EP3765806A1 - Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials - Google Patents

Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials

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Publication number
EP3765806A1
EP3765806A1 EP19720360.7A EP19720360A EP3765806A1 EP 3765806 A1 EP3765806 A1 EP 3765806A1 EP 19720360 A EP19720360 A EP 19720360A EP 3765806 A1 EP3765806 A1 EP 3765806A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
nozzle box
nozzle
air
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19720360.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3765806B1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Straetmans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach BSH GmbH
Original Assignee
Grenzebach BSH GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grenzebach BSH GmbH filed Critical Grenzebach BSH GmbH
Publication of EP3765806A1 publication Critical patent/EP3765806A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3765806B1 publication Critical patent/EP3765806B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/122—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of material being carried by transversely moving rollers or rods which may rotate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle box, which is arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to a drying device to be dried in the drying plate having a conical shape in at least one of the direction of flow of the drying air in the nozzle box and a nozzle-equipped, the plate facing the drying surface, wherein the drying air flows from a plurality of arranged in rows in the drying surface nozzles on the plate.
  • a drying device is used to dry plates, which can be guided in floors by a drying chamber covered by the drying device, wherein the plates are brought into the drying device by in a ceiling box generated and then introduced via a pressure chamber in the nozzle boxes drying air for drying in contact and the drying air after absorption of moisture from the plates via a suction chamber can be discharged.
  • the drying of plate-like materials such as gypsum boards is preferably carried out by a predominantly convective heat transfer in the form of the overflow of heated air.
  • the usually arranged over several floors plates are guided by means of conveyors such as roller conveyors or screen belts through the dryer.
  • drying systems are usually operated in recirculation mode.
  • the drying air is introduced several times to the plates and reheated after each contact. In this way, the air increasingly accumulates moisture, only a small portion of the drying air is discharged to the environment as exhaust air to dissipate moisture and fumes into the environment.
  • a distinguishing feature of various types of dryers is the type of air flow over the material to be dried.
  • the air can be fed to the plate essentially in the form of transverse ventilation, longitudinal ventilation, or so-called impingement jet ventilation.
  • the drying air In transverse ventilation, the drying air is passed from the side, transversely to the conveying direction of the plate-like material, over the material to be dried. As the drying air progressively cools as it travels across the drying stock, it results
  • the drying air is introduced from the side of the drying plant into nozzle boxes, also referred to as drying chambers, and blown through air outlet nozzles perpendicular to the surface of the material to be dried. From there, this air flows to the opposite side of the drying plant.
  • nozzle boxes also referred to as drying chambers
  • drying conditions can be adapted to the needs of the drying material.
  • the dryer is also, z. B. in product changes, excellent controllable.
  • Such a system is described in DE 19 46 696 A for drying plasterboard.
  • a dryer chamber is designed so that the highest possible heat input and the most uniform possible drying over the width of the material to be dried are guaranteed.
  • DE 26 13 512 A1 a drying plant is known in which a two-stage drying process is used.
  • the second drying stage is heated with the interposition of a heat exchanger from the exhaust air of the first dryer stage.
  • the panels are to be dried in the first dryer stage at high temperature and high humidity and in the second dryer stage at relatively low temperature and low humidity.
  • the first stage is here longitudinally ventilated, the second stage cross-ventilated.
  • a method for drying plates is known, which are guided in floors through a device divided into drying chambers device, wherein the plates are brought in a drying device by impact jet ventilation with the drying air in contact and the impingement jet ventilation by means of cross-ventilated nozzle boxes is guaranteed.
  • the drying apparatus is a main drying stage or a final drying stage in a drying plant.
  • a drying plant may have a plurality of drying zones operating on the principle of impingement jet ventilation, as known from DE 10 2005 017 187 B4.
  • An advantage of the inventively designed nozzle box proves a significant reduction of too heated zones of the plates in their side area.
  • a drying device equipped with nozzle boxes constructed according to the invention can be put into operation with less effort than conventional drying installations. The maintenance effort is reduced.
  • the air distribution over the a plurality of floors, each with juxtaposed nozzle boxes trained dryer room is improved. It causes a higher pressure loss at the nozzles; the circulating air of the drying air is reduced.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to gently dry plate-shaped materials with a lower expenditure of energy by means of impingement jet ventilation compared with the prior art.
  • the nozzles have a diameter of less than 10 mm, also a uniform drying is favored.
  • the speed of the drying air emerging from the nozzles is between 17 and 21 m / s.
  • the nozzles are arranged in three, extending in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box rows.
  • the rows have a spacing of 55 mm to 80 mm.
  • the nozzle boxes are conical only in the vertical direction in space, or they are also conically constructed in a further, to the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle boxes.
  • a radiation plate is additionally arranged on both its longitudinal sides of the nozzle rows in the direction of the plate to be dried. As a result, they improve the drying in the side area of the nozzle box, because they concentrate the radiant heat of the nozzle box in the direction of the gypsum board.
