EP3725985B1 - Door opener - Google Patents
Door opener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3725985B1 EP3725985B1 EP20161597.8A EP20161597A EP3725985B1 EP 3725985 B1 EP3725985 B1 EP 3725985B1 EP 20161597 A EP20161597 A EP 20161597A EP 3725985 B1 EP3725985 B1 EP 3725985B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- force transmission
- door opener
- force
- housing
- blocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 129
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 108010074506 Transfer Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0046—Electric or magnetic means in the striker or on the frame; Operating or controlling the striker plate
- E05B47/0047—Striker rotating about an axis parallel to the wing edge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
- E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
- E05B47/0004—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being linearly movable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0038—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means using permanent magnets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a door opener with a housing and a latch element, the latch element being movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the door opener further comprising a power transmission lever, a locking body and a switching element, the power transmission lever between a basic position and a transfer position in the Housing is mounted, the switching element is movably mounted in the housing by a switching unit switchable between a locking position and an unlocking position.
- Door openers are used in modern technology to enable or prevent an opening movement of a door in a controllable manner.
- known door openers have at least one latch element which is designed for mostly positive contact with a door latch of the door.
- the latch element is also movably mounted in a housing of the door opener between a closed position and an open position, the latch element preferably being lockable in its closed position in such a way that an opening movement of the door can thereby be prevented via the form fit with the door latch of the door.
- An arrangement of the door opener in a frame of the door and an arrangement of the door latch on and / or in a door leaf of the door are described above. Of course, a reverse arrangement is also conceivable in known door openers.
- known door openers mostly have an internal mechanism which is in mechanical operative connection with the latch element of the door opener and via which the movement of the latch element is blocked.
- Part of such mechanisms can include, for example, lever elements that are rotatably mounted in the housing of the door opener and / or further components mounted in corresponding receptacles of the door opener.
- the elements of these mechanics are internally and mechanically operatively connected to the latch element in such a way that a movement of the latch element between its open position and closed position or vice versa also results in corresponding movements of the elements of the mechanisms.
- Known door openers in particular known door openers constructed according to the above operating principle, must provide that a force acting on the latch element when attempting to open the door can be compensated or at least substantially compensated for by the door opener.
- This places high mechanical demands in particular on the switching element and / or a switching unit that actuates the switching element, since these attempts to open the door often exert high forces on the door to be held in the closed state and these forces ultimately affect the switching element and / or the switching unit internally in the door opener must be passed on and thus have to be compensated by them.
- the switching element and / or the switching unit are correspondingly solid or stable in known door openers.
- this can lead to disadvantages with regard to the installation space required for these elements and, for example, also to a high weight of the entire door opener.
- the object is achieved by a door opener with a housing and a latch element, wherein the latch element is movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the door opener further comprising a power transmission lever, a locking body and a switching element, the power transmission lever between a Base position and a transfer position is stored in the housing, the switching element is mounted in the housing so that it can be switched between a locking position and an unlocking position by a switching unit, the locking body being mounted in a stationary housing receptacle within the housing which defines a direction of displacement for the locking body and the locking body defined by the power transmission lever and the locking body can be moved by the power transmission lever within the stationary housing receptacle in the displacement direction between a locking position and a release position.
- a door opener according to the invention is intended for use in a door for which the door opener can be used to prevent or enable an opening movement.
- the door opener has a housing and a latch element movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the latch element being designed, for example, for positive contact with a door latch of the door.
- the latch element can preferably be designed as a rotary latch.
- a mechanism is arranged internally in the door opener or in the housing of the door opener in order to provide the switched enabling or preventing an opening movement of the door.
- this mechanism includes, in particular, a force transmission lever, a locking body and a switching element.
- the power transmission lever is mounted in the housing of the door opener between a basic position and a transfer position.
- the locking body in turn is mounted in a particularly directly movable manner in a housing receptacle of the housing between a locking position and a release position along a displacement direction.
- the switching element is also movably mounted in the housing, in particular between a locked position and an unlocked position, and it can also be switched between these positions by a switching unit of the door opener.
- Such a door opener is off, for example DE 20 2010 002 544 U1 known.
- the power transmission lever at least partially forms a first mechanical operative connection between the latch element and the blocking body
- the blocking body at least partly a second mechanical operative connection between the force transmission lever and the switching element
- the switching element at least partly a third mechanical operative connection between the blocking body and the switching unit.
- the above-described mechanical operative connections and the cascading force transmission provided by them also make it possible, at least in principle, for a movement of the latch element from its closed position into its open position in a movement of the force transmission lever causes its basic position in its transfer position, the locking body from its locking position in its release position and the switching element from its locking position in its unlocking position.
- a fixed arrangement of the switching element in its locking position can prevent a door from opening, since a switching element fixed in the locking position causes a movement of the locking body from its locking position into its release position, a movement of the power transmission lever from its Basic position in its transfer position and ultimately also a movement of the latch element from its closed position to its open position is prevented or at least substantially prevented.
- Such a fixed arrangement of the switching element in its locking position can be provided, for example, by the switching unit.
- the first, second and / or third mechanical operative connection between the individual elements of the door opener according to the invention are designed in a special way.
- a force transmitted via the first mechanical operative connection is reduced by a first force transmission factor and / or a force transmitted via the second mechanical operative connection is reduced by a second force transmission factor and / or a force transmitted via the third mechanical operative connection is reduced by a third force transmission factor.
- the respective force transmission factor designates for the corresponding mechanical operative connection the ratio of the force exerted on the respective force transmitter to the force transmitted by the respective force transmitter.
- the first force transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the latch element exerts on the force transmission lever to the force with which the force transmission lever acts on the locking body.
- the second power transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the power transmission lever exerts on the locking body to the force with which the locking body acts on the switching element, or the third force transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the locking body exerts on the switching element to the force with which the switching element acts on the switching unit.
- the force that is transmitted in the corresponding mechanical operative connection is preferably reduced by each of these force transmission factors.
- at least one of the force transmission factors, preferably all of the force transmission factors, is greater than 1.
- a force which is transmitted from the force transmission lever to the locking body is smaller by a first force transmission factor than the force which is exerted by the latch element on the force transmission lever.
- This can be provided, for example, by a corresponding design of the power transmission lever and its storage in the housing, with the fraction of the force introduced into the power transmission lever that is not passed on to the locking body, preferably diverted into the housing of the door opener.
- the same principle can also be implemented for the locking body in the course of the second mechanical operative connection, with the force transmitted by the locking body to the switching element being reduced by a second force transmission factor compared to a force introduced into the locking body by the force transmission lever.
- the fraction of the force that is not passed on can be diverted to the housing of the door opener via the mounting of the locking body.
- the considerations set out above with regard to power transmission can, again, alternatively or additionally, be applied, in particular that the force transmitted by the switching element to the switching unit is compared is reduced by a third force transmission factor to a force introduced by the locking body into the switching element.
- the presence of a third force transmission factor can provide a preferably further reduction in the force to be provided by the switching element or the switching unit for securely locking the door opener or the latch element in its closed position.
- the fraction of the force that is not passed on, which is absorbed by the switching element is diverted to the housing.
- a force that arises when attempting to open a door and acts on the latch element is reduced by the internal mechanics of the door opener according to the invention and is preferably at least partially diverted into the housing of the door opener.
- the cascading mechanical operative connections between the latch element, the power transmission lever, the locking body, the switching element and the switching unit can in particular be provided so that the force to be provided by the switching unit or the switching element is reduced by a total force transmission factor that corresponds to the product of the first, second and third force transmission factors.
- a force which is necessary to fix the switching element in its locking position and which mostly has to be provided by the switching unit can be reduced in a particularly simple manner in this way.
- Requirements for the switching unit with regard to its stability and / or its ability to generate force can be reduced in this way.
- a smaller and thus space-saving design of these elements can be made possible in this way.
- a door opener according to the invention can preferably be designed in such a way that the third mechanical operative connection is designed in such a way that a force remains which is transmitted from the blocking body to the switching unit via the third mechanical operative connection.
- the third mechanical operative connection is designed in such a way that a force remains which is transmitted from the blocking body to the switching unit via the third mechanical operative connection.
- the third mechanical operative connection is designed in such a way that no or at least essentially no force remains transmitted from the locking body to the switching unit via the third mechanical operative connection.
- the third mechanical operative connection in particular the operative connection between the blocking body and the switching element, is designed such that a force exerted by the blocking body on the switching element is diverted completely or at least substantially completely into the housing by the switching element.
- the third force transmission factor by which a force introduced into the switching element through the locking body in the third mechanical operative connection is greater than the force transmitted through the switching element to the switching unit is infinitely large.
- a door opener according to the invention Regardless of the magnitude of a force acting on the closed door when attempting to open it, in this embodiment of a door opener according to the invention there is no force component that could cause the switching element to move from its locking position to its unlocking position. The switching element thus remains in its locking position at all times and thus also the latch element in its closed position. In other words, the locking functionality of the door opener according to the invention cannot be overcome even with the use of great force. Use of a door opener according to the invention in this embodiment is therefore particularly advantageous for house doors and / or fire doors, for example.
- a door opener according to the invention can particularly preferably be designed in such a way that the first force transmission factor and / or the second force transmission factor and / or the third force transmission factor has a size of at least 10, preferably a size of at least 25.
- the respective force transmission factors of the individual mechanical active connections indicate the factor by which the force transmitted in each case is smaller than the force introduced.
- the cascading arrangement results of the elements of the mechanics of the door opener according to the invention, a total force transmission factor as the product of the individual force transmission factors. For example, for the embodiment in which the first, the second and the third force transmission factor has a size of 10, a total force transmission factor of 1000 can be achieved.
- the total force transfer factor is already 15625.
- a particularly large general reduction in the force exerted by the latch element via the mechanical operative connections on the switching unit can be provided, which makes demands on the stability and / or the general Design of the switching unit can be further reduced.
