EP3830430A1 - Anchoring device - Google Patents
Anchoring deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3830430A1 EP3830430A1 EP19742007.8A EP19742007A EP3830430A1 EP 3830430 A1 EP3830430 A1 EP 3830430A1 EP 19742007 A EP19742007 A EP 19742007A EP 3830430 A1 EP3830430 A1 EP 3830430A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor device
- surface wave
- wave unit
- communication interface
- base body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000154 gallium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBSCCQXBYNSKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead;oxomagnesium;2,4,5-trioxa-1$l^{5},3$l^{5}-diniobabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane 1,3-dioxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O.[Pb]=O.[Pb]=O.[Pb]=O.O1[Nb]2(=O)O[Nb]1(=O)O2 ZBSCCQXBYNSKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
- F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/246—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using acoustic waves
Definitions
- WO 2013/113586 describes an anchor system with a sensor for detecting an axial end position of an expansion sleeve.
- the invention relates to an anchor device, in particular a bolt anchor or egg NEN expansion plug, with a communication interface, via which at least one information can be provided to an external device. It is proposed that the communication interface have at least one surface wave unit for generating an acoustic surface wave. A powerful communication interface can advantageously be realized by means of the surface wave unit.
- An anchor device is to be understood in particular as a component or an arrangement of components for the train-safe connection or anchoring of components.
- the anchor device is preferably made of a tensile material, preferably be made of a metal.
- the anchor device is formed from attachable in a borehole.
- the anchor device is, in particular, non-positively and / or positively connected to the material in which the borehole is arranged.
- the anchor device is integrally connected to the material in which the borehole is arranged.
- the borehole is designed in particular as a substantially cylindrical borehole.
- the communication interface is designed in particular as a passive communication interface.
- a passive communication interface in particular, a communication interface can be understood that has no integrated or own energy supply and can be activated contactlessly by the external device.
- the communication interface is in particular designed to send out information in the form of an electrical signal or to transmit it to the external device. All surface waves are preferably designed to be passive.
- the information can be, for example, identification information by means of which the anchor device can be identified.
- the identification information can include, for example, type, model, manufacturer information and / or unambiguous identification.
- the information is in the form of anchor information, workpiece information, or the like.
- the anchor information can, for example, be information about which the state of the anchor device can be characterized, for example whether the anchor device is fastened sufficiently well in the borehole, whether the anchor device is correctly positioned, whether the anchor device is mechanically clamped and / or whether the anchor device has deformed or corroded.
- the workpiece information can be, for example, a temperature or a humidity of the workpiece in which the anchor device is fastened.
- the external device has a communication interface via which an electrical signal for data exchange can be generated.
- the external device is in particular designed as a battery-operated external device.
- the external Vorrich device can be formed, for example, as a hand tool, which is provided in particular for generating the borehole or for fastening the anchor device.
- the handheld power tool can be designed, for example, as a drill, as an impact drill, as a hammer drill, as a screwdriver, as a rotary impact screwdriver or the like.
- the external device is designed as a device provided specifically for reading out the anchor device or the communication interface of the anchor device.
- the external device is designed as a smartphone or a mobile computer, such as a laptop.
- the external device is designed as a stationary unit, which in the area of at least one anchor device, preferably in an area with a plurality of anchor devices. directions is installed.
- the external device designed as a stationary unit several anchor devices can advantageously be checked periodically by means of the communication interfaces in order to ensure that the anchoring is secure.
- the information provided via the communication interface can be monitored and evaluated when and / or after the anchor device is set, in order to store it in an infrastructure or to write it to a storage element connected to the communication interface.
- the anchor device can be monitored in particular via an external device designed as a hand tool.
- the monitoring or reading and evaluating can also take place at a distance of a few meters by means of a mobile external device.
- the storage element is designed as an RFID element and is intended to be modified and / or written by tools or hand-held machine tools placed near the anchor device.
- the storage takes place, for example, via a physical modification of a resistor or a capacitance, which in turn can be read out by the communication interface.
- the information provided via the communication interface can also be called up at a later point in time, in particular changes in the state of the anchor device and / or the workpiece can be monitored by means of the surface wave unit.
