. On a transféré ces déchets par tapis roulant sur une ligne de déchiqueteur à cisailles rotatives 2 axes pour obtenir une matière formée de morceaux ayant chacun une plus grande dimension maximale de 2 cm. In a hopper, the product of the collection of OM and OMR waste was introduced. This waste was transferred by conveyor belt on a 2-axis rotary shredder line to obtain a material formed of pieces each having a maximum dimension of 2 cm.
  • On a ensuite transféré la matière ainsi déchiquetée dans un malaxeur à tambour dans lequel elle a été associée à une composition de chaux vive pour traiter les parties organiques des OM et OMR afin de les rendre les plus inertes possibles. The material thus shredded was then transferred to a drum mixer in which it was combined with a quicklime composition to treat the organic parts of the OM and OMR in order to make them as inert as possible.
  • Puis on a transféré la matière ainsi traitée sur une série ligne de broyeur industriel d’un passant maximum de 5 mm pour obtenir des fragments d’OM/OMR d’une plus grande dimension de 5 mm. The material thus treated was then transferred to a series of industrial mill line with a maximum pass of 5 mm to obtain OM / OMR fragments with a larger dimension of 5 mm.
  • B – Préparation de cœurs de grains de base B - Preparation of basic grain cores
  • On a ensuite transféré les fragments d’OM et OMR par vis sans fin dans un malaxeur dans lequel on leur a associé par malaxage un mélange MBPR1 + super-plastifiant et de l’eau dans les proportions suivantes, en parties en poids : The OM and OMR fragments were then transferred by worm screw to a mixer in which they were mixed by mixing a mixture of MBPR1 + superplasticizer and water in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
    • Fragments d’OM/OMR ………………………… 90,00Fragments of OM / OMR ………………………… 90.00
    • MBPR1 …………………………………………………………… 10,00MBPR1 …………………………………………………………… 10.00
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,05Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 5Water ………………………………………………………………… 5
  • On a ensuite transféré l’amalgame ainsi réalisé sur une chaîne de moulage automatisée pour fabriquer des dalles de 1 m x 1 m de 18 mm d’épaisseur et de densité de 2,5 sous presse hydraulique.The resulting amalgam was then transferred to an automated molding line to manufacture 1 mx 1 m slabs 18 mm thick and density 2.5 in a hydraulic press.
  • On a stocké les dalles ainsi obtenues pour les utiliser après un laps de temps au moins égal à leur temps de maturation.The slabs thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • Ensuite, on a réduit par coupe les dalles en morceaux parallélépipédiques de 18 mm de côté.Then, the slabs were cut into parallelepipedal pieces with sides of 18 mm.
  • Ces morceaux constituent les cœurs de grains de base selon la présente invention.These pieces constitute the basic grain cores according to the present invention.
  • C – Fabrication des grains de base C - Production of basic grains
  • On a enrobé par roulage dans un tambour de type Rotomat chacun des cœurs ainsi obtenus par une coque de MBPR1 d’une épaisseur de 1 mm, uniformément répartie sur la surface de chaque cœur de grain. Each of the cores thus obtained was coated by rolling in a Rotomat type drum with a shell of MBPR1 with a thickness of 1 mm, uniformly distributed over the surface of each grain core.
  • Pour cela, on a mélangé les cœurs de grains avec un mélange MBPR1 + super-plastifiant + hydrofuge de masse et de l’eau dans les proportions suivantes, en parties en poids : For this, the grain cores were mixed with a mixture of MBPR1 + superplasticizer + water repellent by mass and water in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
    • Cœurs de grains ………………………………… 150Hearts of grains ………………………………… 150
    • MBPR1 …………………………………………………………… 100MBPR1 …………………………………………………………… 100
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,05Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.05
    • Hydrofuge de masse ………………………… 0,05Mass water repellent ………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 12Water ………………………………………………………………… 12
  • On a stocké les grains de base ainsi obtenus pour les utiliser après un laps de temps au moins égal à leur temps de maturation. The base grains thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • D – Fabrication d’un granulat 40/80 D - Manufacture of a 40/80 aggregate
  • On a transféré les grains de base obtenus en C par tapis roulant dans un malaxeur à refus dans lequel on y a associé un mélange de MBPR2 + super-plastifiant et de l’eau dans les proportions suivantes, en parties en poids : The base grains obtained in C were transferred by conveyor belt into a refusal mixer in which a mixture of super-plasticizer MBPR2 + and water was combined in the following proportions, in parts by weight:
    • Grains de base …………………………………… 75Basic grains …………………………………… 75
    • MBPR2 …………………………………………………………… 25MBPR2 …………………………………………………………… 25
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,05Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 15Water ………………………………………………………………… 15
  • On a stocké les granulats ainsi obtenus pour les utiliser après un laps de temps au moins égal à leur temps de maturation. The aggregates thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • Le MBPR2 étant moins résistant que le MBPR1, les grains de base ne se désintègrent pas en cas de brisure du granulat. Since MBPR2 is less resistant than MBPR1, the basic grains do not disintegrate if the granulate breaks.