  • the distance of the nozzles to the plate is at least 22 mm and reaches a maximum value of 50 mm.
  • the invention also relates to a drying device for drying plates, which can be guided in floors by a drying space comprised by the drying device, wherein the plates in the drying device by in a ceiling box generated and then introduced via a pressure chamber in the nozzle boxes drying air for drying in contact can be brought and the drying air after absorption of moisture from the plates via a suction chamber can be discharged, wherein the drying device is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of nozzle box, which are constructed, as indicated above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a drying device with a pressure chamber, a drying room and a suction chamber
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of two nozzle boxes according to Figure 1, which are arranged one above the other between each to be dried plates,
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the one to be dried plate facing side of a biconical nozzle box and
  • Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a suction of the
  • a drying device (FIG. 1) of a cross-ventilated gypsum board cooler, drying air flows, the flow direction of which is indicated by arrows.
  • Preheated fresh air is fed to a burner 1 as combustion air 2.
  • the pressure chamber 5 is used to evenly distribute the air in the individual floors of a drying room 6.
  • the air is first pressed into the nozzle boxes 7, from which they over Hole nozzles, which are arranged on the top or bottom of the nozzle boxes, perpendicular to Plasterboard 8 or other, to be dried plates is blown.
  • the plates 8 rest on support rollers and are conveyed perpendicularly to the viewing plane of FIG. 1 by means of a transport device (not explained here in more detail).
  • the support rollers are arranged between and slightly above the nozzle boxes 7, so that the drying air flows between the support rollers on the plates 8.
  • the width of the pressure chamber 5 in relation to the width of the suction chamber 9 is greater.
  • baffles 12, 13, 14 and 15 may be provided;
  • an air rectifier 16 is also available.
  • FIG. 2 Two nozzle boxes 7 (FIG. 2) are each arranged between two plates 7 to be dried. At the suction chamber 9 side facing they are spaced apart by an element 17 serving for fastening.
  • Fig. 3 shows a biconical nozzle box 7 ', which, in contrast to the nozzle boxes 7, also in the plane provided with nozzles 18, from which the air flows to the plate 8 to be dried, also tapers to the side of the suction chamber 9.
  • each nozzle box 7 On each of a plate 8 side facing each nozzle box 7 is provided with arranged in three rows of nozzles 18, from which the drying air flows to the respective plate 8.
  • the nozzle boxes 7 above or below a strike plate 19 have a slot 20 through which contaminants can be removed from the nozzle box 7.
  • radiation plates 21 are arranged on each longitudinal side of the surface of the nozzle boxes 7, which faces the plate 8 to be dried.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a nozzle box (7, 7') arranged in a drying device transversely to a plate (8) to be dried in the drying device by means of drying air. The nozzle box (7, 7') has a conical shape at least in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle box (7, 7'), and a drying surface provided with nozzles (18) and facing the plate (8), wherein the drying air flows from a plurality of nozzles (18) arranged in rows in the drying surface onto the plate (8). The nozzle box (7, 7') is characterised in that the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles (18) per square metre to the drying area is less than 1.1%.

Description

DÜSENKASTEN FÜR EINE TROCKNUNGSVORRICHTUNG ZUM TROCKNEN PLATTENARTIGER MATERIALIEN  NOZZLE BOX FOR A DRYING DEVICE FOR DRYING PLATE-TYPE MATERIALS
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Düsenkasten, der in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung in Querrichtung zu einer in der Trocknungsvorrichtung mittels Trocknungsluft zu trocknenden Platte angeordnet ist, der in wenigstens einer zu der Strömungsrichtung der Trocknungsluft in dem Düsenkasten senkrechten Richtung eine konische Form aufweist und der eine mit Düsen versehene, der Platte zugewandte Trocknungsfläche aufweist, wobei die Trocknungsluft aus einer Mehrzahl von in Reihen in der Trocknungsfläche angeordneten Düsen auf die Platte strömt. The invention relates to a nozzle box, which is arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to a drying device to be dried in the drying plate having a conical shape in at least one of the direction of flow of the drying air in the nozzle box and a nozzle-equipped, the plate facing the drying surface, wherein the drying air flows from a plurality of arranged in rows in the drying surface nozzles on the plate.
Eine Trocknungsvorrichtung dient zum Trocknen von Platten, die in Etagen durch einen von der Trocknungsvorrichtung umfassten Trocknungsraum führbar sind, wobei die Platten in der Trocknungsvorrichtung durch in einem Deckenkasten erzeugte und anschließend über einen Druckraum in Düsenkästen eingeleitete Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen in Kontakt bringbar sind und die Trocknungsluft nach Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit aus den Platten über einen Saugraum abführbar ist. A drying device is used to dry plates, which can be guided in floors by a drying chamber covered by the drying device, wherein the plates are brought into the drying device by in a ceiling box generated and then introduced via a pressure chamber in the nozzle boxes drying air for drying in contact and the drying air after absorption of moisture from the plates via a suction chamber can be discharged.
