EP3750669B1 - Outil manuel - Google Patents

Outil manuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3750669B1
EP3750669B1 EP20151995.6A EP20151995A EP3750669B1 EP 3750669 B1 EP3750669 B1 EP 3750669B1 EP 20151995 A EP20151995 A EP 20151995A EP 3750669 B1 EP3750669 B1 EP 3750669B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
handle
freewheel
tool
splined shaft
selector
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Application number
EP20151995.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3750669A1 (fr
Inventor
Alessandro Melozzi
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP3750669A1 publication Critical patent/EP3750669A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/06—Screwdrivers operated by axial movement of the handle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a manual tool and in particular to a screwdriver.
  • screwdrivers which comprise a handle, a stem and a tip with a shaped head, in such a way to be engaged in a head of a screw to rotate the screw in such a way to screw or unscrew the screw.
  • the user engages the head of the screwdriver in the head of the screw and rotates the handle manually by approximately 45° (maximum rotation permitted by the user's wrist) in such a way to rotate the screw; then, the user must detach the head of the screwdriver from the head of the screw in order to bring the wrist back to the initial position and start a new rotation of the screw.
  • US1304714 discloses a tool-driver consisting in a screwdriver according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art by disclosing a tool that, when operated as a screwdriver, is capable of constantly holding the screw, when screwing and when unscrewing the screw.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a tool that, when operated as a screwdriver, is capable of guiding the screw during the screwing and the unscrewing of the screw.
  • An additional purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a tool that is effective, reliable and easy to use.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose a versatile manual tool that is suitable for being used as a screwdriver, a drill or a cable clamp tool according to the tip installed in the tool.
  • the tool of the invention is defined by claim 1.
  • the tool (100) comprises an internally empty handle (I).
  • a splined shaft (6) is disposed inside the handle (I) and is connected to a tip (7) that protrudes frontally from the handle.
  • the tip (7) is provided with a head (70) that is suitably shaped in such a way to actuate a screw.
  • a first freewheel (C1) is mounted on the splined shaft (6) so that the first freewheel can rotate freely on the splined shaft in anticlockwise direction, but cannot rotate in clockwise direction.
  • a second freewheel (C2) is mounted on the splined shaft (6) so that the second freewheel can rotate freely on the splined shaft in clockwise direction, but cannot rotate in anticlockwise direction.
  • a selector (8) is mounted inside the handle (I) between the first freewheel (C1) and the second freewheel (C2).
  • the selector (8) rotates integrally with the handle (I).
  • the selector (8) can be axially moved between three positions:
  • Actuation means (A) are mounted in the handle (I) in such a way to be actuated by the user to move the selector (8) to the above mentioned three positions.
  • the selector (8) is disposed in one of the three positions, the selector translates integrally with the handle.
  • the handle (I) comprises a back body (1) and an intermediate body (2).
  • the actuation means (A) comprise a metal ring (3) that is revolvingly mounted between the back body and the intermediate body of the handle.
  • the metal ring (3) has an internal thread (30).
  • the selector (8) has a cylindrical body (80) with an external thread (81) that is engaged in the internal thread (30) of the metal ring. In view of the above, when rotating the metal ring (3), the selector (8) will move axially inside the handle.
  • the back body (1) of the handle has a through axial channel (10) wherein the splined shaft (6) is disposed.
  • a back spring (M1) is disposed in the axial channel (10) of the back body to frontally push the splined shaft (6).
  • a cover (9) is mounted in rear position in the back body (1) to close the axial channel (10) of the back body.
  • the first end of the back spring (M1) is stopped against a percussion pin (60) that is integral with the splined shaft (6), and the second end of the back spring (M1) is stopped against the cover (9).
  • the percussion pin (60) of the splined shaft has a cylindrical shank (61) around which a front portion of the back spring (M1) is wound.
  • the cover (9) has a cylindrical shank (90) wherein a back end portion of the back spring (M1) is wound.
  • the back body (1) of the handle has an annular groove (11) wherein the cylindrical body (80) of the selector can slide axially.
  • the selector has a longitudinal groove (82) that is engaged with a longitudinal rib of the back body (1) of the handle to prevent a rotation of the selector (8) relative to the back body (1) of the handle.
  • each freewheel (C1, C2) is provided with teeth (85) that protrude radially outwards, defining grooves (86). Moreover, each freewheel (C1, C2) has an internal thread (88) that is engaged with the splined shaft (6).