  • Exemple 2 : Fabrication d’un granulat 8/12 Example 2 : Manufacture of an 8/12 aggregate
  • A – Préparation de fragments d’OM et OMR A - Preparation of OM and OMR fragments
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,A, excepté qu’après traitement par la composition de chaux vive, on a transféré la matière ainsi traitée sur une série ligne de broyeur industriel d’un passant maximum de 1 mm, pour obtenir des fragments d’OM/OMR d’une plus grande dimension de 1 mm. The procedure was as in Example 1, A, except that after treatment with the quicklime composition, the material thus treated was transferred to a series of industrial crusher lines with a maximum pass of 1 mm, to obtain OM / OMR fragments larger than 1 mm.
  • B – Préparation de cœurs de grains de base B - Preparation of basic grain cores
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1, B, excepté que l’on a utilisé du MBPR3, les proportions de mélange dans le malaxeur étant : The procedure was as in Example 1, B, except that MBPR3 was used, the mixing proportions in the mixer being:
    • Fragments d’OM/OMR ………………………… 85Fragments of OM / OMR ………………………… 85
    • MBPR3 …………………………………………………………… 15MBPR3 …………………………………………………………… 15
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,5Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.5
    • Eau …………………………………………………………………, 8Water …………………………………………………………………, 8
  • et qu’une fois l’amalgame réalisé, on a transféré celui-ci dans une extrudeuse sous presse hydraulique à grille de 3 mm pour fabriquer des cœurs de grains cylindriques de 3 mm d’épaisseur et de densité de 2,5.and once the amalgam was made, it was transferred to a 3mm grid hydraulic press extruder to make cylindrical grain cores 3mm thick and density 2.5.
  • On a stocké les cœurs de grains ainsi obtenus pour les utiliser après un laps de temps au moins égal à leur temps de maturation. The grain cores thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • C – Fabrication des grains de base C - Production of basic grains
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,C, excepté que les proportions de mélange étant les suivantes : The procedure was as in Example 1, C, except that the mixing proportions being as follows:
    • Cœurs de grains ………………………………… 170Hearts of grain ………………………………… 170
    • MBPR3 …………………………………………………………… 120MBPR3 …………………………………………………………… 120
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,1Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.1
    • Hydrofuge de masse ………………………… 0,05Mass water repellent ………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 7Water ………………………………………………………………… 7
  • D – Fabrication d’un granulat 8/12 D - Manufacture of an 8/12 aggregate
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,D, excepté que l’on a utilisé du MBPR4 et que les proportions de mélange étaient les suivantes : The procedure was as in Example 1, D, except that MBPR4 was used and the mixing proportions were as follows:
    • Grains de base ………………………………… 70Basic grains ………………………………… 70
    • MBPR4 …………………………………………………………… 30MBPR4 …………………………………………………………… 30
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,1Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.1
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 10Water ………………………………………………………………… 10
  • Le MBPR4 étant moins résistant que le MBPR3, les grains de base ne se désintègrent pas en cas de brisure du granulat.Since MBPR4 is less resistant than MBPR3, the basic grains do not disintegrate if the granulate breaks.
  • Exemple 3 : Fabrication d’un granulat 6/15 Example 3 : Manufacture of a 6/15 aggregate
  • A – Préparation de fragments d’OM et OMR A - Preparation of OM and OMR fragments
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,A, excepté qu’après traitement par la composition de chaux vive, on a transféré la matière ainsi traitée sur une série ligne de broyeur industriel d’un passant maximum de 1 mm. The procedure was as in Example 1, A, except that after treatment with the quicklime composition, the material thus treated was transferred to a series of industrial crusher lines with a maximum pass of 1 mm.
