EP3750669B1 - Handwerkzeug - Google Patents

Handwerkzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3750669B1
EP3750669B1 EP20151995.6A EP20151995A EP3750669B1 EP 3750669 B1 EP3750669 B1 EP 3750669B1 EP 20151995 A EP20151995 A EP 20151995A EP 3750669 B1 EP3750669 B1 EP 3750669B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
handle
freewheel
tool
splined shaft
selector
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Application number
EP20151995.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3750669A1 (de
Inventor
Alessandro Melozzi
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/06—Screwdrivers operated by axial movement of the handle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a manual tool and in particular to a screwdriver.
  • screwdrivers which comprise a handle, a stem and a tip with a shaped head, in such a way to be engaged in a head of a screw to rotate the screw in such a way to screw or unscrew the screw.
  • the user engages the head of the screwdriver in the head of the screw and rotates the handle manually by approximately 45° (maximum rotation permitted by the user's wrist) in such a way to rotate the screw; then, the user must detach the head of the screwdriver from the head of the screw in order to bring the wrist back to the initial position and start a new rotation of the screw.
  • US1304714 discloses a tool-driver consisting in a screwdriver according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art by disclosing a tool that, when operated as a screwdriver, is capable of constantly holding the screw, when screwing and when unscrewing the screw.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a tool that, when operated as a screwdriver, is capable of guiding the screw during the screwing and the unscrewing of the screw.
  • An additional purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a tool that is effective, reliable and easy to use.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose a versatile manual tool that is suitable for being used as a screwdriver, a drill or a cable clamp tool according to the tip installed in the tool.
  • the tool of the invention is defined by claim 1.
  • the tool (100) comprises an internally empty handle (I).
  • a splined shaft (6) is disposed inside the handle (I) and is connected to a tip (7) that protrudes frontally from the handle.
  • the tip (7) is provided with a head (70) that is suitably shaped in such a way to actuate a screw.
  • a first freewheel (C1) is mounted on the splined shaft (6) so that the first freewheel can rotate freely on the splined shaft in anticlockwise direction, but cannot rotate in clockwise direction.
  • a second freewheel (C2) is mounted on the splined shaft (6) so that the second freewheel can rotate freely on the splined shaft in clockwise direction, but cannot rotate in anticlockwise direction.
  • a selector (8) is mounted inside the handle (I) between the first freewheel (C1) and the second freewheel (C2).
  • the selector (8) rotates integrally with the handle (I).
  • the selector (8) can be axially moved between three positions:
  • Actuation means (A) are mounted in the handle (I) in such a way to be actuated by the user to move the selector (8) to the above mentioned three positions.
  • the selector (8) is disposed in one of the three positions, the selector translates integrally with the handle.
  • the handle (I) comprises a back body (1) and an intermediate body (2).
  • the actuation means (A) comprise a metal ring (3) that is revolvingly mounted between the back body and the intermediate body of the handle.
  • the metal ring (3) has an internal thread (30).
  • the selector (8) has a cylindrical body (80) with an external thread (81) that is engaged in the internal thread (30) of the metal ring. In view of the above, when rotating the metal ring (3), the selector (8) will move axially inside the handle.
  • the back body (1) of the handle has a through axial channel (10) wherein the splined shaft (6) is disposed.
  • a back spring (M1) is disposed in the axial channel (10) of the back body to frontally push the splined shaft (6).
  • a cover (9) is mounted in rear position in the back body (1) to close the axial channel (10) of the back body.
  • the first end of the back spring (M1) is stopped against a percussion pin (60) that is integral with the splined shaft (6), and the second end of the back spring (M1) is stopped against the cover (9).
  • the percussion pin (60) of the splined shaft has a cylindrical shank (61) around which a front portion of the back spring (M1) is wound.
  • the cover (9) has a cylindrical shank (90) wherein a back end portion of the back spring (M1) is wound.
  • the back body (1) of the handle has an annular groove (11) wherein the cylindrical body (80) of the selector can slide axially.
