EP3725729A1 - Dispositif de fixation permettant d'attacher un câble d'un treuil à un objet - Google Patents

Dispositif de fixation permettant d'attacher un câble d'un treuil à un objet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3725729A1
EP3725729A1 EP20165776.4A EP20165776A EP3725729A1 EP 3725729 A1 EP3725729 A1 EP 3725729A1 EP 20165776 A EP20165776 A EP 20165776A EP 3725729 A1 EP3725729 A1 EP 3725729A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiving element
brake
fastening device
axis
brake body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20165776.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Eike Rulfs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DualLift GmbH
Original Assignee
DualLift GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DualLift GmbH filed Critical DualLift GmbH
Publication of EP3725729A1 publication Critical patent/EP3725729A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fastening device for tying a traction means interacting with a winch, in particular a rope, to an object, in particular a building, a lift system, in particular a passenger or goods lift system, and a use of a fastening device comprising a first receiving element for fastening the Fastening device on the object, a second receiving element for fastening the fastening device on the traction means, wherein the second receiving element is coupled to the first receiving element rotatably about an axis of rotation.
  • Winches, traction devices and fastening devices for connecting traction devices to objects such as in particular buildings, other stationary structures, or large movable objects such as land, air or sea vehicles are generally known and are used in many areas for pulling, in particular lifting, people and loads . For example, they are used in or on the objects in order to move people or loads to bridge differences in path and / or height. These path and / or height differences can be well over 100 m.
  • the traction means used are correspondingly long.
  • winches are often used for lifting structures such as cable winches. These winches can be driven by means of one or more electric motors and engage the traction means in a non-positive or positive manner.
  • the people or loads are usually transported with a transport unit, for example a cabin or a work platform.
  • the traction device is guided past the cabin or the working platform. Deflection pulleys above and / or below the cabin or the working platform ensure a central cable guide.
  • the traction means used are usually relatively rigid, i.e. tolerate only a limited amount of torsion around the tension axis.
  • the traction means may be subjected to torsion due to a non-central guidance in the pulleys. Since, in addition, it has so far often been prescribed that the traction means must be fixed to the object in a rotationally fixed manner, the traction means can be warped. In the worst case, the traction means can form loops due to twisting. Due to the loops, the winch can no longer move or only to a limited extent along the traction mechanism. In addition, the traction device can jump out of the winch. This can damage the rope and / or the winch. In addition, this can endanger the people or loads being carried. It has generally been observed that the traction means, which are relatively torsionally rigid as described above, lose their stability or, in the worst case, are damaged at a certain type-dependent torsion.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fastening device for tying a rope of a winch to an object, a lift system, in particular a passenger or goods lift system, and a use of a fastening device that reduce or eliminate one or more of the disadvantages mentioned.
  • a brake unit which interacts with the first receiving element and the second receiving element in such a way that when the second receiving element and / or the first receiving element are acted upon with a torque that prevents the brake unit from rotating about the axis of rotation between the first receiving element and the second receiving element up to a predetermined adhesive torque.
  • a traction means is understood to mean a rope, rope, belt, chain or the like which, due to its structure, tolerates only a limited amount of torsion, as described above.
  • connection of the traction means is understood according to the invention to mean that the traction means is coupled directly or indirectly to the receiving element, with an indirect coupling being understood as the interposition of appropriately designed connecting elements, such as bolts, shackles and other known machine elements.
  • the first receiving element is designed for fastening the fastening device to the object.
  • the first receiving element can be designed in the shape of an eye.
  • the first receiving element can, for example, have a substantially completely walled opening with which the fastening device is fastened to the object.
  • the second receiving element is designed for attachment to the traction means.
  • the second receiving element comprises means with which the second receiving element can be coupled to a traction means. This coupling can take place, for example, with the bolt connection explained in more detail below. Further means for fastening the second receiving element to the traction means are also conceivable.
  • the second receiving element is rotatably coupled to the first receiving element about the axis of rotation.
  • the axis of rotation is preferably oriented essentially in the direction of the tensile force.
  • the coupling of the first receiving element to the second receiving element is preferably configured such that an axially fixed connection of the first receiving element to the second receiving element is provided in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the first receiving element and the second receiving element can generally not be pulled apart in the operating state. This axial fastening can take place, for example, with the axial bearing explained in more detail below.