  • B – Préparation de cœurs de grains de base B - Preparation of basic grain cores
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,B, excepté que l’on a utilisé du MBPR5, les proportions de mélange dans le malaxeur étant : The procedure was as in Example 1, B, except that MBPR5 was used, the mixing proportions in the mixer being:
    • Fragments d’OM/OMR ………………………… 75Fragments of OM / OMR ………………………… 75
    • MBPR5 …………………………………………………………… 25MBPR5 …………………………………………………………… 25
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,1Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.1
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 9Water ………………………………………………………………… 9
  • et qu’une fois l’amalgame réalisé, on a transféré celui-ci dans une machine à fabriquer des comprimés de diamètre de 2 mm pour fabriquer des cœurs de grains cylindriques de 2 mm d’épaisseur et de densité de 2,5.and once the amalgam was made, it was transferred to a 2mm diameter tablet machine to make cylindrical grain cores 2mm thick and density 2.5.
  • On a stocké les cœurs de grains ainsi obtenus pour les utiliser après un laps de temps au moins égal à leur temps de maturation. The grain cores thus obtained were stored for use after a period of time at least equal to their maturation time.
  • C – Fabrication des grains de base C - Production of basic grains
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,C, excepté que l’on a utilisé du MBPR6, les proportions de mélange étaient les suivantes : The procedure was as in Example 1, C, except that MBPR6 was used, the mixing proportions were as follows:
    • Cœurs de grains ………………………………… 150Hearts of grains ………………………………… 150
    • MBPR6 …………………………………………………………… 150MBPR6 …………………………………………………………… 150
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,15Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.15
    • Hydrofuge de masse ………………………… 0,05Mass water repellent ………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 9Water ………………………………………………………………… 9
  • D – Fabrication d’un granulat 6/15 D - Manufacture of a 6/15 aggregate
  • On a procédé comme à l’Exemple 1,D, excepté que l’on a utilisé du MBPR7 et que les proportions de mélange étaient les suivantes : The procedure was as in Example 1, D, except that MBPR7 was used and the mixing proportions were as follows:
    • Grains de base ………………………………… 70Basic grains ………………………………… 70
    • MBPR7 …………………………………………………………… 30MBPR7 …………………………………………………………… 30
    • Super-plastifiant …………………………… 0,05Super-plasticizer …………………………… 0.05
    • Eau ………………………………………………………………… 12Water ………………………………………………………………… 12
  • Le MBPR7 étant moins résistant que le MBPR6, les grains de base ne se désintègrent pas en cas de brisure du granulat.Since MBPR7 is less resistant than MBPR6, the basic grains do not disintegrate if the granulate breaks.

Claims (12)

  1. – Grains de base destinés à être assemblés entre eux pour former des granules destinés à entrer dans la composition de matériaux de construction utiles dans le domaine du bâtiment, des travaux publics et du génie civil, caractérisés par le fait qu’ils consistent chacun en un cœur formé d’un agglomérat de fragments de déchets comprimés et associés entre eux par un micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté ayant subi une prise hydraulique, ledit cœur étant enfermé dans une coque formée par un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) ayant subi une prise hydraulique.- Basic grains intended to be assembled together to form granules intended to enter into the composition of construction materials useful in the field of building, public works and civil engineering, characterized by the fact that they each consist of a core formed from an agglomerate of compressed waste fragments and associated with each other by a micro-concrete with a carbonate hydraulic binder having undergone hydraulic setting, said core being enclosed in a shell formed by a micro-concrete with reactive powder (MBPR) having undergone a hydraulic plug.
  2. – Grains selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par le fait que les fragments de déchets sont issus de déchets choisis parmi les déchets ménagers (DM), les ordures ménagères résiduelles (OMR), les mélanges d’au moins deux parmi les DM et les OMR, les déchets de matières organiques, les déchets industriels, les déchets de boue, ou les mélanges de ces déchets, lesdits fragments ayant notamment été soumis à un traitement d’inertage, en particulier par une composition à base de chaux vive.- Grains according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste fragments are derived from waste chosen from household waste (DM), residual household waste (OMR), mixtures of at least two among DM and OMR , organic material waste, industrial waste, sludge waste, or mixtures of these wastes, said fragments having in particular been subjected to an inerting treatment, in particular with a composition based on quicklime.
