EP3802900A1 - Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents
Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interneInfo
- Publication number
- EP3802900A1 EP3802900A1 EP19724164.9A EP19724164A EP3802900A1 EP 3802900 A1 EP3802900 A1 EP 3802900A1 EP 19724164 A EP19724164 A EP 19724164A EP 3802900 A1 EP3802900 A1 EP 3802900A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- internal combustion
- combustion engines
- engines
- cast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
- B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F2003/0007—Monolithic pistons; One piece constructions; Casting of pistons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines and the use of a piston for internal combustion engines.
- pistons are e.g. for passenger car diesel engines by means of HIW welding of a forged steel lower part and a steel upper part machined from a bar stock. After pre-machining the two parts, in which the cooling channel required for the piston is machined, they are joined using a friction welding or HIW process, then heat-treated and finished.
- forged steel material is used in the manufacture of the corresponding steel pistons and several components are usually connected to one another using a thermal joining process.
- this manufacturing method is comparatively complex and expensive.
- the basic idea of the present invention is consequently an inexpensive and reliable alternative to forged pistons made of steel, in particular pistons for internal combustion engines and made of several parts, which are joined by thermal joining processes (welding processes) especially car diesel engine pistons.
- This object is achieved by the piston according to claim 1, which is cast in one piece and consists of almost fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite as the piston material.
- “Cast in one piece” here means that the piston consists of one piece and not of several joined parts and that this one-piece piston as a whole has been produced entirely by casting.
- piston blanks in particular for but not limited to passenger car diesel engines, are produced in one piece from spheroidal cast iron by means of a casting process.
- this master form technology the number of work steps in the production of a corresponding piston can be reduced compared to a production from several parts from a steel raw material. Problems can also be avoided in this one-piece production of the piston by means of a casting process, which would otherwise typically occur in the case of production from multiple parts and the joining thereof.
- the cooling channel in the piston among other things, can be carried out comparatively inexpensively by using a lost core. This eliminates the need for time-consuming, separate machining processes.
- An essential aspect of the present invention is the use of a high-strength and at the same time inexpensive cast material.
- a fully pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron is used as the piston material, which achieves or even exceeds the properties specified in DIN EN 1563: 2012-03 for the material EN-GJS-700-2.
- the piston material or the piston material according to the invention is optimized with regard to increased thermal stability. This significantly increases the tensile strength and fatigue strength (HCF) at operating temperatures of 500 ° C and above.
- the piston according to the invention therefore has at least the positive properties, such as pistons, made from the materials GJS-700-2 or GJS-800-2 are manufactured.
- the microstructure of the piston material in the cast state is fully pearlitic and, in contrast to the standardized materials (GJS), the material according to the invention is stabilized overall via the elements Cu, Sn, Ni and Sb, which suppress carbon diffusion in iron and stabilize pearlite at operating temperatures ,
- the attribute "almost fully pearlitic” is to be understood to mean that micro-structural and in the structure of the piston material predominantly fully pearlitic cast iron with nodular graphite can be found. Accordingly, other phases can only be found to a small extent and proportion.
- the structure of the piston material of the diesel engine piston according to the invention has an even distribution Graphite with predominantly spherical morphology and as matrix pearlite, partly with small ferrite areas around the graphite phases.
- the free ferrite content is ⁇ 2.6%, preferably ⁇ 1.0% and more preferably ⁇ 0.5%.
- the piston material of the piston according to the invention has only very small proportions of phases which differ from the fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite.
- One of these can be ferrite, the total content of which is below about 3.0%.
- the ferrite content is preferably ⁇ 1.0%, and local accumulations of ferrite can occur, where its content can be up to 2.6%. These accumulations occur particularly near the cast core or the feeder.
- the piston material of the piston according to the invention advantageously has the following constituents / elements in percent by weight (% by weight): C: 3.23 preferably 3.4 to 3.81 preferably 3.8; Si: 2.2 to 3.23, preferably 3.0; Mn: 0.04, preferably 0.2 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054, preferably 0.04; P: ⁇ 0.1; S: 0 to 0.020, preferably 0.007; Cr: ⁇ 0.1; Ni: ⁇ 0.1; Mo: ⁇ 0.05; Nb: ⁇ 0.1; Cu: 0.4 to 1.0; Pb: ⁇
- 0.135 preferably 0.1; V: ⁇ 0.1; Sb: d 0.002 and the balance iron and unavoidable contamination or optionally consists of it.
