EP3802900A1 - Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP3802900A1
EP3802900A1 EP19724164.9A EP19724164A EP3802900A1 EP 3802900 A1 EP3802900 A1 EP 3802900A1 EP 19724164 A EP19724164 A EP 19724164A EP 3802900 A1 EP3802900 A1 EP 3802900A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
internal combustion
combustion engines
engines
cast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19724164.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Weiss
Laszlo Pelsoeczy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Original Assignee
Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH filed Critical Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Publication of EP3802900A1 publication Critical patent/EP3802900A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0084—Pistons  the pistons being constructed from specific materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F2003/0007—Monolithic pistons; One piece constructions; Casting of pistons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines and the use of a piston for internal combustion engines.
  • pistons are e.g. for passenger car diesel engines by means of HIW welding of a forged steel lower part and a steel upper part machined from a bar stock. After pre-machining the two parts, in which the cooling channel required for the piston is machined, they are joined using a friction welding or HIW process, then heat-treated and finished.
  • forged steel material is used in the manufacture of the corresponding steel pistons and several components are usually connected to one another using a thermal joining process.
  • this manufacturing method is comparatively complex and expensive.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is consequently an inexpensive and reliable alternative to forged pistons made of steel, in particular pistons for internal combustion engines and made of several parts, which are joined by thermal joining processes (welding processes) especially car diesel engine pistons.
  • This object is achieved by the piston according to claim 1, which is cast in one piece and consists of almost fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite as the piston material.
  • “Cast in one piece” here means that the piston consists of one piece and not of several joined parts and that this one-piece piston as a whole has been produced entirely by casting.
  • piston blanks in particular for but not limited to passenger car diesel engines, are produced in one piece from spheroidal cast iron by means of a casting process.
  • this master form technology the number of work steps in the production of a corresponding piston can be reduced compared to a production from several parts from a steel raw material. Problems can also be avoided in this one-piece production of the piston by means of a casting process, which would otherwise typically occur in the case of production from multiple parts and the joining thereof.
  • the cooling channel in the piston among other things, can be carried out comparatively inexpensively by using a lost core. This eliminates the need for time-consuming, separate machining processes.
  • An essential aspect of the present invention is the use of a high-strength and at the same time inexpensive cast material.
  • a fully pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron is used as the piston material, which achieves or even exceeds the properties specified in DIN EN 1563: 2012-03 for the material EN-GJS-700-2.
  • the piston material or the piston material according to the invention is optimized with regard to increased thermal stability. This significantly increases the tensile strength and fatigue strength (HCF) at operating temperatures of 500 ° C and above.
  • the piston according to the invention therefore has at least the positive properties, such as pistons, made from the materials GJS-700-2 or GJS-800-2 are manufactured.
  • the microstructure of the piston material in the cast state is fully pearlitic and, in contrast to the standardized materials (GJS), the material according to the invention is stabilized overall via the elements Cu, Sn, Ni and Sb, which suppress carbon diffusion in iron and stabilize pearlite at operating temperatures ,
  • the attribute "almost fully pearlitic” is to be understood to mean that micro-structural and in the structure of the piston material predominantly fully pearlitic cast iron with nodular graphite can be found. Accordingly, other phases can only be found to a small extent and proportion.
  • the structure of the piston material of the diesel engine piston according to the invention has an even distribution Graphite with predominantly spherical morphology and as matrix pearlite, partly with small ferrite areas around the graphite phases.
  • the free ferrite content is ⁇ 2.6%, preferably ⁇ 1.0% and more preferably ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the piston material of the piston according to the invention has only very small proportions of phases which differ from the fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite.
  • One of these can be ferrite, the total content of which is below about 3.0%.
  • the ferrite content is preferably ⁇ 1.0%, and local accumulations of ferrite can occur, where its content can be up to 2.6%. These accumulations occur particularly near the cast core or the feeder.
  • the piston material of the piston according to the invention advantageously has the following constituents / elements in percent by weight (% by weight): C: 3.23 preferably 3.4 to 3.81 preferably 3.8; Si: 2.2 to 3.23, preferably 3.0; Mn: 0.04, preferably 0.2 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054, preferably 0.04; P: ⁇ 0.1; S: 0 to 0.020, preferably 0.007; Cr: ⁇ 0.1; Ni: ⁇ 0.1; Mo: ⁇ 0.05; Nb: ⁇ 0.1; Cu: 0.4 to 1.0; Pb: ⁇
  • 0.135 preferably 0.1; V: ⁇ 0.1; Sb: d 0.002 and the balance iron and unavoidable contamination or optionally consists of it.
  • the piston material of the piston according to the invention also advantageously has the following constituents / elements in percent by weight (% by weight): C: 3.23 to 3.81; Si: 2.2 to 3.23; Mn: 0.04 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054; P: 0.005 to 0.1; S: 0.003 to 0.020; Cr: 0.01 to 0.1; Ni: 0.006 to 0.1; Mon: 0.002 to 0.05; Nb: ⁇ 0.1; Cu: 0.4 to 1.0; Pb: ⁇
  • the piston material of the piston according to the invention has the following constituents / elements C in weight percent (% by weight): 3.23 to 3.81; Si: 2.2 to 3.23; Mn: 0.04 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054; P: ⁇ 0.1; S: 0 to 0.020; Cr: ⁇ 1.0; Ni: ⁇ 1.0; Mo: ⁇ 0.5; Nb: ⁇ 0.3; Cu: 0.3 to 2.0; Pb: ⁇ 0.009; W: ⁇ 1.0; Ti: ⁇ 0.015; Sn: 0.05 to
  • V ⁇ 1.0
  • Sb ⁇ 0.05 and the balance iron and unavoidable contamination or optionally consists of it.
  • the piston material consists of one of the aforementioned alloys, i.e. it has no other components or chemical elements in effective and functional contents.
  • the composition of the piston material of the piston is characterized in particular by the fact that elements are specifically mixed therein that reduce or prevent the diffusion of carbon in steel.
  • the contents of copper (Cu), tin (Sn) and nickel (Ni) according to the invention are to be seen in particular as such functional additions.
  • it is a particularly good high-temperature stabilization achieved by suppressing the carbon diffusion, which is associated with corresponding advantageous properties for the internal combustion engine piston as a whole.
  • a piston in particular a piston as described above, for internal combustion engines and in particular for "Light Vehicle Diesel” (LVD), "Heavy Duty” (HD) e.g. Truck and with diameters up to about 145 mm and "large bore” diesel engines, for example large piston engines in ships or for stationary applications.
  • the piston according to the present invention is therefore not only limited to pistons for comparatively small passenger car diesel engines, but can also be used for larger engines and also be manufactured and used for gasoline and gas engines.
  • a concrete example of a piston material according to the present invention is an essentially fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite, which consists in weight percent of the following elements C: 3.7; Si: 2.6; Mn: 0.3; Mg: 0.03; P: 0.02; S: 0.01; Cr: 0.05; Ni: 0.03; Mo: 0.01; Nb: 0.01; Cu: 0.6; Pb: 0.001; B: 0.0001; W: 0.001; Ti: 0.01; Sn: 0.06; V: 0.1 and as the remainder Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  • a passenger car diesel engine piston was cast using the gravity sand casting process and the following chemical composition was determined in% by weight thereof: C: 3.38%; Si: 3.05%; Mn: 0.160%; P: 0.065%; S: 0.007%; Cr: 0.025%; V: 0.006%; Mo: 0.005%; Ni: 0.015%; Cu: 0.737%; Mg: 0.054%; Ti: 0.0084%; W: 0.0050%; Sn: 0.0980%; Nb: 0.0048%; Al: 0.0219%; Ca: 0.0013%; Pb: 0.0006%; N: 0.0077%; Co: 0.0065%; As: 0.0057%; Bi: 0.0018%; Ce: 0.0164%; Sb: 0, 0007%; Te: 0.0010%; La: 0.0032%; Zn: 0.0004%.
  • Tables 1 and 2 below list a series of compositions (samples 1 to 11) of cast alloys which represent the piston material of the piston according to the invention and were determined on appropriately manufactured pistons.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un piston de moteur diesel, qui est coulé en une partie et est constitué de fonte quasiment totalement perlitique à graphite sphéroïdal en tant que matériau de piston. Par ailleurs, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un piston de moteur diesel de ce type pour des moteurs diesel « de véhicules légers », des moteurs diesel « lourds » et des moteurs diesel « de gros calibre ».
EP19724164.9A 2018-06-11 2019-05-10 Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne Pending EP3802900A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018209267.2A DE102018209267A1 (de) 2018-06-11 2018-06-11 Kolben für Verbrennungsmotoren und Verwendung eines Kolbens für Verbrennungsmotoren
PCT/EP2019/062035 WO2019238321A1 (fr) 2018-06-11 2019-05-10 Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3802900A1 true EP3802900A1 (fr) 2021-04-14