  3. – Grains selon l’une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisés par le fait que le micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté qui a subi une prise hydraulique lors de la formation des cœurs des grains comporte les constituants suivants :
    (a) au moins l’un parmi un ciment carbonaté, de la chaux vive et de la chaux éteinte, à raison notamment de 10 à 50 parties en poids ;
    (b) un granulat à base de sable de granulométrie inférieure à 400 µm, à raison notamment de 90 à 50 parties en poids ;
    (c) le cas échéant au moins un adjuvant pour béton dans une quantité pouvant aller jusqu’à 5 parties en poids,
    les parties en poids de (a), (b) et (c) se rapportant à 100 parties en poids de (a)+(b),
    et que le micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) ayant subi une prise hydraulique pour la formation des coques comporte les constituants suivants :
    (d) au moins un ciment carbonaté, à raison notamment de 20 à 50 parties en poids ;
    (e) un granulat à base de sable de granulométrie inférieure à 400 µm, à raison notamment de 50 à 80 parties en poids ;
    (f) au moins une charge siliceuse de granulométrie inférieure à 100 µm, choisie notamment parmi les charges siliceuses sédimentaires, la cristobalite, la fumée de silice, la fumée de silice amorphe, la fumée de silice condensée, la microsilice et la nanosilice, à raison notamment de 1 à 30 parties en poids ;
    (g) au moins un adjuvant pour béton dans une quantité pouvant aller jusqu’à 5 parties en poids,
    les parties en poids de (d), (e), (f) et (g) se rapportant à 100 parties en poids de (d) + (e),
    les adjuvants pour bétons pouvant entrer dans la composition des micro-bétons et des micro-bétons à poudre réactive (MBPR) pouvant être choisis parmi les accélérateurs de prise, les retardateurs de prise, les entraîneurs d’air, les plastifiants, y compris les super-plastifiants, les pigments, les agents de mouture, les colloïdes et les hydrofuges de masse,
    le micro-béton assurant la liaison des fragments de déchets pouvant également être un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR) tel que défini ci-dessus.    - Grains according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the micro-concrete with carbonated hydraulic binder which has undergone hydraulic setting during the formation of the cores of the grains comprises the following constituents:
    (a) at least one of carbonated cement, quicklime and slaked lime, in particular in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight;
    (b) an aggregate based on sand with a particle size of less than 400 μm, in particular in an amount of 90 to 50 parts by weight;
    (c) where appropriate at least one admixture for concrete in an amount of up to 5 parts by weight,
    the parts by weight of (a), (b) and (c) relating to 100 parts by weight of (a) + (b),
    and that the reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) having undergone a hydraulic setting for the formation of the shells comprises the following constituents:
    (d) at least one carbonated cement, in particular in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight;
    (e) a sand-based aggregate with a particle size of less than 400 μm, in particular at a rate of 50 to 80 parts by weight;
    (f) at least one siliceous filler with a particle size of less than 100 μm, chosen in particular from sedimentary siliceous fillers, cristobalite, silica fume, amorphous silica fume, condensed silica fume, microsilica and nanosilica, to an amount in particular of 1 to 30 parts by weight;
    (g) at least one concrete admixture in an amount of up to 5 parts by weight,
    the parts by weight of (d), (e), (f) and (g) relating to 100 parts by weight of (d) + (e),
    admixtures for concrete which may enter into the composition of micro-concretes and reactive powder micro-concretes (MBPR) which may be chosen from setting accelerators, setting retarders, air entrainers, plasticizers, including superplasticizers, pigments, grinding agents, colloids and bulk water repellents,
    the micro-concrete ensuring the connection of the waste fragments can also be a reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR) as defined above.
  4. – Grains selon l’une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisés par le fait que le rapport en poids fragments de déchets:micro-béton assurant la liaison des fragments de déchets est compris entre 10:1 et 1:3. - Grains according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the weight ratio of waste fragments: micro-concrete ensuring the bonding of the waste fragments is between 10: 1 and 1: 3.