  • the fastening device comprises the brake unit, which cooperates with the first receiving element and the second receiving element.
  • the braking unit is set up in such a way that when a torque is applied to the second receiving element and / or the first receiving element, the braking unit rotates around the axis of rotation between the first receiving element and the second Prevents receiving element up to a predetermined torque.
  • This torque is to be understood in particular as acting around the axis of rotation.
  • the brake unit causes, for example, static friction between the first receiving element and the second receiving element.
  • this static friction preferably changes into sliding friction, so that the first receiving element can rotate about the axis of rotation relative to the second receiving element.
  • Static friction preferably occurs again as soon as the torque has decreased again sufficiently.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that, for example, in lift systems with ropes, the cabin can hang inclined when the load is off-center, which can lead to off-center cable routing within the deflection pulleys before and / or after the winch, or in guide systems of the traction device in general .
  • An offset between a guide roller and the rope causes the rope to twist.
  • the twisting of the rope causes the formation of loops, which is disadvantageous for functionality.
  • the twisting of the rope and the formation of loops can be prevented or reduced by the fastening device according to the invention. Transferred to other forms of traction means and movement tasks, this means that by reducing the twisting of the traction means, its service life is increased, the risk of damage is reduced, and operational safety can be improved overall.
  • the first receiving element is non-rotatably attached to the object during operation. If the rotation of the traction means now causes a torque on the second receiving element that exceeds the predetermined adhesive torque, there is a rotational relative movement between the first receiving element and the second receiving element. This movement at least partially reduces the twist and the formation of loops can be avoided or reduced. As a result, even with an eccentric load on the transport unit, the winch can travel along the traction means without the traction means jumping out of the winch. This enables better operation. In addition, people and / or loads can be transported with a lower safety risk.
  • the brake unit comprises a brake disc.
  • the brake disc acts in particular between the first receiving element and the second receiving element in such a way that a frictional force acts between them, which causes a rotation of the first receiving element prevented relative to the second receiving element about the axis of rotation up to the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the brake disk preferably has a friction surface.
  • the brake disc is preferably connected to the second receiving element in a rotationally fixed manner. If the brake disc is to be completely immovable relative to the second receiving element, it can for example be integrally formed on the receiving element or otherwise permanently attached to it.
  • the friction surface of the brake disk preferably interacts with the first receiving element in such a way that rotation of the brake disk relative to the first receiving element around the axis of rotation is prevented up to the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the brake disc is arranged so as to be axially displaceable relative to the first receiving element and / or the second receiving element. This results in a decoupling of the brake unit from the tension or tensile loads acting in the longitudinal direction on the fastening device.
  • the invention is also based on the knowledge that the predetermined adhesive torque should be parallel to the axis of rotation regardless of the axial load. Since the axial load varies greatly when people or loads are transported, the predetermined adhesive torque should not be influenced by this load.
  • the braking unit preferably decouples the axial load from the braking effect.
  • the brake unit has at least one (first) brake body, and preferably a second brake body, the brake disk preferably being arranged between the first brake body and the second brake body.
  • the brake body or bodies is or are preferably assigned to the first receiving element, which can rotate relative to the brake disk.
  • the brake body or bodies are connected essentially non-rotatably to the first receiving element and the brake disc is non-rotatably connected to the second receiving element.
  • the non-rotatable connection of the brake body (s) to the first receiving element and the non-rotatable connection of the brake disc to the second receiving element can take place in a non-positive and / or positive manner.
  • the brake unit has several friction surfaces that are operatively connected to one another and a pretensioning element, the pretensioning element being configured to apply a pretensioning force acting between the friction surfaces, which defines the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the pretensioning element is preferably set up in such a way that the pretensioning force acting between the friction surfaces can be adjusted, in order in particular to define the adhesive torque. An increased pre-tensioning force usually leads to a higher predetermined holding torque.
  • the preloading element is formed on the second receiving element, and the brake disc of the brake unit is non-rotatably but axially displaceable on the first receiving element. This also isolates the pretensioning force itself from the tensile or tension loads on the fastening device and is not changed regardless of the operating state.
  • a first friction surface and a second friction surface connected to the first friction surface are preferably provided.
  • the first receiving element can have the first friction surface and the second receiving element can have the second friction surface.
  • the receiving elements can have the friction surfaces directly, for example integrally, and indirectly, for example by means of brake bodies.