- the force transmission lever is mounted in the housing so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation. This is a mechanically particularly simple embodiment.
- a door opener according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the locking body is designed as a rotationally symmetrical rolling element, in particular as a ball and a cylinder, in particular with an axis of symmetry, it being preferred if, in order to provide the second force transmission factor, a displacement distance of a point of interaction of the The force transmission lever on the locking body and the axis of symmetry along the sliding direction is smaller, in particular at least two times smaller, preferably at least ten times smaller, particularly preferably at least twenty-five times smaller, than a projection distance of the point of interaction and the axis of symmetry transverse to the sliding direction.
- the locking body is designed as a rotationally symmetrical rolling body.
- a rolling element can be, for example, a ball or a cylinder, with particularly precisely manufactured and high-strength variants of these elements, for example a ball bearing ball, a dowel pin or the like, can be used.
- the locking body can be provided in a particularly stable and precise manner.
- the second force transmission factor can be fixed or at least substantially fixed by selecting a point of interaction of the force transmission lever on the locking body.
- the point of interaction has a displacement distance along the displacement direction and a projection distance transversely to the displacement direction.
- a force introduced into the locking body by the force transmission lever will also be divided into a force along the direction of displacement and transversely to the direction of displacement in this, in accordance with a ratio of these two distances. Only the force component along the direction of displacement can be passed on from the locking body to the switching element in the course of the second mechanical operative connection.
- the force component transverse to the direction of displacement is diverted into the housing, in particular the housing receptacle. In this way, the second force transmission factor can be set in a particularly simple manner by selecting the point of interaction.
- the point of interaction is not selected in such a way that, with respect to the axis of symmetry of the locking body, it is arranged completely transversely to the direction of displacement of the locking body in the housing receptacle. In other words, it can be ensured in this way that there is a displacement distance along the displacement direction and a projection distance transverse to the displacement direction for each possible point of interaction.
- the displacement distance is designed to be smaller than the projection distance.
- the displacement distance can preferably be at least twice, at least ten times or at least twenty-five times smaller than the projection distance.
- the switching element is designed as a lever mounted pivotably in the housing or as a slide mounted displaceably in the housing or as an armature element of an electromagnet.
- the respective embodiments of the switching element of a door opener according to the invention have different advantages.
- a third force transmission factor can be provided in a particularly simple manner, in the form of a lever analogous to that described above for the force transmission lever and the first mechanical operative connection, as a slide and as an anchor element analogous to the blocking body and the second mechanical operative connection described.
- a direct design as an anchor element of an electromagnet, in particular an electromagnet of the switching unit also enables a particularly compact design of the entire door opener according to the invention.
- a permanent magnet to support and / or provide a movement of the locking body from its locking position into its release position and / or in the housing a switchable electromagnet for moving the locking body from its release position into its locking position are arranged.
- the permanent magnet and / or the switchable electromagnet can provide or at least support a movement of the locking body, in addition to triggering such a movement of the locking body by the power transmission lever or the switching element.
- a force exerted by the blocking body on the switching element is completely or at least substantially completely diverted through the switching element into the housing, this supporting or complete provision of a movement of the blocking body be advantageous by an additional permanent magnet and / or switchable electromagnet.
- a door opener according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the switching unit has an electromagnet for switching the switching element between its locking position and its unlocking position.
- Electromagnets are particularly suitable elements in order to be able to provide switchable small movements, as are necessary in a door opener.
- electromagnets can be designed to be particularly compact, since they can provide a linear movement directly, for example with an armature element, without requiring a mechanical transmission, as would be necessary with rotating electric motors. A particularly compact structure of a door opener according to the invention can thereby be provided or at least supported.
- a door opener according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the latch element has a blocking section for contacting a counter-blocking section of the force transmission element, wherein when the latch element is in its open position and the force transmission lever is in its transfer position, the blocking section contacts the counter-blocking section in such a form-fitting manner that a movement the power transmission element is prevented in its basic position.
- the force transmission lever is prevented in its open position by the positive contacting of the counter-blocking section on the blocking section of the latch element from moving from its transfer position to its basic position, in particular without the first mechanical operative connection in which the first force transmission factor is provided must be used.
- the Figs. 1 to 3 show a door opener 10 according to the invention, wherein Fig. 1 shows a top view, and the Figs. 2 and 3 each show a side view.
- the latch element 20 of the door opener 10 is in a closed position 22, in Fig. 3 shown in an open position 24.
- the Figs. 1 to 3 are described jointly below, the details of the figures being discussed separately in each case.
- the door opener 10 according to the invention has, in particular, a housing 12 in which the individual elements of the door opener 10 according to the invention are arranged.
- the door opener 10 has the latch element 20, which, as shown, can be designed as a rotary latch.
- a mechanism is arranged in the interior of the door opener 10 which can provide a switchable blocking of a movement of the latch element 20 from its closed position 22 into its open position 24.
- This mechanism includes, in particular, a force transmission lever 30, a locking body 40, a switching element 50 and a switching unit 60 with an electromagnet 62 for the switchable movement of the switching element 50.
- the individual elements of the mechanism are mechanically operatively connected to one another in a cascading manner, in particular the force transmission lever 30 having a first mechanical operative connection 90 between the latch element 20 and the locking body 40, the blocking body 40 being a second mechanical operative connection 92 between the force transmission lever 30 and the switching element 50 and the switching element 50 a third mechanical operative connection 94 forms between the blocking body 40 and the switching unit 60.
- the Fig. 1 and 2 show the latch element 20 in its closed position 22, the power transmission lever 30 in a basic position 32, the locking body 40 in a locking position 42 and the switching element 50 in a locking position 52 Movement of the power transmission lever 30 and from Force transmission lever 30 prevents the latch element 20 from moving from its closed position 22 into its open position 24 in a form-fitting manner.
- An opening of the door which is equipped with a door opener 10 according to the invention, made possible by a movement of the latch element 20 from the closed position 22 into the open position 24, can be prevented in this way.
- Fig. 1 The elements shown are also a return spring 16 for the switching element 50, by means of which the switching of the switching element 50 can be supported by the switching unit 60.
- a permanent magnet 64 is arranged in the switching element 50, as a result of which a movement of the blocking body 40 in a housing receptacle 14 of the housing 12 can be supported.
- Fig. 3 the locking body 40 is moved into a release position 44.
- This makes it possible for the force transmission lever 30 to be rotated about its axis of rotation 18 against a restoring force of a further restoring spring 16 and brought into a transfer position 34.
- a blocking section 26 of the latch element 20 is provided on the latch element 20 in such a way that it contacts a counter-blocking section 36 of the power transmission lever 30 in a form-fitting manner .
- a contour 38 of the counter-blocking section 36 is designed in such a way that as long as the latch element 20 is in its open position 24, a return of the force transmission lever 30 from its transfer position 34 to its basic position 32 is prevented.
- the mechanical operative connections 90, 92, 94 are designed in such a way that a reduction of a force transmitted through them takes place in each case. This is achieved by a first force transmission factor 100 of the first mechanical operative connection 90 between the latch element 20 and the locking element 40, by a second force transmission factor 102 of the Second mechanical operative connection 92 between the force transmission lever 30 and the switching element 50 and by a third force transmission factor 104 of the third mechanical operative connection 94 between the locking body 40 and the switching unit 60.
- Each of these force transmission factors 100, 102, 104 is designed in such a way that the force transmitted in the corresponding mechanical operative connection 90, 92, 94 is reduced compared to the force introduced in each case, with a total force transmission factor being the product of the individual force transmission factors 100, 102, 104 results.
- the fractions of the force that are not passed on are diverted into the housing 12 via the bearings of the individual elements, for example the axis of rotation 18 of the power transmission lever 30 and the axis of rotation 18 of the switching element 50 or the bearings in the housing receptacle 14 at the locking body 40.
- the switching element 50 or the switching unit 60 can provide a high holding force for the latch element 20 even with a low expenditure of force. Requirements for a stability of the switching element 50 or the switching unit 60 can thereby be reduced, whereby a more compact construction of the switching element 50 or the switching unit 60 can be made possible.
- Fig. 2 the aforementioned interaction between the latch element 20 and the power transmission lever 30 is shown in more detail.
- the place of the introduction of force through the latch element 20 and the axis of rotation 18 of the power transmission lever 30 are positioned in relation to one another that the introduction of force acts at a distance 70 from the axis of rotation 18, which is less than the distance between the place of introduction of force and the axis of rotation 18 remaining force is passed on to the locking body 40 at a distance 72.
- Fig. 4 shows the interaction between the force transmission lever 30 in its basic position 32 and the locking body 40, which is arranged in its locking position 42 in the housing receptacle 14.
- the locking body 40 is a rolling body, in particular as a sphere, with an axis of symmetry 48 parallel to the axis of rotation 18 of the switching element 50.
- the introduction of force from the force transmission lever 30 into the locking body 40 takes place in particular at an interaction site 74.
- This interaction site 74 is selected overall such that a displacement distance 76 along a displacement direction 46 of the locking body 40 in the housing receptacle 14 is smaller than a projection distance 78 of the interaction site 74 transversely to Displacement direction 46.
- the ratio of the lengths of the projection distance 78 to the displacement distance 76 defines the second force transmission factor 102 for the second mechanical operative connection 92.
- This can preferably have a size of at least 2, particularly preferably at least 10 or at least 25.
- a particularly high force transmission between the force transmission lever 30 and the locking body 40 can be provided in this way.
- Fig. 5 two possible embodiments for possible third mechanical operative connections 94 are shown, with an interaction between the locking body 40 in its locking position 42 and the switching element 50 in its locking position 52 being decisive for this.
- further elements are shown for the door opener 10 shown, for example the power transmission lever 30 in its basic position 32 as part of the first mechanical operative connection 90 and its power transmission factor 100, the housing 12, the switching unit 60 with its electromagnet 62 and the housing receptacle 14 for storage of the locking body 40.