  5. – Grains selon l’une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés par le fait que le rapport en poids cœur:coque d’un grain est compris entre 15:1 et 1:3, étant notamment de 1:1 à 2:1.- Grains according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the core: shell weight ratio of a grain is between 15: 1 and 1: 3, being in particular from 1: 1 to 2: 1.
  6. – Grains selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisés par le fait que les fragments de déchets présentent chacun une plus grande dimension d’au plus 30 mm, étant notamment de 100 µm - 5 mm ; les cœurs ont une plus grande dimension de 100 - 500 mm ; et les coques, une épaisseur de 0,3 à 10 mm.- Grains according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the waste fragments each have a larger dimension of at most 30 mm, being in particular 100 µm - 5 mm; the cores have a larger dimension of 100 - 500 mm; and the shells, a thickness of 0.3 to 10 mm.
  7. – Granules constitués par l’assemblage d’au moins deux, en particulier de deux à vingt, grains de base tels que définis à l’une des revendications 1 à 6, les granules pouvant avoir des dimensions choisies pour constituer un ensemble de granules dont les dimensions sont réparties selon une courbe granulométrique pour former un granulat, ou bien un ensemble de granules, qui additionnés à un autre granulat tel qu’un granulat naturel, forment un granulat mixte.- Granules formed by the assembly of at least two, in particular from two to twenty, basic grains as defined in one of claims 1 to 6, the granules possibly having dimensions chosen to constitute a set of granules of which the dimensions are distributed according to a grain size curve to form an aggregate, or else a set of granules, which added to another aggregate such as a natural aggregate, form a mixed aggregate.
  8. – Granules selon la revendication 7, caractérisés par le fait que les grains de base d’un granule ont été assemblés par pression, collage ou liaison par un béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté ayant subi une prise hydraulique, tels qu’un micro-béton ou un micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR), par exemple un MBPR tel que défini à la revendication 3, ledit assemblage présentant notamment une moindre résistance à la compression/aux chocs que les grains de base.- Granules according to claim 7, characterized in that the basic grains of a granule have been assembled by pressure, gluing or bonding by a carbonated hydraulic binder concrete having undergone a hydraulic setting, such as a micro-concrete or a reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR), for example an MBPR as defined in claim 3, said assembly having in particular a lower resistance to compression / impact than the basic grains.
  9. – Procédé de fabrication de grains tels que définis à l’une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait qu’il comporte les étapes successives suivantes :
    • broyage des déchets en au moins une étape pour obtenir les fragments de déchets ;
    • le cas échéant, inertage des fragments de déchets ainsi obtenus en particulier par une composition de chaux vive ;
    • malaxage des fragments de déchets ainsi obtenus avec la composition du micro-béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté, les éventuels adjuvants et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique de celui-ci ;
    • obtention des cœurs de grains par moulage sous presse en blocs que l’on découpe le cas échéant, ou par extrusion sous presse, ou par pastillage dans une machine à fabriquer des comprimés ;
    • stockage des cœurs de grains au moins pendant le temps nécessaire à leur maturation, par exemple entre 10 et 30 jours ;
    • enrobage, pour obtenir les grains, des cœurs de grains ainsi obtenus par la composition du micro-béton à poudre réactive (MBPR), les éventuels adjuvants, et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique de celui-ci, ledit enrobage étant effectué par exemple par culbutage en tambour ou par pulvérisation sur les cœurs de grains ;
    • stockage des grains ainsi obtenus au moins pendant le temps nécessaire à leur maturation, par exemple entre 10 et 30 jours.
    - Process for manufacturing grains as defined in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following successive steps:
    • grinding of the waste in at least one step to obtain the waste fragments;
    • where appropriate, inerting the fragments of waste thus obtained, in particular with a composition of quicklime;
    • mixing of the fragments of waste thus obtained with the composition of the micro-concrete with a carbonated hydraulic binder, the possible additives and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic uptake of the latter;
    • obtaining grain cores by molding in a press into blocks which are cut if necessary, or by extrusion in a press, or by pelletizing in a tablet-making machine;
    • storage of the grain cores at least for the time necessary for their maturation, for example between 10 and 30 days;
    • coating, to obtain the grains, of the grain cores thus obtained by the composition of the reactive powder micro-concrete (MBPR), any additives, and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic setting thereof, said coating being carried out for example by tumbling into a drum or by spraying the grain cores;
    • storage of the grains thus obtained at least for the time necessary for their maturation, for example between 10 and 30 days.