- An acoustic surface wave is to be understood in particular as a structure-borne sound wave that propagates planar on a surface or essentially in two dimensions.
- the surface wave unit has a piezo element and at least one first electrode structure, which are connected to one another in such a way that an electrical and / or magnetic signal, which is received in particular at the first electrode structure, generates an acoustic surface wave and / or one in particular the first electrode structure incoming surface acoustic wave an outgoing electrical and / or magnetic signal he produces.
- an electrical and magnetic signal is said to be a electromagnetic signal can be understood.
- the surface acoustic wave pro propagates or propagates linearly.
- a piezo element should in particular be understood to mean a piezoelectric material that generates an electrical voltage when deformed and, in turn, elastically deforms under an applied electrical voltage.
- the piezo element can consist of a piezoelectric crystal, such as quartz, lithium niobate or gallium orthophosphate, or of a piezoelectric ceramic, such as a lead zirconate titanate or a lead magnesium niobate.
- the electrode structure comprises electrical guiding elements, which can be made of metal or graphite, for example.
- the electrode structure comprises two finger-like structures which engage in one another.
- the electrode structure is preferably arranged on the piezo element; the electrode structure preferably lies on the piezo element.
- the first electrode structure forms an interdigital transducer on the piezo element.
- the electrical signal is designed in particular as an AC voltage.
- the surface wave unit has at least one reflector element and / or a delay element.
- the reflector element or the delay element are arranged on the piezo element of the surface acoustic wave unit.
- the reflector element or the delay element preferably each have at least two electrical guide elements which extend parallel to one another.
- the reflector element is designed to at least partially reflect the acoustic surface wave.
- the delay element is designed to delay propagation of the surface wave.
- the reflector element and the delay element are preferably arranged such that the surface acoustic wave is influenced in such a way that identification information can be provided on the first electrode structure by means of the electrical signal generated.
- the surface acoustic wave unit has at least one second electrode structure which is connected to a sensor.
- the surface wave unit can advantageously be coupled to a conventional sensor.
- the second electrode structure is arranged in particular on the same piezo element as the first electrode structure.
- the second electrode structure preferably forms a second interdigital transducer on the piezo element.
- the second electrode structure is in particular electrically connected to the sensor.
- the sensor be designed to cause a change in a capacitance, an inductance and / or a resistance of the second electrode structure depending on a physical measured variable.
- the surface acoustic wave can advantageously be changed as a function of the physical measured variable.
- the physical measured variable can be configured, for example, as a moisture in the area of the surface wave unit, a pressure or stress acting on the surface wave unit, a deflection of the surface wave unit, a vibration in the area of the surface wave unit, a movement or deflection of the surface wave unit or the like.
- the sensor can be designed as a capacitive sensor, as an inductive sensor or as a resistive sensor. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the sensor is designed as a sound-based sensor.
- the surface wave unit has at least one reference element.
- the reference element has at least one electrical guide element.
- the reference element can be formed identically to the second electrode structure and, in contrast to the second electrode structure, has no connection to a sensor.
- the reference element in particular by comparing the acoustic surface wave reflected on the second electrode structure and on the reference element or outgoing electrical signals, can advantageously be determined and compensated for.
- the anchor device can have one or more surface wave units.
- the surface acoustic wave units can be of the same or different design, in which context “different” should be understood in particular to mean that the surface acoustic wave units have different sensors.
- an electrical signal emanating from a surface wave unit is received by an additional surface wave unit as an incoming electrical signal; this advantageously allows the range of the electrical signal to be increased.
- the anchor device have a base body which, in the fastened state, is at least partially arranged in a borehole, where the surface wave unit is arranged in particular on the base body.
- the Base body has a fastening area which is arranged inside the borehole in the fastened state.
- the surface wave unit can be arranged on a lateral surface of the base body or on an end face of the base body, preferably in the fastening area.
- the base body can have a free area which is arranged outside the borehole in the fastened state.
- the anchor device in the free area has a tension receiving element, via which a tensile force can be introduced onto the base body.