- the return spring 16 for supporting the switching movement of the switching element 50 is also shown.
- an interaction contour 82 of the switching element 50 can be designed in such a way that a force transmitted from the locking body 40 to the switching element 50 has a force direction 84 which points exactly in the direction of the axis of rotation 18 of the switching element 50.
- the force oriented in the direction of the direction of force 84 is completely diverted into the housing 12; the corresponding third force transmission factor 104 is thus infinitely large in this case.
- a trap element 20 see FIG Figs. 1 to 3
- the force generated during an attempt to open the door is completely absorbed by the housing 12 of the door opener 10, whereby an unintentional opening of the door can be reliably prevented.
- This embodiment of a door opener 10 according to the invention is therefore advantageous for house doors and / or fire doors, for example.
- FIG. 5 An alternative embodiment of the interaction contour 82 is shown, in which the direction of force 84, in which the blocking body 40 introduces a force into the switching element 50, is now aligned in such a way that a force distance 80 remains with respect to the axis of rotation 18.
- the same basic force distribution can be provided as has been described above with regard to the force transmission lever 30 and the locking body 40.
- the provision of a third force transmission factor 104, by which a force introduced into the switching element 50 is greater than the force passed on by the switching element 50 to the switching unit 60, can be provided in this way. It should be noted in particular that the smaller the force distance 80 is set, the greater the third force transmission factor 104 is.
- This embodiment of a door opener 10 according to the invention is advantageous for escape doors, for example.
- Fig. 6 shows a possible switching sequence in a door opener 10 according to the invention from a completely locked position into a position in which the door can be opened.
- the door opener 10 is shown with its latch element 20 in its closed position 22.
- the switching element 50 is arranged in its locking position 52 by the electromagnet 62 of the switching unit 60 and the return spring 16.
- the locking body 40 in its locking position 42 and the power transmission lever 30 in its basic position 32.
- a movement of the latch element 20 from its closed position 22 into its open position 24 is positively prevented in this constellation.
- Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of a door opener 10 according to the invention in its locking position 52. Furthermore, there is also a switching unit 60 with an electromagnet 62 and all elements are arranged in a housing 12.
- the individual elements of the door opener 10 according to the invention are linked to one another by mechanical operative connections 90, 92, 94, in each of the mechanical operative connections 90, 92, 94 a reduction of a force transmitted in it according to a corresponding force transmission factor 100, 102 , 104 is provided.
- the embodiment shown of a door opener 10 is in particular the arrangement of the axis of rotation 18 of the power transmission lever 30. In the embodiment shown, this axis of rotation 18 is arranged much closer to the latch element 20, which enables a particularly compact design of the door opener 10.
- all other functions of the force transmission lever 30 are also present in this embodiment of a door opener 10 according to the invention.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Türöffner mit einem Gehäuse und einem Fallenelement, wobei das Fallenelement im Gehäuse zwischen einer Schließposition und einer Öffnungsposition bewegbar gelagert ist, der Türöffner ferner aufweisend einen Kraftübertragungshebel, einen Sperrkörper sowie ein Schaltelement, wobei der Kraftübertragungshebel zwischen einer Grundposition und einer Weitergabeposition im Gehäuse gelagert ist, das Schaltelement im Gehäuse durch eine Schalteinheit schaltbar zwischen einer Verriegelposition und einer Entriegelposition bewegbar gelagert ist.The invention relates to a door opener with a housing and a latch element, the latch element being movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the door opener further comprising a power transmission lever, a locking body and a switching element, the power transmission lever between a basic position and a transfer position in the Housing is mounted, the switching element is movably mounted in the housing by a switching unit switchable between a locking position and an unlocking position.
Türöffner werden in der modernen Technik eingesetzt, um eine Öffnungsbewegung einer Tür steuerbar zu ermöglichen bzw. zu verhindern. Für diesen Einsatzzweck weisen bekannte Türöffner zumindest ein Fallenelement auf, das zum zumeist formschlüssigen Kontaktieren einer Türfalle der Tür ausgebildet ist. Das Fallenelement ist ferner in einem Gehäuse des Türöffners zwischen einer Schließposition und einer Öffnungsposition bewegbar gelagert, wobei bevorzugt das Fallenelement in seiner Schließposition derart verriegelbar ist, dass dadurch über den Formschluss mit der Türfalle der Tür eine Öffnungsbewegung der Tür verhindert werden kann. Voranstehend beschrieben sind eine Anordnung des Türöffners in einem Rahmen der Tür sowie eine Anordnung der Türfalle an und/oder in einem Türblatt der Tür. Selbstverständlich ist bei bekannten Türöffnern auch eine umgekehrte Anordnung denkbar.Door openers are used in modern technology to enable or prevent an opening movement of a door in a controllable manner. For this purpose, known door openers have at least one latch element which is designed for mostly positive contact with a door latch of the door. The latch element is also movably mounted in a housing of the door opener between a closed position and an open position, the latch element preferably being lockable in its closed position in such a way that an opening movement of the door can thereby be prevented via the form fit with the door latch of the door. An arrangement of the door opener in a frame of the door and an arrangement of the door latch on and / or in a door leaf of the door are described above. Of course, a reverse arrangement is also conceivable in known door openers.
Darüber hinaus weisen bekannte Türöffner zumeist eine interne Mechanik auf, die mit dem Fallenelement des Türöffners in mechanischer Wirkverbindung steht, und über die eine Sperrung der Bewegung des Fallenelements bereitgestellt wird. Teil derartiger Mechaniken können beispielsweise Hebelelemente, die im Gehäuse des Türöffners drehbar gelagert sind, und/oder in entsprechenden Aufnahmen des Türöffners gelagerte weitere Bauelemente umfassen. Die Elemente dieser Mechaniken sind intern und mit dem Fallenelement derart in mechanischer Wirkverbindung, dass eine Bewegung des Fallenelements zwischen dessen Öffnungsposition und Schließposition bzw. umgekehrt auch in entsprechenden Bewegungen der Elemente der Mechaniken resultiert. In bekannten Türöffnern ist ferner zumeist zumindest ein Schaltelement vorhanden, das diese interne Bewegung der Elemente der Mechaniken schaltbar blockiert beziehungsweise freigibt, wodurch auch insgesamt schaltbar eine Bewegung des Fallenelements aus seiner Schließposition in seine Öffnungsposition verhindert werden kann. Eine steuerbare Sperrung der gesamten Tür mit einem derartigen Türöffner kann auf diese Weise bereitgestellt werden.In addition, known door openers mostly have an internal mechanism which is in mechanical operative connection with the latch element of the door opener and via which the movement of the latch element is blocked. Part of such mechanisms can include, for example, lever elements that are rotatably mounted in the housing of the door opener and / or further components mounted in corresponding receptacles of the door opener. The elements of these mechanics are internally and mechanically operatively connected to the latch element in such a way that a movement of the latch element between its open position and closed position or vice versa also results in corresponding movements of the elements of the mechanisms. In known door openers there is usually at least one switching element that switchably blocks or releases this internal movement of the elements of the mechanisms, whereby a movement of the latch element from its closed position into its open position can also be prevented in a switchable manner. A controllable locking of the entire door with such a door opener can be provided in this way.
Bekannte Türöffner, insbesondere nach obigem Wirkprinzip aufgebaute bekannte Türöffner, müssen bereitstellen, dass eine auf das Fallenelement bei einem Türöffnungsversuch wirkende Kraft durch den Türöffner kompensiert oder zumindest im Wesentlichen kompensiert werden kann. Dies stellt insbesondere an das Schaltelement und/oder eine das Schaltelement betätigende Schalteinheit hohe mechanische Anforderungen, da bei diesen Türöffnungsversuchen oftmals hohe Kräfte auf die im geschlossenen Zustand zu haltende Tür ausgeübt werden und diese Kräfte intern im Türöffner letztendlich an das Schaltelement und/oder die Schalteinheit weitergeleitet werden und somit von diesen kompensiert werden müssen. Um dies bereitzustellen zu können, sind bei bekannten Türöffnern das Schaltelement und/oder die Schalteinheit entsprechend massiv bzw. stabil ausgebildet. Dies kann jedoch zu Nachteilen bezüglich eines benötigten Bauraums für diese Elemente und beispielsweise auch zu einem hohen Gewicht des gesamten Türöffners führen.Known door openers, in particular known door openers constructed according to the above operating principle, must provide that a force acting on the latch element when attempting to open the door can be compensated or at least substantially compensated for by the door opener. This places high mechanical demands in particular on the switching element and / or a switching unit that actuates the switching element, since these attempts to open the door often exert high forces on the door to be held in the closed state and these forces ultimately affect the switching element and / or the switching unit internally in the door opener must be passed on and thus have to be compensated by them. In order to be able to provide this, the switching element and / or the switching unit are correspondingly solid or stable in known door openers. However, this can lead to disadvantages with regard to the installation space required for these elements and, for example, also to a high weight of the entire door opener.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die oben genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zumindest teilweise zu beheben. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Türöffner bereitzustellen, bei dem in mechanisch besonders einfacher Art und Weise ermöglicht ist, eine hohe Haltekraft für den Türöffner bereitzustellen und gleichzeitig Anforderungen an eine Stabilität und/oder Kraftaufnahmefähigkeit eines Schaltelements bzw. einer Schalteinheit des Türöffners zu verringern.It is the object of the present invention to at least partially remedy the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is the object of the present invention to provide a door opener in which it is possible, in a particularly simple mechanical manner, to have a high holding force for provide the door opener and at the same time reduce the requirements for stability and / or force absorption capacity of a switching element or a switching unit of the door opener.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch einen Türöffner mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a door opener with the features of independent claim 1. Further advantages and features of the door opener according to the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch einen Türöffner mit einem Gehäuse und einem Fallenelement, wobei das Fallenelement im Gehäuse zwischen einer Schließposition und einer Öffnungsposition bewegbar gelagert ist, der Türöffner ferner aufweisend einen Kraftübertragungshebel, einen Sperrkörper sowie ein Schaltelement, wobei der Kraftübertragungshebel zwischen einer Grundposition und einer Weitergabeposition im Gehäuse gelagert ist, das Schaltelement im Gehäuse durch eine Schalteinheit schaltbar zwischen einer Verriegelposition und einer Entriegelposition bewegbar gelagert ist, wobei der Sperrkörper in einer ortsfesten Gehäuseaufnahme innerhalb des Gehäuses gelagert ist, die eine Verschieberichtung für den Sperrkörper definiert und der Sperrkörper durch den Kraftübertragungshebel definiert und der Sperrkörper durch den Kraftübertragungshebel innerhalb der ortsfesten Gehäuseaufnahme in Verschieberichtung zwischen einer Sperrposition und einer Freigabeposition bewegbar ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a door opener with a housing and a latch element, wherein the latch element is movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the door opener further comprising a power transmission lever, a locking body and a switching element, the power transmission lever between a Base position and a transfer position is stored in the housing, the switching element is mounted in the housing so that it can be switched between a locking position and an unlocking position by a switching unit, the locking body being mounted in a stationary housing receptacle within the housing which defines a direction of displacement for the locking body and the locking body defined by the power transmission lever and the locking body can be moved by the power transmission lever within the stationary housing receptacle in the displacement direction between a locking position and a release position.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner ist für einen Einsatz in einer Tür vorgesehen, für die durch den Türöffner schaltbar ein Verhindern bzw. Freigeben einer Öffnungsbewegung bereitgestellt werden kann. Der Türöffner weist dafür ein Gehäuse und ein im Gehäuse zwischen einer Schließposition und einer Öffnungsposition bewegbar gelagertes Fallenelement auf, wobei das Fallenelement beispielsweise für ein formschlüssiges Kontaktieren einer Türfalle der Tür ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt kann beispielsweise das Fallenelement als eine Drehfalle ausgebildet sein.A door opener according to the invention is intended for use in a door for which the door opener can be used to prevent or enable an opening movement. For this purpose, the door opener has a housing and a latch element movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, the latch element being designed, for example, for positive contact with a door latch of the door. For example, the latch element can preferably be designed as a rotary latch.