Family

ID=66542249

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19724164.9A Pending EP3802900A1 (fr) 2018-06-11 2019-05-10 Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11391237B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3802900A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN112135916B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018209267A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019238321A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7278157B2 (ja) * 2019-06-26 2023-05-19 株式会社神戸製鋼所 片状黒鉛鋳鉄材およびその切削加工方法、ならびに片状黒鉛鋳鉄部材およびその製造方法
CN111218610B (zh) * 2019-11-29 2021-07-20 西安理工大学 一种铝、镁合金压铸模具专用材料及其制备方法
CN112359272B (zh) * 2020-11-03 2021-08-10 广东新兴铸管有限公司 一种高纯净度铁水配方及其制备方法
CN113897534B (zh) * 2021-10-06 2022-08-23 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 一种韧性和高温性能优异的球墨铸铁及其应用
CN113897535B (zh) * 2021-10-06 2022-08-26 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 一种兼具韧性和高温性能的球墨铸铁及其制备方法
CN114411048B (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-09-23 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 一种铸态铁素体球墨铸铁件

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DE2253868B2 (de) * 1972-11-03 1980-11-20 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuernberg Ag, 8500 Nuernberg Einteiliger, mit einer Pleuelstange verbundener Gußeisenkolben
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018209267A1 (de) 2019-12-12
CN112135916A (zh) 2020-12-25
CN112135916B (zh) 2022-07-15
US20210231080A1 (en) 2021-07-29
WO2019238321A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
US11391237B2 (en) 2022-07-19

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