- the piston material of the piston according to the invention also advantageously has the following constituents / elements in percent by weight (% by weight): C: 3.23 to 3.81; Si: 2.2 to 3.23; Mn: 0.04 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054; P: 0.005 to 0.1; S: 0.003 to 0.020; Cr: 0.01 to 0.1; Ni: 0.006 to 0.1; Mon: 0.002 to 0.05; Nb: ⁇ 0.1; Cu: 0.4 to 1.0; Pb: ⁇
- the piston material of the piston according to the invention has the following constituents / elements C in weight percent (% by weight): 3.23 to 3.81; Si: 2.2 to 3.23; Mn: 0.04 to 0.4; Mg: 0.0025 to 0.054; P: ⁇ 0.1; S: 0 to 0.020; Cr: ⁇ 1.0; Ni: ⁇ 1.0; Mo: ⁇ 0.5; Nb: ⁇ 0.3; Cu: 0.3 to 2.0; Pb: ⁇ 0.009; W: ⁇ 1.0; Ti: ⁇ 0.015; Sn: 0.05 to
- V ⁇ 1.0
- Sb ⁇ 0.05 and the balance iron and unavoidable contamination or optionally consists of it.
- the piston material consists of one of the aforementioned alloys, i.e. it has no other components or chemical elements in effective and functional contents.
- the composition of the piston material of the piston is characterized in particular by the fact that elements are specifically mixed therein that reduce or prevent the diffusion of carbon in steel.
- the contents of copper (Cu), tin (Sn) and nickel (Ni) according to the invention are to be seen in particular as such functional additions.
- it is a particularly good high-temperature stabilization achieved by suppressing the carbon diffusion, which is associated with corresponding advantageous properties for the internal combustion engine piston as a whole.
- a piston in particular a piston as described above, for internal combustion engines and in particular for "Light Vehicle Diesel” (LVD), "Heavy Duty” (HD) e.g. Truck and with diameters up to about 145 mm and "large bore” diesel engines, for example large piston engines in ships or for stationary applications.
- the piston according to the present invention is therefore not only limited to pistons for comparatively small passenger car diesel engines, but can also be used for larger engines and also be manufactured and used for gasoline and gas engines.
- a concrete example of a piston material according to the present invention is an essentially fully pearlitic cast iron with spheroidal graphite, which consists in weight percent of the following elements C: 3.7; Si: 2.6; Mn: 0.3; Mg: 0.03; P: 0.02; S: 0.01; Cr: 0.05; Ni: 0.03; Mo: 0.01; Nb: 0.01; Cu: 0.6; Pb: 0.001; B: 0.0001; W: 0.001; Ti: 0.01; Sn: 0.06; V: 0.1 and as the remainder Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- a passenger car diesel engine piston was cast using the gravity sand casting process and the following chemical composition was determined in% by weight thereof: C: 3.38%; Si: 3.05%; Mn: 0.160%; P: 0.065%; S: 0.007%; Cr: 0.025%; V: 0.006%; Mo: 0.005%; Ni: 0.015%; Cu: 0.737%; Mg: 0.054%; Ti: 0.0084%; W: 0.0050%; Sn: 0.0980%; Nb: 0.0048%; Al: 0.0219%; Ca: 0.0013%; Pb: 0.0006%; N: 0.0077%; Co: 0.0065%; As: 0.0057%; Bi: 0.0018%; Ce: 0.0164%; Sb: 0, 0007%; Te: 0.0010%; La: 0.0032%; Zn: 0.0004%.