  • the selector has a longitudinal groove (82) that is engaged with a longitudinal rib of the back body (1) of the handle to prevent a rotation of the selector (8) relative to the back body (1) of the handle.
  • each freewheel (C1, C2) is provided with teeth (85) that protrude radially outwards, defining grooves (86). Moreover, each freewheel (C1, C2) has an internal thread (88) that is engaged with the splined shaft (6).
  • the selector (8) is provided with upper teeth (83) that protrude inwards in upper position and are suitable for being engaged in the grooves (86) of the first freewheel ( Fig. 9B ) and with lower teeth (84) that protrude inwards in lower position and are suitable for being engaged in the grooves (86) of the second freewheel ( Fig. 9C ).
  • the intermediate body (2) has a through axial channel (20) wherein the splined shaft (6) is disposed.
  • a front body (4) is fixed to the intermediate body (2).
  • a tube (5) is slidingly mounted in the front body (4) of the handle, in such a way to cover the tip (7) disposed inside the tube (5),
  • a front spring (M2) is disposed in the axial channel (20) of the intermediate body to push the tube (5) in an extracted position wherein the tube (5) protrudes frontally from the front body (4).
  • the tube (5) has a back collar (50) that protrudes radially outwards and is disposed in the front body (4) of the handle.
  • the intermediate body (2) of the handle has a back collar (22) that protrudes radially inwards in the axial channel (20) of the intermediate body.
  • the front body (4) has a front collar (42) that protrudes radially inwards to hold the back collar (50) of the tube.
  • the first end of the front spring (M2) is stopped against the back collar (50) of the tube, and the second end of the front spring (M2) is stopped against the back collar (22) of the intermediate body of the handle.
  • the tube (5) always surrounds the screw, both when screwing and when unscrewing, preventing the screw from taking an incorrect direction and/or from being ejected from its housing.
  • a dynamometer (D) can be disposed between the tip (7) and the splined shaft (6).
  • the splined shaft (6) has a front end portion with a prismatic coupling (62), which is suitable for engaging with a complementary prismatic coupling (72) disposed in a back portion of the tip (6) or of the dynamometer (D) or of other tools.
  • the prismatic coupling (62) of the splined shaft (6) can be a hexagonal female coupling.
  • the complementary prismatic coupling (72) of the tip or of the dynamometer (D) can be a hexagonal male coupling.
  • the dynamometer (D) will have a front portion with a hexagonal female coupling (62) that is suitable for coupling with the hexagonal male coupling of the tip (7).
  • the first freewheel (C1) can translate in forward position on the splined shaft, determining a rotation in clockwise direction of the splined shaft and can translate in rear position on the splined shaft, without determining any rotation of the splined shaft.
  • the second freewheel (C2) can translate in forward position on the splined shaft, determining a rotation in anticlockwise direction of the splined shaft and can translate in rear position on the splined shaft, without determining any rotation of the splined shaft.
  • the selector (8) When the selector (8) is in the first position, wherein the first freewheel (C1) is engaged, the selector (8) translates integrally with the handle (I). Therefore, when pushing the handle (I) towards the screw to be screwed, the first freewheel (C1) translates in forward position on the splined shaft and the splined shaft (6) is forcedly rotated in clockwise direction. Therefore, the tip (7) rotates in clockwise direction, screwing the screw.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a working step of the screwdriver, wherein the freewheels (C1, C2) are disposed in a front portion of the splined shaft (6) and the two springs (M1, M2) are compressed and loaded.
  • the selector (8) when the selector (8) is in the second position, wherein the second freewheel (C2) is engaged, the selector (8) translates integrally with the handle (I). Therefore, when pushing the handle (I) towards the screw to be unscrewed, the second freewheel (C2) translates in forward position on the splined shaft (6) that rotates in anticlockwise direction. Therefore, the tip (7) rotates in anticlockwise direction, unscrewing the screw.
  • the tool (100) according to the invention can be used to screw and unscrew a screw, without turning the wrist, by simply pushing the handle towards the screw.
  • a tool (200) according to a second embodiment is disclosed.