  • the preload force defines the force with which the friction surfaces are pressed together. This force defines the frictional force in accordance with the interrelationships familiar to the person skilled in the art, which in turn defines the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the friction surfaces can be arranged in such a way that their surface orthogonals are aligned essentially parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • a brake unit with such friction surfaces acts essentially axially.
  • the friction surfaces can be arranged such that surface orthogonals of the friction surfaces are also oriented orthogonally to the axis of rotation. Consequently, the brake unit then acts essentially radially.
  • axially and radially acting friction surfaces are also possible.
  • the first brake body and the second brake body are preferably coupled to one another by means of the pre-tensioning element in such a way that the first brake body, the second brake body and the brake disc are subjected to the pre-tensioning force in the direction of the axis of rotation, the pre-tensioning force defining the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the operatively connected friction surfaces are formed by the first brake body on the one hand and by the brake disc on the other hand.
  • the fastening device is further preferably developed in that the first brake body and the second brake body are connected with at least one connecting element, for example a screw, and the pretensioning element.
  • the at least one brake body or the two brake bodies are preferably prestressed by the prestressing element so that the at least one brake body or both brake bodies and the brake disc are acted upon by the prestressing force in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the first brake body is connected to the second brake body by means of the at least one connecting element, the brake disc being arranged between the brake bodies.
  • the connecting element can therefore be used to apply a force to the first brake body and the second brake body which presses the first brake body and the second brake body against one another and / or pulls them together.
  • a force is in turn exerted on the brake disk by the first brake body and the second brake body.
  • a friction pairing arises between the first brake body and the brake disc and between the second brake body and the brake disc.
  • the prestressing element is designed as at least one cup spring.
  • the connecting element can be designed as a screw, for example.
  • the screw can be passed through an opening in the first brake body in such a way that the screw head acts as a stop on the first brake body.
  • the screw can then extend through a further corresponding opening on the second brake body.
  • the disk spring can be arranged on the screw.
  • this end of the screw can be secured with a nut.
  • the plate spring can be pinched between the nut and the second brake body. Because of this clamping, a pretensioning force can be brought about in a targeted manner between the first brake body and the second brake body.
  • the size ranges of the pre-tensioning force that can be set later can, for example, be set in advance by the application-specific selection of the spring constant of the disc spring.After selecting a disc spring, the pre-tensioning force can then be controlled during operation by pre-tensioning over a defined pre-tensioning path depending on the spring constant according to known principles. Furthermore, the pretensioning force can be influenced by arranging several cup springs in opposite directions to one another - analogous to a series connection of helical springs.
  • first brake body and the second brake body are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the second brake body has at least one collar which protrudes in the direction of the first receiving element
  • the first brake body has a fixing recess corresponding to the at least one collar
  • the collar is arranged within the fixing recess so that the first Brake body and the second brake body are rotatably connected to one another.
  • the first brake body can have at least one collar which protrudes in the direction of the second receiving element
  • the second brake body can have a fixing recess corresponding to the at least one collar
  • the collar is arranged within the fixing recess so that the first brake body and the second Brake body are rotatably connected to each other.
  • the second receiving element has a receiving section with a non-circular, preferably polygonal receiving cross-section, preferably with a hexagonal receiving cross-section
  • the brake disc has a brake disc recess corresponding to the receiving section with a non-circular, in particular polygonal recess cross-section, preferably with a hexagonal Recess cross-section
  • the polygonal receiving section is arranged non-rotatably within the polygonal brake disc recess.
  • a non-rotatable connection can be formed between the second receiving element and the brake disc due to the non-round, polygonal receiving cross section and the recess cross section corresponding thereto. This can be done, for example, with a clearance fit, a transition fit or an oversize fit. In particular, a transition fit or play fit is preferred in order to ensure a play-free connection.
  • the brake disk with its corresponding profile can preferably slide along the non-round, in particular polygonal, receiving cross section.
  • the torsional strength between the second receiving element and the brake disc can also be achieved with receiving cross-sections and recess cross-sections that deviate from a polygonal geometry.
  • the receiving cross section and the recess cross section can each have an oval geometry, which can be arranged one inside the other.
  • a torsional strength can also be achieved with this.
  • any geometries for the receiving cross-section and the recess cross-section are conceivable which enable torsional strength between the second receiving element and the brake disc.