- Tables 1 and 2 below list a series of compositions (samples 1 to 11) of cast alloys which represent the piston material of the piston according to the invention and were determined on appropriately manufactured pistons.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018209267.2A DE102018209267A1 (de) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Kolben für Verbrennungsmotoren und Verwendung eines Kolbens für Verbrennungsmotoren |
PCT/EP2019/062035 WO2019238321A1 (fr) | 2018-06-11 | 2019-05-10 | Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3802900A1 true EP3802900A1 (fr) | 2021-04-14 |
Family
ID=66542249
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19724164.9A Pending EP3802900A1 (fr) | 2018-06-11 | 2019-05-10 | Piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne et utilisation d'un piston pour des moteurs à combustion interne |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11391237B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3802900A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112135916B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102018209267A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019238321A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7278157B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2023-05-19 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 片状黒鉛鋳鉄材およびその切削加工方法、ならびに片状黒鉛鋳鉄部材およびその製造方法 |
CN111218610B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-07-20 | 西安理工大学 | 一种铝、镁合金压铸模具专用材料及其制备方法 |
CN112359272B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-08-10 | 广东新兴铸管有限公司 | 一种高纯净度铁水配方及其制备方法 |
CN113897534B (zh) * | 2021-10-06 | 2022-08-23 | 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 | 一种韧性和高温性能优异的球墨铸铁及其应用 |
CN113897535B (zh) * | 2021-10-06 | 2022-08-26 | 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 | 一种兼具韧性和高温性能的球墨铸铁及其制备方法 |
CN114411048B (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-09-23 | 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 | 一种铸态铁素体球墨铸铁件 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2253868B2 (de) * | 1972-11-03 | 1980-11-20 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuernberg Ag, 8500 Nuernberg | Einteiliger, mit einer Pleuelstange verbundener Gußeisenkolben |
DE2919638A1 (de) * | 1979-05-16 | 1980-11-20 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Kolben fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
DE8501763U1 (de) * | 1985-01-24 | 1987-12-17 | Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen | Einteiliger Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
DE19629970C1 (de) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-03-12 | Ae Goetze Gmbh | Gußeisenlegierung für die Herstellung von Kolbenringen von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
DE19654893C2 (de) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-06-10 | Federal Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Kolbenringe von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen aus einer Gußeisenlegierung |
DE19720779C1 (de) | 1997-05-17 | 1998-10-01 | Ae Goetze Gmbh | Kolbenring aus Gußeisen |
JP2000045011A (ja) | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-15 | Izumi Kogyo Kk | 球状黒鉛鋳鉄および球状黒鉛鋳鉄の鋳造方法 |
JP4527304B2 (ja) | 2001-03-13 | 2010-08-18 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 高強度高靱性球状黒鉛鋳鉄 |
US20050103404A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2005-05-19 | Yieh United Steel Corp. | Low nickel containing chromim-nickel-mananese-copper austenitic stainless steel |
JP4115826B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-25 | 2008-07-09 | 富士重工業株式会社 | アルミニウム合金鋳包み性に優れた鉄系焼結体およびその製造方法 |
US20110274946A1 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2011-11-10 | Shw Casting Technologies Gmbh | Cast body |
DE202010006651U1 (de) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-08-05 | Shw Casting Technologies Gmbh | Gusskörper |
BRPI1103921A2 (pt) | 2011-08-17 | 2013-08-06 | Mahle Metal Leve Sa | camisa de cilindro e liga de ferro fundido |
JP6381388B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-08-29 | ヤンマー株式会社 | ピストン用球状黒鉛鋳鉄、一体型ピストン及び舶用エンジン |
DE102016225637A1 (de) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines einteiligen Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor durch Schmieden |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 DE DE102018209267.2A patent/DE102018209267A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-05-10 US US15/733,953 patent/US11391237B2/en active Active
- 2019-05-10 EP EP19724164.9A patent/EP3802900A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-05-10 WO PCT/EP2019/062035 patent/WO2019238321A1/fr unknown
- 2019-05-10 CN CN201980033504.4A patent/CN112135916B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102018209267A1 (de) | 2019-12-12 |
CN112135916A (zh) | 2020-12-25 |
CN112135916B (zh) | 2022-07-15 |
US20210231080A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
WO2019238321A1 (fr) | 2019-12-19 |
US11391237B2 (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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