Intern im Türöffner bzw. im Gehäuse des Türöffners ist eine Mechanik angeordnet, um das geschaltete Ermöglichen bzw. Verhindern einer Öffnungsbewegung der Tür bereitzustellen. In einem erfindungsgemäßen Türöffner umfasst diese Mechanik insbesondere einen Kraftübertragungshebel, einen Sperrkörper sowie ein Schaltelement. Hierbei ist der Kraftübertragungshebel zwischen einer Grundposition und einer Weitergabeposition im Gehäuse des Türöffners gelagert. Der Sperrkörper wiederum ist insbesondere unmittelbar in einer Gehäuseaufnahme des Gehäuses zwischen einer Sperrposition und einer Freigabeposition entlang einer Verschieberichtung bewegbar gelagert. Auch das Schaltelement ist im Gehäuse bewegbar gelagert, insbesondere zwischen einer Verriegelt-Position und einer Entriegelt-Position, und es ist zusätzlich durch eine Schalteinheit des Türöffners zwischen diesen Positionen schaltbar. Ein derartiger Türöffner ist zum Beispiel aus
Die einzelnen Elemente der Mechanik sind kaskadierend und paarweise mechanisch miteinander wirkverbunden. Hierzu bildet der Kraftübertragungshebel zumindest teilweise eine erste mechanische Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Fallenelement und dem Sperrkörper, der Sperrkörper zumindest teilweise eine zweite mechanische Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Kraftübertragungshebel und dem Schaltelement sowie das Schaltelement zumindest teilweise eine dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Sperrkörper und der Schalteinheit. Mit anderen Worten wird eine Kraft, die auf das Fallenelement beispielsweise bei einem Öffnungsversuch wirkt, über die erste, zweite beziehungsweise dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung zuerst in den Kraftübertragungshebel eingeleitet, von diesem auf den Sperrkörper weitergegeben, schließlich von Sperrkörper auf das Schaltelement und von diesem auf die Schalteinheit übertragen.The individual elements of the mechanics are cascading and mechanically connected to one another in pairs. For this purpose, the power transmission lever at least partially forms a first mechanical operative connection between the latch element and the blocking body, the blocking body at least partly a second mechanical operative connection between the force transmission lever and the switching element, and the switching element at least partly a third mechanical operative connection between the blocking body and the switching unit. In other words, a force that acts on the latch element, for example when attempting to open it, is first introduced into the power transmission lever via the first, second or third mechanical operative connection, passed on from this to the locking body, and finally from the locking body to the switching element and from this to the Transfer unit.
Durch die oben beschriebenen mechanischen Wirkverbindungen und die durch sie bereitgestellte kaskadierende Kraftübertragung ist ferner ermöglicht, dass zumindest grundsätzlich eine Bewegung des Fallenelements aus seiner Schließposition in seine Öffnungsposition in einer Bewegung des Kraftübertragungshebels aus seiner Grundposition in seine Weitergabeposition, des Sperrkörpers aus seiner Sperrposition in seine Freigabeposition sowie des Schaltelements aus seiner Verriegelposition in seine Entriegelposition bewirkt. Mit anderen Worten kann umgekehrt durch eine fixierte Anordnung des Schaltelements in seiner Verriegelposition ein Verhindern einer Türöffnung bereitgestellt werden, da ein in der Verriegelposition fixiertes Schaltelement über die entsprechenden mechanischen Wirkverbindungen eine Bewegung des Sperrkörpers aus seiner Sperrposition in seine Freigabeposition, eine Bewegung des Kraftübertragungshebels aus seiner Grundposition in seine Weitergabeposition und schlussendlich auch eine Bewegung des Fallenelements aus seiner Schließposition in seine Öffnungsposition verhindert oder zumindest im Wesentlichen verhindert. Eine derartige fixierte Anordnung des Schaltelements in seiner Verriegelposition kann beispielsweise durch die Schalteinheit bereitgestellt werden.The above-described mechanical operative connections and the cascading force transmission provided by them also make it possible, at least in principle, for a movement of the latch element from its closed position into its open position in a movement of the force transmission lever causes its basic position in its transfer position, the locking body from its locking position in its release position and the switching element from its locking position in its unlocking position. In other words, a fixed arrangement of the switching element in its locking position can prevent a door from opening, since a switching element fixed in the locking position causes a movement of the locking body from its locking position into its release position, a movement of the power transmission lever from its Basic position in its transfer position and ultimately also a movement of the latch element from its closed position to its open position is prevented or at least substantially prevented. Such a fixed arrangement of the switching element in its locking position can be provided, for example, by the switching unit.
Auch die entgegengesetzte Wirkungsweise, nämlich dass ein Schalten des Schaltelements aus seiner Entriegelposition in seine Verriegelposition gleichzeitig auch eine Bewegung des Sperrkörpers aus seiner Freigabeposition in seine Sperrposition, des Kraftübertragungshebels aus seiner Weitergabeposition in seine Grundposition und letztendlich des Fallenelements aus seiner Öffnungsposition in seine Schließposition bewirkt, wird durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen mechanischen Wirkverbindungen bereitgestellt.Also the opposite mode of operation, namely that switching the switching element from its unlocking position to its locking position also causes the locking body to move from its release position to its locking position, the power transmission lever from its transfer position to its basic position and ultimately the latch element from its open position to its closed position, is provided by the mechanical operative connections provided according to the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass die erste, zweite und/oder dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung zwischen den einzelnen Elementen des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners auf spezielle Weise ausgebildet sind. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass bei einer Kraftausübung auf das Fallenelement eine über die erste mechanische Wirkverbindung übertragene Kraft um einen ersten Kraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist und/oder eine über die zweite mechanische Wirkverbindung übertragene Kraft um einen zweiten Kraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist und/oder eine über die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung übertragene Kraft um einen dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist.According to the invention it is provided that the first, second and / or third mechanical operative connection between the individual elements of the door opener according to the invention are designed in a special way. In particular, it is provided that when a force is exerted on the latch element, a force transmitted via the first mechanical operative connection is reduced by a first force transmission factor and / or a force transmitted via the second mechanical operative connection is reduced by a second force transmission factor and / or a force transmitted via the third mechanical operative connection is reduced by a third force transmission factor.
Der jeweilige Kraftübertragungsfaktor bezeichnet dabei für die entsprechende mechanische Wirkverbindung das Verhältnis der auf den jeweiligen Kraftübermittler ausgeübten Kraft zur durch den jeweiligen Kraftübermittler weitergegebenen Kraft.The respective force transmission factor designates for the corresponding mechanical operative connection the ratio of the force exerted on the respective force transmitter to the force transmitted by the respective force transmitter.
Mit anderen Worten ist der erste Kraftübertragungsfaktor das Verhältnis der Kraft, die das Fallenelement auf den Kraftübertragungshebel ausübt, zur Kraft, mit der der Kraftübertragungshebel auf den Sperrkörper einwirkt. Analog ist der zweite Kraftübertragungsfaktor das Verhältnis der Kraft, die der Kraftübertragungshebel auf den Sperrkörper ausübt, zur Kraft, mit der der Sperrkörper auf das Schaltelement einwirkt beziehungsweise der dritte Kraftübertragungsfaktor das Verhältnis der Kraft, die der Sperrkörper auf das Schaltelement ausübt, zur Kraft, mit der das Schaltelement auf die Schalteinheit einwirkt.In other words, the first force transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the latch element exerts on the force transmission lever to the force with which the force transmission lever acts on the locking body. Similarly, the second power transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the power transmission lever exerts on the locking body to the force with which the locking body acts on the switching element, or the third force transmission factor is the ratio of the force that the locking body exerts on the switching element to the force with which the switching element acts on the switching unit.