  • the selector (8) is provided with upper teeth (83) that protrude inwards in upper position and are suitable for being engaged in the grooves (86) of the first freewheel ( Fig. 9B ) and with lower teeth (84) that protrude inwards in lower position and are suitable for being engaged in the grooves (86) of the second freewheel ( Fig. 9C ).
  • the intermediate body (2) has a through axial channel (20) wherein the splined shaft (6) is disposed.
  • a front body (4) is fixed to the intermediate body (2).
  • a tube (5) is slidingly mounted in the front body (4) of the handle, in such a way to cover the tip (7) disposed inside the tube (5),
  • a front spring (M2) is disposed in the axial channel (20) of the intermediate body to push the tube (5) in an extracted position wherein the tube (5) protrudes frontally from the front body (4).
  • the tube (5) has a back collar (50) that protrudes radially outwards and is disposed in the front body (4) of the handle.
  • the intermediate body (2) of the handle has a back collar (22) that protrudes radially inwards in the axial channel (20) of the intermediate body.
  • the front body (4) has a front collar (42) that protrudes radially inwards to hold the back collar (50) of the tube.
  • the first end of the front spring (M2) is stopped against the back collar (50) of the tube, and the second end of the front spring (M2) is stopped against the back collar (22) of the intermediate body of the handle.
  • the tube (5) always surrounds the screw, both when screwing and when unscrewing, preventing the screw from taking an incorrect direction and/or from being ejected from its housing.
  • a dynamometer (D) can be disposed between the tip (7) and the splined shaft (6).
  • the splined shaft (6) has a front end portion with a prismatic coupling (62), which is suitable for engaging with a complementary prismatic coupling (72) disposed in a back portion of the tip (6) or of the dynamometer (D) or of other tools.
  • the prismatic coupling (62) of the splined shaft (6) can be a hexagonal female coupling.
  • the complementary prismatic coupling (72) of the tip or of the dynamometer (D) can be a hexagonal male coupling.
  • the dynamometer (D) will have a front portion with a hexagonal female coupling (62) that is suitable for coupling with the hexagonal male coupling of the tip (7).
  • the first freewheel (C1) can translate in forward position on the splined shaft, determining a rotation in clockwise direction of the splined shaft and can translate in rear position on the splined shaft, without determining any rotation of the splined shaft.
  • the second freewheel (C2) can translate in forward position on the splined shaft, determining a rotation in anticlockwise direction of the splined shaft and can translate in rear position on the splined shaft, without determining any rotation of the splined shaft.
  • the selector (8) When the selector (8) is in the first position, wherein the first freewheel (C1) is engaged, the selector (8) translates integrally with the handle (I). Therefore, when pushing the handle (I) towards the screw to be screwed, the first freewheel (C1) translates in forward position on the splined shaft and the splined shaft (6) is forcedly rotated in clockwise direction. Therefore, the tip (7) rotates in clockwise direction, screwing the screw.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a working step of the screwdriver, wherein the freewheels (C1, C2) are disposed in a front portion of the splined shaft (6) and the two springs (M1, M2) are compressed and loaded.
  • the selector (8) when the selector (8) is in the second position, wherein the second freewheel (C2) is engaged, the selector (8) translates integrally with the handle (I). Therefore, when pushing the handle (I) towards the screw to be unscrewed, the second freewheel (C2) translates in forward position on the splined shaft (6) that rotates in anticlockwise direction. Therefore, the tip (7) rotates in anticlockwise direction, unscrewing the screw.
  • the tool (100) according to the invention can be used to screw and unscrew a screw, without turning the wrist, by simply pushing the handle towards the screw.
  • a tool (200) according to a second embodiment is disclosed.
  • Each freewheel (C1, C2) comprises: a splined bushing (201) that is engaged in the splined shaft (6), a unidirectional bearing (202) and a toothed wheel (203).
  • the unidirectional bearing (202) has an internal ring that is fixed to the splined bushing (201) and an external ring that is fixed to the toothed wheel (203).
  • the internal ring and the external ring of the unidirectional bearing (202) are fixed to the splined bushing (201) and to the toothed wheel (203) by means of a temperature difference.
  • the toothed wheel has a seat for an elastic ring that provides the fixing with the body of the tool.
  • the percussion pin (60) is separate from the splined shaft and is splined in an upper end of the splined shaft.
  • the structure of such a tool permits to hit the cover (9) with a hammer in such a way to create impulsive torques on the tip (7), acting on the head of the blocked screw and making unscrewing easier.
  • Figs. 1 to 16 show a tool consisting in a screwdriver wherein the tip (7) has a head (70) suitable for engaging with the head of a screw.
  • the tip (7) can be replaced with a different tip, such as for example a head of a drill used for drilling holes.