Das Trocknen plattenartiger Materialien wie Gipsplatten erfolgt vorzugsweise durch einen überwiegend konvektiven Wärmeübergang in der Form des Überströmens von erwärmter Luft. Die in der Regel über mehrere Etagen angeordneten Platten werden mit Hilfe von Fördereinrichtungen wie Rollenbahnen oder Siebbändern durch den Trockner geführt. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden Trocknungsanlagen meist im Umluftbetrieb betrieben. Die Trocknungsluft wird hierbei mehrfach an die Platten herangeführt und nach jedem Kontakt erneut erwärmt. Die Luft reichert sich auf diese Weise zunehmend mit Feuchtigkeit an, nur ein kleiner Teil der Trocknungsluft wird an die Umgebung als Abluft abgegeben, um Feuchtigkeit und Rauchgase in die Umgebung abzuführen. Ein Unterscheidungsmerkmal verschiedener Trocknerbauarten bildet die Art der Luftführung über dem Trocknungsgut. Die Luft kann im Wesentlichen in der Form einer Querbelüftung, einer Längsbelüftung, oder einer so genannten Prallstrahlbelüftung an die Platte geführt werden. The drying of plate-like materials such as gypsum boards is preferably carried out by a predominantly convective heat transfer in the form of the overflow of heated air. The usually arranged over several floors plates are guided by means of conveyors such as roller conveyors or screen belts through the dryer. According to the prior art, drying systems are usually operated in recirculation mode. The drying air is introduced several times to the plates and reheated after each contact. In this way, the air increasingly accumulates moisture, only a small portion of the drying air is discharged to the environment as exhaust air to dissipate moisture and fumes into the environment. A distinguishing feature of various types of dryers is the type of air flow over the material to be dried. The air can be fed to the plate essentially in the form of transverse ventilation, longitudinal ventilation, or so-called impingement jet ventilation.
Bei der Querbelüftung wird die Trocknungsluft von der Seite, quer zur Förderrichtung des plattenartigen Materials, über das Trocknungsgut geführt. Da sich die Trocknungsluft bei ihrem Weg über das Trocknungsgut zunehmend abkühlt, ergeben In transverse ventilation, the drying air is passed from the side, transversely to the conveying direction of the plate-like material, over the material to be dried. As the drying air progressively cools as it travels across the drying stock, it results
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE sich dadurch über die Breite unterschiedliche Trocknungsgeschwindigkeiten. Deshalb wird dieses Verfahren bei empfindlichen Materialien wie Gipskartonplatten nicht angewendet. Bei der Längsbelüftung wandert die Trocknungsluft über einen langen Weg entlang der Längsachse des Trockners, überströmt dabei die Platte, trocknet diese und kühlt dadurch stark ab. Die Trocknungsluft kann somit bei niedrigen Temperaturen, energetisch besonders günstig nahe dem Taupunkt der Trocknungsluft, abgeführt werden. Zur Erwärmung von Frischluft mit Hilfe eines Wärmetauschers kann dann gezielt Kondensationswärme genutzt werden. CONFIRMATION COPY This results in different drying speeds across the width. Therefore, this method is not applied to sensitive materials such as plasterboard. In longitudinal aeration, the drying air travels a long way along the longitudinal axis of the dryer, overflows the plate, dries it and thus cools down strongly. The drying air can thus be discharged at low temperatures, particularly low energy near the dew point of the drying air. For heating fresh air by means of a heat exchanger can then be used specifically condensation heat.