Bevorzugt wird durch jeden dieser Kraftübertragungsfaktoren die Kraft, die in der entsprechenden mechanischen Wirkverbindung übertragen wird, reduziert. Mit anderen Worten ist zumindest einer der Kraftübertragungsfaktoren, bevorzugt sind alle Kraftübertragungsfaktoren, größer als 1.The force that is transmitted in the corresponding mechanical operative connection is preferably reduced by each of these force transmission factors. In other words, at least one of the force transmission factors, preferably all of the force transmission factors, is greater than 1.
Mit anderen Worten kann vorgesehen sein, dass im Zuge der ersten mechanischen Wirkverbindung eine Kraft, die vom Kraftübertragungshebel auf den Sperrkörper übertragen wird, um einen ersten Kraftübertragungsfaktor kleiner ist, als diejenige Kraft, die vom Fallenelement auf den Kraftübertragungshebel ausgeübt wird. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung des Kraftübertragungshebels und dessen Lagerung im Gehäuse bereitgestellt werden, wobei der Bruchteil der in den Kraftübertragungshebel eingeleiteten Kraft, die nicht an den Sperrkörper weitergegeben wird, bevorzugt in das Gehäuse des Türöffners abgeleitet wird.In other words, it can be provided that in the course of the first mechanical operative connection a force which is transmitted from the force transmission lever to the locking body is smaller by a first force transmission factor than the force which is exerted by the latch element on the force transmission lever. This can be provided, for example, by a corresponding design of the power transmission lever and its storage in the housing, with the fraction of the force introduced into the power transmission lever that is not passed on to the locking body, preferably diverted into the housing of the door opener.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann dasselbe Prinzip im Zuge der zweiten mechanischen Wirkverbindung auch für den Sperrkörper realisiert sein, wobei hier die durch den Sperrkörper an das Schaltelement weitergegebene Kraft im Vergleich zu einer vom Kraftübertragungshebel in den Sperrkörper eingeleiteten Kraft um einen zweiten Kraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist. Auch hierbei kann der Bruchteil der Kraft, die nicht weitergegeben wird, über die Lagerung des Sperrkörpers an das Gehäuse des Türöffners abgeleitet werden.Alternatively or additionally, the same principle can also be implemented for the locking body in the course of the second mechanical operative connection, with the force transmitted by the locking body to the switching element being reduced by a second force transmission factor compared to a force introduced into the locking body by the force transmission lever. Here, too, the fraction of the force that is not passed on can be diverted to the housing of the door opener via the mounting of the locking body.
Auch bei der dritten mechanischen Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Sperrkörper und der Schalteinheit, zumindest teilweise gebildet durch das Schaltelement, können, wiederum alternativ oder zusätzlich, die oben ausgeführten Überlegungen hinsichtlich der Kraftübertragung angewandt werden, insbesondere dass die durch das Schaltelement an die Schalteinheit weitergegebene Kraft im Vergleich zu einer vom Sperrkörper in das Schaltelement eingeleiteten Kraft um einen dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist. Durch das Vorhandensein eines dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktors kann eine bevorzugt weitere Reduktion der durch das Schaltelement bzw. die Schalteinheit bereitzustellenden Kraft zum sicheren Verriegeln des Türöffners bzw. des Fallenelements in seiner Schließposition bereitgestellt werden. Auch hier kann vorgesehen sein, dass der nicht weitergegebene Bruchteil der Kraft, die durch das Schaltelement aufgenommen wird, an das Gehäuse abgeleitet wird.In the third mechanical operative connection between the locking body and the switching unit, at least partially formed by the switching element, the considerations set out above with regard to power transmission can, again, alternatively or additionally, be applied, in particular that the force transmitted by the switching element to the switching unit is compared is reduced by a third force transmission factor to a force introduced by the locking body into the switching element. The presence of a third force transmission factor can provide a preferably further reduction in the force to be provided by the switching element or the switching unit for securely locking the door opener or the latch element in its closed position. Here, too, it can be provided that the fraction of the force that is not passed on, which is absorbed by the switching element, is diverted to the housing.
Insgesamt kann somit bereitgestellt werden, dass eine bei einem Türöffnungsversuch entstehende und auf das Fallenelement wirkende Kraft durch die interne Mechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners reduziert und bevorzugt zumindest teilweise in das Gehäuse des Türöffners abgeleitet wird. Dadurch kann insbesondere ermöglicht werden, dass das letztendlich ausschlaggebende Schaltelement zum Bereitstellen einer sicheren Verriegelung des Fallenelements in seiner Schließposition nur noch einen geringeren Kraftaufwand bereitstellen muss. Insbesondere durch die kaskadierenden mechanischen Wirkverbindungen zwischen dem Fallenelement, dem Kraftübertragungshebel, dem Sperrkörper, dem Schaltelement und der Schalteinheit kann insbesondere bereitgestellt werden, dass die durch die Schalteinheit beziehungsweise das Schaltelement bereitzustellende Kraft um einen Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor reduziert ist, der dem Produkt des ersten, zweiten und dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktors entspricht. Eine Kraft, die zum Fixieren des Schaltelements in seiner Verriegelposition nötig ist, und die zumeist durch die Schalteinheit bereitgestellt werden muss, kann auf diese Weise besonders einfach verkleinert werden. Anforderungen an die Schalteinheit bezüglich deren Stabilität und/oder deren Fähigkeit zur Krafterzeugung können auf diese Weise reduziert werden. Eine kleinere und damit Bauraum einsparende Ausgestaltung dieser Elemente kann auf diese Weise ermöglicht werden.Overall, it can thus be provided that a force that arises when attempting to open a door and acts on the latch element is reduced by the internal mechanics of the door opener according to the invention and is preferably at least partially diverted into the housing of the door opener. This makes it possible, in particular, that the ultimately decisive switching element for providing a secure locking of the latch element in its closed position only has to provide a smaller expenditure of force. In particular due to the cascading mechanical operative connections between the latch element, the power transmission lever, the locking body, the switching element and the switching unit can in particular be provided so that the force to be provided by the switching unit or the switching element is reduced by a total force transmission factor that corresponds to the product of the first, second and third force transmission factors. A force which is necessary to fix the switching element in its locking position and which mostly has to be provided by the switching unit can be reduced in a particularly simple manner in this way. Requirements for the switching unit with regard to its stability and / or its ability to generate force can be reduced in this way. A smaller and thus space-saving design of these elements can be made possible in this way.
Bevorzugt kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner dahingehend ausgebildet sein, dass die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung derart ausgebildet ist, dass eine über die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung vom Sperrkörper auf die Schalteinheit übertragene Kraft verbleibt. Mit anderen Worten ist in dieser Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners vorgesehen, dass in jedem Fall auch ein Bruchteil der Kraft verbleibt, der im Zuge der dritten mechanischen Wirkverbindung vom Schaltelement auf die Schalteinheit weitergegeben wird. Bei einer genügend großen Krafteinwirkung auf die Tür kann somit bereitgestellt werden, dass trotz der Reduktion der weitergegebenen Kraft durch den ersten, zweiten und dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktor die Schalteinheit mit zumindest einem kleinen Teil dieser Krafteinwirkung beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch kann ermöglicht werden, dass, bei einer genügend großen Ausgangsgröße der Krafteinwirkung auf die Tür, die durch die Schalteinheit bereitgestellte Kraft zum Fixieren des Schaltelements in dessen Verriegelposition überwunden wird. Dadurch kann in diesem speziellen Fall die Tür dennoch geöffnet werden. Ein Einsatz eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners in dieser Ausgestaltungsform ist somit insbesondere für Fluchttüren vorteilhaft.A door opener according to the invention can preferably be designed in such a way that the third mechanical operative connection is designed in such a way that a force remains which is transmitted from the blocking body to the switching unit via the third mechanical operative connection. In other words, it is provided in this embodiment of a door opener according to the invention that in any case a fraction of the force remains which is passed on from the switching element to the switching unit in the course of the third mechanical operative connection. With a sufficiently large force acting on the door, it can thus be provided that, despite the reduction in the force transmitted by the first, second and third force transmission factor, at least a small part of this force is applied to the switching unit. This makes it possible for the force provided by the switching unit to fix the switching element in its locking position to be overcome if the output variable of the force acting on the door is sufficiently large. As a result, the door can still be opened in this special case. Use of a door opener according to the invention in this embodiment is therefore particularly advantageous for escape doors.