  • Figs. 17 and 18 show a tool (300) according to a third embodiment, wherein the tip (7) is replaced with a spindle tip (307).
  • the spindle tip (307) comprises an internally empty stem (370) with an axial channel (371).
  • the stem (370) has a head (372) that comprises flexible tabs (373) that define a hole (374) in communication with the axial channel (371) of the stem.
  • a collar (376) is disposed around the stem.
  • a slider (375) is disposed around the flexible tabs (373) to go from an extracted position, wherein the flexible tabs are pushed, reducing the hole (374), to a retracted position, wherein the flexible tabs are spread outwards, enlarging the hole (374).
  • a spring (377) is disposed between the slider and the collar to push the slider to the extracted position.
  • the spindle tip (307) can be used to tighten a cable that is disposed inside the axial channel (371) of the stem.
  • the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft (6) have a through axial hole for inserting the cable.
  • the user moves the slider (375) to the retracted position, inserting the cable in the axial channel of the stem.
  • the user inserts the cable from the cover (9).
  • the cable passes through the axial channel (10), the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft (6), reaching the axial channel (371) of the tip.
  • the user releases the slider (375) and the spring (377) pushes the slider to the extracted position, in such a way that the cable is tightened by the tabs (373).
  • Figs. 19 and 21 show a tool (400) according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the tool (400) comprises a handle (I) that comprises:
  • the tool (400) comprises an internal mechanism that comprises:
  • the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft are provided with through axial holes for inserting a cable.
  • Each freewheel (C1, C2) comprises:
  • the selector (8) is a sleeve with internal grooves (89) suitable for being engaged in the toothing of the toothed wheels (203) of the two freewheels.
  • Such a tool (400) can use a screwdriver tip (7), a drill tip (not shown), a spindle tip (307), a tip (407) with a dynamometer (D) disposed between a screwdriver head (70) and a stem (470) that is fixed to the coupling (65) of the splined shaft.
  • a screwdriver tip (7) a drill tip (not shown), a spindle tip (307), a tip (407) with a dynamometer (D) disposed between a screwdriver head (70) and a stem (470) that is fixed to the coupling (65) of the splined shaft.
  • the user can choose the rotational direction or can block the tip (7) of the tool relative to the handle (I).
  • the selector (8) is simultaneously coupled with the two toothed wheels (203) of the first freewheel and of the second freewheel, preventing a rotation of the two toothed wheels (203) of the first freewheel and of the second freewheel. Therefore, the splined shaft (6) cannot rotate relative to the handle (I), forcing the tool to operate as an ordinary screwdriver wherein the tip (7) is integral with the handle (I).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Outil (100; 200; 300; 400) comprenant :
    - une poignée (I) creuse à l'intérieur,
    - un arbre rainuré (6) monté coulissant axialement dans la poignée (I),
    - une pointe (7; 307; 407) reliée à l'arbre rainuré (6) et qui déborde antérieurement de la poignée,
    - une première roue libre (C1) montée sur l'arbre rainuré (6) de manière que l'arbre rainuré tourne dans le sens horaire lorsque la première roue libre se déplace en avant par rapport à l'arbre rainuré et l'arbre rainuré ne tourne pas par rapport à la première roue libre lorsque la première roue libre se déplace en arrière par rapport à l'arbre rainuré,
    - une seconde roue libre (C2) montée sur l'arbre rainuré (6) de manière que l'arbre rainuré tourne dans le sens anti-horaire lorsque la seconde roue libre se déplace en avant par rapport à l'arbre rainuré et l'arbre rainuré ne tourne pas lorsque la seconde roue libre se déplace en arrière par rapport à l'arbre rainuré,
    - un sélecteur (8) solidaire en rotation avec la poignée (I) et qui peut être déplacé sur une première position où le sélecteur est solidaire en rotation uniquement avec la première roue libre (C1), et une seconde position où le sélecteur est solidaire en rotation uniquement avec la seconde roue libre (C2),
    - des moyens d'activation (A) montés dans la poignée (I) de manière à pouvoir être activés par l'utilisateur pour déplacer le sélecteur (8) sur lesdites première et seconde position, et
    - un ressort arrière (M1) disposé dans la poignée pour pousser vers l'avant l'arbre rainuré (6) ;
    où la poignée (I) comprend un corps postérieur (1) et un corps intermédiaire (2) et les moyens d'activation (A) comprennent une frette (3) montée pivotante entre le corps postérieur et le corps intermédiaire de la poignée ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    la frette (3) a un filetage interne (30) et le sélecteur (8) a un corps cylindrique (80) avec un filetage externe (81) qui s'engage dans le filetage interne (30) de la frette.
  2. Outil (100) selon la revendication 1, où le corps postérieur (1) de la poignée a une rainure annulaire (11) dans laquelle peut coulisser axialement le corps cylindrique (80) du sélecteur et le sélecteur a une rainure longitudinale (82) qui s'engage avec une nervure longitudinale du corps postérieur (1) de la poignée pour éviter une rotation du sélecteur (8) par rapport au corps postérieur (1) de la poignée.