  10. – Procédé de fabrication de granules tels que définis à l’une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé par l’assemblage entre eux des grains tels que définis à l’une des revendications 1 à 6 ou préparés par le procédé tel que défini à la revendication 9 pour former des granules, ces derniers étant formés par l’assemblage d’au moins deux grains, ledit assemblage étant effectué par pression, collage ou liaison par un béton à liant hydraulique carbonaté auquel cas on malaxe les grains dans un malaxeur avec la composition dudit béton, les éventuels adjuvants et la quantité d’eau nécessaire à la prise hydraulique, puis, lorsque le béton a fait adhérer les grains entre eux, on fait sortir ces derniers du malaxeur par refus en maîtrisant leur dimension. - Process for manufacturing granules as defined in one of claims 7 and 8, characterized by assembling together the grains as defined in one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared by the process as defined in claim 9 to form granules, the latter being formed by the assembly of at least two grains, said assembly being carried out by pressure, gluing or bonding by a concrete with a carbonated hydraulic binder in which case the grains are mixed in a mixer with the composition of said concrete, any additives and the quantity of water necessary for the hydraulic setting, then, when the concrete has made the grains adhere to each other, the latter are made to exit the mixer by refusal while controlling their size.
  11. – Procédé de fabrication d’un granulat par constitution d’un ensemble de granules de différentes dimensions tels que définis à l’une des revendications 7 et 8 ou préparés par le procédé tel que défini à la revendication 10. - A method of manufacturing an aggregate by constituting a set of granules of different dimensions as defined in one of claims 7 and 8 or prepared by the process as defined in claim 10.
  12. – Utilisation des grains tels que définis à l’une des revendications 1 à 6 ou préparés par le procédé tel que défini à la revendication 9, des granules tels que définis à l’une des revendications 7 et 8 ou préparés par le procédé tel que défini à la revendication 10 et des granulats préparés par le procédé tel que défini à la revendication 11, comme constituants d’une composition de matériaux de construction dans le domaine du bâtiment, des travaux publics et du génie civil, en particulier pour la construction de murs, sols, empierrements, et tous ouvrages en béton.- Use of grains as defined in one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared by the process as defined in claim 9, granules as defined in one of claims 7 and 8 or prepared by the process as defined in defined in claim 10 and aggregates prepared by the process as defined in claim 11, as constituents of a composition of building materials in the field of building, public works and civil engineering, in particular for the construction of walls, floors, stones, and all concrete structures.
EP20709319.6A 2019-02-11 2020-02-10 Grains which can be assembled with each other to form granules, granules obtained, manufacturing methods and use of the grains and granules in the field of building and public works Pending EP3924315A1 (en)

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FR1901351A FR3092578B1 (en) 2019-02-11 2019-02-11 GRAINS THAT CAN BE ASSEMBLED TO FORM GRANULES, GRANULES OBTAINED, METHODS OF MANUFACTURING AND USE OF GRAINS AND GRANULES IN THE FIELD OF BUILDING AND PUBLIC WORKS
PCT/IB2020/051023 WO2020165729A1 (en) 2019-02-11 2020-02-10 Grains which can be assembled with each other to form granules, granules obtained, manufacturing methods and use of the grains and granules in the field of building and public works

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CN112707666B (en) * 2020-12-30 2022-04-29 浙江钱塘江水利建筑工程有限公司 Special additive for hydraulic structure water-permeable pointing mortar and preparation and use methods thereof

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US4211738A (en) * 1977-07-25 1980-07-08 Gerhard Genis Lightweight aggregate
FR2472421A1 (en) * 1979-03-13 1981-07-03 Geronimo Hilaire Transforming garbage contg. cellulose into useful products - by reaction with calcium cpd., and agglomerating the reaction product
CH672309A5 (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-11-15 Catrel Sa
AT516171B1 (en) * 2014-11-04 2016-03-15 Rainer Staretschek High or ultra high performance concrete made of cement and aggregate
US10207954B2 (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-02-19 Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited Synthetic aggregate from waste materials

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WO2020165729A1 (en) 2020-08-20
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FR3092578B1 (en) 2021-02-19

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