Alternativ kann beim erfindungsgemäßen Türöffner vorgesehen sein, dass die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung derart ausgebildet ist, dass keine oder zumindest im Wesentlichen keine über die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung vom Sperrkörper auf die Schalteinheit übertragene Kraft verbleibt. Mit anderen Worten ist die dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung, insbesondere die Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Sperrkörper und dem Schaltelement, derart ausgebildet ist, dass eine durch den Sperrkörper auf das Schaltelement ausgeübte Kraft durch das Schaltelement vollständig oder zumindest im Wesentlichen vollständig in das Gehäuse abgeleitet wird. Somit ist in dieser Ausgestaltungsform der dritte Kraftübertragungsfaktor, um den in der dritten mechanischen Wirkverbindung eine in das Schaltelement durch den Sperrkörper eingeleitete Kraft größer ist als die durch das Schaltelement an die Schalteinheit weitergegebene Kraft, unendlich groß. Unabhängig von der Größe einer Kraft, die auf die geschlossene Tür bei einem Öffnungsversuch wirkt, gibt es somit in dieser Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners keine Kraftkomponente, die eine Bewegung des Schaltelements aus seiner Verriegelposition in seine Entriegelposition bewirken könnte. Das Schaltelement verbleibt somit zu jeder Zeit in seiner Verriegelposition und damit auch das Fallenelement in seiner Schließposition. Anders ausgedrückt kann die Schließfunktionalität des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners auch mit hohem Krafteinsatz nicht überwunden werden. Ein Einsatz eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners in dieser Ausgestaltungsform ist somit insbesondere beispielsweise für Haustüren und/oder Feuerschutztüren von Vorteil.Alternatively, it can be provided in the case of the door opener according to the invention that the third mechanical operative connection is designed in such a way that no or at least essentially no force remains transmitted from the locking body to the switching unit via the third mechanical operative connection. In other words, the third mechanical operative connection, in particular the operative connection between the blocking body and the switching element, is designed such that a force exerted by the blocking body on the switching element is diverted completely or at least substantially completely into the housing by the switching element. Thus, in this embodiment, the third force transmission factor by which a force introduced into the switching element through the locking body in the third mechanical operative connection is greater than the force transmitted through the switching element to the switching unit is infinitely large. Regardless of the magnitude of a force acting on the closed door when attempting to open it, in this embodiment of a door opener according to the invention there is no force component that could cause the switching element to move from its locking position to its unlocking position. The switching element thus remains in its locking position at all times and thus also the latch element in its closed position. In other words, the locking functionality of the door opener according to the invention cannot be overcome even with the use of great force. Use of a door opener according to the invention in this embodiment is therefore particularly advantageous for house doors and / or fire doors, for example.
Besonders bevorzugt kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner dahingehend ausgebildet sein, dass der erste Kraftübertragungsfaktor und/oder der zweite Kraftübertragungsfaktor und/oder der dritte Kraftübertragungsfaktor eine Größe von zumindest 10, bevorzugt eine Größe von zumindest 25, aufweist. Die jeweiligen Kraftübertragungsfaktoren der einzelnen mechanischen Wirkverbindungen zeigen an, um welchen Faktor die jeweils weitergegebene Kraft kleiner ist als die eingeleitete Kraft. Wie oben bereits ausgeführt, ergibt sich durch das kaskadierende Anordnen der Elemente der Mechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners ein Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor als Produkt der einzelnen Kraftübertragungsfaktoren. So kann beispielsweise für die Ausgestaltungsform, in der der erste, der zweite und der dritte Kraftübertragungsfaktor eine Größe von 10 aufweist, ein Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor von 1000 erreicht werden. Bei einem ersten, zweiten und dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktor von 25 ist der Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor bereits 15625. Insgesamt kann somit eine besonders große allgemeine Reduktion der durch das Fallenelement über die mechanischen Wirkverbindungen auf die Schalteinheit ausgeübten Kraft bereitgestellt werden, wodurch Anforderungen an die Stabilität und/oder die allgemeine Ausgestaltung der Schalteinheit weiter reduziert werden können.A door opener according to the invention can particularly preferably be designed in such a way that the first force transmission factor and / or the second force transmission factor and / or the third force transmission factor has a size of at least 10, preferably a size of at least 25. The respective force transmission factors of the individual mechanical active connections indicate the factor by which the force transmitted in each case is smaller than the force introduced. As already stated above, the cascading arrangement results of the elements of the mechanics of the door opener according to the invention, a total force transmission factor as the product of the individual force transmission factors. For example, for the embodiment in which the first, the second and the third force transmission factor has a size of 10, a total force transmission factor of 1000 can be achieved. With a first, second and third force transfer factor of 25, the total force transfer factor is already 15625. Overall, a particularly large general reduction in the force exerted by the latch element via the mechanical operative connections on the switching unit can be provided, which makes demands on the stability and / or the general Design of the switching unit can be further reduced.
Ferner kann beim erfindungsgemäßen Türöffner vorgesehen sein, dass der Kraftübertragungshebel im Gehäuse um eine Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dies ist eine mechanisch besonders einfache Ausgestaltungsform.Furthermore, in the case of the door opener according to the invention, it can be provided that the force transmission lever is mounted in the housing so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation. This is a mechanically particularly simple embodiment.
Darüber hinaus kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner dahingehend ausgebildet sein, dass der Sperrkörper als ein rotationssymmetrischer Wälzkörper, insbesondere als eine Kugel und ein Zylinder, insbesondere mit einer Symmetrieachse, ausgebildet ist, wobei es bevorzugt ist, wenn zum Bereitstellen des zweiten Kraftübertragungsfaktors ein Verschiebeabstand eines Wechselwirkungsorts des Kraftübertragungshebels am Sperrkörper und der Symmetrieachse entlang der Schieberichtung kleiner, insbesondere zumindest zwei Mal kleiner, bevorzugt zumindest zehnmal kleiner, besonders bevorzugt zumindest fünfundzwanzigmal kleiner, als ein Projektionsabstand des Wechselwirkungsorts und der Symmetrieachse quer zur Verschieberichtung ist. In dieser ebenfalls bevorzugten Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners ist der Sperrkörper als ein rotationssymmetrischer Wälzkörper ausgebildet. Ein Wälzkörper kann beispielsweise eine Kugel oder ein Zylinder sein, wobei insbesondere besonders genau gefertigte und hochfeste Varianten dieser Körper, beispielsweise eine Kugellagerkugel, ein Passstift oder ähnliches, eingesetzt werden können. Der Sperrkörper kann auf diese Weise besonders stabil und präzise bereitgestellt werden.In addition, a door opener according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the locking body is designed as a rotationally symmetrical rolling element, in particular as a ball and a cylinder, in particular with an axis of symmetry, it being preferred if, in order to provide the second force transmission factor, a displacement distance of a point of interaction of the The force transmission lever on the locking body and the axis of symmetry along the sliding direction is smaller, in particular at least two times smaller, preferably at least ten times smaller, particularly preferably at least twenty-five times smaller, than a projection distance of the point of interaction and the axis of symmetry transverse to the sliding direction. In this likewise preferred embodiment of a door opener according to the invention, the locking body is designed as a rotationally symmetrical rolling body. A rolling element can be, for example, a ball or a cylinder, with particularly precisely manufactured and high-strength variants of these elements, for example a ball bearing ball, a dowel pin or the like, can be used. In this way, the locking body can be provided in a particularly stable and precise manner.
Insbesondere ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass durch eine Wahl eines Wechselwirkungsorts des Kraftübertragungshebels am Sperrkörper der zweite Kraftübertragungsfaktor festlegbar oder zumindest im Wesentlichen festlegbar ist. Der Wechselwirkungsort weist bezüglich der Symmetrieachse entlang der Verschieberichtung einen Verschiebeabstand und quer zur Verschieberichtung einen Projektionsabstand auf. Eine durch den Kraftübertragungshebel in den Sperrkörper eingeleitete Kraft wird sich in diesem entsprechend einem Verhältnis dieser beiden Abstände ebenfalls in eine Kraft entlang der Verschieberichtung und quer zur Verschieberichtung aufteilen. Nur die Kraftkomponente entlang der Verschieberichtung kann vom Sperrkörper im Zuge der zweiten mechanischen Wirkverbindung an das Schaltelement weitergegeben werden. Die Kraftkomponente quer zur Verschieberichtung wird in das Gehäuse, insbesondere die Gehäuseaufnahme, abgeleitet. Auf diese Weise kann durch die Wahl des Wechselwirkungsorts der zweite Kraftübertragungsfaktor besonders einfach eingestellt werden.In particular, it is provided according to the invention that the second force transmission factor can be fixed or at least substantially fixed by selecting a point of interaction of the force transmission lever on the locking body. With respect to the axis of symmetry, the point of interaction has a displacement distance along the displacement direction and a projection distance transversely to the displacement direction. A force introduced into the locking body by the force transmission lever will also be divided into a force along the direction of displacement and transversely to the direction of displacement in this, in accordance with a ratio of these two distances. Only the force component along the direction of displacement can be passed on from the locking body to the switching element in the course of the second mechanical operative connection. The force component transverse to the direction of displacement is diverted into the housing, in particular the housing receptacle. In this way, the second force transmission factor can be set in a particularly simple manner by selecting the point of interaction.
Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass der Wechselwirkungsort nicht derart gewählt ist, dass er bezüglich der Symmetrieachse des Sperrkörpers vollständig quer zur Verschieberichtung des Sperrkörpers in der Gehäuseaufnahme angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise kann mit anderen Worten sichergestellt werden, dass für jeden möglichen Wechselwirkungsort ein Verschiebeabstand entlang der Verschieberichtung und ein Projektionsabstand quer zur Verschieberichtung vorhanden ist.In particular, it is provided that the point of interaction is not selected in such a way that, with respect to the axis of symmetry of the locking body, it is arranged completely transversely to the direction of displacement of the locking body in the housing receptacle. In other words, it can be ensured in this way that there is a displacement distance along the displacement direction and a projection distance transverse to the displacement direction for each possible point of interaction.
Zum Einstellen des zweiten Kraftübertragungsfaktors ist vorgesehen, dass der Verschiebeabstand kleiner ausgebildet ist als der Projektionsabstand. Bevorzugt kann der Verschiebeabstand zumindest zweimal, zumindest zehnmal oder zumindest fünfundzwanzigmal kleiner als der Projektionsabstand sein.To set the second force transmission factor, it is provided that the displacement distance is designed to be smaller than the projection distance. The displacement distance can preferably be at least twice, at least ten times or at least twenty-five times smaller than the projection distance.