- the Switzerland fortunele element can for example be designed as a thread.
- the base body of the anchor device is preferably formed as a single component.
- the surface wave unit preferably forms part of the outer surface of the base body.
- the surface acoustic wave unit is at least partially, in particular completely, arranged within the base body.
- the anchor device has at least one fastening element that is designed to be movable relative to the base body, the surface wave unit being arranged on the fastening element.
- the fastening element is preferably movably connected to the base body in the fastening region thereof.
- the fastening element is in particular designed as an expansion element which moves radially outward when a tensile force is applied to the base body.
- the surface acoustic wave unit can be arranged between the fastening element and the base body.
- the surface shaft unit can also be arranged on a side facing away from the base body.
- the surface wave unit can partially form the outer surface of the fastening element or alternatively can be arranged within the fastening element.
- the invention relates to a system consisting of an anchor device as described above and an elastic element, the elastic element being able to be arranged in the borehole in such a way that the elastic element bears against the surface wave unit.
- the elastic element advantageously enables an alternative possibility for measuring the fastening of the anchor device.
- the elastic element applies a force to the anchor device or the surface wave unit when the anchor device is fastened.
- the elastic element can be connected to the anchor device, for example in a material connection, so that the elastic table element can be used together with the anchor device in the borehole.
- first the elastic element and, in a second step, the anchor device can be ice-wetted into the borehole.
- the elastic element can be designed as an elastic plastic, for example a rubber, as a gel or as an oil.
- the elastic element is designed as a balloon element.
- the balloon element preferably has an elastic envelope made of plastic, in which a gas or a liquid is arranged.
- the invention relates to a washer or a nut with a communication interface via which at least information can be provided to an external device. It is proposed that the communication interface have at least one surface wave unit for generating an acoustic surface wave.
- the washer and / or the nut are formed in particular for fastening the anchor device by means of the tension receiving element of the anchor device.
- the surface wave unit is advantageously arranged on a side of the washer or the nut facing the washer, in order to advantageously determine a measurement of the contact pressure between the two components via the surface wave unit.
- the invention relates to a method for transmitting information from an anchor device to an external device, comprising the following steps:
- the invention relates to a method for reading out information from an anchor device, comprising the following steps:
- the information based on a frequency, a speed, a phase and / or an amplitude of the acoustic surface wave is determined.
- a change in the frequency, the speed, the phase and / or the amplitude of the surface acoustic wave can advantageously determine one or more physical measured variables, such as the temperature, the humidity, the pressure, etc., in the area of the surface wave unit on the anchor device become.
- the invention further relates to an external device which is set up to carry out a method as described above.
- Fig. La is a side view of a first embodiment of an anchor device with a communication interface in the used to stand;
- Fig. Lb is a side view of the anchor device of FIG la in the fastened state.
- Fig. Lc a section through the communication interface
- Fig. Id is a schematic layout of the surface acoustic wave unit
- FIG. 2a shows a side view of a second embodiment of the anchor device
- FIG. 2b shows a schematic layout of a first surface wave unit of the anchor device according to FIG. 2a;
- FIG. 2c shows a schematic layout of a second surface wave unit of the anchor device according to FIG. 2a;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic layout of a further alternative embodiment of a surface wave unit
- Fig. 4 is a side view of a system consisting of an anchor device and an elastic element.
- FIG. 1a and 1b each show a side view of an anchor device 10 according to the invention with a communication interface 100.
- the anchor device 10 is particularly designed for mounting heavy-duty components 12 on walls or ceilings.
- a borehole 14 is first produced in a workpiece 16 by means of a hand tool (not shown) designed as a hammer drill.
- the workpiece 16 is designed, for example, as a concrete wall.
- the anchor device 10 consists of a metallic material, in particular stainless steel.
- the heavy-duty component 12 is first positioned on the wall.
- the anchor device 10 is inserted through an assembly opening 18 of the heavy-duty construction part 12 into the borehole 14, so that a fastening region 20 of the anchor device 10 is arranged within the borehole 14.
- the Ankervor device 10 has a front end 22 which is arranged in the hole 14 in the fastened hole.