  • Each freewheel (C1, C2) comprises: a splined bushing (201) that is engaged in the splined shaft (6), a unidirectional bearing (202) and a toothed wheel (203).
  • the unidirectional bearing (202) has an internal ring that is fixed to the splined bushing (201) and an external ring that is fixed to the toothed wheel (203).
  • the internal ring and the external ring of the unidirectional bearing (202) are fixed to the splined bushing (201) and to the toothed wheel (203) by means of a temperature difference.
  • the toothed wheel has a seat for an elastic ring that provides the fixing with the body of the tool.
  • the percussion pin (60) is separate from the splined shaft and is splined in an upper end of the splined shaft.
  • the structure of such a tool permits to hit the cover (9) with a hammer in such a way to create impulsive torques on the tip (7), acting on the head of the blocked screw and making unscrewing easier.
  • Figs. 1 to 16 show a tool consisting in a screwdriver wherein the tip (7) has a head (70) suitable for engaging with the head of a screw.
  • the tip (7) can be replaced with a different tip, such as for example a head of a drill used for drilling holes.
  • Figs. 17 and 18 show a tool (300) according to a third embodiment, wherein the tip (7) is replaced with a spindle tip (307).
  • the spindle tip (307) comprises an internally empty stem (370) with an axial channel (371).
  • the stem (370) has a head (372) that comprises flexible tabs (373) that define a hole (374) in communication with the axial channel (371) of the stem.
  • a collar (376) is disposed around the stem.
  • a slider (375) is disposed around the flexible tabs (373) to go from an extracted position, wherein the flexible tabs are pushed, reducing the hole (374), to a retracted position, wherein the flexible tabs are spread outwards, enlarging the hole (374).
  • a spring (377) is disposed between the slider and the collar to push the slider to the extracted position.
  • the spindle tip (307) can be used to tighten a cable that is disposed inside the axial channel (371) of the stem.
  • the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft (6) have a through axial hole for inserting the cable.
  • the user moves the slider (375) to the retracted position, inserting the cable in the axial channel of the stem.
  • the user inserts the cable from the cover (9).
  • the cable passes through the axial channel (10), the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft (6), reaching the axial channel (371) of the tip.
  • the user releases the slider (375) and the spring (377) pushes the slider to the extracted position, in such a way that the cable is tightened by the tabs (373).
  • Figs. 19 and 21 show a tool (400) according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the tool (400) comprises a handle (I) that comprises:
  • the tool (400) comprises an internal mechanism that comprises:
  • the percussion pin (60) and the splined shaft are provided with through axial holes for inserting a cable.
  • Each freewheel (C1, C2) comprises:
  • the selector (8) is a sleeve with internal grooves (89) suitable for being engaged in the toothing of the toothed wheels (203) of the two freewheels.
  • Such a tool (400) can use a screwdriver tip (7), a drill tip (not shown), a spindle tip (307), a tip (407) with a dynamometer (D) disposed between a screwdriver head (70) and a stem (470) that is fixed to the coupling (65) of the splined shaft.
  • a screwdriver tip (7) a drill tip (not shown), a spindle tip (307), a tip (407) with a dynamometer (D) disposed between a screwdriver head (70) and a stem (470) that is fixed to the coupling (65) of the splined shaft.
  • the user can choose the rotational direction or can block the tip (7) of the tool relative to the handle (I).