Bei der Prallstrahlbelüftung wird die Trocknungsluft von der Seite der Trocknungsanlage in auch als Trocknungskammern bezeichneten Düsenkästen, herangeführt und über Luftaustrittsdüsen senkrecht auf die Oberfläche des Trocknungsguts geblasen. Von dort strömt diese Luft zur gegenüber liegenden Seite der Trocknungsanlage. Nach ähnlichem Aufbau arbeitende Trockner sind mittlerweile weltweit verbreitet. Zu ihren Vorzügen zählen, dass durch den Aufbau aus vielen, relativ kurzen Trocknungskammern, welche jeweils einzeln belüftet und beheizt werden können, die gewünschte Trocknungstemperatur und das Klima über die Länge des Trockners frei gewählt werden können. Somit können die Trocknungsbedingungen an die Bedürfnisse des Trocknungsguts angepasst werden. Der Trockner ist zudem, z. B. bei Produktwechseln, ausgezeichnet regelbar. Durch den guten Wärmeübergang bei der Prallstrahlanströmung können solche Trockner deutlich kürzer gebaut werden als vergleichbare mit Längsbelüftung überströmte Trockner. Durch Verstellen der Düsenkastenneigung kann zudem eine sehr gleichmäßige Trocknung über die Breite des Trocknungsgutes erzielt werden. Die Abluft jeder Kammer wird einzeln abgeleitet und gesammelt. Da hierunter auch Kammern mit verfahrensbedingt hohen Trocknungstemperaturen gehören, ergibt sich eine insgesamt hohe Ablufttemperatur. Auch unter Verwendung eines Wärmetauschers kann die in der Abluftfeuchte enthaltene Kondensationswärme kaum sinnvoll genutzt werden kann. In the case of impingement jet ventilation, the drying air is introduced from the side of the drying plant into nozzle boxes, also referred to as drying chambers, and blown through air outlet nozzles perpendicular to the surface of the material to be dried. From there, this air flows to the opposite side of the drying plant. After similar design working dryers are now widely used worldwide. Their advantages include that the desired drying temperature and the climate over the length of the dryer can be chosen freely by the construction of many, relatively short drying chambers, which can each be individually ventilated and heated. Thus, the drying conditions can be adapted to the needs of the drying material. The dryer is also, z. B. in product changes, excellent controllable. Due to the good heat transfer during the impingement jet inflow, such dryers can be built much shorter than comparable dryers overflowed with longitudinal ventilation. By adjusting the nozzle box inclination also a very uniform drying over the width of the material to be dried can be achieved. The exhaust air of each chamber is individually discharged and collected. Since this includes chambers with process-related high drying temperatures, results in a total high exhaust air temperature. Even when using a heat exchanger, the heat of condensation contained in the exhaust air moisture can hardly be used meaningfully.
Eine solche Anlage wird in der DE 19 46 696 A zur Trocknung von Gipsplatten beschrieben. Eine Trocknerkammer ist so gestaltet, dass ein möglichst hoher Wärmeeintrag und eine möglichst gleichmäßige Trocknung über die Breite des Trocknungsgutes gewährleistet werden. Aus der DE 26 13 512 A1 ist eine Trocknungsanlage bekannt, bei der ein zweistufiges Trocknungsverfahren zum Einsatz kommt. Hierbei wird die zweite Trocknungsstufe unter Zwischenschaltung eines Wärmetauschers aus der Abluft der ersten Trocknerstufe beheizt. Die Platten sollen in der ersten Trocknerstufe mit hoher Temperatur und hoher Luftfeuchte und in der zweiten Trocknerstufe mit relativ niedriger Temperatur und niedriger Luftfeuchte getrocknet werden. Die erste Stufe ist hierbei längsbelüftet, die zweite Stufe querbelüftet. Such a system is described in DE 19 46 696 A for drying plasterboard. A dryer chamber is designed so that the highest possible heat input and the most uniform possible drying over the width of the material to be dried are guaranteed. From DE 26 13 512 A1 a drying plant is known in which a two-stage drying process is used. Here, the second drying stage is heated with the interposition of a heat exchanger from the exhaust air of the first dryer stage. The panels are to be dried in the first dryer stage at high temperature and high humidity and in the second dryer stage at relatively low temperature and low humidity. The first stage is here longitudinally ventilated, the second stage cross-ventilated.
Aus DE 10 2009 059 822 B4 ist ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Platten bekannt, die in Etagen durch eine in Trocknungskammern aufgeteilte Vorrichtung geführt werden, wobei die Platten in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung mittels Prallstrahlbelüftung mit der Trocknungsluft in Kontakt gebracht werden und wobei die Prallstrahlbelüftung mittels querbelüfteter Düsenkästen gewährleistet wird. Hierbei ist die Trocknungsvorrichtung eine Haupttrocknungsstufe oder eine Endtrocknungsstufe in einer Trocknungsanlage. Eine Trocknungsanlage kann eine Mehrzahl von nach dem Prinzip der Prallstrahlbelüftung funktionierenden Trocknungszonen aufweisen, wie aus DE 10 2005 017 187 B4 bekannt ist. From DE 10 2009 059 822 B4 a method for drying plates is known, which are guided in floors through a device divided into drying chambers device, wherein the plates are brought in a drying device by impact jet ventilation with the drying air in contact and the impingement jet ventilation by means of cross-ventilated nozzle boxes is guaranteed. Here, the drying apparatus is a main drying stage or a final drying stage in a drying plant. A drying plant may have a plurality of drying zones operating on the principle of impingement jet ventilation, as known from DE 10 2005 017 187 B4.
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, den bekannten Düsenkasten so zu verbessern, dass bei gleicher Ventilatorleistung eine intensivere Trocknung erreicht wird und dass die Verwendung niedrigerer Trocknungstemperaturen ermöglicht wird, um Energie einzusparen. It is the object of the present invention to improve the known nozzle box so that at the same fan speed more intensive drying is achieved and that the use of lower drying temperatures is made possible to save energy.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst, wie in Patentanspruch 1 angegeben. According to the invention this object is achieved as indicated in claim 1.