- the anchor device 10 has a rear end 24 opposite the end 22 thereof. The rear end 24 is arranged in the fastened state in an open area 26 which extends outside of the borehole 14.
- the anchor device 10 has a base body 28 which has a substantially cylindrical shape.
- the base body 28 extends from the fastening area 20 into the free area 26.
- the base body 28 extends from the front end 22 to the rear end 24 over the entire length of the anchor device 10.
- the base body 28 is formed in one piece in a playful manner.
- one-piece is to be understood in particular to mean that the base body 28 is produced from a single piece and thus does not consist of several components which are connected to one another in a force-fitting, form-fitting and / or material-locking manner.
- the base body 28 has a tension receiving element 30, via which a train force can be introduced onto the base body 28.
- the cable take-up element 30 is playfully designed as a thread 32 or as an external thread.
- the train receiving element 30 can, depending on the depth of penetration of the anchor device 10 in the borehole 14, be arranged partially or completely in the free area 26.
- the anchor device 10 has a fastening element 33.
- the fastening element 33 is connected to the base body 28.
- the fastening element 33 is connected to the base body 28 such that the fastening element 33 is movable out relative to the base body 28.
- the fastening element 33 is axially movably mounted on the base body 28.
- the fastening element 33 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape and encloses the base body 28 in the fastening region 20.
- the fastening element 33 like the base body 28, is formed out of metal.
- the anchor device 10 consists of the base body 28 and the fastening element 33.
- the fastening element 33 is designed to be slotted.
- the fastening element 33 has two slots 34, which are preferably arranged opposite one another.
- the slots 34 extend parallel to a longitudinal axis 36 of the anchor device 10.
- the slots 34 begin on a front side, facing the front end 22 of the anchor device 10, of the fastening element 33.
- the length of the slots 34 is selected such that the fastening element 33 is spreadable under the action of force.
- the length of the slots 34 can be in a range between 10% and 90% of the length of the fastening element 33 and, in the embodiment shown, is approximately 50% of the length of the fastening element 33 by way of example.
- the fastening element 33 is designed as an expansion sleeve 35, for example.
- the anchor device 10 is shown in the inserted state, in which the anchor device 10 is detachably arranged in the borehole 14.
- the kervvoruze 10 is shown in the attached state, in which the anchor device 10 is no longer detachably arranged in the borehole 14 without tools.
- the anchor device 10 is first connected to a washer 40, which is pushed onto the base body 28, in particular onto the free area 26 of the base body 28.
- the next step is to become a mother 42 with the anchor device 10, in particular with the base body 28 of the anchor device 10, connected.
- the nut 42 has an internal thread, not shown, which corresponds to the tension-receiving element 30, embodied as a thread 32, of the anchor device 10 or of the base body 28.
- the nut 42 is screwed onto the anchor device 10 until the nut 42 abuts on the washer 40 and the washer 40 on the heavy-duty component 12. Then using a tool such as a
- the base body 28 of the anchor device 10 has a thickening 48.
- the outer diameter of the base body 28 is enlarged.
- the base body 28 thus has at least two regions with different outside diameters.
- the base body 28 has a larger outer diameter in the area of the thickening 48 than in the area in which the base body 28 is enclosed by the fastening element 33 in the inserted state.
- a transition 50 between the smaller outside diameter and the larger outside diameter in the area of the thickening 48 is preferably continuous, and thus not erratic.
- the transition 50 can, for example, be conically designed.
- the thickening 48 at the front end 22 of the base body 28 moves in the direction of the fastening element 33.
- the thickening 48 is pushed into the fastening element 33 with the transition 50 first, whereby by the increasing outer diameter of the thickening 48 or the transition 50 acts on the outside, in particular radially outward, force 52 acting on the fastening element 33.
- This force 52 results in a radial relative movement of the fastening element 33 relative to the base body 28, which essentially speaks ent spreading.
- the axially acting tensile force 46 can thus be converted into a radially acting force 52, which is provided to fasten the anchor device 10 in the borehole.