  • the selector (8) is simultaneously coupled with the two toothed wheels (203) of the first freewheel and of the second freewheel, preventing a rotation of the two toothed wheels (203) of the first freewheel and of the second freewheel. Therefore, the splined shaft (6) cannot rotate relative to the handle (I), forcing the tool to operate as an ordinary screwdriver wherein the tip (7) is integral with the handle (I).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Werkzeug (100; 200; 300; 400), umfassend:
    - einen inwendig hohlen Griff (I),
    - eine verzahnte Welle (6), die axial verschiebbar im Innern des Griffs (I) montiert ist,
    - eine Spitze (7; 307; 407), die mit der verzahnten Welle (6) verbunden ist und vorn aus dem Griff vorsteht,
    - eine erste Freilaufeinrichtung (C1), die so auf der verzahnten Welle (6) montiert ist, dass die verzahnte Welle sich im Uhrzeigersinn dreht, wenn die erste Freilaufeinrichtung sich relativ zur verzahnten Welle nach vorn verschiebt und die verzahnte Welle sich nicht relativ zur ersten Freilaufeinrichtung dreht, wenn die erste Freilaufeinrichtung sich relativ zur verzahnten Welle nach hinten verschiebt,
    - eine zweite Freilaufeinrichtung (C2), die so auf der verzahnten Welle (6) montiert ist, dass sich die verzahnte Welle im Gegenuhrzeigersinn dreht, wenn die zweite Freilaufeinrichtung sich relativ zur verzahnten Welle nach vorn verschiebt und die verzahnte Welle sich nicht dreht, wenn die zweite Freilaufeinrichtung sich relativ zur verzahnten Welle nach hinten verschiebt,
    - einen Wählschalter (8), der drehfest mit dem Griff (I) ist und in eine erste Position beweglich ist, in der der Wählschalter nur mit der ersten Freilaufeinrichtung (C1) drehfest ist, und in eine zweite Position beweglich ist, in der der Wählschalter nur mit der zweiten Freilaufeinrichtung (C2) drehfest ist,
    - Betätigungsmittel (A), die im Griff (I) so montiert sind, dass sie vom Benutzer betätigt werden können, um den Wählschalter (8) in die erste und zweite Position zu verschieben, und
    - eine hintere Feder (M1), die in dem Griff so angeordnet ist, dass sie die verzahnte Welle (6) nach vorn schiebt;
    wobei der Griff (I) einen hinteren Körper (1) und einen Zwischenkörper (2) umfasst und die Betätigungsmittel (A) einen Metallring (3) umfassen, der drehbar zwischen dem hinteren Körper und dem Zwischenkörper des Griffs montiert ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Metallring (3) ein Innengewinde (30) aufweist und der Wählschalter (8) einen zylindrischen Körper (80) mit einem Außengewinde (81) aufweist, das in das Innengewinde (30) des Metallrings eingreift.
  2. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, wobei der hintere Körper (1) des Griffs eine Ringnut (11) aufweist, in der der zylindrische Körper (80) des Wählschalters axial verschiebbar ist und der Wählschalter eine Längsnut (82) aufweist, in die eine Längsrippe des hinteren Körpers (1) des Griffs eingreift, um eine Drehung des Wählschalters (8) relativ zum hinteren Körper (1) des Griffs zu verhindern.
  3. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede Freilaufeinrichtung (C1, C2) Zähne (85) aufweist, die radial nach außen vorstehen und Nuten (86) definieren und wobei der Wählschalter (8) mit oberen Zähnen (83) versehen ist, die in oberer Position nach innen vorstehen und dazu geeignet sind, die Nuten (86) der ersten Freilaufeinrichtung (C1) in Eingriff zu nehmen, und mit unteren Zähnen (84) versehen ist, die in unterer Position nach innen vorstehen und dazu geeignet sind, die Nuten (86) der zweiten Freilaufeinrichtung (C2) in Eingriff zu nehmen.
  4. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, wobei jede Freilaufeinrichtung (C1, C2) eine in die verzahnte Welle (6) eingreifende verzahnte Buchse (201), ein in einer Richtung laufendes Lager (202) und ein Zahnrad (203) umfasst; wobei das in einer Richtung laufende Lager (202) einen inneren Ring aufweist, der an der verzahnten Buchse (201) befestigt ist und einen äußeren Ring, der an dem Zahnrad (203) befestigt ist.
  5. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die hintere Feder (M1) in einem axialen Kanal (10) des hinteren Körpers des Griffs angeordnet ist und ein Deckel (9) in hinterer Position im hinteren Körper (1) montiert ist, um den axialen Kanal (10) des hinteren Körpers zu verschließen; wobei der erste Endabschnitt der hinteren Feder (M1) an einem Schlagbolzen (60) der verzahnten Welle (60) in Anschlag geht und der zweite Endabschnitt der hinteren Feder (M1) gegen den Deckel (9) in Anschlag geht.