Ferner kann beim erfindungsgemäßen Türöffner vorgesehen sein, dass das Schaltelement als ein im Gehäuse schwenkbar gelagerter Hebel oder als ein im Gehäuse verschiebbar gelagerter Schieber oder als ein Ankerelement eines Elektromagneten ausgebildet ist. Die jeweiligen Ausgestaltungsformen des Schaltelements eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners weisen dabei unterschiedliche Vorteile auf. So können bei einem derartigen Schaltelement auf besonders einfache Art und Weise ein dritter Kraftübertragungsfaktor bereitgestellt werden, in der Ausgestaltung als Hebel analog wie oben zum Kraftübertragungshebel und zur ersten mechanischen Wirkverbindung beschrieben, als Schieber und als Ankerelement analog wie oben zum Sperrkörper und zur zweiten mechanischen Wirkverbindung beschrieben. Insgesamt kann in diesen Ausgestaltungsformen somit ein besonders großer Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor bereitgestellt werden. Eine direkte Ausgestaltung als Ankerelement eines Elektromagneten, insbesondere eines Elektromagneten der Schalteinheit, ermöglicht darüber hinaus ein besonders kompaktes Ausgestalten des gesamten erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners.Furthermore, in the case of the door opener according to the invention, it can be provided that the switching element is designed as a lever mounted pivotably in the housing or as a slide mounted displaceably in the housing or as an armature element of an electromagnet. The respective embodiments of the switching element of a door opener according to the invention have different advantages. With such a switching element, a third force transmission factor can be provided in a particularly simple manner, in the form of a lever analogous to that described above for the force transmission lever and the first mechanical operative connection, as a slide and as an anchor element analogous to the blocking body and the second mechanical operative connection described. Overall, a particularly large total force transmission factor can thus be provided in these embodiments. A direct design as an anchor element of an electromagnet, in particular an electromagnet of the switching unit, also enables a particularly compact design of the entire door opener according to the invention.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass im Gehäuse ein Permanentmagnet zum Unterstützen und/oder Bereitstellen einer Bewegung des Sperrkörpers aus seiner Sperrposition in seine Freigabeposition und/oder im Gehäuse ein schaltbarer Elektromagnet zur Bewegung des Sperrkörpers aus seiner Freigabeposition in seine Sperrposition angeordnet sind. Mit anderen Worten kann in dieser Ausgestaltungsform durch den Permanentmagnet und/oder den schaltbaren Elektromagnet eine Bewegung des Sperrkörpers bereitgestellt oder zumindest unterstützt werden, zusätzlich zur Auslösung einer derartigen Bewegung des Sperrkörpers durch den Kraftübertragungshebel beziehungsweise das Schaltelement. Besonders in einer Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners, in der eine durch den Sperrkörper auf das Schaltelement ausgeübte Kraft vollständig oder zumindest im Wesentlichen vollständig durch das Schaltelement in das Gehäuse abgeleitet wird, kann diese unterstützende oder vollständige Bereitstellung einer Bewegung des Sperrkörpers durch einen zusätzlichen Permanentmagnet und/oder schaltbaren Elektromagnet vorteilhaft sein.According to one embodiment of a door opener according to the invention it can also be provided that in the housing a permanent magnet to support and / or provide a movement of the locking body from its locking position into its release position and / or in the housing a switchable electromagnet for moving the locking body from its release position into its locking position are arranged. In other words, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet and / or the switchable electromagnet can provide or at least support a movement of the locking body, in addition to triggering such a movement of the locking body by the power transmission lever or the switching element. Particularly in one embodiment of a door opener according to the invention, in which a force exerted by the blocking body on the switching element is completely or at least substantially completely diverted through the switching element into the housing, this supporting or complete provision of a movement of the blocking body be advantageous by an additional permanent magnet and / or switchable electromagnet.
Ferner kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner dahingehend ausgebildet sein, dass die Schalteinheit einen Elektromagnet zum Schalten des Schaltelements zwischen seiner Verriegelposition und seiner Entriegelposition aufweist. Elektromagnete sind besonders geeignete Elemente, um kleine Bewegungen, wie sie in einem Türöffner nötig sind, schaltbar bereitstellen zu können. Darüber hinaus können Elektromagnete besonders kompakt ausgebildet sein, da sie beispielsweise mit einem Ankerelement eine lineare Bewegung direkt bereitstellen können, ohne eine mechanische Übersetzung, wie sie bei rotierenden Elektromotoren nötig wäre, zu erfordern. Ein besonders kompakter Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners kann dadurch bereitgestellt oder zumindest unterstützt werden.Furthermore, a door opener according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the switching unit has an electromagnet for switching the switching element between its locking position and its unlocking position. Electromagnets are particularly suitable elements in order to be able to provide switchable small movements, as are necessary in a door opener. In addition, electromagnets can be designed to be particularly compact, since they can provide a linear movement directly, for example with an armature element, without requiring a mechanical transmission, as would be necessary with rotating electric motors. A particularly compact structure of a door opener according to the invention can thereby be provided or at least supported.
Auch kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Türöffner dahingehend ausgebildet sein, dass das Fallenelement einen Blockierabschnitt zum Kontaktieren eines Gegenblockierabschnitts des Kraftübertragungselements aufweist, wobei, wenn sich das Fallenelement in seiner Öffnungsposition und der Kraftübertragungshebel in seiner Weitergabeposition befindet, der Blockierabschnitt den Gegenblockierabschnitt derartig formschlüssig kontaktiert, dass eine Bewegung des Kraftübertragungselements in seine Grundposition verhindert ist. Mit anderen Worten wird der Kraftübertragungshebel bei einem Fallenelement in seiner Öffnungsposition durch das formschlüssige Kontaktieren des Gegenblockierabschnitts am Blockierabschnitt des Fallenelements daran gehindert, sich aus seiner Weitergabeposition in seine Grundposition zu bewegen, insbesondere ohne dass dafür die erste mechanische Wirkverbindung, in der der erste Kraftübertragungsfaktor bereitgestellt wird, verwendet werden muss. Auf diese Weise kann beispielsweise ein ungewolltes Blockieren einer Bewegung des Fallenelements aus seiner Öffnungsposition in seine Schließposition verhindert werden, welches auftreten könnte, wenn sich beim Fallenelement in seiner Öffnungsposition der Kraftübertragungshebel in seine Grundposition zurückbewegt. Eine Betriebssicherheit eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners kann auf diese Weise erhöht werden.A door opener according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the latch element has a blocking section for contacting a counter-blocking section of the force transmission element, wherein when the latch element is in its open position and the force transmission lever is in its transfer position, the blocking section contacts the counter-blocking section in such a form-fitting manner that a movement the power transmission element is prevented in its basic position. In other words, in the case of a latch element, the force transmission lever is prevented in its open position by the positive contacting of the counter-blocking section on the blocking section of the latch element from moving from its transfer position to its basic position, in particular without the first mechanical operative connection in which the first force transmission factor is provided must be used. In this way, for example, an unintentional blocking of a movement of the latch element from its open position into its closed position can be prevented, which could occur if the force transmission lever in the latch element is in its open position in its basic position moved back. The operational safety of a door opener according to the invention can be increased in this way.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beschrieben mit Bezug auf Figuren. Elemente mit gleicher Funktion und Wirkungsweise werden in den Figuren jeweils mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.The invention is described below with reference to figures. Elements with the same function and mode of operation are each provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.
Es zeigen jeweils schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Türöffner mit einem Fallenelement in einer Schließposition in einer Aufsicht,
- Fig. 2
- den Türöffner von
Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht, - Fig. 3
- den Türöffner von
Fig. 1 mit einem Fallenelement in einer Öffnungsposition in einer Seitenansicht, - Fig. 4
- eine Detailansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners im Bereich eines Sperrkörpers,
- Fig. 5
- Ausführungsformen einer mechanischen Wirkverbindung zwischen einem Sperrkörper und einem Schaltelement,
- Fig. 6
- einen Ablauf einer Türöffnung, und
- Fig. 7
- eine weitere mögliche Ausgestaltungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners.
- Fig. 1
- a door opener according to the invention with a latch element in a closed position in a plan view,
- Fig. 2
- the door opener of
Fig. 1 in a side view, - Fig. 3
- the door opener of
Fig. 1 with a latch element in an opening position in a side view, - Fig. 4
- a detailed view of a door opener according to the invention in the area of a locking body,
- Fig. 5
- Embodiments of a mechanical operative connection between a blocking body and a switching element,
- Fig. 6
- a door opening sequence, and
- Fig. 7
- another possible embodiment of a door opener according to the invention.
Die
Der erfindungsgemäße Türöffner 10 weist insbesondere ein Gehäuse 12 auf, in dem die einzelnen Elemente des erfindungsgemäßen Türöffners 10 angeordnet sind. Insbesondere weist der Türöffner 10 das Fallenelement 20 auf, das wie dargestellt als Drehfalle ausgebildet sein kann.The
Im Inneren des Türöffners 10 ist eine Mechanik angeordnet, die ein schaltbares Sperren einer Bewegung des Fallenelements 20 aus seiner Schließposition 22 in seine Öffnungsposition 24 bereitstellen kann. Diese Mechanik umfasst insbesondere einen Kraftübertragungshebel 30, einen Sperrkörper 40, ein Schaltelement 50 sowie eine Schalteinheit 60 mit einem Elektromagnet 62 zum schaltbaren Bewegen des Schaltelements 50.A mechanism is arranged in the interior of the
Die einzelnen Elemente der Mechanik sind kaskadierend miteinander mechanisch wirkverbunden, wobei insbesondere der Kraftübertragungshebel 30 eine erste mechanische Wirkverbindung 90 zwischen dem Fallenelement 20 und dem Sperrkörper 40, der Sperrkörper 40 eine zweite mechanische Wirkverbindung 92 zwischen dem Kraftübertragungshebel 30 und dem Schaltelement 50 sowie das Schaltelement 50 eine dritte mechanische Wirkverbindung 94 zwischen dem Sperrkörper 40 und der Schalteinheit 60 bildet.The individual elements of the mechanism are mechanically operatively connected to one another in a cascading manner, in particular the force transmission lever 30 having a first mechanical operative connection 90 between the latch element 20 and the locking body 40, the blocking body 40 being a second mechanical operative connection 92 between the force transmission lever 30 and the switching element 50 and the switching element 50 a third mechanical operative connection 94 forms between the blocking body 40 and the switching unit 60.