  3. Outil (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où chaque roue libre (C1, C2) est munie de dents (85) qui débordent radialement vers l'externe en définissant des rainures (86), et le sélecteur (8) est muni de dents supérieures (83), qui débordent supérieurement vers l'interne, aptes à s'engager dans les rainures (86) de la première roue libre (C1) et de dents inférieures (84), qui débordent inférieurement vers l'interne, aptes à s'engager dans les rainures (86) de la seconde roue libre (C2).
  4. Outil selon la revendication 1, où chaque roue libre (C1, C2) comprend une bague rainurée (201) qui s'engage sur l'arbre rainuré (6), un roulement unidirectionnel (202) et une roue dentée (203) ; le roulement unidirectionnel (202) ayant un anneau interne fixé à la bague rainurée (201) et un anneau externe fixé à la roue dentée (203).
  5. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où le ressort postérieur (M1) est disposé dans un canal axial (10) du corps postérieur de la poignée et un couvercle (9) est monté postérieurement dans le corps postérieur (1) pour fermer le canal axial (10) du corps postérieur; le ressort postérieur (M1) ayant une première extrémité qui va en butée sur un percuteur (60) de l'arbre rainuré (6) et une seconde extrémité qui va en butée contre le couvercle (9).
  6. Outil (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant :
    - un tube (5) monté coulissant dans la poignée et qui déborde antérieurement de la poignée de manière à couvrir la pointe (7) disposée dans le tube (5),
    - un ressort antérieur (M2) disposé dans la poignée pour solliciter le tube (5) sur une position extraite où le tube (5) déborde antérieurement de la poignée.
  7. Outil (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes où ledit sélecteur (8) peut etre déplacé sur une position intermédiaire où il est solidaire en rotation tant avec la première roue libre qu'avec la seconde roue libre.
  8. Outil (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où la poignée (I) comprend un corps antérieur (4) fixé au corps intermédiaire (2) ; le ressort antérieur (M2) est disposé dans un canal axial (20) du corps intermédiaire ; le tube (5) est muni d'un collier postérieur (50) qui déborde radialement vers l'externe et il est disposé dans le corps antérieur (4) de la poignée ; le corps intermédiaire (2) de la poignée est muni d'un collier postérieur (22) qui déborde radialement vers l'interne dans le canal axial (20) du corps intermédiaire ; le ressort antérieur (M2) est muni d'une première extrémité en butée contre le collier postérieur (50) du tube et une seconde extrémité en butée contre le collier postérieur (22) du corps intermédiaire de la poignée.
  9. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit outil comprend également un dynamomètre (D) disposé entre la pointe (7) et l'arbre rainuré (6).
  10. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ladite pointe (7) est munie d'une tête (70) d'un tournevis.
  11. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 9, où ladite pointe est munie de la tête d'une perceuse.
  12. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ladite pointe est munie de la tête d'un mandrin (307).
  13. Outil selon la revendication 12, où ladite pointe en forme de mandrin (307) comprend :
    - une tige (370) creuse à l'intérieur ayant un canal axial (371)
    - une tête (372) comprenant des ailettes flexibles (373) qui définissent un orifice (374) qui communique avec le canal axial (371) de la tige,
    - un collier (376) disposé autour de la tige,
    - un curseur (375) disposé autour des ailettes flexibles (373) pour passer d'une position extraite, où il pousse les ailettes flexibles, en rétrécissant l'orifice (374), à une position rétractée, où les ailettes flexibles s'ouvrent vers l'externe en élargissant l'orifice (374), et
    - un ressort (377) disposé entre le curseur et le collier pour pousser le curseur sur la position extraite.
EP20151995.6A 2019-01-18 2020-02-11 Outil manuel Active EP3750669B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201900000795 2019-01-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3750669A1 EP3750669A1 (fr) 2020-12-16
EP3750669B1 true EP3750669B1 (fr) 2022-04-20

Family

ID=66218324

Family Applications (1)

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EP20151995.6A Active EP3750669B1 (fr) 2019-01-18 2020-02-11 Outil manuel

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3750669B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024089661A1 (fr) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-02 Alessandro Melozzi Outil manuel

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1304714A (en) 1919-05-27 Tool-driver
US791766A (en) * 1903-04-04 1905-06-06 North Brothers Mfg Company Push screw-driver or drill.
US796416A (en) * 1904-12-17 1905-08-08 Frank L Eager Mechanical movement.
US1061773A (en) * 1912-12-18 1913-05-13 John Nahlinger Driving mechanism for spiral-tool drivers.
US2188158A (en) * 1937-03-03 1940-01-23 George L Rock Screw driver
US2646687A (en) * 1951-06-15 1953-07-28 Wald William E De Helical shaft machine

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