Bei einer Verringerung des Verhältnisses der Summe der Öffnungen der Düsen je Quadratmeter zu der Trocknungsfläche auf einen Wert von weniger als 1 ,1 %, wie dies gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, ergibt sich zwar eine Verschlechterung der Trocknungsleistung. Bei gleicher Luftmenge ergibt sich jedoch eine höhere Luftaustrittsgeschwindigkeit, die mit einer Intensivierung der Trocknung verbunden ist. Damit steigt aber gleichzeitig auch der Druckverlust an den Düsen, was zwar die Luftverteilung begünstigt, aber den Stromverbrauch erhöht. Eine Reduzierung der Luftmenge ließe als Einzelmaßnahme eher eine Verschlechterung der Trocknung erwarten. Überraschenderweise zeigt sich aber, dass sich durch eine Reduzierung der Umluftmenge bei Verringerung des nach dem Stand der Technik üblichen Wert des Verhältnisses der Summe der Öffnungen der Düsen je Quadratmeter zu der Trocknungsfläche ein Betrieb der Trocknung einstellen lässt, bei dem der Stromverbrauch nicht höher ist als bei einem Trocknungsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, die Trocknung aber trotzdem noch deutlich intensiver ist wie bei der Standardausführung. Somit wird bei gleichbleibendem Stromverbrauch eine bessere Trocknung erreicht. With a reduction in the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles per square meter to the drying area to a value of less than 1.1%, as provided according to the invention, a deterioration of the drying performance results. For the same amount of air, however, results in a higher air outlet velocity, which is associated with an intensification of the drying. At the same time, however, this also increases the pressure loss at the nozzles, which indeed promotes the distribution of air, but increases the power consumption. A reduction in the amount of air would leave as an individual measure rather a deterioration of the drying expect. Surprisingly, however, it can be seen that, by reducing the quantity of recirculated air while reducing the value of the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles per square meter to the drying surface which is customary in the prior art, it is possible to set the drying operation at which the power consumption is not higher than in a drying process according to the prior art, but the drying is still much more intense than in the standard version. Thus, a better drying is achieved with constant power consumption.
Der Druckverlust an der Düse ist höher und die Strömung im gesamten Trocknungsfeld wegen der geringeren Luftmenge ruhiger. Beide Umstände verbessern aber die Luftverteilung über die Anzahl an Etagen und über die Trocknerbreite, so dass im Ergebnis ein höherer Wirkungsgrad der Trocknungsluft erreicht wird. The pressure loss at the nozzle is higher and the flow in the entire drying field is quieter because of the smaller amount of air. However, both circumstances improve the air distribution over the number of floors and over the dryer width, so that as a result a higher efficiency of the drying air is achieved.
Als vorteilhaft an dem erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Düsenkasten erweist sich eine deutliche Reduzierung von zu stark erhitzten Zonen der Platten in deren Seitenbereich. Zusätzlich lässt sich eine mit erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Düsenkästen ausgerüstete Trocknungsvorrichtung mit geringerem Aufwand in Betrieb nehmen als herkömmliche Trocknungsvorrächtungen. Auch der Wartungsaufwand reduziert sich. Zudem wird die Luftverteilung über den eine Mehrzahl von Etagen mit jeweils nebeneinander angeordneten Düsenkästen ausgebildeten Trocknerraum verbessert. Es wird ein höherer Druckverlust an den Düsen bewirkt; die Umluft der Trocknungsluft wird reduziert. An advantage of the inventively designed nozzle box proves a significant reduction of too heated zones of the plates in their side area. In addition, a drying device equipped with nozzle boxes constructed according to the invention can be put into operation with less effort than conventional drying installations. The maintenance effort is reduced. In addition, the air distribution over the a plurality of floors, each with juxtaposed nozzle boxes trained dryer room is improved. It causes a higher pressure loss at the nozzles; the circulating air of the drying air is reduced.
Insgesamt wird somit eine effizientere Trocknung eines plattenförmigen Guts, insbesondere von Gipsplatten, erreicht wird; es wird eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Trocknungsluft auf den zu trocknenden Platten erzielt. Overall, thus a more efficient drying of a plate-shaped Guts, in particular gypsum boards, is achieved; a more uniform distribution of the drying air is achieved on the plates to be dried.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung lassen sich plattenförmige Materialien mit einem im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik geringeren Aufwand an Energie mittels Prallstrahlbelüftung schonend trocknen. The device according to the invention makes it possible to gently dry plate-shaped materials with a lower expenditure of energy by means of impingement jet ventilation compared with the prior art.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Mit Vorteil trägt zu einer gleichmäßigen Strömung der Trocknungsluft auch bei, wenn die Umluftmenge pro Quadratmeter Trocknungsfläche weniger als 0,13 m3 / m2 beträgt Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims. Advantageously contributes to a uniform flow of the drying air even if the amount of circulating air per square meter of drying area is less than 0.13 m 3 / m 2
Wenn die Düsen einen Durchmesser von weniger als 10 mm haben, wird ebenfalls eine gleichmäßige Trocknung begünstigt. If the nozzles have a diameter of less than 10 mm, also a uniform drying is favored.