  6. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend:
    - ein Röhrchen (5), das verschiebbar im Griff montiert ist und vorn so aus dem Griff vorsteht, dass die in dem Röhrchen (5) angeordnete Spitze (7) bedeckt ist,
    - eine vordere Feder (M2), die in dem Griff angeordnet ist, um das Röhrchen (5) in eine ausgezogene Position zu schieben, in der das Röhrchen (5) vorn aus dem Griff vorsteht.
  7. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Wählschalter (8) in eine Zwischenposition verschiebbar ist, in der er sowohl mit der ersten Freilaufeinrichtung als auch mit der zweiten Freilaufeinrichtung drehfest ist.
  8. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Griff (I) einen vorderen Körper (4) umfasst, der an dem Zwischenkörper (2) befestigt ist; die vordere Feder (M2) in einem axialen Kanal (20) des Zwischenkörpers angeordnet ist; das Röhrchen (5) einen hinteren Bund (50) aufweist, der radial nach außen vorsteht und in dem vorderen Körper (4) des Griffs angeordnet ist; der Zwischenkörper (2) des Griffs einen hinteren Bund (22) aufweist, der radial ins Innere des axialen Kanals (20) des Zwischenkörpers vorsteht; der erste Endabschnitt der vorderen Feder (M2) gegen den hinteren Bund (50) des Röhrchens in Anschlag geht und der zweite Endabschnitt der vorderen Feder (M2) gegen den hinteren Bund (22) des Zwischenkörpers des Griffs in Anschlag geht.
  9. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Werkzeug ferner ein Dynamometer (D) umfasst, das zwischen der Spitze (7) und der verzahnten Welle (6) angeordnet ist.
  10. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Spitze (7) einen Kopf (70) eines Schraubendrehers aufweist.
  11. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Spitze einen Kopf eines Bohrers aufweist.
  12. Werkzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Spitze des Werkzeugs eine Spindelspitze (307) umfasst.
  13. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Spindelspitze ((307) umfasst:
    - einen inwendig hohlen Schaft (370) mit einem axialen Kanal (371)
    - einen Kopf (372), umfassend flexible Laschen (373), die ein Loch (374) definieren, das mit dem axialen Kanal (371) des Schafts in Verbindung steht,
    - einen Bund (376), der um den Schaft herum angeordnet ist,
    - einen Schieber (375), der um die flexiblen Laschen (373) herum angeordnet ist, um von einer ausgezogenen Position, in der die flexiblen Laschen zusammengedrückt werden und das Loch (374) verkleinert wird, in eine eingezogene Position überzugehen, in der die flexiblen Laschen nach außen gespreizt werden und das Loch (374) erweitert wird, und
    - eine Feder (377), die zwischen dem Schieber und dem Bund angeordnet ist, um den Schieber in die ausgezogene Position zu schieben.
EP20151995.6A 2019-01-18 2020-02-11 Handwerkzeug Active EP3750669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201900000795 2019-01-18

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3750669A1 EP3750669A1 (de) 2020-12-16
EP3750669B1 true EP3750669B1 (de) 2022-04-20

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024089661A1 (en) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-02 Alessandro Melozzi Hand tool

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1304714A (en) 1919-05-27 Tool-driver
US791766A (en) * 1903-04-04 1905-06-06 North Brothers Mfg Company Push screw-driver or drill.
US796416A (en) * 1904-12-17 1905-08-08 Frank L Eager Mechanical movement.
US1061773A (en) * 1912-12-18 1913-05-13 John Nahlinger Driving mechanism for spiral-tool drivers.
US2188158A (en) * 1937-03-03 1940-01-23 George L Rock Screw driver
US2646687A (en) * 1951-06-15 1953-07-28 Wald William E De Helical shaft machine

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