- An outer surface 54 of the fastening element 33 acts on an inner surface 56 of the borehole 14 with a force which is essentially proportional to the applied tensile force 46.
- the communication interface 100 of the anchor device 10 is arranged, for example, in the region of the rear end 24.
- the communication interface 100 is arranged on a rear side 57, which extends essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 36 of the anchor device 10.
- the communication interface 100 is embedded, for example, in a recess 58 of the base body 28 of the anchor device 10.
- the communication interface 100 has a surface wave unit 102 for generating an acoustic surface wave.
- the surface wave unit 102 is designed as a “one-port resonator” known to the person skilled in the art.
- the surface wave unit 102 has a piezo element 104 and a first electrode structure 106.
- the first electrode structure 106 is arranged on the piezo element 104.
- the first electrode structure 106 rests on the piezo element 104 and is integrally connected to it.
- the piezo element 104 consists of a piezoelectric material, for example quartz.
- the first electrode structure 106 comprises two electrical guide elements 108, which interlock with one another in a finger-like manner.
- the electrical guide elements 108 consist of a metal, for example of gold.
- the first electrode structure 106 is designed as an interdigital transducer.
- the first electrode structure 106 is designed in such a way that a of the electrical signal 68, for example an alternating voltage, is converted into an acoustic surface wave which propa on the piezo element 104.
- the incoming electrical signal 68 can be generated by an external device 60.
- the external device can be designed, for example, as a mobile reading device 62, a smartphone 64 or as a handheld power tool 44.
- the external device comprises a communication interface 66 via which an electrical signal 68 can be sent to the communication interface 100 of the anchor device 10 and / or an electrical signal 70 can be received by the communication interface 100 of the anchor device 10.
- the external device 60 preferably has at least one computing unit for processing the electrical signal 70, wherein information can be determined via the electrical signal 70 of the communication interface.
- the incoming and outgoing signal 68, 70 is designed as an electrical signal, for example.
- the incoming and outgoing signal 68, 70 are designed as a magnetic or an electromagnetic signal.
- the surface wave unit 102 also has a reflector element 110 for reflecting the surface acoustic wave. Furthermore, the surface wave unit 102 has, for example, two delay elements 112, which are designed for partial reflection and / or for delaying or adapting the properties of the surface acoustic wave.
- the delay elements 112 and the reflector element 110 consist of electrical guide elements 108, which are also made of gold, for example. The delay elements 112 and the reflector element 110 are applied to the piezo element 104.
- the surface acoustic wave generated by the first electrode structure 106 is reflected back by the delay elements 112 and the reflector element 110 to the first electrode structure 106.
- the surface acoustic wave arriving at the first electrode 106 is converted into an outgoing electrical signal 70 which can be received by the external device 60.
- Information is provided via the outgoing electrical signal 70, which is designed, for example, as identification information. Due to the number and the arrangement or the spacing of the delay elements 112 and the reflector element 110, the reflected acoustic surface wave is delayed during its propagation and / or its amplitude / frequency / phase is adaptable so that the outgoing electrical signal 70 is characteristic is such that the anchor device 10 can be identified by the external device 60 via the outgoing electrical signal 70.
- the communication interface 100 can be arranged in the free area 26 or in the fastening area 20.
- the free area 26 it is conceivable, for example, that the communication interface 100 is arranged on a lateral surface of the base body 28 and / or on the tension receiving element 30.
- the fastening area 20 it is conceivable, for example, that the communication interface 100 is arranged on the lateral surface of the base body 28, in particular between the thickening 38 and the pulling element 30.
- the communication interface 100 is arranged on the end face 72 of the anchor device 10, which is located at the front end 22 of the anchor device 10 and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 36 of the anchor device 10. It is also conceivable for the communication interface 100 to be arranged in the region of the thickening 48 or the transition 50 of the thickening 50 and to face the inner surface 56 of the borehole 14. It is also conceivable that the communication interface 100 is arranged on an inner surface of the fastening element 33 or on the outer surface 54 of the fastening element 33.
- the outgoing electrical signal 70 provides at least one additional item of information.