In vorteilhafter Weise beträgt die Geschwindigkeit der aus den Düsen austretenden Trocknungsluft zwischen 17 und 21 m/s. Advantageously, the speed of the drying air emerging from the nozzles is between 17 and 21 m / s.
Auch durch die Wahl eines Abstands von mehr als 60 mm zwischen den Düsen wird die Luftströmung vergleichmäßigt. Even by choosing a distance of more than 60 mm between the nozzles, the air flow is evened out.
Mit Vorteil sind die Düsen in drei, in Längsrichtung des Düsenkastens verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet sind. Advantageously, the nozzles are arranged in three, extending in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box rows.
Vorzugsweise haben die Reihen einen Abstand von 55 mm bis 80 mm haben. Preferably, the rows have a spacing of 55 mm to 80 mm.
Alternativ sind die Düsenkästen nur in der senkrechten Raumrichtung konisch gebaut, oder sie sind zusätzlich auch in einer weiteren, zur Strömungsrichtung der Trocknungsluft in den Düsenkästen konisch aufgebaut. Alternatively, the nozzle boxes are conical only in the vertical direction in space, or they are also conically constructed in a further, to the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle boxes.
Zur Erzielung einer besseren Ausrichtung der Wärmestrahlung des Düsenkastens auf die zu trocknende Platte ist zusätzlich an seinen beiden Längsseiten seitlich der Düsenreihen in Richtung zu der zu trocknenden Platte jeweils ein Strahlungsblech angeordnet. Dadurch verbessern sie die Trocknung im Seitenbereich des Düsenkastens, weil sie die Strahlungswärme des Düsenkastens in Richtung zu der Gipsplatte bündeln. To achieve a better alignment of the heat radiation of the nozzle box on the plate to be dried in each case a radiation plate is additionally arranged on both its longitudinal sides of the nozzle rows in the direction of the plate to be dried. As a result, they improve the drying in the side area of the nozzle box, because they concentrate the radiant heat of the nozzle box in the direction of the gypsum board.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der Abstand der Düsen zu der Platte wenigstens 22 mm und erreicht einen maximalen Wert von 50 mm. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf eine Trocknungsvorrichtung zum Trocknen von Platten, die in Etagen durch einen von der Trocknungsvorrichtung umfassten Trocknungsraum führbar sind, wobei die Platten in der Trocknungsvorrichtung durch in einem Deckenkasten erzeugte und anschließend über einen Druckraum in Düsenkästen eingeleitete Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen in Kontakt bringbar sind und die Trocknungsluft nach Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit aus den Platten über einen Saugraum abführbar ist, wobei die Trocknungsvorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie eine Mehrzahl von Düsenkasten aufweist, die aufgebaut sind, wie oben angegeben. Preferably, the distance of the nozzles to the plate is at least 22 mm and reaches a maximum value of 50 mm. The invention also relates to a drying device for drying plates, which can be guided in floors by a drying space comprised by the drying device, wherein the plates in the drying device by in a ceiling box generated and then introduced via a pressure chamber in the nozzle boxes drying air for drying in contact can be brought and the drying air after absorption of moisture from the plates via a suction chamber can be discharged, wherein the drying device is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of nozzle box, which are constructed, as indicated above.
Nachstehend wird der erfindungsgemäße Düsenkasten anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben. Es zeigen: Hereinafter, the nozzle box according to the invention will be described with reference to an embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt einer Trocknungsvorrichtung mit einem Druckraum, einem Trocknungsraum sowie einem Saugraum, 1 shows a longitudinal section of a drying device with a pressure chamber, a drying room and a suction chamber,
Fig. 2 eine seitliche Ansicht zweier Düsenkästen gemäß Figur 1 , die übereinander zwischen jeweils zu trocknenden Platten angeordnet sind, 2 is a side view of two nozzle boxes according to Figure 1, which are arranged one above the other between each to be dried plates,
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die einer zu trocknenden Platte zugewandte Seite eines doppeltkonischen Düsenkastens und Fig. 3 is a plan view of the one to be dried plate facing side of a biconical nozzle box and
Fig. 4 eine isometrische Ansicht des einem Saugraum der Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a suction of the
Trocknungsvorrichtung zugewandten Endbereichs des Düsenkasten gemäß Figur 2.  Drying device facing end of the nozzle box of Figure 2.
In einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (Fig. 1) eines querbelüfteten Gipsplattenkühlers strömt Trocknungsluft, deren Strömungsrichtung durch Pfeile bezeichnet ist. Vorgewärmte Frischluft wird einem Brenner 1 als Verbrennungsluft 2 zugeführt. Die Weiterleitung der durch den Brenner 1 erhitzten Luft erfolgt über einen Umluftventilator 4 in einen Druckraum 5. Der Druckraum 5 dient der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Luft in die einzelnen Etagen eines Trocknungsraumes 6. Die Luft wird dabei zunächst in Düsenkästen 7 gedrückt, von welchen sie über Lochdüsen, welche an der Ober- bzw. Unterseite der Düsenkästen angeordnet sind, senkrecht auf Gipsplatten 8 oder andere, zu trocknende Platten geblasen wird. Die Platten 8 liegen auf Tragrollen auf und werden mittels einer (hier nicht näher erläuterten) Transporteinrichtung senkrecht zur Betrachtungsebene von Fig. 1 gefördert. Die Tragrollen sind zwischen und leicht oberhalb der Düsenkästen 7 angeordnet, so dass die Trocknungsluft zwischen den Tragrollen auf die Platten 8 strömt. In a drying device (FIG. 1) of a cross-ventilated gypsum board cooler, drying air flows, the flow direction of which is indicated by arrows. Preheated fresh air is fed to a burner 1 as combustion air 2. The forwarding of the heated air through the burner 1 via a circulating air fan 4 in a pressure chamber 5. The pressure chamber 5 is used to evenly distribute the air in the individual floors of a drying room 6. The air is first pressed into the nozzle boxes 7, from which they over Hole nozzles, which are arranged on the top or bottom of the nozzle boxes, perpendicular to Plasterboard 8 or other, to be dried plates is blown. The plates 8 rest on support rollers and are conveyed perpendicularly to the viewing plane of FIG. 1 by means of a transport device (not explained here in more detail). The support rollers are arranged between and slightly above the nozzle boxes 7, so that the drying air flows between the support rollers on the plates 8.
Um eine optimale Strömung und Einbringung der Trocknungsluft aus einem Deckenkasten 11 in den Druckraum 5 und aus diesem über die Düsenkästen 7 entlang den Platten 8 in einen Saugraum 9 zu gewährleisten, ist die Breite des Druckraums 5 im Verhältnis zu der Breite des Saugraums 9 größer. Zur Führung des Luftstroms können Leitbleche 12, 13, 14 und 15 vorgesehen sein; zurIn order to ensure optimum flow and introduction of the drying air from a ceiling box 11 into the pressure chamber 5 and from there via the nozzle boxes 7 along the plates 8 in a suction chamber 9, the width of the pressure chamber 5 in relation to the width of the suction chamber 9 is greater. For guiding the air flow baffles 12, 13, 14 and 15 may be provided; to
Vergleichmäßigung des Luftstroms ist ferner ein Luftgleichrichter 16 vorhanden. Equalization of the air flow, an air rectifier 16 is also available.
Ein Teil der Trocknungsluft, welcher in der Summe im Wesentlichen den Verbrennungsgasen, der Frischluft, sowie dem durch die Trocknung erzeugten Wasserdampf entspricht, entweicht über eine Abluftableitung 10. An dem Brenner 1 schließt sich der Umluftkreis. Part of the drying air, which in total corresponds essentially to the combustion gases, the fresh air, as well as the water vapor generated by the drying, escapes via an exhaust air discharge 10. At the burner 1, the recirculation circuit closes.
Zwei Düsenkästen 7 (Fig. 2) sind jeweils zwischen zwei zu trocknenden Platten 7 angeordnet. An der dem Saugraum 9 zugewandten Seite sind sie durch ein zur Befestigung dienendes Element 17 voneinander beabstandet. Fig. 3 zeigt einen doppeltkonischen Düsenkasten 7‘, der sich im Unterschied zu den Düsenkästen 7 auch in der mit Düsen 18 versehenen Ebene, aus der die Luft zu der zu trocknenden Platte 8 strömt, ebenfalls zu der Seite des Saugraums 9 hin verjüngt. Two nozzle boxes 7 (FIG. 2) are each arranged between two plates 7 to be dried. At the suction chamber 9 side facing they are spaced apart by an element 17 serving for fastening. Fig. 3 shows a biconical nozzle box 7 ', which, in contrast to the nozzle boxes 7, also in the plane provided with nozzles 18, from which the air flows to the plate 8 to be dried, also tapers to the side of the suction chamber 9.
Auf der jeweils einer Platte 8 zugewandten Seite ist jeder Düsenkasten 7 mit in jeweils drei Reihen angeordneten Düsen 18 versehen, aus denen die Trocknungsluft zu der jeweiligen Platte 8 strömt. On each of a plate 8 side facing each nozzle box 7 is provided with arranged in three rows of nozzles 18, from which the drying air flows to the respective plate 8.