  • it is preferred that these geometries bring about a form fit.
  • a force fit and / or a material fit between the second receiving element and the brake disk can also enable the torsional strength.
  • Suitable types of connection such as welding, gluing or even a feather key connection, can be used for this purpose.
  • the first receiving element and the second receiving element are fixedly coupled in the direction of the axis of rotation and rotatably about the axis of rotation by means of an axial bearing.
  • the axial bearing enables an efficient rotary connection between the first receiving element and the second receiving element.
  • the axial bearing can be designed, for example, as a plain bearing or as a roller bearing.
  • the first receiving element comprises a through opening with a through axis, wherein the through axis is aligned coaxially to the axis of rotation, a pin of the second receiving element extends through the through opening, and the pin on the second Receiving element facing away from the side of the through opening is coupled to the first receiving element by means of the axial bearing in the direction of the axis of rotation essentially fixed and rotatable about the axis of rotation.
  • the through opening preferably extends in the direction of the through axis from a first end to a second end.
  • the first end is preferably facing the second receiving element and the second end is facing away from the second receiving element.
  • the pin preferably extends from the second end through the through opening.
  • the pin In a section adjacent to a distal end of the pin, the pin is preferably coupled to the axial bearing.
  • the pin can have a thread.
  • a nut with a bearing surface facing the first end is preferably on this thread unscrewed. The bearing surface can rest on the axial bearing and can be rotatably moved with it.
  • Such a connection between the first receiving element and the second receiving element leads to a rigid connection, which nevertheless enables a wear-minimizing rotatability.
  • the second receiving element has two spaced-apart legs on a side facing away from the first receiving element, each with a bolt opening for receiving a bolt, a direction of passage of the bolt openings preferably being oriented orthogonally to the axis of rotation.
  • the two legs with their bolt openings enable a safe and quick connection between the fastening device and a traction device.
  • a lift system in particular a passenger or goods lift system, comprising a transport unit for picking up people and / or loads, a drive device, in particular a cable winch, with a traction device, characterized in that an A fastening device according to one of the above-described embodiment variants is arranged on the traction means.
  • the underlying problem is further solved by using a fastening device according to one of the embodiment variants described above as a cable fastening element for a cable of a cable winch for fastening the cable to a building.
  • Figure 1 shows a fastening device 1 with a first receiving element 100 for fastening the fastening device 1 to an object, a second receiving element 200 for fastening to a traction means, wherein the second receiving element 200 is rotatably coupled to the first receiving element 100 about an axis of rotation 2.
  • the first receiving element 100 has a through opening 102 which has a direction of passage which is oriented coaxially to the axis of rotation 2.
  • the second receiving element 200 has a peg 210 with a distal end 211 in a section facing the first receiving element 100.
  • the pin 210 extends through the through opening 102.
  • the pin 210 has a thread 212.
  • the thread 212 protrudes from the through opening 102.
  • a nut 352 is screwed onto the thread 212.
  • An axial bearing 350 is arranged between the nut 352 and a region of the first receiving element 100 adjoining the through opening 102. The nut 352 can therefore be rotated with the pin 210 relative to the first receiving element 100 about the axis of rotation 2.
  • the fastening device 1 further comprises a brake unit 300.
  • the brake unit 300 interacts with the first receiving element 100 and the second receiving element 200 in such a way that when a torque is applied to the second receiving element 200 and / or the first receiving element 100, the braking unit 300 a Prevents rotation about the axis of rotation 2 between the first receiving element 100 and the second receiving element 200 up to a predetermined adhesive torque. If the torque exceeds the predetermined adhesive torque, there is a rotational relative movement between the first receiving element 100 and the second receiving element 200.
  • the brake unit 300 comprises a first brake body 310, a second brake body 320 and a brake disk 302.
  • the brake disk 302 is arranged between the first brake body 310 and the second brake body 320.
  • the brake disk 302 forms a friction pairing 304 with the first brake body 310.
  • the first and the second brake body 310, 320 are connected essentially non-rotatably to the first receiving element 100.
  • the brake disk 302 is connected to the second receiving element 200 in a rotationally fixed manner. This torsional strength is made possible by the external geometry of the second receiving element 200 and the geometry of a brake disk recess 303.
  • the second receiving element 200 has a hexagonal receiving cross section.