- the surface acoustic wave can be influenced via the temperature or an applied pressure, applied shear forces or the like. Changes to the properties of the surface acoustic wave in turn result in a change in the outgoing electrical signal 70, with physical parameters such as the temperature in the area of the surface wave unit 102 or applied forces, via the external device 60 based on the changes in the electrical signal 70 can be determined.
- Fig. 2a is a side view of a second embodiment of the anchor device 100 is shown.
- the anchor device 100a differs in particular by the design of the communication interface 100a and the arrangement of the communication interface 100a on the anchor device 10a.
- the anchor device 100a is shown in the attached state.
- the communication interface 100a is arranged, for example, on the outer surface 54a of the fastening element 33a of the anchor device 10a.
- the communication interface 100a or the surface wave unit 102a applies a force to the inner surface 56 of the borehole 14 in the workpiece 16.
- the surface wave unit 102a is explained in more detail with reference to the schematic layout shown in FIG. 2b.
- the surface wave unit 102a is designed as a “two-port resonator” known to the person skilled in the art.
- the surface shaft unit 102a has a first electrode structure 106a and a second electrode structure 114a, which are arranged on the same piezo element 104a.
- the first electrode structure 106a and the second electrode structure 114a are designed as interdigital transducers.
- the first electrode structure 106a is designed to convert an incoming electrical signal 68a, which is provided by an external device 60a, into a surface acoustic wave.
- the surface acoustic wave propagates on the piezo element 104a to the second electrode structure 114a.
- the second electrode structure 114a is designed to convert an incoming surface wave into an outgoing electrical signal 70a, which provides information to the external device 60a.
- the second electrode structure 114a comprises two electrical guiding elements 108a which interlock like fingers.
- the second electrode structure 114a is connected to a sensor 116a.
- the sensor 116a is designed as a capacitive sensor 118a.
- sensor 116a is designed as a pressure sensor.
- the sensor 116a is designed such that a pressure acting on the surface wave unit 102a or on the sensor 116a causes a change in the capacitance of the sensor 116a.
- the sensor 116a is connected to the second electrode structure 114a in such a way that a change in the capacitance of the sensor 116a causes a change in the capacitance of the second electrode structure 114a.
- a change in the capacitance of the second electrode structure 114a causes a change in the outgoing electrical signal 70a, so that information regarding the pressure present is provided via the outgoing electrical signal 70a.
- the pressure applied to the surface wave unit 102a can advantageously be used to determine how good the attachment of the anchor device is, and thus an anchor state.
- the communication interface 100a or the surface wave unit 102a is advantageously arranged such that a force acting from the base body 28a on the fastening element 33a or a force acting on the workpiece 16 from the fastening element 33a can be measured.
- An arrangement on the base body 28a as well as on the fastening element 33a of the anchor device 10a is thus conceivable.
- the anchor device 10a may have one or more surface wave units.
- the surface wave units can be designed to provide the same or different information.
- the anchor device according to FIG. 2a has a second surface shaft unit 120a, which is also arranged on the outer surface 54a of the fastening element 33a of the anchor device 10a.
- a schematic layout of the second surface unit 120a is shown in FIG. 2c.
- the structure of the second surface wave unit 120a essentially corresponds to the surface wave unit 102a described above with a first and a second electrode structure 106a, 114a, but differs in the sensor 116a connected to the second electrode structure 114a.
- the sensor 116a of the second electrode structure 114a of the second surface wave unit 120a is designed as a resistance-dependent sensor 122a.
- the sensor 116a of the second surface wave unit 120a is designed as a moisture sensor, with a change in the resistance of the resistance-dependent sensor 122a depending on the moisture in the region of the second surface wave unit 120a.
- the sensor 116a is connected to the second electrode structure 114a of the second surface wave unit 120a in such a way that a change in the resistance of the sensor 116a causes a change in the resistance of the second electrode structure 114a.
- a change in the resistance of the second electrode structure 114a causes a change of the outgoing electrical signal 70a, so that information regarding the moisture is provided via the outgoing electrical signal 70a.
- information regarding the status of the workpiece can also advantageously be provided via the communication interface 100a.