An der dem Saugraum 9 zugewandten Seite weisen die Düsenkästen 7 oberhalb bzw. unterhalb eines Schließblechs 19 (Fig. 4) einen Schlitz 20 auf, durch den Verschmutzungen aus dem Düsenkasten 7 entfernt werden können. Zusätzlich sind Strahlungsbleche 21 an jeder Längsseite der Fläche der Düsenkästen 7 angeordnet, die der zu trocknenden Platte 8 zugewandt ist. On the side facing the suction chamber 9, the nozzle boxes 7 above or below a strike plate 19 (FIG. 4) have a slot 20 through which contaminants can be removed from the nozzle box 7. In addition, radiation plates 21 are arranged on each longitudinal side of the surface of the nozzle boxes 7, which faces the plate 8 to be dried.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘), der in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung in Querrichtung zu einer in der Trocknungsvorrichtung mittels Trocknungsluft zu trocknenden Platte (8) angeordnet ist, der in wenigstens einer zu der Strömungsrichtung der Trocknungsluft in dem Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) senkrechten Richtung eine konische Form aufweist und der eine mit Düsen (18) versehene, der Platte (8) zugewandte Trocknungsfläche aufweist, wobei die Trocknungsluft aus einer Mehrzahl von in Reihen in der Trocknungsfläche angeordneten Düsen (18) auf die Platte (8) strömt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis der Summe der Öffnungen der Düsen (18) je Quadratmeter zu der Trocknungsfläche weniger als 1 ,1 % beträgt. 1. nozzle box (7, 7 '), which is arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to a drying device in the drying device to be dried plate (8) in at least one of the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle box (7, 7') vertical direction has a conical shape and having a nozzle (18) provided, the plate (8) facing drying surface, wherein the drying air flows from a plurality of arranged in rows in the drying surface nozzles (18) on the plate (8) characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles (18) per square meter to the drying surface is less than 1, 1%.
2. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 2. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the
Umluftmenge pro Quadratmeter Trocknungsfläche weniger als 0,13 m3 / m2 beträgt. Amount of circulating air per square meter of drying area is less than 0.13 m 3 / m 2 .
3. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsen Öffnungen mit einem Durchmesser von weniger als 10 mm haben. 3. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nozzles have openings with a diameter of less than 10 mm.
4. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Geschwindigkeit der aus den Düsen austretenden Trocknungsluft zwischen 17 und 21 m/s beträgt. 4. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the speed of emerging from the nozzle drying air is between 17 and 21 m / s.
5. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsen einen Abstand von mehr als 60 mm zueinander haben. 5. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the nozzles have a distance of more than 60 mm from each other.
6. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsen in drei, in Längsrichtung des Düsenkastens verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet sind. 6. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the nozzles are arranged in three, extending in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box rows.
7. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 7. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to claim 6, characterized in that the
Reihen einen Abstand von 55 mm bis 80 mm haben. Rows have a distance of 55 mm to 80 mm.
8. Düsenkasten (7) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er nur in der senkrechten Raumrichtung konisch gebaut ist. 8. nozzle box (7) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is conical only in the vertical direction in space.
9. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er an seinen beiden Längsseiten seitlich der Düsenreihen in Richtung zu der Platte (8) jeweils ein Strahlungsblech (21) aufweist. 9. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has at its two longitudinal sides of the nozzle rows in the direction of the plate (8) each have a radiation plate (21).
10. Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand der Düsen (18) zu der Platte (8) wenigstens 22 mm beträgt. 10. nozzle box (7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the distance of the nozzles (18) to the plate (8) is at least 22 mm.
11. Düsenkasten (7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine doppeltkonische Form aufweist. 11. nozzle box (7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has a biconical shape.
12. Trocknungsvorrichtung zum Trocknen von Platten (8), die in Etagen durch einen von der Trocknungsvorrichtung umfassten Trocknungsraum (6) führbar sind, wobei die Platten (8) in der Trocknungsvorrichtung durch in einem Deckenkasten (11) erzeugte und anschließend über einen Druckraum (5) in Düsenkästen (7, 7‘) eingeleitete Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen in Kontakt bringbar sind und die Trocknungsluft nach Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit aus den Platten (8) über einen Saugraum (9) abführbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Mehrzahl von Düsenkasten (7, 7‘) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 aufweist. 12. drying device for drying plates (8) which can be guided in a drying chamber (6) enclosed by the drying device, the plates (8) being produced in the drying device by a cover box (11) and subsequently by a pressure chamber ( 5) in the nozzle boxes (7, 7 ') introduced drying air for drying can be brought into contact and the drying air after absorption of moisture from the plates (8) via a suction chamber (9) can be discharged, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of nozzle box ( 7, 7 ') according to one of claims 1 to 11.
EP19720360.7A 2018-03-15 2019-03-15 Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials Active EP3765806B1 (en)

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US20210018265A1 (en) 2021-01-21
KR20200130727A (en) 2020-11-19
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JP2021519909A (en) 2021-08-12
DE102018002073A1 (en) 2019-09-19
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WO2019174784A1 (en) 2019-09-19
ES2939250T3 (en) 2023-04-20

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