  • the receiving cross section is to be understood as the cross section of the second receiving element 200, the surface orthogonal of which is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 2. Because the receiving cross section is hexagonal and the recess cross section is also hexagonal, a non-rotatable connection can be formed between the brake disk 302 and the second receiving element 200.
  • the second brake body 320 has a central opening 328, this central opening 328 having a round cross section, this round cross section having larger dimensions than the hexagonal receiving cross section.
  • the second brake body 320 is thus arranged to be rotatable relative to the second receiving element 200.
  • the first brake body 310 and the second brake body 320 are connected to one another in a prestressed manner with a first connecting element 330 and a second connecting element 340.
  • the first connecting element 330 is designed as a head screw which, supported by a washer 332, extends from a recess in the first brake body 310 through a pretensioning opening 326 in the second brake body 320.
  • a plate spring 334 is arranged on the connecting element 330 and secured with a nut 336.
  • the arrangement with the second connecting element 340 is designed analogously with a washer 342, a plate spring 344 and a nut 346.
  • the spring force of the plate springs 334, 344 can be used to set the pretensioning force of the connection and thus define the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • other brake concepts can also be implemented. For example, there is also the possibility of using radially arranged braking surfaces. For example, the principle of a drum brake can also be used.
  • the predetermined adhesive torque is defined by the static friction between the brake disk 302 and the brake bodies 310, 320. The greater the pretensioning force, the higher the static friction and the higher the predetermined adhesive torque.
  • the first brake body 310 has a fixing recess 312. On the opposite side, the first brake body 310 has an analogous fixing recess.
  • the second brake body 320 has a first collar 322 and a second collar 324, the collars 322, 324 being designed to correspond to the fixing recesses 312 of the first brake body 310. This means in particular that the collar 322 can be arranged within the fixing recess 312. As a result, the first brake body 310 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the second brake body 320.
  • a torque acting on the second receiving element 200 about the axis of rotation 2 has the consequence that the entire fastening device 1 rotates until the predetermined adhesive torque is reached or, if the first receiving element 100 is non-rotatably attached to a facade, that the torque does not cause any rotation becomes. If the torque exceeds the adhesive torque, sliding friction occurs between the brake disc 302 and the brake bodies 310, 320 instead of static friction and the brake disc 302 rotates relative to the brake bodies 310, 320. As a result, the first receiving element 100 and the second receiving element 200 also rotate relative to one another .
  • the second receiving element 200 has, in a section adjoining the end facing away from the first receiving element 100, a first leg 206 and a second leg 208 spaced apart from the first leg 206.
  • the legs 206, 208 each have a bolt opening 202 each having a coaxially aligned passage direction 204.
  • the direction of passage 204 of the bolt openings 202 is oriented orthogonally to the axis of rotation 2.
  • a bolt 220 can be arranged in the bolt openings 202. At its end facing away from the head, the bolt 220 has a small hole in which a cotter pin 222 can be attached to secure it.
  • This design of the second receiving element 200 is advantageous because it allows a pulling means to be attached simply and safely.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
EP20165776.4A 2019-03-27 2020-03-26 Dispositif de fixation permettant d'attacher un câble d'un treuil à un objet Withdrawn EP3725729A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019107894.6A DE102019107894A1 (de) 2019-03-27 2019-03-27 Befestigungsvorrichtung zum Anbinden eines Seils einer Winde an einem Objekt

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3725729A1 true EP3725729A1 (fr) 2020-10-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20165776.4A Withdrawn EP3725729A1 (fr) 2019-03-27 2020-03-26 Dispositif de fixation permettant d'attacher un câble d'un treuil à un objet

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EP (1) EP3725729A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019107894A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012072095A1 (fr) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Pewag Austria Gmbh Boulon à œillet
DE102013205723A1 (de) * 2013-03-28 2014-10-02 Rud Ketten Rieger & Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Kg Kugelgelagerter Anschlagpunkt
EP3279505A1 (fr) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-07 Treemagineers Ltd Pivot

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018106239A1 (de) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Olko Maschinentechnik Gmbh Trommelfördermaschine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012072095A1 (fr) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Pewag Austria Gmbh Boulon à œillet
DE102013205723A1 (de) * 2013-03-28 2014-10-02 Rud Ketten Rieger & Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Kg Kugelgelagerter Anschlagpunkt
EP3279505A1 (fr) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-07 Treemagineers Ltd Pivot

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