Die
Weitere in
In
Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass die mechanischen Wirkverbindungen 90, 92, 94 derart ausgebildet sind, dass jeweils eine Reduktion einer durch sie weitergeleiteten Kraft erfolgt. Dies wird durch einen ersten Kraftübertragungsfaktor 100 der ersten mechanischen Wirkverbindung 90 zwischen dem Fallenelement 20 und dem Sperrelement 40, durch einen zweiten Kraftübertragungsfaktor 102 der zweiten mechanischen Wirkverbindung 92 zwischen dem Kraftübertragungshebel 30 und dem Schaltelement 50 sowie durch einen dritten Kraftübertragungsfaktor 104 der dritten mechanischen Wirkverbindung 94 zwischen dem Sperrkörper 40 und der Schalteinheit 60 beschrieben. Jeder dieser Kraftübertragungsfaktoren 100, 102, 104 ist derart ausgebildet, dass die in der entsprechenden mechanischen Wirkverbindung 90, 92, 94 weitergegebene Kraft jeweils gegenüber der jeweils eingeleiteten Kraft reduziert ist, wobei sich insgesamt ein Gesamtkraftübertragungsfaktor als Produkt der einzelnen Kraftübertragungsfaktoren 100, 102, 104 ergibt. Die jeweils nicht weitergeleiteten Bruchteile der Kraft werden über die Lagerungen der einzelnen Elemente, beispielsweise die Drehachse 18 des Kraftübertragungshebels 30 und die Drehachse 18 des Schaltelements 50 oder die Lagerstellen in der Gehäuseaufnahme 14 beim Sperrkörper 40, in das Gehäuse 12 abgeleitet. Insgesamt kann dadurch bereitgestellt werden, dass das Schaltelement 50 bzw. die Schalteinheit 60 bereits mit einem geringen Kraftaufwand für das Fallenelement 20 eine hohe Haltekraft bereitstellen können. Anforderungen an eine Stabilität des Schaltelements 50 bzw. der Schalteinheit 60 können dadurch verkleinert werden, wodurch ein kompakterer Aufbau des Schaltelements 50 bzw. der Schalteinheit 60 ermöglicht werden kann.According to the invention, it is now provided that the mechanical operative connections 90, 92, 94 are designed in such a way that a reduction of a force transmitted through them takes place in each case. This is achieved by a first force transmission factor 100 of the first mechanical operative connection 90 between the latch element 20 and the locking element 40, by a second force transmission factor 102 of the Second mechanical operative connection 92 between the force transmission lever 30 and the switching element 50 and by a third force transmission factor 104 of the third mechanical operative connection 94 between the locking body 40 and the switching unit 60. Each of these force transmission factors 100, 102, 104 is designed in such a way that the force transmitted in the corresponding mechanical operative connection 90, 92, 94 is reduced compared to the force introduced in each case, with a total force transmission factor being the product of the individual force transmission factors 100, 102, 104 results. The fractions of the force that are not passed on are diverted into the
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In
In der linken Abbildung von
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Dies ist in der untersten Abbildung von
- 1010
- TüröffnerDoor opener
- 1212th
- Gehäusecasing
- 1414th
- GehäuseaufnahmeHousing mount
- 1616
- RückstellfederReturn spring
- 1818th
- DrehachseAxis of rotation
- 2020th
- FallenelementTrap element
- 2222nd
- SchließpositionClosed position
- 2424
- ÖffnungspositionOpening position
- 2626th
- BlockierabschnittBlocking section
- 3030th
- KraftübertragungshebelPower transmission lever
- 3232
- GrundpositionBasic position
- 3434
- WeitergabepositionTransfer position
- 3636
- GegenblockierabschnittCounter blocking section
- 3838
- Konturcontour
- 4040
- SperrkörperLocking body
- 4242
- SperrpositionLocked position
- 4444
- FreigabepositionRelease position
- 4646
- VerschieberichtungDirection of movement
- 4848
- SymmetrieachseAxis of symmetry
- 5050
- SchaltelementSwitching element
- 5252
- VerriegelpositionLocking position
- 5454
- EntriegelpositionUnlocking position
- 6060
- SchalteinheitSwitching unit
- 6262
- ElektromagnetElectromagnet
- 6464
- PermanentmagnetPermanent magnet
- 7070
- Abstanddistance
- 7272
- Abstanddistance
- 7474
- WechselwirkungsortPlace of interaction
- 7676
- VerschiebeabstandShift distance
- 7878
- ProjektionsabstandProjection distance
- 8080
- KraftabstandForce distance
- 8282
- WechselwirkungskonturInteraction contour
- 8484
- KraftrichtungDirection of force
- 9090
- erste mechanische Wirkverbindungfirst mechanical operative connection
- 9292
- zweite mechanische Wirkverbindungsecond mechanical operative connection
- 9494
- dritte mechanische Wirkverbindungthird mechanical operative connection
- 100100
- erster Kraftübertragungsfaktorfirst power transmission factor
- 102102
- zweiter Kraftübertragungsfaktorsecond power transmission factor
- 104104
- dritter Kraftübertragungsfaktorthird power transmission factor
Claims (12)
- Door opener (10) having a housing (12) and a latch element (20), wherein the latch element (20) is mounted in the housing (12) so as to be movable between a closed position (22) and an open position (24), the door opener (10) further comprising a force transmission lever (30), a blocking body (40) and a switching element (50), wherein the force transmission lever (30) is mounted in the housing (12) between a base position (32) and a transfer position (34), and the switching element (50) is movably mounted in the housing (12) so as to switchable by a switching unit (60) between a locking position (52) and an unlocking position (54),characterized in thatthe blocking body (40) is mounted within the housing (12) in a positionally fixed housing receptor (14) which defines a displacement direction (46) for the blocking body (40), and the blocking body (40) is movable within the positionally fixed housing receptor (14) in a displacement direction (46) between a blocking position (42) and a release position (44), wherein the force transmission lever (30) moves the blocking body (40) from the blocking position into the release position, and the switching element (50) moves the blocking body (40) from the release position (44) into the blocking position (42).
- Door opener (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that
the force transmission lever (30) at least partially forms a first mechanical operative connection (90) for force transmission between the latch element (20) and the blocking body (40), the blocking body (40) at least partially forms a second mechanical operative connection (92) for force transmission between the force transmission lever (30) and the switching element (50), and the switching element (50) at least partially forms a third mechanical operative connection (94) for force transmission between the blocking body (40) and the switching unit (60), wherein, with an exertion of force on the latch element (20), a force transmitted via the first mechanical operative connection (90) is reduced by a first force transmission factor (100) and/or a force transmitted via the second mechanical operative connection (92) is reduced by a second force transmission factor (102) and/or a force transmitted via the third mechanical operative connection (94) is reduced via a third force transmission factor (104). - Door opener (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that
the third mechanical operative connection (94) is formed in such a way that a force transmitted from the blocking body (40) to the switching unit (60) via the third mechanical operative connection (94) remains. - Door opener (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that
the third mechanical operative connection (94) is formed in such a way that no force transmitted from the blocking body (40) to the switching unit (60) via the third mechanical operative connection (94) remains. - Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe first force transmission factor (100) and/or the second force transmission factor (102) and/or the third force transmission factor (104) has a size of at least 10, preferably a size of at least 25.
- Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe force transmission lever (30) is mounted in the housing (12) so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation (18).
- Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe blocking body (40) takes the form of a rotationally symmetrical rolling body, in particular a ball or a cylinder, in particular having an axis of symmetry (48).
- Door opener (10) according to Claim 6, characterized in that,
to provide the second force transmission factor (102), a displacement distance (76) of an interaction location (74) of the force transmission lever (30) on the blocking body (40) and the axis of symmetry (48) along the displacement direction (46) is less, in particular at least two times less, preferably at least ten times less, particularly preferably at least twenty five less, than a projection distance (78) of the interaction location (74) and the axis of symmetry (48) transversely with respect to the displacement direction (46). - Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe switching element (50) is formed as a lever which is pivotably mounted in the housing (12) or as a slide mounted displaceably in the housing (12) or as an armature element of an electric magnet (62) .
- Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thata permanent magnet (64) for assisting and/or providing a movement of the blocking body (40) from its blocking position (42) into its release position (44) is arranged in the housing (12) and/or a switchable electric magnet for moving the blocking body (40) from its release position (44) into its blocking position (42) is arranged in the housing.
- Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe switching element (60) has an electromagnet (62) for switching the switching element (50) between its locking position (52) and its unlocking position (54) .
- Door opener (10) according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in thatthe latch element (20) has a blocking portion (26) for contacting a counterpart blocking portion (36) of the force transmission element (30), wherein, when the latch element (20) is situated in its open position (24) and the force transmission lever (30) is situated in its transfer position (34), the blocking portion (26) contacts the counterpart blocking portion (36) in a form-fitting manner in such a way that a movement of the force transmission element (30) into its base position (32) is prevented.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019205544 | 2019-04-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3725985A1 EP3725985A1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
EP3725985B1 true EP3725985B1 (en) | 2021-09-22 |
Family
ID=69780082
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20161597.8A Active EP3725985B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2020-03-06 | Door opener |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3725985B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4056277A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1977-11-01 | Unican Security Systems, Ltd. | Electric strike |
DE102006013033B4 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2008-11-20 | Carl Fuhr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electric door opener |
DE102009035735A1 (en) * | 2009-08-01 | 2011-02-03 | Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | Remote-controlled door opener |
DE202010002544U1 (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-04 | Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | Electric door opener |
-
2020
- 2020-03-06 EP EP20161597.8A patent/EP3725985B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3725985A1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
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