- the anchor device 10a has two, three or more surface wave units 102a with sensors 116a, which are designed as capacitive pressure sensors 118a, which are preferably evenly spaced in the circumferential direction in order to advantageously apply the force on different sides of the anchor device 10a to investigate.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic layout of an alternative embodiment of the surface acoustic wave unit 102a.
- the surface wave unit 102b has a first electrode structure 106b and a second electrode structure 114b, which are arranged on a piezo element 104b. Furthermore, the surface wave unit 102b has a reference element 124b, which is also arranged on the piezo element 104b.
- the first electrode structure 106b is designed to convert an incoming electrical signal 70b, which is provided by an external device, into a surface acoustic wave.
- the surface acoustic wave propagates on the piezo element 104b to the second electrode structure 114b and to the reference element 124b.
- the second electrode structure 114b is designed to convert an incoming surface wave into an outgoing electrical signal 70b, which provides information to the external device.
- the second electrode structure 114b is connected to a sensor 116b.
- the sensor 116b is designed as a capacitive sensor 118b.
- the reference element 124b comprises two electrical conduction elements 108b, which interlock like fingers.
- the reference element 124b is designed to convert an incoming surface wave into an outgoing electrical reference signal 71b, which provides reference information to the external device. A more precise information can advantageously be determined by comparing the electrical signal 70b of the second electrode structure 114b and the electrical reference signal 71b of the reference element 124b.
- FIG. 4 shows a side view of an alternative anchor device 10c.
- the anchor device 10c has a communication interface 100c with a surface wave unit 102c, which is arranged at the front end 22c of the anchor device 10c, in particular on the end face 72c of the base body 28c of the anchor device 10c.
- the surface wave unit 102c essentially corresponds to the surface wave unit 102b of the previous embodiment with a sensor designed as a capacitive pressure sensor.
- the anchor device 10c is shown in a fastened state, the anchor device 10c not completely filling the borehole 14 axially, so that a cavity 15 is arranged between the anchor device 10c and the borehole 14.
- a length 74 of the cavity 15 essentially corresponds to a difference between a borehole depth of the borehole 14 and a penetration depth of the anchor device 10c.
- a diameter of the cavity 15 corresponds essentially to a diameter of the borehole 14.
- An elastic element 126b is arranged in the cavity 15, which essentially fills the cavity 15.
- the elastic element can be inserted into the borehole 14 before the insertion of the anchor device 10c or at the front end 22 of the anchor device 10c in order to insert the elastic element 126b together with the anchor device 10c into the borehole 14.
- the elastic element 126b is designed, for example, as a balloon element and has a plastic sleeve 128b, in which a compressible liquid 130b is enclosed.
- the elastic element 126b In the relaxed state, the elastic element 126b has a larger volume than the cavity 15.
- the elastic element 126b bears on one side at the bottom of the borehole and on an opposite side at the anchor device 10c, in particular at the surface wave unit 102c thereby compressed.
- a force acts on the anchor device 10c, in particular on the surface wave unit 102c.
- this force influences the outgoing electrical signal 70c, which is provided to the external device and which, based on the electrical signal 70c, can determine the depth of penetration of the anchor device 10c and / or the distance of the anchor device 10c from the bottom of the borehole.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018212558.9A DE102018212558A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | anchoring device |
PCT/EP2019/068981 WO2020020682A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-15 | Anchoring device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3830430A1 true EP3830430A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
Family
ID=67352526
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19742007.8A Pending EP3830430A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-15 | Anchoring device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210355977A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3830430A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112513476A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018212558A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020020682A1 (en) |
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DE102022109187A1 (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-19 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Screw connection |
CN116950701B (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2024-03-26 | 中山大学 | Rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device |
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-
2019
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- 2019-07-15 WO PCT/EP2019/068981 patent/WO2020020682A1/en unknown
- 2019-07-15 CN CN201980050565.1A patent/CN112513476A/en active Pending
- 2019-07-15 EP EP19742007.8A patent/EP3830430A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20210355977A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
WO2020020682A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
CN112513476A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
DE102018212558A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
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